体检人群乳腺疾病及相关知识认知情况的调查

目的 了解女性体检人群中乳腺疾病的现患率及其对相关知识的认知情况.方法 采用自行设计的乳腺疾病认知调查问卷,对进行乳腺彩色超声多普勒检查的824名体检女性进行乳腺疾病调查.结果 乳腺囊性增生症患病率最高,为91.26%,其次是乳腺增生结节,患病率为8.74%,不同年龄段的发病率不同,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;30～49岁是乳腺疾病高发年龄段,且大多数体检者对乳腺疾病的知识缺乏,特别是乳腺癌的发病因素、预防乳腺癌措施及乳腺自我检查方法等.结论 使用乳腺彩色超声多普勒检查方法可提高乳腺疾病检出率,应普及的宣传女性乳腺疾病防治知识,注意各年龄阶段乳腺疾病防治重点.     

职业女性乳腺增生现状调查及其危险因素研究

目的:对清新区职业女性乳腺增生的患病现状进行调查,并探讨分析其危险因素。方法:使用自制调查问卷对到我院体检的2308名职业女性进行调查,并采用Logistic多因素分析法分析乳腺增生的危险因素。结果:2308名职业女性中乳腺疾病的患病人数为576例,患病率为24.90%,其中乳腺增生的发病率为22.75%(525/2308),乳腺纤维瘤的发病率为1.04%(24/2308),乳腺癌的发病率为0.26%(6/2308)。经多因素条件Logistic回归分析显示患者乳腺增生的危险因素有:年龄、体质指数、哺乳方式、饮食方式及睡眠质量等。结论:清新区职业女性的乳腺增生发病率较高,其危险因素为年龄、体质指数、哺乳方式、饮食方式和睡眠质量,据此可采取综合预防措施以减少职业女性乳腺癌的发生率。     

甲状腺及乳腺良性疾病和子宫肌瘤的关联性分析

目的基于超声检查数据,探讨甲状腺良性疾病、乳腺良性疾病及子宫肌瘤三者之间的关联性。方法收集2016年1月至2017年1月在安徽省立医院健康管理中心同时进行甲状腺、乳腺彩色多普勒超声及子宫附件超声检查的17 085例女性体检人群资料,对其超声结果进行统计分析。结果甲状腺良性疾病总患病率54.5%(95%CI:53.7%～55.2%),随年龄增长,患病率逐渐升高;乳腺良性疾病总患病率52.5%(95%CI:51.7%～53.2%),子宫肌瘤总患病率16.7%(95%CI:15.9%～17.0%),乳腺良性疾病与子宫肌瘤的发病率均呈先升后降的趋势,且都在41-50岁达到最大值。对甲状腺、乳腺良性疾病及子宫肌瘤三者的发病情况进行关联性分析可知:在总人群(控制年龄这一混淆因素)中,每两种疾病的发病情况都显示显著正相关性。按年龄分层之后,得出甲状腺良性疾病与乳腺良性疾病在31～40岁组(P0.001)、41～50岁组(P=0.008)、61～70岁组(P=0.039),乳腺良性疾病与子宫肌瘤在31～40岁组(P0.001)、41～50岁组(P=0.002)、51～60岁组(P0.001)、61～70岁组(P=0.010),甲状腺良性疾病与子宫肌瘤在41～50岁组(P0.001)、51～60岁组(P=0.045),都显著正相关。结论甲状腺良性疾病、乳腺良性疾病及子宫肌瘤的发病情况之间存在关联,尤其是围绝经期女性。     

廊坊市城区与农村妇女乳腺疾病患病率调查

目的了解廊坊市市区与农村妇女乳腺病发病情况,探讨乳腺病发病相关因素及有效预防治疗措施。方法 2009-2010年对廊坊市市区3 185例、农村9 996例妇女乳腺疾病资料进行筛查分析。结果城区检查出各类乳腺疾病1 570例,患病率49.29%;农村检查出各类乳腺疾病938例,患病率9.38%。城区妇女乳腺疾病发病率与农村妇女乳腺疾病发病率比较差异有统计学意义;不同年龄段妇女乳腺疾病发病率差异有统计学意义,乳腺癌检出率农村高于城市。查出乳腺疾病有乳腺增生、纤维腺瘤、脂肪瘤、乳腺癌。结论宣传健康的生活方式,有效心理疏导,进行乳腺保健知识宣传教育,开展定期乳腺病普查普治,做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗乳腺癌。     

