陈氏绕肝提拉法在巨大肿瘤右半肝切除术中的应用

目的 评价陈氏绕肝提拉法在右半肝切除术中的应用价值.方法 右肝巨大肿瘤行右半肝切除时,采取陈氏绕肝提拉法经下腔静脉右侧放置提肝带,离断肝实质的过程中通过牵拉提肝带辅助肝切除.结果 全组共32例右肝巨大肿瘤患者行右半肝切除术,其中前入路肝切除15例,经典入路17例.术中均成功放置提肝带,放置和牵拉过程中无肝短静脉撕裂和大出血等相关并发症.32例肝切除术的肝实质离断时间约25～45 min,肝门阻断时间约20～32 min,术中出血量300～1 300ml.所有患者无围手术期死亡.结论 陈氏绕肝提拉法有助于右半肝切除术中手术野的显露,缩短肝实质离断时间,减少肝实质离断过程中的出血;且其操作简单、使用安全、适用范围广泛.     

前入路右半肝切除技术探讨（附12例）

目的探讨前入路右半肝切除术在巨块型肝癌中应用的安全性及可行性。方法对12例用常规手术方法难以切除的肝右叶巨块型肝癌用前入路的方法行肝切除,进行回顾性分析。结果本组12例前入路行右半肝切除,手术均获得成功。术中平均出血量850ml,手术至出院时间14d。术后并发胆瘘1例,治愈出院。本组无手术死亡。结论 对于巨块型肝癌施行前入路规则性半肝切除术是安全、可行的。     

前入路绕肝提拉法在难切右半肝切除中的应用:附40例

目的 证实前入路绕肝提拉法在难切右半肝切除中的安全性及该技术的临床可行性.方法 自2006年9月至2008年9月间,天津医科大学附属肿瘤医院收治的拟行右半肝切除肝癌病人中选择难切病例40例,配对分成常规肝切除组和前入路绕肝提拉法肝切除组.结果 20例成功安放绕肝带,手术时间、术中出血量、术中输血量、住院时间及术后相关并发症发生率均优于常规组(P＜0.05).结论 在难切的右半肝切除时前入路绕肝提拉法既安全又快捷.     

前入路途径切除右肝大肝癌安全性和疗效研究

目的探讨前入路途径肝切除术治疗右肝大肝癌的安全性和疗效。方法回顾性分析2006-01—2010-06间28例右肝大肝癌应用前入路途径右半肝切除术患者的临床资料。结果所有患者均安全完成手术。平均术中失血量820 mL,术中平均输血量660 mL,平均手术时间289 min,术后未出现严重并发症,无住院期间死亡病例。随访资料显示术后1、3年无瘤生存率分别57.1%,32.1%。结论前入路途径切除右肝大肝癌是一种安全的、疗效较好,应该优先选择的手术方式。     

Glisson蒂横断式肝切除联合前入路绕肝提拉法治疗肝右叶巨大肝癌30例

探讨肝右叶巨大肝癌切除术中应用Glisson蒂横断式肝切除联合前入路绕肝提拉法的临床效果。2014年1月—2015年12月,60例肝右叶巨大肝癌患者,根据手术方式的分为两组,其中30例患者采用常规手术方式行右半肝切除术治疗为对照组,30例患者采用Glisson蒂横断联合前入路绕肝提拉法行右半肝切除术治疗为观察组,观察两组患者治疗后的临床效果。结果显示,两组患者治疗后,观察组患者术中肿瘤破裂率(0)明显低于对照组(30.0%),术中输血率(33.3%)明显低于对照组的(73.3%),观察组患者术后并发症16.7%,明显低于对照组的40.0%,观察组患者术中出血量、住院时间及手术平均费用明显优于对照组(P均<0.05)。结果表明,Glisson蒂横断式肝切除联合前入路绕肝提拉法行右半肝切除术治疗肝右叶巨大肝癌,减少术中出血量和肿瘤破裂的风险,降低了术后胆漏的发生率,提高了手术的安全性,效果显著。     

