小鼠Klf4基因的克隆及原核表达分析

目的 克隆Klf4基因并对其重组蛋白进行原核表达及分析.方法 提取胎鼠皮肤mRNA后反转录为cDNA序列,用一对两端引入特定酶切位点引物,从该cDNA中扩增出Klf4基因编码区序列,将其克隆到pEasy-T3载体上.对质粒双酶切并回收其中Klf4基因片段后,克隆入pET-52b(+)载体后转化Origmai B(DE3)型大肠杆菌,用IPTG诱导表达,最后采用SDS-PAGE对重组蛋白进行鉴定及分析.结果 对所克隆的Klf4 mRNA蛋白编码区的DNA序列分析表明,klf4 CDS区包括终止密码子在内为1452 bp,与参照序列对比仅有四处存在差异,不仅其同源性达到99.72%,且其氨基酸序列同源性为100%;在IPTG诱导下pET-52b(+)-Klf4重组质粒可表达与预期相符的约为57×103的蛋白质;经IPTG刺激后重组蛋白表达明显上调,其中IPTG为0.4 mol/L时效果最佳.结论 从胎鼠皮肤中克隆的Klf4基因可在原核中表达.     

人高迁移率族蛋白1基因的克隆和表达

目的：克隆人高迁移率族蛋白1(HMG—1)编码基因，构建重组表达载体并对其诱导表达．方法：通过RT—PCR方法扩增出人外周血单个核细胞中HMG—1的编码基因，克隆于载体pGEM—T easy，测序分析后亚克隆于表达载体pGEx—4T—2，测序证实序列正确后转化大肠杆菌DH5α，经IPTG诱导4h后可表达M，约56000的融合蛋白GST—HMGl．结果：克隆了人HMG—1的编码基因，构建了融合蛋白的重组表达质粒pGEx—HMGl，表达的融合蛋白产物经凝胶薄层扫描检测，占全菌总蛋白的0．23．结论：获得了人HMG—1编码基因及其原核表达产物，对研究人HMG—1的生物学功能及其mAb的制备具有重要意义．     

重组人可溶性THANK在大肠杆菌中的高效表达

目的:克隆人THANK的全长基因及编码可溶性胞外区的基因 ,并在大肠杆菌中表达可溶性THANK.方法:采用RT-PCR从PMA诱导的 HL60细胞中克隆人THANK全长编码基因,继以PCR扩增出可溶性THANK编码区基因(134～285位氨基酸),PCR产物克隆于pMD-18T,经DNA测序证实后亚克隆到pET-11a中.重组质粒转化B L21,以1 mmol/L IPTG进行诱导表达产物,SDS-PAGE分析表达产物,对重组蛋白经纯化复性后测定生物学活性.结果:RT-PCR扩增出编码人THANK全长编码基因及P CR扩增出THANK134-285基因的cDNA,经序列分析证实与文献报道完全一致.含有THA NK134-285编码基因的表达载体,转化大肠杆菌后表达出相对分子质量约18 000的重组蛋白.该重组蛋白经纯化后能够诱导U937细胞凋亡.结论:成功克隆了人THANK基因,并在大肠杆菌中表达重组可溶性THANK,该重组蛋白在实验条件下具有诱导U937细胞凋亡的作用.     

人嗜铬粒蛋白A N-端片段Vasostatin-1(CGA1-76)的原核表达

目的制备编码人Vasostatin-1基因片段,利用大肠杆菌表达重组Vasostatin-1蛋白。方法根据人Vasostatin-1基因序列,设计、合成3对PCR引物,利用PCR合成法制备编码Vasostatin-1的DNA。将Vasostatin-1基因定向插入原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1,行酶切和DNA测序鉴定,并将构建的重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)。用IPTG诱导BL21(DE3)中导入的Vasostatin-1基因的表达,行SDS-PAGE分析。用GSTrap亲合柱纯化重组Vasostatin-1蛋白。结果用PCR合成法制备了228bp的Vasostatin-1基因片段,并成功构建了重组质粒pGEX-4T-Vasostatin-1,DNA测序显示Vasostatin-1DNA序列和插入位点正确。经IPTG诱导,特异表达出以包涵体形式存在36kDa的重组Vasostatin-1蛋白。结论制备、克隆了人Vasostatin-1基因片段,并在大肠杆菌中表达出重组Vasostatin-1蛋白。     

IL-21编码基因的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中表达

①目的 利用基因工程技术从人偏桃体细胞CDNA中克隆出白细胞介素21（IL-21）的编码基因，并在大肠杆菌中进行表达。②方法 以人扁桃体细胞经PHA刺激的CDNA文库为模板，经PCR获得IL-21的全基因片段。测序确认后，分别设计含BamH I和SalI酶切位点的引物，经PCR获得IL-121成熟肽的编码基因。将此IL-21基因插入表达载体PGEX4T-2，重组克隆经酶切与测序确认后转化大肠杆菌DH5α进行IPTG诱导表达。③结果 琼脂糖凝胶电泳显示重组质粒的PCR和双酶切产物与理论值的大小相等。SDS-PAGE显示经IPTG诱导后的大肠杆菌DH5α亦表达一与理论相符的条带。目的蛋白约占总菌体蛋白的10%。④结论 成功地构建了IL-21编码基因克隆载体并获得的大肠杆菌中的成功表达。     