广东茂名市36000例乳腺癌高危人群的筛选、预警和监测

目的了解本市乳腺疾病状况,并进行预警、监测,以提高乳腺癌患者的诊断率及生存率。方法采用统一设计普查登记表,对广东茂名市36000例年龄在20～65岁妇女进行普查,利用数据库进行筛选,选出高危人群。结果发现乳腺疾病15100例,占42%,乳腺癌8例,占0.22%,高危人群8280例,占23%。结论高危人群中乳腺增生,乳腺纤维瘤及乳腺癌发病率较高,有显著差异,而对高危人群进行体检配合针吸检查,能提高乳腺癌的诊疗水平。     

乳腺体检4042例结果分析

目的：了解乳腺疾病的患病情况和发展趋势。方法：对2007-10/2008-104042例乳腺体检结果总结分析。结果：乳腺癌的患病率为1.26%,乳腺增生症的患病率为68.50%。结论：乳腺增生症是乳腺疾病中发病率最高的疾病,乳腺体检对乳腺疾病的早期发现、诊断和预防,具有一定的意义和价值。     

妇女乳腺疾病普查结果分析

目的：探讨乳腺疾病发病的相关因素,制定有效的防护措施,降低乳腺疾病发生率。方法：应用近红外线乳腺诊断仪、B超,病理检查并结合触诊对1300例妇女进行乳腺体检。结果：乳腺患病732例,患病率为56.31%,乳腺增生580例,患病率为44.62%,乳腺癌2例,患病率为0.15%。结论：乳腺疾病与年龄、职业有相关性,加强宣教,及时体检,指导妇女健康饮食、生活习惯,降低乳腺疾病,及早发现乳腺癌。     

江苏省仪征市25054例农村妇女乳腺癌筛查结果分析

目的通过筛查仪征市农村妇女乳腺癌患病情况以提高早期诊断率。方法对25 054例乳腺癌筛查的农村妇女进行乳腺临床检查、乳腺彩超、钼靶摄片检查、病理检查。结果参检中发现乳腺增生性病变是最常见的乳腺疾病,患病率为48.25%,乳腺癌16例,患病率为0.06%。结论乳腺癌筛查可及早发现无症状乳腺癌患者,应加大农村妇女乳腺癌普查力度,保护农村育龄妇女健康。     

祁县已婚妇女乳腺疾病筛查结果分析

[目的]了解山西省祁县妇女乳腺患病情况,为早期发现乳腺癌提供帮助。[方法]采用乳腺视诊、触诊、彩超检查,彩超可疑或阳性者进行专家复诊和钼钯X线检查,对山西省祁县35岁~64岁已婚妇女2348人进行乳腺癌筛查。[结果]查出各类乳腺疾病1 155例,总患病率为49.19%。其中患病率较高的前5位是乳腺增生866例(36.88%),乳腺囊肿115例(4.90%),乳腺纤维瘤86例(3.62%),乳腺脂肪瘤44例(1.87%),乳管扩张40例(1.70%);各年龄段乳腺疾病发病率不同,35岁~44岁组最高,占患病人数的57.75%。[结论]山西省祁县已婚妇女乳腺疾病患病率较高,定期进行乳腺癌筛查意义重大。     

1746名女性乳房的普查结果分析

对我区2014年1~12月1746名女性进行乳房普查,分析乳腺疾病的检出情况以及各年龄段的患病情况。结果1746名女性中共有527名患有乳腺疾病,患病率达30.18%,其中,乳腺增生患病率为27.03%,在所有乳腺疾病中构成比达89.56%,患病率及构成比最高,其它依次为乳腺囊肿、乳腺结节等。31~42岁组女性乳腺增生的患病率要显著高于其他年龄组(P<0.05),19~30岁组乳腺纤维腺瘤患病率要显著高于其他年龄组(P<0.05),差异具有统计学意义;此外,19~30岁组乳腺囊肿和乳腺结节患病率均最高,但和别组相比并无差异(P>0.05),43~54岁组检出有2例乳腺癌患者。乳腺增生是检出率最高的乳腺疾病,19~42岁为各类乳腺疾病的高发年龄段,定期对社区女性进行体检并了解乳腺疾病的现状对乳腺疾病的有效控制具有重要意义。     

Cancer screening in public health clinics: the importance of clinic utilization.