经肝后下腔静脉前右间隙入路右半肝切除术

目的 研究右肝巨大肿瘤患者经右侧肝后下腔静脉前间隙入路逆行解剖结扎肝短静脉和右肝静脉在右半肝切除术中的临床意义.方法 对23例右肝巨大肿瘤(＞8 cm×8 cm)患者,依次采用切开第二肝门分离右肝静脉与中肝静脉间隙,于Glisson氏系统鞘内分离、结扎右半肝门静脉和肝动脉,随后逆行沿右侧肝后下腔静脉前间隙解剖结扎肝短静脉和右肝静脉,最后于肝中线左侧置一阻断带再离断肝中线的右半肝切除术.结果 全组患者在分离右半肝动脉、门静脉、肝后下腔静脉和右肝静脉解剖的右半肝切除术中过程顺利.术中出血量:＜ 400 mL 7例,500～700 mL 11例,800～1 000 mL2例,l 100～1 400 mL13例;平均为640 mL.术后第3天肝功能变化情况:总胆红素20～40 μmol/L 16例,45 ～ 50 μmol/L 6例,60 μmol/L 1例.血清谷丙转氨酶150 ～200 U/L 14例,250 ～ 400 U/L 9例.血清谷草转氨酶160 ～ 200 U/L13例,230 ～400 U/L 9例,430 U/L 1例.r-谷氨酰转肽酶160 ～200 U/L 14例,220 ～310 U/L 8例,420 U/L1例.术后因并发深静脉细菌感染导致肝功能衰竭1例.结论 肿瘤没有直接侵犯膈肌、肝后下腔静脉或肿瘤非特别巨大可选择沿肝后下腔静脉右前间隙逆行解剖结扎肝短静脉和右肝静脉的右半肝切除术方式,可以减少术中出血,有利于术后肝功能的恢复.     

前入路肝切除技术探讨

目的 探讨前入路肝切除术在难切性肝癌肝切除术中的应用价值。方法 对2例用常规手术方法难以切除的肝右叶肝癌和2例肝门部胆管癌用前入路的方法行肝切除,探讨其手术技巧和适应证。结果 2例右半肝切除,1例肝门部胆管加左半肝切除,1例肝门部胆管加尾状叶切除手术均获得成功。术中平均出血量1075ml,手术至出院时间12.5d。无手术死亡。结论 前入路肝切除术对难切性肝癌是一种安全有效的治疗方法。     

肝门部大肝癌的手术切除

目的 探讨肝门部大肝癌切除的安全性和可行性.方法 对平均直径8.3 cm的83例巨大肝门肿瘤,采用入肝血流阻断方法下进行肝肿瘤切除.结果 83例巨大肝门部肿瘤均得以顺利切除,术后无严重并发症发生,肝门阻断时间平均12.7 min,出血量平均327 ml.结论 肝门部巨大肿瘤切除手术难度大,但只要方法得当,围手术期处理适宜,仍是安全可行的.     

Glisson蒂横断联合前入路绕肝提拉法在肝右叶巨大肝癌切除术中的应用

目的探讨Glisson蒂横断式肝切除联合前入路绕肝提拉法在肝右叶巨大肝癌患者中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2009年1月至2014年1月我院46例肝右叶巨大肝癌患者的临床资料,根据手术方式分成A、B两组,A组运用Glisson蒂横断联合前入路绕肝提拉法行右半肝切除术21例,B组运用常规法行右半肝切除25例,评价两种方法的临床疗效。结果术前一般情况各组之间无统计学差异(P0.05)。通过比较发现术中出血量、术中输血率、术中肿瘤破裂、术后并发症、围手术期死亡率、住院时间及住院费用均明显优于常规右半肝切除组(P0.05)。结论 Glisson蒂横断联合前入路绕肝提拉法行右半肝切除术与常规法右半肝切除相比不但能明显减少术中出血量、肿瘤破裂、术后胆漏的发生率,增加手术安全性;而且显著降低了手术相关费用和患者住院时间,值得在各级医院推广应用。     

前入路右半肝切除术与传统右半肝切除术治疗大肝癌的比较

目的：比较前入路右半肝切除术与传统右半肝切除术治疗右叶大肝癌的临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析2007年1月—2009年12月30例行前入路右半肝切除术治疗的右叶大肝癌患者（观察组）的临床资料,并以同期30例行传统右半肝切除术治疗的右叶大肝癌患者为对照组,比较两组患者的手术疗效。结果：观察组的肿瘤平均直径大于对照组（P<0.05）;两组手术时间、肿瘤破裂例数无统计学差异（均P>0.05）;观察组平均出血量、术中大出血者例数和输血例数、住院时间明显少于对照组（均P<0.05）;两组患者术后并发症、病死率、复发率无统计学差异（均P>0.05）;观察组术后1,3年的生存率高于对照组（均P<0.05）。结论：前入路右半肝切除术可作为治疗右叶大肝癌的首选术式,其可减少术中出血量和术后并发症,降低病死率,提高生存率。     

