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1.
陈莹  罗亚虹  伍彩虹 《中国药师》2010,13(12):1779-1781
目的:建立洛芬葡锌那敏片的质量标准。方法:采用HPLC法测定洛芬葡锌那敏片中布洛芬和马来酸氯苯那敏的含量及含量均匀度。结果:马来酸氯苯那敏、布洛芬分别在0.42~8.32μg·ml^-1(r=0.9999),30.16~603.20μg·ml^-1(r=0.9999)范围内有良好的线性关系,平均回收率分别为101.8%(RSD=1.0%,n=9),101.6%(RSD=1.1%,n=9)。结论:该方法简便、快速、准确,可以有效地控制药品质量。  相似文献   

2.
赵霓  朱莹 《中国药师》2011,14(7):1004-1005
目的:建立HPLC法测定愈创维林那敏片中愈创甘油醚、枸橼酸喷托维林和马来酸氯苯那敏含量的方法。方法:色谱柱为InertsilODS-3(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为l%三乙胺溶液(用磷酸调节pH至3.0)-甲醇(45:55),检测波长215nm,流速1.0ml·min^-1,柱温35℃,进样量20μl。结果:愈创甘油醚、枸橼酸喷托维林和马来酸氯苯那敏的线性范围分别为18.2~42.5μg·ml^-1(r=1.0000)、89.5—208.9μ·ml^-1。(r=0.9999)和17.8~41.4μg·ml^-1(r=0.9999),平均回收率分别为100.8%(RSD:1.3%),100.6%(RSD=0.5%)和101.7%(RSD=1.5%)。结论:本方法简便、准确、专属性强,可用于愈创维林那敏片的质量控制。  相似文献   

3.
林瑞群 《中国药师》2009,12(4):479-481
目的:建立HPLC法同时测定小儿氨酚黄那敏片中对乙酰氨基酚和马来酸氯苯那敏含量。方法:采用HypersilC18(150mm×4.6mm,5μm)色谱柱,甲醇-0.05mol·L^-1磷酸二氢钾溶液-三乙胺(10:90:0.02)(用磷酸调pH=3.4)为流动相,检测波长为216nm,柱温为30℃,流速为1.0ml·min^-1,进样量为20μl。结果:对乙酰氨基酚、马来酸氯苯那敏分别在40.08-240.48μg·ml^-1(r=0.9992)和0.37~2.21μg·ml^-1(r=0.9971)浓度范围内呈现出良好的线性关系;方法平均回收率分别为99.75%和98.95%;RSD分别为0.23%和0.36%。结论:该方法简便、快速,两组分分离度好,其他成分无干扰,测定结果准确可靠,可作为该制剂质量控制的有效方法。  相似文献   

4.
HPLC法测定咳特灵胶囊(片)中马来酸氯苯那敏的含量   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 为了控制咳特灵胶囊(片)的质量,建立马来酸氯苯那敏的含量测定方法。方法 HPLC测定马来酸氯苯那敏的含量,用Kromasil C18柱,流动相为乙腈-3%冰乙酸-三乙胺(20:80:0.08),醋酸调节pH:3.0;检测波长262nm;流速1.5ml/min。结果 马来酸氯苯那敏在81~408μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),平均回收率为98.1%。RSD:0.67%。结论 本法方便、快速、准确、可作为咳特灵胶囊(片)的质量控制。  相似文献   

5.
目的:建立高效液相色谱法同时测定氨咖黄敏胶囊中对乙酰氨基酚、咖啡因和马来酸氯苯那敏3种组分体外溶出速率的方法。色谱柱为Xtimate C18(4.6mm ×250mm,5μm),流动相为1%醋酸溶液(用二乙胺调节pH值至3.7)-甲醇(62∶38),检测波长为260nm,柱温40℃。结果线性范围分别为对乙酰氨基酚2.794~8.382μg(r=0.9999);咖啡因0.173~0.519μg(r=1.0000);马来酸氯苯那敏0.01105~0.03315μg(r=0.9984)。平均回收率(n=9)依次为乙酰氨基酚100.11%(RSD=1.19%);咖啡因100.09%(RSD=0.31%);马来酸氯苯那敏99.9%(RSD=1.18%)。结论3种组分分离效果均较好,其他组分和辅料无干扰,本方法用于氨咖黄敏胶囊中3种组分的溶出度测定切实可行。  相似文献   