OBJECTIVES: To determine how screening for breast and cervical cancer in public health clinics was associated with overall clinic utilization. METHODS: Evidence of screening and clinic visits between June 1989 and May 1992 was obtained by medical record audit for a random sample of 1825 women aged 40 to 75 attending eight public health clinics in the San Francisco Bay Area. RESULTS: With an average number of visits (4 per year), women who did not receive a physical examination were much less likely than those who did to obtain a clinical breast examination (OR = 0.03), mammography referral (OR = 0.1), or a mammogram (OR = 0.4) within 2 years, or a Papanicolaou smear (OR = 0.1) within 3 years. Without a physical examination, the odds of screening or referral increased with the first visit (OR = 1.2 for referral, breast examination, and Pap; 1.3 for mammography), but with a decreasing marginal effect of each additional visit (ratio of successive one-visit OR values = 0.992 for referral and breast examination; 0.995 for Pap; 0.98 for mammography). With a physical exam, visits were associated with mammography only (first visit OR = 1.2; OR ratio = 0.992). CONCLUSIONS: In public health clinics, screening is associated either with receipt of routine care or repeated visits for treatment. Women who fall through the cracks are those who come to the clinic with a medical problem but otherwise receive few services. Interventions in public health clinics need to facilitate the provider's ability to use medically related visits as opportunities to increase adherence to screening recommendations.     

远红外线热像图对乳腺疾病的诊断价值(附11 200例分析)

目的探讨远红外热线扫描对乳腺疾病的诊断价值。方法11 200例乳腺疾病及正常者进行远红外扫描,并由病理学检查证实。结果病理证实乳腺癌150例,其中134例被远红外热像图检测为阳性,诊断符合率89.3%。结论远红外热像对乳腺癌的普查、早期诊断及鉴别诊断有较高的临床应用价值。     

Comparison of breast mammography,sonography and physical examination for screening women at high risk of breast cancer in taiwan

Recommended surveillance for screening breast cancer, which includes regular mammography and clinical breast examination, has long been established in Western countries. This strategy may be too costly and unnecessary for countries with low incidences of breast cancer. The purpose of the present study is to compare breast mammography, sonography and physical examination in screening female relatives of breast cancer index cases from the hospital, and their relative efficiency. A total of 935 women over 35 years old, who were relatives of breast cancer patients, were invited to an annual screening by means of a combination of mammography, sonography and physical examination on a single day. A biopsy was performed when any of the three investigations indicated a possibility of malignancy. A total of 21 breast cancers, including sixteen invasive cancers and 5 noninvasive cancers, were detected among the 935 high-risk women. Of the cancers, 18, including 16 invasive cancers and 3 noninvasive cancers, were detected by sonography. In contrast, only 11 invasive cancers were detected by mammography, and 7 by physical examination. There were only 14 cancers detected by a combination of mammography and physical examination. The 7 (33.3%) additional cancers were detected when sonography was added. The sensitivity of sonography was 90.4%, which was higher than mammography (52.4%) and physical examination (33.3%), or even a combination of these two modalities (66.7%). This indicates that sonography is a more accurate screening tool for breast cancer in the high-risk group. Although breast sonography has not yet been recommended as a routine screening tool for breast cancer in Western countries, it may be superior to mammography and physical examination for the screening of Taiwanese high-risk female relatives of breast cancer index cases. If it should also be considered as a routine adjunct screening modality for Taiwanese women with lower rates of breast cancer will need further study.     

广东省江门市区妇女乳腺疾病调查及相关风险因素分析

目的 探讨广东省江门市区妇女乳腺疾病发生的相关风险因素,为乳腺疾病的防治提供参考依据。 方法 2009年5月至2010年12月对江门市区12 365名妇女进行乳腺疾病筛查。 结果 江门市区妇女乳腺疾病的患病率达34.51%,乳腺癌检出率为150/10万。高学历、痛经、饮酒、乳腺自检与乳腺疾病呈正相关(OR值分别为1.10、1.15、1.35、1.12),初潮年龄晚、月经周期长、绝经与乳腺疾病呈负相关(OR值分别为0.96、0.99、0.62)。 结论 育龄妇女是乳腺疾病重点防治对象。乳腺疾病筛查应作为妇女保健工作的重点,妇女应适时婚育、合理膳食、学习乳腺自我检查、提高自我保健意识。     