Anterior approach for major right hepatic resection for large hepatocellular carcinoma

OBJECTIVE: To report the surgical and long-term outcomes of major right hepatic resection for large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using the anterior approach compared with the conventional approach. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Great difficulty can be encountered during major right hepatic resection for large HCC using the conventional approach. Forceful retraction during mobilization of the tumor might result in serious complications, including dissemination of cancer cells, iatrogenic tumor rupture, and excessive bleeding, leading to unfavorable surgical and long-term outcomes. METHODS: In patients who had large HCC at the right lobe of liver and underwent major hepatic resection, the technique of anterior approach was used. After hilar control of the inflow blood vessels and without prior mobilization of the right lobe of liver and the tumor, parenchymal transection was performed using an ultrasonic dissector from the anterior surface of the liver until the anterior surface of the inferior vena cava was exposed. All venous tributaries, including the right hepatic vein, were controlled before the right lobe of liver was mobilized. Surgical and long-term outcomes were analyzed retrospectively and compared with patients who underwent surgery using the conventional approach. RESULTS: From 1989 to 1997, the anterior approach was used for major right hepatic resection in 54 patients with HCC of 5 cm or more in diameter. When compared with the 106 patients with similar clinical parameters who underwent hepatic resection using the conventional approach during the same period, the patients in the anterior approach group had significantly less intraoperative blood loss and blood transfusion, a lower hospital death rate, a lower incidence of pulmonary metastases, and a better median disease-free survival and median overall cumulative survival. CONCLUSION: The anterior approach is the preferred technique for major right hepatic resection for large HCC because it resulted in improved surgical and survival outcomes compared with the conventional approach.     

A safe combined nephrectomy and right lobectomy using the liver hanging maneuver for huge renal cell carcinoma directly invading the right lobe of the liver: report of a case

We herein discuss a patient who underwent simultaneous combined right nephrectomy and right lobectomy of the liver. A 64-year-old male was diagnosed with a huge right renal cell carcinoma (RCC), 13 cm in diameter, which was invading directly into the right hepatic lobe. This type of RCC has been rarely reported, and an anterior approach using the liver hanging maneuver was extremely useful during hepatic parenchymal dissection. The liver parenchymal dissection was performed prior to mobilization of the liver, because the mobilization of the right lobe of the liver was impossible. During the hepatic parenchymal resection, the liver was suspended with the tape and transected, and thereafter, retroperitoneal dissection, nephrectomy and right lobectomy of the liver were completed. The patient was discharged from the hospital on the 12th postoperative day with an uneventful clinical course. The anterior approach using the liver hanging maneuver during hepatic parenchymal resection can be safe and feasible for huge RCC invading the right hepatic lobe.     

腹腔镜肝切除术治疗肝血管瘤22例临床分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜肝切除术治疗肝血管瘤的技术要点和疗效.方法 回顾分析第三军医大学西南医院2007年3月1日至2008年2月29日22例肝血管瘤病人行腹腔镜肝切除术的临床资料.结果 22例中2例中转开腹,20例完成全腹腔镜肝切除术.规则性肝叶(段)切除14例,其中左半肝切除5例,左外叶切除5例(其中1例联合右肝血管瘤射频消融术),Ⅵ段切除4例;不规则肝切除8例.10例在区域性半肝血流阻断条件下手术,7例行间歇性第一肝门血流阻断,5例未行人肝血流阻断.平均手术时间209 min,平均术中出血量360 ml.全组无手术死亡及并发症发生.术后恢复顺利,平均术后住院时间6 d.随访2～14个月,无症状再发及肿瘤复发.结论 腹腔镜肝切除术治疗肝血管瘤具有手术安全、并发症少和术后恢复快等优点,其技术要点是选择恰当适应证和手术入路,有效控制入肝血流和妥善处理肝断面,肝实质离断沿瘤体周围0.5～1 cm正常肝实质内进行或直接行荷瘤肝叶(段)规则性切除.     

