主动脉夹层动脉瘤的外科治疗

回顾性地对１９９０～１９９５年收治的６１例主动脉夹层动脉瘤资料进行分析，探讨其手术治疗原则及治疗效果。其中ＤｅＢａｋｅｙⅠ、Ⅱ型３１例，Ⅲ型３０例。手术治疗４１例，非手术２０例，非手术２０例中１０例在等待手术期间因室颤和心衰死亡５例，突发夹层瘤破裂死亡５例；另外１０例中，２例动脉瘤破裂包裹保守治疗，２例因肾功能严重受损未手术，６例不接受手术出院。非手术组住院死亡率为５０％。手术治疗４１例中ＤｅＢａｋｅｙⅠ、Ⅱ型手术２３例，２０例行Ｂｅｎｔａｌｌ术，３例行Ｗｈｅａｔ术，手术死亡３例，手术死亡率１３％，术后５年死亡率为２０％。ＤｅＢａｋｅｙⅢ型手术１８例，手术死亡２例，死亡率１１．１％，５年死亡率为１２％。故作者认为，主动脉夹层动脉瘤病人应积极手术治疗，ＤｅＢａｋｅｙⅠ、Ⅱ型急性期应手术治疗，Ⅲ型如果无不可控制的高血压、无不能制止的疼痛、瘤体扩大不明显，或有重要脏器缺血受累外，应先严密监测、控制血压，做必要检查后择期手术。     

15例主动脉夹层动脉瘤的外科治疗

目的 总结１９９２年６月至１９９８年６月对１５例主动脉夹层动脉瘤病人的外科治疗经验。方法 采用Ｃａｂｒｏｌ手术６例,Ｂｅｎｔａｌｌ手术４例,升主动脉与腹主动脉搭桥转流手术４例。升主动脉夹层缝闭加主动脉瓣成形１例。结果 １４例生存,１例Ｂｅｎｔａｌｌ手术左冠状动脉吻合口出血者死亡。结论ＤｅＢａｋｅｙ Ⅱ型病人,当冠状动脉开口直接缝合于带瓣管道上有困难时,采用Ｃａｂｒｏｌ手术有其优点－采用１根８ｍｍ直     

38例胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤外科手术体外循环体会

胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤是严重威胁病人生命的常见主动脉病变〔1〕。由于病变部位影响体外循环的正常进行、要求血管吻合技术较高等原因 ,胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤外科手术难度较大。我科自 1991年 12月至 1999年 1月为 38例胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤病人 ,在体外循环下施行了外科手术治疗 ,现就手术及体外循环有关问题总结如下。临床资料　本组 38例中男 36例 ,女 2例 ;年龄 19～ 71岁 ,平均 (43 2 4± 13 2 3)岁 ;病程 1～ 132个月 ,平均 (2 3 16±36 32 )个月。按ＤｅＢａｋｅｙ分型 :Ｉ型 9例、ＩＩ型 2 3例、ＩＩＩＡ 3例、ＩＩＩＢ 3例。发病原因除 …     

覆膜血管支架治疗DebakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层

目的探讨覆膜血管支架治疗DebakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层的疗效。方法2001年6月～2006年7月,经CT增强扫描确诊DebakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层31例。切开右或左侧股动脉置入覆膜血管内支架,封堵原发破口,置入后重复造影检查。结果支架置入全部成功,术后即可造影27例无内漏,4例轻度内漏。术后早期1例出现左上肢缺血,1例截瘫,其余患者无支架移位与远端脏器缺血。术后半年复查CT增强扫描,31例均示支架段内假腔消失,血栓形成。术后半年4例轻度内漏均好转;1例术后4年出现支架近端严重内漏,行开胸手术治疗。结论覆膜支架腔内修复术是治疗DebakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层的有效方法,但远期效果有待进一步观察。     

外科治疗DeBakey Ⅲ型主动脉夹层动脉瘤17例

2000年1月至2004年12月我们对17例DeBakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层动脉瘤病人进行了手术治疗,现总结报道如下.     

