城市居民3年自杀情况分析研究

目的探讨上海市杨浦区1997～1999年居民自杀死亡的综合因素。方法通过对3年内在公安局所登记的区域内自杀死亡居民资料,分析不同年龄、性别、自杀方式,以及与自杀相关因素的特点。结果杨浦区居民3年间平均自杀率为8.6/10万, 25～34岁青年组（12.1/10万）及65岁以上老年组（20.3/10万）,为高自杀年龄段,但需引起重视的是16岁以下的自杀率（2.8/10万）呈上升趋势,男女自杀率比例为1.25:1,男性自杀方式以自缢、跳楼等激烈性方法为多,女性以非激烈性方法为多（χ2=4.87,P<0.05）。因疾病原因自杀者在<55岁年龄中以精神疾病为主,>55岁年龄中以躯体疾病为多（χ2=12.17,P<0.01）。结论城市青少年和青壮年年龄段自杀率呈上升趋势,且男性自杀率大于女性,提示必须重视社会干预,减少自杀发生率。     

湖北省居民自杀率调查

目的:通过居民自杀死亡统计资料,对湖北省2007年居民自杀率进行分析,了解湖北省居民自杀死亡状况。方法:分别抽取了湖北省6个地区居民自杀死亡资料,以自杀率、死因构成比、城乡自杀率等指标进行描述性分析。结果:2007年湖北省部分抽样地区共有931例自杀死亡病例,其中,男性483例,女性448例,男女比为1.08∶1。自杀率为25.41/10万,男性为25.87/10万,女性为24.92/10万;在60-65岁年龄组,自杀死亡率上升明显,为61.25/10万,并随年龄增长呈上升的趋势。城市自杀率为9.32/10万,农村自杀率为36.46/10万。结论:在老年人群中,自杀所占的死亡比例是较高的。农村自杀率明显高于城市自杀率。     

山西省阳城县1989～1991年自杀死亡流行病学分析

对山西省阳城县１９８９～１９９１年１５３例自杀死亡资料进行了分析，阳城县自杀死亡率１３７５／１０万，其中男性１２３１／１０万，女性１５２５／１０万，男女自杀死亡率之比为０８１。自杀死亡率较高的年龄组男性是２０～２４岁、４０～４４岁和５０岁以上人群：女性是２０～２９岁、４０～４４岁、５５～５９岁和７０岁以上人群。自杀死亡高峰季节是夏季（农村施用农药频繁季节），冬季最低。服毒、溺水、上吊是自杀的三种主要方式，家庭纠纷、疾病、婚姻恋爱是自杀的主要原因     

农村176例自杀病例心理社会因素的分析

自杀是一种较常见的社会现象，国内报道仅见于精神病患者及域市自杀病例。我们处理了地处沪州市农村地区某综合医院1989年至1995年自杀病例，近6年有严重自杀行为者176例。并对其中治愈IO5例进行了本人及家庭随访，详细了解自杀前后各种心理社会因素及性格特征，总结经验，探寻防治措施，进一步开展和加强农村地区自杀的预防及抢救工作。报道如下。1一般资料1．1性别男性63人，女性113人，男：女一1：1．8。1．2年龄最小14岁，最大69岁，平均41．5岁。ZO岁以下16人（9．l％），ZI－30岁88人（50．0％），31－40岁组46人（历．l％），41－…     

上海市虹口区2001-2005年居民自杀死亡流行病学分析

目的：对上海市虹口区居民死亡医学登记系统2001—2005年自杀死亡监测资料进行流行病学分析，了解自杀死亡的概况，为预防和控制自杀死亡的干预措施提供依据。方法：采用SPSS11．5软件对2001—2005年226名自杀死亡监测资料进行流行病学分析。结果：5年平均自杀死亡率为5．91／10万，男性高于女性。平均自杀年龄为53．75岁，男性自杀年龄在25岁组及75岁以后较高，女性在60岁以后较高。自杀方式以上吊、跳楼、服毒居多。自杀原因以久病不愈居多。自杀时间以季节交替月份居多。结论：2001—2005年虹口区居民平均自杀死亡率低于估计的全国自杀死亡率，自杀死亡的控制和预防应尤为关注女性，重视男性青年和老年人群的自杀预防，主要策略为提高临床医生诊断识别率、发展社区卫生服务功能、加强健康教育、加强农药管理。     