Anterior approach versus conventional approach right hepatic resection for large hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective randomized controlled study

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether major right hepatectomy using the anterior approach technique for large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) results in better operative and long-term survival outcomes when compared with the conventional approach technique. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The anterior approach technique has been advocated recently for large right liver tumors. However, its beneficial effects on the operative and survival outcomes of the patients have not been evaluated prospectively. METHODS: A prospective randomized controlled study was performed on 120 patients who had large (> or =5 cm) right liver HCC and underwent curative major right hepatic resection during a 57-month period. The patients were randomized to undergo resection of the tumor using the anterior approach technique (AA group, n = 60) or the conventional approach technique (CA group, n = 60). The anterior approach technique involved initial vascular inflow control, completion of parenchymal transection, and complete venous outflow control before the right liver was mobilized. Operative and long-term survival outcomes of the two groups were analyzed. Quantitative assessments of markers of circulating tumor cells at various stages of surgery of the two techniques were also assessed by plasma albumin-mRNA. RESULTS: The overall operative blood loss, morbidity, and duration of hospital stay were comparable in both groups. Major operative blood loss of > or =2 L occurred less frequently in the AA group (8.3% vs. 28.3%, P = 0.005). As a result, blood transfusion requirement and number of patients requiring blood transfusion were significantly lower in the AA group. Hospital mortality occurred in 1 patient in the AA group and 6 patients in the CA group (P = 0.114). Median disease-free survival was 15.5 months in the AA group and 13.9 months in the CA group (P = 0.882). Overall survival was significantly better in the AA group (median >68.1 months) than in the CA group (median = 22.6 months, P = 0.006). The survival benefit appeared more obvious in patients with stage II disease and patients with lymphovascular permeation of the tumor. The anterior approach was also found to associate with significantly lower plasma albumin-mRNA levels at various stages of surgery compared with the CA technique. On multivariate analysis, tumor staging, anterior approach hepatic resection, and resection margin involved by the tumor were independent factors affecting overall survival. CONCLUSION: The anterior approach results in better operative and survival outcomes compared with the conventional approach. It is the preferred technique for major right hepatic resection for large HCC.     

Thoracoabdominal approach for right-sided hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Resection of a large hepatocellular carcinoma in the right liver or a small tumor located at the superior and posterior part of the right liver requires extensive hepatic mobilization. A thoracoabdominal approach might facilitate hepatic resection in such situations, but the safety and benefits of this approach remain unclear. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study based on a prospectively collected database of 488 patients was performed to evaluate the perioperative outcomes of right-sided hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma using the thoracoabdominal approach (n = 92) in comparison with the conventional abdominal approach (n = 396). RESULTS: The two groups were comparable in age, comorbid illnesses, liver function, tumor size, and underlying cirrhosis. There were more extended right hepatectomies in the thoracoabdominal approach group than in the abdominal approach group, but the difference was not significant (33.7% versus 26.0%, p = 0.14). A significantly higher proportion of patients in the thoracoabdominal approach group did not require blood transfusion compared with the abdominal approach group (66.3% versus 54.8%, p = 0.04). The operating time for the former group was longer (median 450 min versus 360 min, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in hospital stay (median 12.5 days versus 13.0 days, p = 0.82), overall morbidity (41.3% versus 38.6%, p = 0.64), or hospital mortality (4.3% versus 7.3%, p = 0.37) between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: The thoracoabdominal approach is a safe operative approach that can facilitate resection of massive tumors in the right liver or tumors involving segments 7 and 8 without increased morbidity.     

Hilar glissonean access to vascular-secretory elements in anatomical segmental liver resections

It still remains unclear which patients with hepatic tumors can favour anatomical segmental liver resections instead of major liver resection. Short term results of anatomical segmental liver resection are evaluated and analyzed. Ten patients underwent the anatomical segmental liver resection performed by posterior approach with taping of anterior right hepatic vein. Seven patients had liver metastases of colorectal cancer, one had primary hepatic carcinoma and two had benign lesions, anatomical segmental liver resection were performed without Pringle maneuver. There was no significant difference in blood loss, duration of the procedure, postoperative hospital stay and morbidity in comparison with the segmental liver resection performed by anterior approach. Multiple, large and deep-embedded lesions were removed completely, with tumor-free resection margins. Anatomical segmental liver resection performed by hilar glissonean approach is recommended in patients with compromised liver function "unfavourable" liver anatomy to replace major liver resection provides removal of only affected part of the liver accordingly to its true anatomical borders.     

