可吸收肋骨钉在多发性肋骨折内固定中的应用

目的总结可吸收肋骨钉内固定治疗多发性肋骨骨折的手术方法、疗效及适应证。方法 2007年3月-2009年9月,采用可吸收肋骨钉行肋骨骨髓腔内固定术治疗多发性肋骨骨折40例。男32例,女8例;年龄25～72岁,平均39.8岁。致伤原因:交通事故伤32例,高处坠落伤6例,钝击伤2例。术前均经胸部X线片或多层螺旋CT三维重建检查确诊为多发性肋骨骨折并重叠移位,其中单侧连枷胸8例,双侧连枷胸1例。肋骨骨折4～10根,中位数6根;骨折范围为第2～10肋。合并外伤性血胸、气胸或血气胸28例,胸内脏器损伤5例,胸部以外合并伤10例。受伤至入院时间:<1d者26例,1～3d者12例,3～6d者2例;入院至手术时间3h～3d,平均1.2d。结果术中固定肋骨3～8根,中位数5根。手术时间15～50min,平均32min。患者卧床时间2～7d,平均4.5d;住院时间5～18d,平均11.2d。术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无肺部感染、肺不张或胸腔感染等并发症发生。患者均获随访,随访时间6～12个月,平均8个月。术后2h动脉血氧分压为(86.6±2.2)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa),与术前(53.6±4.7)mmHg比较,差异有统计学意义(t=2.971,P=0.005)。术后2h动脉血氧饱和度为97.2%±0.6%,与术前86.2%±1.8%比较,差异有统计学意义(t=2.426,P=0.020)。胸部X线片或多层螺旋CT三维重建复查示,术后3～6个月骨折均骨性愈合,平均4.5个月。结论对于多发性肋骨骨折应用可吸收肋骨钉治疗,手术操作简便、固定牢固,可获得较好疗效。     

可吸收肋骨钉治疗多发性肋骨骨折96例

目的：总结可吸收肋骨钉内固定治疗多发性肋骨骨折的方法、优点及注意事项。方法96例多发性肋骨骨折患者,采用可吸收肋骨钉在全麻下行手术内固定,随访评价效果。结果96例均获随访,平均时间7（1-15）个月。骨折于3-6月内均获骨性愈合。2例胸廓稍有不对称,其余均未发现有胸廓塌陷或畸形,胸部无明显疼痛,恢复良好。90例恢复受伤前体力劳动,余6例可生活自理。结论对于多发性肋骨骨折可考虑行内固定治疗;采用可吸收肋骨钉进行复位固定,方法简单易行,效果满意。     

可吸收肋骨钉治疗多发性肋骨骨折116例

目的总结可吸收肋骨钉内固定治疗多发性肋骨骨折的手术适应证、方法及其经验。方法116例多发性肋骨骨折患者,采用可吸收肋骨钉在全麻下行手术内固定。结果16例均获随访,平均时间7(1~15)个月。骨折于3~6月内均获骨性愈合。5例胸廓稍有不对称,其余均未发现有胸廓塌陷或畸形,胸部无明显疼痛,恢复良好。110例恢复术前体力劳动,6例生活可自理。结论对于严重胸壁塌陷的多发性肋骨骨折应行内固定治疗;采用可吸收肋骨钉进行复位固定,方法简单易行,疗效满意。     

应用可吸收肋骨固定钉治疗多根多段肋骨骨折20例报告

目的探讨应用可吸收肋骨固定钉手术治疗多根多段肋骨骨折合并胸壁不稳定的疗效。方法 2006年1月～2009年3月对20例多根多段肋骨骨折合并胸壁不稳定探查胸腔,处理胸腔内脏器损伤后显露骨折断端,选择相应型号的可吸收肋骨钉,以骨孔尺在肋骨骨折两断端髓腔扩髓,将可吸收肋骨钉两头置入髓腔,对合两端断肋解剖复位固定。结果手术时间50～180min,平均90min。术中出血量80～300ml,平均220ml。每例患者固定肋骨钉2～6枚。术后第1、2天出现肺不张1例,局限性胸腔积液2例,均经过对症处理后治愈。术后住院12～28d,平均21d。疗效评价:优16例,良3例,可1例,优良率95%(19/20)。20例随访3～12个月,平均6个月,术后1个月复查胸片,固定的骨折无一例再次移位;术后3个月复查胸片,骨折全部骨性愈合,未发现有胸廓塌陷,恢复体力劳动,情况良好,未发生其他并发症,可吸收肋骨钉6个月未吸收。结论对于胸外伤引起胸壁不稳定的多根多段肋骨骨折应用可吸收肋骨钉内固定治疗,疗效可靠。     

