托吡酯单药和添加治疗儿童癫疒间的效果

目的：观察托吡酯对儿童各型癫痫的临床疗效和安全性。方法：对69例癫痫患儿进行了添加及首次诊断单药托吡酯治疗。以应用托吡酯前3个月的发作频率或月发作≥2次发作频率为基准，与应用托吡酯达到目标剂量后的月平均发作频率进行比较，计算有效率百分比。结果：托吡酯治疗各型儿童癫痫的总有效率为85．5％，单药治疗组完全控制率56．5％，添加组完全控制率47．8％。不良反应发生率为33．3％。除2例发作增多外，大部分不良反应轻微。结论：托吡酯对儿童多种类型癫痫有良好疗效，安全性高，可以作为儿童癫痫一线治疗药物。     

托吡酯联合薄芝糖肽治疗癫痫40例疗效观察

目的探讨托吡酯与薄芝糖肽联合用药对癫痫患儿临床疗效、脑电图、体质量及认知功能的影响。方法将2007年12月至2009年12月该科收治的75例癫痫患儿随机分为两组:托吡酯+薄芝糖肽联合治疗组(治疗组)与托吡酯单药对照组(对照组)。治疗6个月后将两组临床发作、脑电图指标、体质量及智力评估分值进行对照的开放性研究。结果治疗组40例患儿总有效率为87.5%,脑电图改善率为80.0%;对照组35例患儿总有效率为82.9%,脑电图改善率为71.4%,两组临床改善及脑电图指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组盖塞尔发育量表(Gesell Developmental Scales)分值在用药6个月后较用药前均有下降,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗组中2~3月龄、5~6月龄、11~12月龄患儿的体质量增长与对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 (1)托吡酯联合薄芝糖肽治疗癫痫患儿疗效肯定,但与托吡酯单药疗效比较,差异无统计学意义;(2)两药合用对小年龄组患儿的体质量增长具有积极的促进作用,可能有助于减轻托吡酯单药对患儿体质量抑制的不良影响;(3)托吡酯联用薄芝糖肽与托吡酯单药治疗6个月对癫痫患儿认知...     

托吡酯治疗难治性癫痫的近期临床疗效研究

目的探讨托吡酯对难治性癫痫的近期临床疗效和不良事件的发生。方法对51例难治性癫痫患者,采取原抗癫痫药物不变加用托吡酯治疗13周后停去原抗癫痫药改为单用托吡酯治疗。结果加用托吡酯治疗难治性癫痫总有效率为80.4%,单用托吡酯治疗难治性癫痫总有效率为82.4%(P>0.05),对各型难治性癫痫均有效。托吡酯起效时间在4～8周(有效率达70.6%)。副作用发生率为15.7%,而且较轻。结论托吡酯治疗难治性癫痫疗效好,无耐药性,不良事件发生少,是一种广谱的抗癫痫药,托吡酯可作为单药治疗难治性癫痫。     

托吡酯添加治疗小儿难治性癫痫的临床观察

目的研究托吡酯治疗小儿癫痫的疗效与安全性。方法47例癫痫患儿，原来使用的抗癫药种类和剂量不变，将托吡酯作为辅助治疗药物，从0．50—1．00mg／（kg&#183;d）开始，每周增加0.50-1．00mg／（kg&#183;d），目标剂量4．00-9．00mg／（kg&#183;d），根据癫发作情况调整托吡酯剂量。癫痫发作被控制后，原用抗癫药物逐渐减量直至停用。结果患儿治疗3个月后，总有效率，其中简单部分性发作为88．9％，复杂部分性发作为77．8％，症状性癫痫为83．3％。12例患儿在加量期出现轻、中度不良反应，不需特殊处理大多可自行消失。结论托吡酯治疗小儿癫痫疗效确切，安全性高，患儿耐受好。     

托吡酯单药方案治疗小儿癫痫临床观察

目的　观察托吡酯单药方案治疗小儿癫痫的疗效及安全性。方法　将 10 0例初次诊断为癫痫的患儿随机分为两组 ,托吡酯单药组 5 2例 ,托吡酯作为添加剂的联合用药组 48例。两组用药剂量及方法一致 ,从小剂量开始 ,第 1周 0 5mg/(kg·d) ,第 2周起视病情每 5～ 10d增加 0 5～ 1mg/(kg·d) ,最大剂量不超过 8mg/(kg·d) ,2次 /d。结果　治疗后单药组完全控制 32例 ,显效 6例 ,有效 5例 ,无效 9例 ,总有效率 83 % ;联合用药组完全控制 2 7例 ,显效 11例 ,有效 5例 ,无效 5例 ,总有效率 90 %。两组总有效率差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。两组不良作用差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　托吡酯单药治疗小儿癫痫疗效较肯定 ,未出现严重的副作用     