人胰岛素瘤相关蛋白-2基因的克隆及原核表达研究

目的：克隆1型糖尿病自身抗原人胰岛素瘤相关蛋白-2(IA-2)的编码基因，并从大肠杆菌中表达具有免疫原性的人IA-2重组蛋白。方法：抽提胎脑总RNA，通过RT—PCR获得编码IA-2胞内结构域的cDNA，与Pinpoint Xa-IT质粒相连接，构建表达型重组质粒，经转化、筛选并鉴定后，从大肠杆菌诱导表达生物素酰化融合蛋白，进而用亲和层析纯化之，以dot—blot鉴定其免疫原性。结果：重组质粒转化的大肠杆菌经IPTG诱导表达及亲和层析后得到了纯度较高、分子量约为59kd的融合蛋白，表达产物用dot—blot证明具有免疫原性。结论：原核表达的生物素酰化人IA-2胞内段融合蛋白具有正确的免疫学构象。     

β-synuclein蛋白原核表达载体的构建与表达

目的 构建人β-synuclein基因的原核表达载体,分析其在大肠杆菌中的表达.方法 从人脑组织中提取总RNA,用RT-PCR方法获得人β-synuclein基因,克隆至pCUm-T载体中,PCR筛选阳性克隆并测序.将酶切后的目的片段克隆至原核表达载体pGEX-6P-1中,转化大肠杆菌BL21.IPTG诱导后,经SDS-PAGE电泳分析目的蛋白的表达.结果 RT-PCR扩增出人β-synuclein基因,将其亚克隆至pGEX-6P-1构建成重组表达质粒,并在BL21中表达了β-synuclein蛋白.结论 成功构建人β-synuclein的原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中表达了人β-synuclein融合蛋白,为进一步研究β-synuclein在帕金森病中的作用奠定了良好的基础.     

重组原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1-MAGE-1的构建及表达

目的:构建人肿瘤相关抗原MAGE-1基因原核表达载体.方法:从人肝细胞性肝癌组织中提取总RNA,RT-PCR扩增出MAGE-1基因.酶切鉴定后,将其插入pGEM-T载体,再克隆至原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1中,构建重组表达质粒pGEX-4T-1-MAGE-1.将重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),经1 mmol/L异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导4 h,SDS-PAGE及凝胶密度扫描分析目的蛋白的表达情况.结果:RT-PCR扩增出长度为927 bp的MAGE-1基因.重组表达质粒pGEX-4T-1-MAGE-1转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)后经诱导表达,目的蛋白约57 000,占菌体总蛋白的23%.结论:成功构建出重组原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1-MAGE-1,该载体在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中高效表达.     

弓形虫SAG1基因成熟蛋白编码区在大肠杆菌中的表达

目的：克隆并表达弓形虫SAG1基因成熟蛋白编码区片段，为下一步表达蛋白纯化奠定基础方法：将弓形虫SAG1基因成熟蛋白编码区片段克隆入高效融合表达载体pET32α，转化大肠杆菌B121(DE3)，37℃、IPTG诱导表达，SDS—PAGE分析表达产物结果：成功构建重组质粒pET32α—SAG1，经诱导后表达出含外源基因的融合蛋白，SDS—PAGE分析表达产物分子质量约44kDa，结论：弓形虫SAG1成熟蛋白编码区在原核表达系统pET32α/BL21(DE3)中获得成功表达，为下一步表达蛋白纯化提供试验依据。     

人羧肽酶A1活性中心基因的克隆及原核表达

目的：克隆人羧肽酶A1(carboxyrpeptidase A1，CPA1)活性中心基因，构建重组表达载体并对其进行诱导表达。方法：通过RT-PCR方法扩增出正常胰腺组织中CPA1活性中心基因，克隆入载体pGEM-Teasyr，测序分析．将该目的基因亚克隆于表达载体pGEX-4T-1，测序证实序列正确后转化大肠杆菌DH5α，经IPTG诱导表达重组蛋白。结果：获得了人CPA1活性中心基因，构建了重组表达质粒，表达的蛋白以SDS-PAGE分析，在Mr约46000处出现一条新生蛋白带，经凝胶薄层扫描检测，表达量约占菌体总蛋白的22．1％。结论：成功克隆人CPA1活性中心基因并得到了其原核表达产物，为获得分子量小而具有相似活性的蛋白奠定了基础。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.