可吸收肋骨钉内固定术治疗多发性肋骨骨折41例报告

我院自2003年11月至2007年9月对41例多发性肋骨骨折患者实行手术可吸收肋骨钉内固定术(均为单纯性肋骨内固定手术),治疗效果满意,报道如下. 临床资料 1.一般资料:本组男28例,女13例,年龄21～66岁,平均(39.83±11.04)岁.摔伤4例,交通伤24例,暴力击打伤9例,挤压伤2例,塌方砸伤2例.其中合并血、气胸6例,肺挫伤14例,锁骨、四肢、骨盆及肩胛骨骨折5例,颅脑外伤2例,肾挫伤3例.14例为多根多处肋骨骨折,其中6例伴局部胸壁塌陷.X线胸片显示肋骨骨折处均在3根以上,以第4～8肋多见,骨折部位主要为侧、后肋骨骨折.     

电视胸腔镜联合肋骨接骨板治疗多发性肋骨骨折合并血胸36例

目的探讨电视胸腔镜联合肋骨接骨板治疗多发性肋骨骨折合并血胸的疗效。方法 2011年1月~2014年5月收治36例多发性肋骨骨折,合并血胸12例,血气胸24例,行电视胸腔镜探查、止血、清除胸腔内血凝块、修补肺损伤,定位肋骨骨折部位,切开复位,并采用肋骨接骨板行肋骨内固定术。结果胸壁畸形均矫正。随访3~12个月,平均8个月,胸部X线片显示肋骨接骨板无松动、断裂,无明显并发症发生,均临床治愈。结论应用胸腔镜联合肋骨接骨板治疗多发性肋骨骨折合并血胸,具有创伤小、操作简便、固定可靠、组织相容性好等优点,且有利于促进骨折愈合和呼吸功能改善,是治疗多发性肋骨骨折合并血胸有效的方法。     

连枷胸的手术治疗

目的：对多发性肋骨骨折可吸收钉内固定手术治疗的手术指征、手术方法进行讨论。方法：对20例多发性肋骨骨折采用可吸收钉在全麻下行手术内固定。结果：术后多数病人胸廓塌陷基本纠正,疼痛减轻,疗效满意。结论：对于严重胸壁塌陷的多发性肋骨骨折应行内固定治疗,用可吸收肋骨钉对部分肋骨骨折进行复位固定是简单有效的方法。     

胸腔镜在肋骨骨折中的应用

<正>肋骨骨折是胸部创伤最常见的形式,其中第4～9肋是骨折的好发部位。2005年6月至2007年5月,笔者对多发性肋骨骨折尤其对伴有连枷胸、血气胸、创伤性湿肺者,予以胸腔镜下用可吸收肋骨固定钉行肋骨骨髓腔内固定术,临床上取得满意疗效。     

两种内固定方法治疗多发性肋骨骨折的病例对照研究

目的探讨可吸收肋骨钉与记忆合金接骨板内固定两种方法治疗多发性肋骨骨折的效果。方法回顾性分析2009年1月至2014年1月在上海市第六人民医院胸外科行手术内固定的胸部外伤致多根多处肋骨骨折患者321例的临床资料,其中可吸收肋骨钉组70例,其中男62例、女8例,年龄(48.54±9.74)岁;记忆合金接骨板组251例,其中男187例、女64例,年龄(51.44±10.22)岁。分析两组患者疗效差异。结果两组患者术前疼痛评分(7.74±0.89 vs.7.66±0.92)、术后疼痛评分(3.80±0.79 vs.3.82±0.85),术后胸腔引流时间[(6.00±2.84)d vs.(5.68±2.98)d]差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。记忆合金接骨板组住院时间[(20.06±7.39)d vs.(17.77±7.68)d],及手术时间(101.29±30.67)min vs.(71.95±29.50)min]均短于可吸收肋骨钉组,且差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后3个月随访复查胸部X线,两组患者骨折再移位差异无统计学意义。结论可吸收肋骨钉与记忆合金接骨板均是治疗多发性肋骨骨折较理想的术式,记忆合金接骨板手术操作更为简单,可吸收肋骨钉手术无需在体内留置金属内固定装置,但固定强度较接骨板略差,应根据情况选择合适的内固定方法。     