彩色多普勒超声及钼靶X射线检查在乳腺癌诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声及钼靶X射线检查在乳腺癌诊断中的应用价值,为临床诊断方法的选择提供参考。方法选取2018年1月至2019年6月在我院就诊的乳腺疾病患者76例为研究对象,所有患者均行彩色多普勒超声及钼靶X射线检查,并详细记录影像学资料,将检查结果与病理学检查结果进行比较。结果76例乳腺疾病患者中,确诊乳腺癌患者31例,其余45例为乳腺良性肿瘤患者。联合检查的准确率为93.42%(71/76),高于彩色多普勒超声的75.00%(57/76)及钼靶X射线检查的84.21%(64/76),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合检查诊断乳腺癌的灵敏度和特异度高于单一彩色多普勒超声检查和单一钼靶X射线检查,但仅灵敏度存在显著差异(P<0.05)。结论彩色多普勒超声和钼靶X射线检查在乳腺癌的诊断中均有一定的优势,二者联合使用可有效提高乳腺癌的诊断准确率。     

Cancer risk-reduction behaviors of breast cancer survivors

Using secondary data analysis, the aim was to determine if postmenopausal women, who have survived breast cancer, have adopted healthy nutritional and physical activity behaviors recommended in the American Cancer Society guidelines as cancer risk-reduction strategies, and in guidelines for prevention of other chronic diseases or for improving general health. From their personal health history, women who have survived breast cancer would be likely candidates to adopt healthy behaviors recommended as cancer risk-reduction strategies or for prevention of other chronic diseases. A secondary aim was to determine the perceived general health and affective state of these women. These breast cancer survivors had a high perception of their general health, a positive affective state, and have adopted some healthy lifestyle behaviors, but they are not fully adhering to the ACS nutrition and physical activity guidelines or other health related guidelines for cancer risk reduction or prevention of other chronic diseases.     

妇女病普查5 638例结果分析

目的：掌握和了解上海市徐汇区弱势妇女（下岗、失业、协保人员）的妇女常见病、多发病情况。方法：以普查的形式于2004年9月16日-2004年11月19日对徐汇区弱势妇女进行了免费妇科病、乳腺疾病普查。结果：应查已婚妇女数6158例，实查5638例，普查率91．56％。5638例中查出患各种妇科病乳腺疾病总人数3238例，患病率为57．43％。妇科疾病前三位是宫颈炎、阴道炎、子宫肌瘤。宫颈癌3例，患病率为0．05％（53，2／10万）。5638例中患乳腺疾病者1735例，患病率为30．77％，乳腺疾病中主要以乳腺增生为主，占97.69％。其次是纤维瘤20例，占1．15％，暂无乳腺癌。结论：本地区弱势妇女常见病依次是宫颈炎、乳房小叶增生、阴道炎、子宫肌瘤。妇幼保健工作者应加强妇女卫生宣教，广泛宣传防病治病知识及乳腺疾病自检方法。做好妇女各期预防保健工作，增强生殖自然防御能力，以降低生殖道炎症患病者。     

中国女性乳腺癌筛查现状及适宜模式探索

乳腺癌已成为中国女性最常见的恶性肿瘤, 但目前尚无规范的筛查标准和流程。欧美国家普遍采用以乳腺X线摄影为主要手段的乳腺癌普查模式, 但中国经济发展水平和女性的乳腺癌发病特点与欧美国家存在较大差别, 故其筛查模式并不适合中国。结合当前现有的针对中国女性乳腺癌筛查模式的研究和实践提示, 先采用乳腺癌风险模型进行评估, 对高危女性首选查体联合超声进行筛查, 成本效益较高, 且可提高早期诊断率, 是更适宜中国女性的乳腺癌筛查模式。     

Breast self examination: use of a visual reminder to increase practice.

1. Breast cancer, the most common type of cancer affecting women and the second leading cause of cancer death in women, will affect more than 10% of the female population of this country. 2. Breast self examination (BSE), known to be an effective component of a three part breast health program which includes physical examination and mammography, is not practiced consistently by American women. 3. A convenient memory aid serving as a visual stimulus, combined with appropriate educational materials, is effective in increasing both the knowledge of breast health and the frequency of BSE practice.     

Imaging of the breast: techniques and results

Procedures for imaging of the breast have increased in number substantially in the past 30 years. Mammography, currently the most important breast imaging technique, was introduced at the Mayo Clinic in 1961. In 1988, more than 36,000 mammographic procedures were done. Breast ultrasonography is also a valuable examination, particularly for determining whether mass lesions are cystic or solid. The use of mammography for screening is increasing. Screening mammography allows the detection of breast cancer before it is palpable and while it is still in a stage known as minimal breast cancer. Lesions metastatic to axillary lymph nodes are less common in women with nonpalpable breast cancers than in women with palpable lesions. Nondiagnostic mammography should not delay the biopsy of a mass that is suspicious on physical examination. A special breast imaging center for performance of screening studies and evaluation of breast problems has been established at the Mayo Clinic.