前入路联合肝下下腔静脉阻断切除右肝巨大肝细胞癌

目的探讨入前入路联合肝下下腔静脉阻断在右肝巨大肝细胞癌(10 cm)切除术中的安全性和有效性。方法回顾分析2012年1月至2017年4月间采用前入路联合肝下下腔静脉阻断治疗右肝巨大肝细胞癌的42例病人的临床资料。结果 42例患者平均下腔静脉阻断时间38.5分钟。肝下下腔静脉阻断后中心静脉压对比阻断前明显降低(4.1±2.1cm H_2Ovs.7.3±2.5cm H_2O,P0.05),术中平均出血量为430.6±260.7 ml。输血率、术后并发症和死亡率分别为26.1%、38.1%和0%。结论前入路联合肝下下腔静脉阻断治疗右肝巨大肝细胞癌有效、安全。     

选择性出入肝血流阻断用于肝脏巨大血管瘤的切除

目的 探讨右肝静脉阻断技术在累及第二肝门巨大肝血管瘤切除术中防止右肝静脉破裂大出血、空气栓塞的作用.方法 回顾分析2004年1月至2010年3月浙江省人民医院肝胆外科对12例累及第二肝门巨大肝血管瘤患者施行右肝静脉阻断技术行巨大肝血管瘤切除的临床资料.右肝静脉阻断方法采用血管带阻断或血管夹夹闭.无肝硬化患者同时采用第一肝门阻断(Pringle),或选择性入肝血流阻断;有肝硬化患者采用半肝入肝血流阻断.结果 12例患者中无1例分破肝静脉.右肝静脉血管阻断方法:血管夹夹闭法3例,血管带阻断法9例.11例无肝硬化患者行第一肝门阻断5例,6例行选择性入肝血流阻断,1例患者由于肝炎后肝硬化施行交替半肝血流阻断.12例患者血管瘤切除顺利,出血量200～5800 ml,平均出血量680 ml,其中3例患者未输血.出血量最大1例为肝动脉栓塞治疗2次的患者,血管瘤与隔肌粘连紧密,侧支循环丰富,解剖困难.无1例因肝静脉破裂而出血或发生空气栓塞.结论 切除累及第二肝门巨大肝血管瘤时施行右肝静脉阻断技术是安全,有效的.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate right hepatic veins exclusion in the prevention of massive bleeding and air embolism during the resection of huge hepatic cavernous hemangioma near the second hepatic portal. Method This is a retrospective study on the clinical data of 12 hepatic hemangioma patients at the Live Surgery Department of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from 2004. 1 to 2010.3. In all patients the huge hepatic cavernous hemangioma was adjoining the second hepatic portal. Block webbing or vascular clamp were used to exclude the right hepatic veins. Among the 11 patients without hepatic cirrhosis Pringle maneuvre was applied in 5 cases and selective hepatic inflow occlusion in 6 cases. Patients with hepatic cirrhosis used hemi-hepatic blood inflow occlusion. Results During the surgery no rupture of right hepatic vein happened. Nine patients used vascular block webbing and 3 patients used vascular clamp.Six patients without cirrhosis used the complete hepatic inflow occlusion and other patients without cirrhosis used hemi-hepatic blood inflow occlusion. Cirrhotic patients used hemi-hepatic blood inflow occlusion. All the operations were successful. Intraoperative blood loss ranged from 200 - 5800 ml, averaging 680 ml. Three patients needed not blood transfusion. There was no right hepatic vein rupture or air embolism. Conclusion Right hepatic veins exclusion is a useful technique to prevent massive bleeding and air embolism caused by the rupture of right hepatic vein during the resection of huge hepatic cavernous hemangioma.     

Glisson蒂横断联合肝静脉阻断在肝切除术中的应用

目的探讨Glisson蒂横断联合肝静脉阻断术在肝脏手术中的运用。方法回顾性分析我院2009年1月至2011年12月20例采用Gllsson蒂横断联合肝静脉阻断术行肝脏切除患者的资料。结果其中解剖性肝切除15例,非解剖性肝切除5例。包括左外叶切除（Ⅱ＋Ⅲ）3例,左半肝切除（Ⅱ＋Ⅲ＋Ⅳ）8例,右前叶切除（Ⅴ＋Ⅷ）2例,右后叶切除（Ⅵ＋Ⅷ）1例,右半肝切除（Ⅴ＋Ⅵ＋Ⅶ＋vm）1例,局部剜除5例。20例肝脏手术中解剖性肝切除占75％（15／20）,非解剖性占25％（5／20）,平均手术时间220（120～380）min,平均失血量300（100～600）mL,术后并发胆瘘1例,经保守治疗后好转。结论Glisson蒂横断联合肝静脉阻断肝切除术能够最大限度的减少肝脏出血,保护残肝功能,提高术后患者的预后。