可吸收张力带治疗老年髌骨骨折的疗效分析

目的 探讨可吸收钉和可吸收缝线组成的可吸收张力带内固定治疗老年髌骨骨折的临床疗效.方法 2007年7月至2009年9月收治12例60岁以上髌骨骨折患者,男6例,女6例;年龄60～82岁,平均71.2岁.粉碎性骨折3例,横形骨折9例,均有分离移位.受伤至手术时间为6 h～4 d,平均2.1 d.均采用可吸收钉加可吸收缝线组成的张力带内固定治疗.根据术后X线片评估患者骨折愈合情况,采用Lvsholm膝关节评分标准评定患者膝关节功能的恢复情况.结果 12例患者术后获3～12个月(平均6.5个月)随访.术后影像学检查示:12例患者骨折均愈合良好,骨折线基本于术后6～8周(平均7.3周)消失.根据Lysholm膝关节评分标准:优6例,良5例,可1例,优良率为91.7%.除1例术后出现下肢深静脉血栓形成外,其余11例患者无不良并发症发生.结论 可吸收张力带治疗老年髌骨骨折疗效良好,且具有无需二次手术取出内固定物的优点.     

Correlation of rib fracture patterns with abdominal solid organ injury: A retrospective observational cohort study

PurposeRib fractures are one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality and are associated with abdominal solid organ injury (ASOI). The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of ASOI with the number, location, and involved segments of rib fracture(s) in blunt chest trauma.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with blunt chest trauma over the age of 15 years, who were hospitalized with the diagnosis of rib fractures from July 2015 to September 2020. After ethic committee approval, a retrospective chart review was designed and patients with a diagnosis of rib fractures were selected. Patients who had chest and abdominopelvic CT scan were included in the study and additional data including age, gender, injury severity score, trauma mechanism, number and sides of the fractured ribs (left/right/bilateral), rib fracture segments (upper, middle, lower zone) and results of chest and abdominal spiral CT scan were recorded. The correlation between ASOI and the sides, segments and number of rib fracture(s) was assessed by Pearson's correlation coefficient.ResultsAltogether 1056 patients with rib fracture(s) were included. The mean age was (42.76 ± 13.35) years and 85.4% were male. The most common mechanism of trauma was car accident (34.6%). Most fractures occurred in the middle rib zone (60.44%) and the most commonly involved ribs were the 6th and 7th ones (15.7% and 16.4%, respectively). Concurrent abdominal injuries were observed in 103 patients (34.91%) and were significantly associated with middle zone rib fractures.ConclusionThere is a significant relationship between middle zone rib fractures and ASOI. Intra-abdominal injuries are not restricted to fractures of the lower ribs and thus should always be kept in mind during management of blunt trauma patients with rib fractures.     

基于深度学习人工智能辅助系统用于CT检出肋骨新鲜骨折

目的 观察基于深度学习的人工智能(AI)辅助系统用于CT检出肋骨新鲜骨折的效能。方法 由2名高年资影像科医师对1 000例急诊CT所示肋骨新鲜骨折患者进行逐层标注,再由另2名高年资医师进行审核;将图像导入深睿医疗Dr.Wise^®骨折CT影像辅助检测系统(简称Dw_AI)。于1 000例中随机抽取60例(40例肋骨新鲜骨折、20例无骨折)作为数据集2,以其余940例为数据集1(902例肋骨新鲜骨折、38例无骨折)。由1名影像科主任医师(CR)基于数据集1独立评估肋骨新鲜骨折,将其结果与Dw_AI结果进行对比,评估Dw_AI的效能。由2名低年资和2名中等年资医师参与多阅片者多病例(MRMC)临床试验,基于数据集2,分别于病灶、肋骨和患者级别评估Dw_AI辅助不同年资医师诊断的效能。结果 数据集1 全部940例中, 2 946支肋骨存在3 452处新鲜骨折;Dw_AI对各级别肋骨新鲜骨折的敏感度均高于CR(P均＜0.05)。数据集2全部60例中,112支肋骨存在123处新鲜骨折;Dw_AI辅助下,不同年资医师诊断各级别肋骨新鲜骨折的敏感度均有所提高(P均＜0.05)。结论 AI辅助系统用于CT检出肋骨新鲜骨折的效能较佳,且能提高医师、尤其低年资医师的诊断敏感度。     