托吡酯片单药对小儿癫痫的疗效以及预后分析

目的 探讨托吡酯片单药对小儿癫痫的疗效及预后的影响.方法 选取2009年1月至2010年12月该科收治的小儿癫痫患者81例,采用总结回顾分析法,将患儿的临床资料搜集、整理,并分析治疗有效率以及不良反应等情况.结果 81例接受治疗的癫痫患儿中,完全控制发作49例(60.49%),显效10例(12.35%),有效5例(6.17%),无效17例(20.98%),总有效率为79.01%.其中11出现不良反应,发生率为13.58%,全部患儿均食欲下降,其中兴奋易怒和性格改变5例,体质量下降3例,睡眠不安2例,嗜睡1例,多汗1例,记忆力下降1例,均无泌尿系统结石及严重不良反应.结论 托吡酯片治疗对多种类型癫痫患儿安全、有效,且耐受性好,值得临床推广应用.     

托吡酯单药及合并用药治疗癫痫的临床观察

目的　观察托吡酯单药及合并用药治疗各种类型癫痫的临床疗效、有效剂量及副作用。方法　 2 5例癫痫患者行托吡酯单药治疗 ,2 0例癫痫患者行托吡酯添加治疗 ,观察其疗效及副作用。结果　单药治疗组有效率为76.0 %,平均有效维持剂量为 ( 118.1± 5 8.2 )mg·d- 1 ;合并用药组有效率为 70 .0 %,平均有效维持剂量为 ( 14 8.4± 83 .5 )mg·d- 1 ;托吡酯常见的副作用有食欲减退、体重减轻等 ,多发生于加药期 ,症状多轻微且短暂。结论　托吡酯单药及合并用药治疗各种类型癫痫疗效良好、副作用小     

58例小儿癫痫脑CT检查分析

目的分析CT扫描在小儿癫痫诊断中的应用价值。方法58例小儿癫痫患者进行CT检查，并对其CT表现进行分析研究。结果该组58例±癫痫患者中CT表现异常者34例，阳性率为58．62％。其中脑萎缩13例，颅内炎症11例，脑肿瘤5例，脑积水3例，颅内钙化1例，脑内缺血性病变1例。小儿癫痫患儿均使用托吡酯联合丙戊酸钠进行治疗，初步控制病情的发展。结论CT检查在小儿癫痫病因查找及病变定位中有较高的应用价值，可提高±癫痫的诊断准确率及定位率，为临床治疗提供信息；托吡酯联合丙戊酸钠进行治疗效果较好，且有效减少药物不良反应。     

托吡酯单药治疗癫痫临床分析

托吡酯(CTMP)为一新型的抗癫痫药物,国内外多中心开放或双盲对照试验已证实,对难治性癫痫部分性发作治疗有较好的疗效[1、2 ] ,但国内有关托吡酯单药治疗的报道较少。我科试用托吡酯单药治疗癫痫,观察其临床疗效及耐受性。1　资料和方法1.1一般资料　本院门诊确诊癫痫患者(符合     

拉莫三嗪联合托吡酯治疗小儿癫痫合并抑郁症的疗效及安全性分析

目的:考察拉莫三嗪联合托吡酯治疗小儿癫痫合并抑郁症的疗效。方法:选择65例小儿癫痫合并抑郁症患者随机分为两组,对照组(32例)采用托吡酯治疗,观察组(33例)在对照组基础上给予拉莫三嗪治疗。对比两组患儿癫痫控制情况、抑郁评分及不良反应情况。结果:经3个月治疗观察组癫痫治疗总有效率(93.94%)高于对照组(83.38%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组抑郁评分(12.8±2.0)分,低于对照组(15.7±1.3)分,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:拉莫三嗪联合托吡酯治疗小儿癫痫合并抑郁症的临床疗效较单独用药治疗更好,且能有效改善患儿抑郁情况,不良反应低。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.