血管腔内治疗主动脉夹层和夹层动脉瘤

目的 探讨血管腔内治疗主动脉夹层和夹层动脉瘤的技术方法和疗效。方法 对20例主动脉夹层和夹层动脉瘤患者的临床资料进行分析。Stanford A型2例,其中1例内膜撕裂口位于升主动脉。Stanford B型18例。5例在不同部位有2个以上撕裂口。全组均以带膜支架型人工血管腔内植入行隔绝术。其中1例加作腹主动脉开窗和人工血管置换术,1例先行升主动脉．左锁骨下动脉和左颈总动脉Y形人工血管旁路术,再行腔内隔绝术。结果 无一例患者术中死亡,术后3d 1例Stanford B型患者死于心肌梗死,其余19例健康存活,生存率95％。术后随访1—20个月,各例主动脉夹层和动脉瘤均消失,无内漏,各器官灌注良好。结论 血管腔内植入带膜支架型人工血管是治疗主动脉夹层和夹层动脉瘤的简便、安全而有效的方法。手术死亡率低,手术成功率和生存率高。     

主动脉夹层和夹层动脉瘤的研究进展

在纪念ＣｈａｒｌｅｓＤｕｂｏｓｔ开创性的工作 5 0周年的时候 ,我们看到主动脉夹层动脉瘤切除和移植手术在全球得到推广 ,数以百万计的患者得到了治疗 ,且在近 10余年中进入了微创外科的新时期。常规手术治疗死亡率已降到 5 %以下 ,5 0年间实现了一个难以想象的飞跃 ,但主动脉夹层性病变却迥然不同。近 2 0年来随着影像学的发展 ,诊断该病已无问题 ;但对其基本概念 ,尤其是如何治疗问题 ,即便在医学界的了解也并不充分 ,而如何根治此病则又是未解决的问题。Ｍｏｒｇａｇｎｉ于 176 1年叙述了主动脉外膜下血肿。182 2年Ｓｈｅｋｅｌｔｏｎ…     

升主动脉夹层动脉瘤手术麻醉与体外循环管理

我院于 1999年 6月至 2 0 0 2年 1月应用深低温停循环(ＤＨＣＡ)技术成功地为 3例升主动脉瘤患者施行人工血管置换术 ,现报告如下。资料与方法一般资料　例 1,男 ,5 5岁 ,头昏 ,心悸 ,突感胸部压榨痛 ,出冷汗 2小时。ＢＰ 2 2 / 8ｋＰａ ,心率 90次 /分。ＥＣＧ示ＳＴ Ｔ改变 ,左心扩大。心脏彩色多谱勒超声心动图报告升主动脉夹层动脉瘤。胸部ＣＴ示升主动脉分离假腔。诊断 :急性升主动脉夹层动脉瘤 (Ⅱ型 ) ;高血压病Ⅲ期。行升主动脉及右半弓人工血管置换术。例 2 ,女 ,32岁 ,无诱因突发剑突下绞痛 ,放射至后背正中伴呕吐。ＢＰ 10 13/ …     

腔内修复术治疗胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤

目的 探讨应用支架人工血管行腔内修复术治疗胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤的临床效果.方法 回顾性分析采用腔内修复术治疗胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤32例患者的临床资料.男26例,女6例;平均年龄61岁.术前根据CTA结果 确诊,并对病变部位及解剖条件进行评估.手术在DSA监控下进行,全麻或局麻,应用Telent 8例(美敦力公司),国产支架24例(2例上海微创,22例北京裕恒佳).结果 7例破口距左锁骨下动脉开口＜1.0 cm,3例将覆膜支架跨过左锁骨下动脉开口将其封闭后,夹层动脉瘤消失,无上肢及脑缺血症状.治愈31例,死亡1例.31例夹层动脉瘤患者随访3～56个月均健在,其中5例CTA复查有内漏存在.结论 EVAR手术为夹层动脉瘤的治疗开辟了一个新的方法 ,具有比传统手术并发症少、病死率低等优点.在Stanford B型夹层动脉瘤的治疗中,EVAR可代替传统的开胸手术.     

乌司他丁对主动脉夹层术后急性肺损伤治疗效果的研究

目的:探讨乌司他丁对主动脉夹层术后急性肺损伤(ALI)的治疗作用.方法:将2009年与2010年主动脉夹层术后出现ALI的18例和21例患者分别设为常规治疗组和乌司他丁治疗组.针对ALI,常规治疗组给予常规治疗,乌司他丁治疗组在常规治疗基础上应用乌司他丁300 kU+生理盐水100 ml静脉滴注,每日1次,连用3 d....     