The financial burden of rib fractures: National estimates 2007 to 2016

BackgroundThe aim of this study is to define the cost of rib fracture hospitalization by single, multiple, and flail type using a nationally representative sample.MethodsThe national inpatient sample (NIS) was used to identify patients with a primary diagnosis of rib fracture hospitalization 2007-2016. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) and Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes were used to characterize patients as having single, multiple, or flail chest rib fractures. Patients with only trauma related diagnosis groups (DRG) at the time discharge were included in the final sample. The cost of hospitalization was obtained by converting reported charges into cost using the all-payer inpatient cost-to-charge ratio (CCR) for all hospitals in the NIS data. The log of cost was modeled using multivariate linear regression. The rib fracture type was the primary predictor in the model.ResultsThere were 373,053 rib fracture admissions during 2007-2016. The average cost per hospitalization was $10,169 (95%Confidence Interval [CI]: 9,942–10,395), which translated into a national expenditure of $3.64 billion over 10 years. The cost of rib fracture hospitalization increased from $209 million in 2007 to $469 million in 2016. Compared to single rib fracture patients, the cost of hospitalization for multiple rib fractures and flail chest was 3% (p = 0.001) and 5% (p=0.02) higher, respectively. Higher injury severity score, total number of body regions injured and longer length of stay were associated with higher rib fracture hospitalization cost.ConclusionsRib fractures affect ~22,000-45,000 people per year in the United States. The cost of rib fractures is over $469 million per year and is increasing over time. Multiple rib fractures and flail chest rib fractures are associated with increased cost. Pathways to improve care in patients with rib fractures should consider the cost of treatment.     

完全电视胸腔镜外科手术治疗胸部创伤并多发肋骨骨折临床分析

目的探讨完全电视胸腔镜外科手术(VATS)对胸部创伤并多发肋骨骨折病例在完成探查、修补，以及同期微创治疗肋骨骨折的手术方式及疗效。 方法对2016年1月至2018年11月收治的22例多根多处肋骨骨折合并创伤性血气胸、进行性血胸、连枷胸、膈肌破裂、胸腔内异物等需胸腔镜探查的胸部创伤患者，在电视胸腔镜下完成胸内手术的同期、同切口行微创治疗肋骨骨折。 结果22例患者均顺利"借助"主和/或副操作孔，不切断胸部肌肉，"隧道式"游离、固定多发肋骨骨折，无中转开胸病例，其中3例增加脊柱旁纵切口。术后并发症包括切口延期愈合3例，经全身抗炎治疗、局部换药痊愈；肺漏气1例，加强胸腔引流的管理，第7天拔除胸腔闭式引流管。所有患者肋骨固定可靠，愈合良好。术后肋间神经痛1例，胸部麻木感3例，局部胸膜增厚6例。 结论具有胸腔镜探查指征、并多根多处肋骨骨折的胸部创伤，利用胸腔镜切口，在不增加额外损伤的基础上，同期固定骨折的肋骨，安全可行，能明显减轻疼痛，具有并发症少、恢复快的优点。     

四肢多发骨折并发胸腔积液的危险因素分析

目的:探讨四肢骨折合并胸腔积液的危险因素,为预防胸腔积液的发生提供参考。方法：自2010年1月至2019年12月采用手术治疗的137例四肢多发骨折患者,男102例,女35例,年龄16~92（48.34±15.85）岁。四肢多发骨折定义为全身有两处以上的四肢骨折,所有入选患者术前具有完整的临床,影像及实验室检查资料,包括术前胸部CT,性别,年龄,体质量指数（body mass index,BMI）,红细胞压积（hematocrit,HCT）,美国麻醉医师协会（American Society of Anesthesiologists,ASA）分级,创伤严重度评分（injury severity score,ISS）,吸烟史,手术史,糖尿病史,高血压史,入院至手术时间,骨折部位,血小板计数,白蛋白,C-反应蛋白和D-二聚体等因素。记录患者是否合并胸腔积液,计算胸腔积液量,并对相关危险因素进行统计学分析。结果：四肢骨折均接受了手术治疗,术后患者切口愈合良好,无伤口感染和急性肺损伤或急性呼吸窘迫综合征等并发症出现。通过多因素回归分析示：ISS>16分（P=0.000）、吸烟史（P=0.001）和肋骨骨折（P=0.000）是四肢多发骨折合并胸腔积液的危险因素。多因素线性回归分析显示：吸烟史,ISS及肋骨骨折是四肢多发骨折胸腔积液量增多的危险因素。结论：四肢多发骨折合并胸腔积液与ISS、吸烟史以及肋骨骨折相关;胸腔积液量与吸烟史、ISS及肋骨骨折有关。对ISS>16分,有吸烟史或合并肋骨骨折的多发骨折患者应提高警惕,尽早干预,降低合并胸腔积液量的风险。     