6.
目的建立反相离子对高效液相色谱法同时测定萘敏维滴眼液中盐酸萘甲唑林和马来酸氯苯那敏的含量。方法色谱柱:Kromasil ODS(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相:辛烷磺酸钠枸橼酸溶液(取辛烷磺酸钠2.23g,枸橼酸3.8g,加水1000ml溶解,用2mol·L^-1氢氧化钠溶液调节pH值至3.0)-乙腈(65∶35),流速:1.0ml·min^-1,检测波长:280nm,柱温:40℃。结果线性范围:盐酸萘甲唑林为5.12μg·ml^-1~51.2μg·ml^-1,r=0.999,马来酸氯苯那敏为50.16μg·ml^-1~501.6μg·ml^-1,r=0.999。平均回收率分别为99.9%(RSD=0.7%,n=9)和100.0%(RSD=0.6%,n=9)。结论该方法简便、准确、重现性好。可用来测定本品中盐酸萘甲唑林和马来酸氯苯那敏的含量。  相似文献   

7.
目的:建立HPLC法测定茶新那敏片中马来酸氯苯那敏的含量及含量均匀度。方法:采Aglient C18(150mm×4.6mm,5μm),以甲醇-0.01mol·L^-1磷酸二氢钾溶液-0.02mol·L^-1庚烷磺酸钠溶液(58.5:35.5:6)为流动相,柱温为30℃,流速1.0ml·min^-1,检测波长为264nm。结果:马来酸氯苯那敏在20~120μg·ml^-1的范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9999,平均回收率103.6%,RSD为1.6%(n=6)。结论建议增加片中马来酸氯苯那敏的含量测定及含量均匀度检查。  相似文献   

8.
刘晓琳 《安徽医药》2003,7(2):133-134
目的 建立用高效液相色谱法测定感宁胶囊中马来酸氯苯那敏的含量及含量均匀度的方法。方法 采用Shim—Pack VP-ODS柱,以甲醇-庚烷磺酸钠醋酸混合溶液为流动相,检测波长为226nm。结果 马来酸氯苯那敏浓度线性范围0.108-0.648μg(r=0.9998),平均加样回收率为98.87%,RSD为1.47%。结论 本法简便、准确,可用于该制剂的质量控制。  相似文献   

9.
HPLC法测定速感宁胶囊中马来酸氯苯那敏的含量   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的建立HPLC法测定感宁胶囊中马来酸氯苯那敏的含量的方法。方法采用AgilentEclipseXDB—C18柱(4.6250mm,5μm),以甲醇:0.25%磷酸溶液(25:75)为流动相,检测波长为262nm。结果马来酸氯苯那敏进样量在0.0974~0.4868μg(r=0.9995)范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为99.10%,RSD=1.96%(n=6)。结论该方法简便、准确,可用于速感宁胶囊中的马来酸氯苯那敏的质量控制。  相似文献   

10.
目的:建立HPLC法同时测定氨金黄敏颗粒中对乙酰氨基酚和马来酸氯苯那敏的含量及马来酸氯苯那敏含量均匀度。 方法:色谱柱为Grace Alltima C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm);以三乙胺溶液(取三乙胺1mL,加水1000mL,用磷酸调节pH值至2.6)-乙腈(82:18)为流动相;检测波长为222nm(马来酸氯苯那敏)、245nm(对乙酰氨基酚);进样量为10μL。结果:对乙酰氨基酚在6~125μg.mL-1、马来酸氯苯那敏在4~103μg.mL-1范围内与峰面积均呈良好线性关系,分别为r =1.0000(n=5)、r = 0.9999(n=5);对乙酰氨基酚的平均回收率为99.6%,RSD%为2.17%(n=9);马来酸氯苯那敏的平均回收率为102.6%,RSD%为1.52%(n=9)。收集的5家生产企业10批样品,测得对乙酰氨基酚标示含量99.4%~103.5%,马来酸氯苯那敏标示含量84.8%~99.7%,马来酸氯苯那敏含量均匀度A+2.2S为6.0~26.0,其中3批A+S大于15.0。结论:本法能同时测定氨金黄敏颗粒中对乙酰氨基酚、马来酸氯苯那敏的含量,以及马来酸氯苯那敏含量均匀度,专属准确,为氨金黄敏颗粒质量标准的完善和提高提供依据。  相似文献   