主动脉弓部瘤及降主动脉瘤的手术治疗

目的总结主动脉弓部瘤及降主动脉瘤的外科治疗经验.方法13例主动脉弓部瘤及降主动脉瘤病人中男8例,女5例.年龄(62.6±8.3)岁.动脉瘤的最大直径为45～68?mm,平均(58.1±7.3)?mm.体外循环方式有完全体外循环、部分体外循环、选择性脑灌注(SCP)、深低温停循环(HCA)及逆行性脑灌注(RCP).6例弓部动脉瘤及3例急性StanfordA型夹层动脉瘤在HCA和SCP下行全弓部置换术;1例StanfordB型夹层动脉瘤在HCA和RCP下行血管置换;3例真性降主动脉瘤中,2例在部分体外循环下,1例在HCA下行血管置换,其中2例行肋间动脉重建.采用的外科吻合技术有开放吻合和阻断瘤体两侧进行吻合两种.结果本组无手术死亡及脊髓损伤.发生2例脑梗塞,无肾功能不全者.结论主动脉弓部瘤及降主动脉瘤手术时,体外循环方式的选择和适当的外科吻合技术是手术成功的两个最重要因素.     

Surgical treatment of the aortic aneursysm

For 93 cases of thoracic and 118 cases of abdominal aneurysms, the over-all operative mortality rate was 24.7 per cent and 9.3 per cent, respectively. Although the over-all operative mortality rate for 37 patients with aneurysms of the ascending aorta or aortic arch had been 40.5 per cent, recent advances in surgical technique led to a higher survival rate so that since 1975 no death occurred among 14 consecutive surgery cases. Cardiopulmonary bypass with or without selective perfusion of the carotid arteries or temporary external bypass procedures were employed in these 14 cases. The over-all operative mortality rate for 56 patients with aneurysms of the descending thoracic aorta was 14.3 per cent. Temporary external bypass prodedures were employed in 49 cases. The operative mortality rate for 99 patients with unruptured abdominal aneurysms was five per cent, and that for 19 patients with ruptured aneurysms was 31.5 per cent.     

Surgical treatment for coronary artery aneurysm

Two successful cases of the surgical treatment for coronary artery aneurysm (non-Kawasaki disease) were reported. The first case had a saccular aneurysm on the left circumflex coronary artery (LCx) #14. Resection of the LCx aneurysm was performed subsequent to single vessel coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) to the distal portion of LCx#14 under the cardioplegic cardiac arrest. The second case had aneurysms on both the left anterior descending artery (LAD) #7 (fusiform) and the LCx#11 (saccular). After double vessel CABG to LAD#7 and LCx#11, ligation or resection of two aneurysms was performed successfully. Postoperative courses have been uneventful with good angiographic results achieved. Since these surgical procedures demonstrated safety, the patients are expected to achieve a good long-term prognosis.     

Surgical treatment for coronary artery aneurysm

Two successful cases of the surgical treatment for coronary artery aneurysm (non-Kawasaki disease) were reported. The first case had a saccular aneurysm on the left circumflex coronary artery (LCx) #14. Resection of the LCx aneurysm was performed subsequent to single vessel coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) to the distal portion of LCx#14 under the cardioplegic cardiac arrest. The second case had aneurysms on both the left anterior descending artery (LAD) #7 (fusiform) and the LCx#11 (saccular). After double vessel CABG to LAD#7 and LCx#11, ligation or resection of two aneurysms was performed successfully. Postoperative courses have been uneventful with good angiographic results achieved. Since these surgical procedures demonstrated safety, the patients are expected to achieve a good long-term prognosis.     

Isolated dissecting aneurysm of the common iliac artery: Report of a case

Isolated dissecting aneurysms of the peripheral arteries which are not accompanied by a dissecting aneurysm of the aorta are rarely observed. We report herein the unusual case of a 54-year-old man in whom an isolated common iliac aneurysm was found to be caused by isolated dissecting aneurysms of the left common iliac artery.     

Treatment of dissecting basilar artery aneurysm by flow reversal

Summary Dissecting aneurysm of the basilar artery is a rare but increasingly recognized entity, with a frequently fatal or morbid outcome. Unlike the well established proximal occlusion and trapping approaches to vertebral artery dissections, surgical intervention for basilar lesions has been limited to wrapping techniques for arterial wall reinforcement. We report a case of midbasilar dissecting aneurysm successfully treated by clipping the proximal basilar artery below the level of the anterior inferior cerebellar arteries, allowing retrograde flow via the posterior communicating arteries to provide continued basilar perfusion. With the growing recognition of basilar dissection and pseudoaneurysm formation there is a need for improved therapeutic options. We suggest that definitive treatment can be achieved using the principle of proximal occlusion and flow reversal, and review the pertinent literature on basilar artery dissection.