可吸收线网兜样编织结合张力带钢丝在髌骨下极粉碎性骨折中的临床应用

目的:探讨可吸收线网兜样编织结合张力带钢丝固定治疗髌骨下极粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法 :自2012年1月至2016年12月,采用可吸收线网兜样编织结合张力带钢丝治疗髌骨下极粉碎性骨折80例,其中男45例,女35例;年龄25～60(45.0±2.0)岁,所有骨折为新鲜闭合性骨折。术后6周采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、膝关节屈伸活动范围评估手术预后,术后12个月采用膝关节HSS评分进行疗效评价。结果:患者手术时间(50.2±10.1) min,出血量(20.3±5.2) ml。术后40例患者获得随访,时间12～24(16.0±0.5)个月。术后6周VAS评分为1.8±0.4,膝关节屈伸活动范围为(120.6±1.5)°。所有骨折获得骨性愈合,时间(3.0±0.8)个月。术后12个月膝关节HSS评分95.6±0.6。结论:可吸收线网兜样编织结合张力带钢丝固定治疗髌骨下极粉碎性骨折具有操作简单、固定可靠、能够恢复髌骨解剖形态,可早期功能锻炼达到快速康复,愈后效果良好等优点,是治疗髌骨下极粉碎性骨折的理想方法之一。     

单孔胸腔镜辅助肋骨骨折内固定术

目的总结单孔胸腔镜辅助外伤多发性肋骨骨折内固定手术30例的临床经验。 方法分别于2011年10月至2012年3月、2013年12月至2014年5月在两个单位完成单孔胸腔镜辅助肋骨骨折内固定手术30例。胸外伤原因：车祸15例,工伤8例,摔伤5例(包括骑马坠落伤3例),斗殴2例。所有患者为肋骨多根或多处骨折,肋骨骨折数>3根,最多双侧14根肋骨骨折。前20例应用镍钛合金形状记忆肋骨环抱接骨板,后10例应用纯钛接骨板,均可满意固定肋骨骨折端。通过单孔胸腔镜清除胸腔内血块、切割缝合器闭合肺裂伤。胸腔镜灯光可以精确引导并切开皮肤和胸壁组织,行内固定术。术中通过胸腔镜单孔放置胸腔闭式引流管。 结果全组患者围手术期无死亡病例,术后平均住院5.8 d,均康复出院。随访至今除有3例患者内固定处疼痛需处理外,其余患者均安全存活。 结论单孔胸腔镜辅助肋骨骨折内固定术是更精确、创伤更小,兼顾胸腔内处理的手术方法。     

Pilot study of operative fixation of fractured ribs in patients with flail chest

Background: Flail chest is a serious injury in trauma with a significant mortality rate, and long‐term pain and disability. Traditionally, management has consisted of internal pneumatic splinting, leading to prolonged periods of mechanical ventilation, and its attendant complications. The aim of this study was to assess the safety of operative fixation of broken ribs in flail chest using absorbable prostheses. Methods: Thirteen consecutive patients with severe flail chest injury were enrolled in this pilot study. Surgery was planned after viewing three‐dimensional reconstructions of the computed tomography scans of the chest. The plates were applied to the external cortical surface of the rib after reducing the fracture. Segmentally fractured ribs were usually plated only once to convert the flail segment to simple fractured ribs and correct the paradoxical wall motion abnormality. Results: All patients had a good surgical result. On average, four ribs were fixed per patient. All patients were able to be weaned from mechanical ventilation and all patients were discharged from the hospital. There were no deaths. No plates had to be removed. In all patients, the flail chest was successfully stabilized and paradoxical chest wall movement was eliminated. Conclusion: This pilot study of operative fixation of broken ribs in patients with flail chest, using absorbable plates and screws, has shown the technique to be safe and effective. On the basis of these results, a prospective randomized trial has commenced at The Alfred Hospital, comparing this management strategy with conservative management.     

Absorbable plates for rib fracture repair: preliminary experience

BACKGROUND: Absorbable prostheses are currently used in a variety of bone reconstructions and fixations. METHODS: This is a case series of rib fracture fixation using absorbable plates and screws consisting of 70:30 poly(L-lactide-co-D,L-lactide) from April 2001 through November 2002. RESULTS: Ten patients underwent rib fracture fixation with absorbable plates and screws. Indications included flail chest with failure to wean (five patients), acute pain with instability (four patients), and chest wall defect (one patient). All patients with flail chest weaned from mechanical ventilation successfully. All patients with pain and instability reported rapid subjective improvement or resolution. The patient with a chest wall defect repair returned to full athletic activity without limitations at 6 months. Thoracoscopic assistance was used in three cases and muscle-sparing incisions were used in eight cases. Two patients with screw fixation only developed loss of rib fracture reduction. One patient developed a wound infection requiring drainage. The period of follow-up ranged from 3 to 18 months. CONCLUSION: Absorbable plates produce good clinical results and are an option for rib fracture repair. Two-point fixation (screw fixation plus suture cerclage) is required. Further refinements in technique should focus on minimally invasive methods.