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12.
Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.
Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.
  相似文献   

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This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine.  相似文献   

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Abstract

The uptake of metals from food and water sources by insects is thought to be additive. For a given metal, the proportions taken up from water and food will depend both on the bioavailable concentration of the metal associated with each source and the mechanism and rate by which the metal enters the insect. Attempts to correlate insect trace metal concentrations with the trophic level of insects should be made with a knowledge of the feeding relationships of the individual taxa concerned. Pathways for the uptake of essential metals, such as copper and zinc, exist at the cellular level, and other nonessential metals, such as cadmium, also appear to enter via these routes. Within cells, trace metals can be bound to proteins or stored in granules. The internal distribution of metals among body tissues is very heterogeneous, and distribution patterns tend to be both metal and taxon specific. Trace metals associated with insects can be both bound on the surface of their chitinous exoskeleton and incorporated into body tissues. The quantities of trace meals accumulated by an individual reflect the net balance between the rate of metal influx from both dissolved and particulate sources and the rate of metal efflux from the organism. The toxicity of metals has been demonstrated at all levels of biological organization: cell, tissue, individual, population, and community. Much of the literature pertaining to the toxic effects of metals on aquatic insects is based on laboratory observations and, as such, it is difficult to extrapolate the data to insects in nature. The few experimental studies in nature suggest that trace metal contaminants can affect both the distribution and the abundance of aquatic insects. Insects have a largely unexploited potential as biomonitors of metal contamination in nature. A better understanding of the physico-chemical and biological mechanisms mediating trace metal bioavailability and exchange will facilitate the development of general predictive models relating trace metal concentrations in insects to those in their environment. Such models will facilitate the use of insects as contaminant biomonitors.  相似文献   

17.
The precocity and efficacy of the vaccines developed so far against COVID-19 has been the most significant and saving advance against the pandemic. The development of vaccines has not prevented, during the whole period of the pandemic, the constant search for therapeutic medicines, both among existing drugs with different indications and in the development of new drugs. The Scientific Committee of the COVID-19 of the Illustrious College of Physicians of Madrid wanted to offer an early, simplified and critical approach to these new drugs, to new developments in immunotherapy and to what has been learned from the immune response modulators already known and which have proven effective against the virus, in order to help understand the current situation.  相似文献   

18.
In order to find out the values of the steroid resources for the future use. the compositions and contents of steroidal sapogenins from 13 domestic plants have been investigated. As a result,Dioscorea nipponica, D. quinqueloba andSmilax china were found to have large amount of diosgenin. And pennogenin inTrillium kamtschaticum andParis verticillata, yuccagenin inAllium fistulosum, hecogenin inAgave americana and neochlorogenin inSolanum nigum were appeared to be major steroidal sapogenins.  相似文献   

19.
Advances in the molecular biological knowledge of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have led to a growing interest by the pharmaceutical industry in the development of novel compounds that selectively modulate nAChR function. The ability of (-)-nicotine, an activator of nAChRs, to enhance attentional aspects of cognition in animals and humans, to exert neuroprotective and anxiolytic-like effects, and presumably to mediate the negative correlation between smoking and Alzheimer's (and Parkinson's) Disease, has focused interest on the potential therapeutic utility of modulators of nAChR function for treatment of some of the deficits associated with these progressive, neurodegenerative conditions. Numerous compounds are known which activate nAChRs and which might serve as lead compounds toward the development of such agents. The pharmacologic diversity of neuronal nAChR subtypes suggests the possibility of developing selective compounds which would have more favourable side-effect profiles than existing agents. This broader class of agents, collectively called cholinergic channel modulators (ChCMs), is anticipated to encompass compounds which would have more favourable side-effect profiles than existing agents, which generally exhibit low selectivity. This selectivity may be achieved by preferentially activating some subtypes of nAChRs (i.e., Cholinergic Channel Activators, ChCAs) or inhibiting the function of other subtypes (Cholinergic Channel Inhibitors, ChCIs). An overview of the biology of nAChRs and the rationale for the use of ChCMs for the treatment of dementia related to neurodegenerative diseases are presented, followed by a discussion of lead compounds and compounds under consideration for clinical evaluation.  相似文献   

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