郑州市391例育龄妇女自杀死亡调查报告

目的:通过调查郑州市育龄妇女自杀死亡者的流行病学特征,找出自杀的干预及预防措施,从而降低自杀发生率.方法:利用孕产妇死亡监测上报的育龄妇女死亡资料,筛选出自杀死亡的人群,通过走访死者亲友,调查自杀死亡者的相关信息,并对自杀的相关因素进行回顾性分析.结果:农村育龄妇女自杀死亡率高于城市,家庭纠纷、经济困难和抑郁症是自杀的主要诱因,自杀的方式多选择服毒、自缢、跳楼.15~34 岁是自杀的高发年龄段,自杀死者中已婚妇女占73.15%.结论:自杀是一个重要的公共卫生问题,预防控制的重点为农村地区和青年女性人群,主要预防措施为提高妇女的经济地位和生活质量,成立自杀危机干预组织及心理健康咨询机构,加强健康教育和农药管理等,减少自杀的发生率.     

城市居居民3年自杀情况分析研究

目的探讨上海市杨浦区1997～1999年居民自杀死亡的综合因素。方法通过对3年内在公安局所登记的区域内自杀死亡居民资料，分析不同年龄、性别、自杀方式，以及与自杀相关因素的特点。结果杨浦区居民3年间平均自杀率为8.6/10万，25～34岁青年组（12.1/10万）及65岁以上老年组（20.3/10万），为高自杀年龄段，但需引起重视的是16岁以下的自杀率（2.8/10万）呈上升趋势，男女自杀率比例为1.251，男性自杀方式以自缢、跳楼等激烈性方法为多，女性以非激烈性方法为多（χ     

住院精神分裂症患者自杀危险因素调查

对全国９省市９所医院１０年间住院精神分裂症自杀死亡资料分析，自杀率占住院病人总数的０．６３％，占精神分裂症总数的０．７８％，占慢性精神分裂症的０，５０％。偏执型占６５．６·％。自杀原因受幻觉妄想支配２３．８％，悲观厌世２８．６％；精神症状好转（５９．５％）和自知力恢复期（４７．６％）易自杀。自杀方式自缢（５７．１％）和服药（２３．８％）居首。男性自杀多于女性。     

四川省部分地区自杀死亡率的调查

本文报道1980～1988年四川部分地区的平均自杀死亡率为15.5/10~5,人口数与自杀死亡率呈正相关(r=0.53)。男性的平均自杀死亡率为14.9/10~5,女性的平均自杀死亡率为17,1/10~5。城市和农村的平均自杀死亡率分别为9.4/10~5和21/10~5,农村的平均自杀死亡率明显高于城市(P<0.05).自杀死亡的年龄高峰在20岁左右。     

不同年龄的自杀原因及方式调查分析

目的：探讨在深圳市不同年龄段自杀患者的原因及方式的相关因素。方法：选择2006年1月～2009年1月在深圳市武警医院急诊科救治的167例自杀患者,采用个案调查方法,直接询问患者及家属。将各种调查因素填入综合调查表,按不同年龄段进行分析。结果：①15～25岁年龄组自杀比例最高（49.7%）。②女性自杀比率高于男性,为4.96倍。③自杀主要原因为婚姻受挫（37.7%）、家庭纠纷（35.3%）、就业受挫（9.6%）。④自杀方式以服毒、药为主（77.84%）。结论：自杀人群的主要年龄段是青年人,自杀原因以婚姻、家庭为主,其选择方式以服毒、服药为主。     

沈阳市城市居民伤害死亡状况及疾病负担的研究

目的了解2004～2013年沈阳市市内五区城市居民伤害死亡状况及对居民健康造成的威胁,为日后防治提供科学依据。方法利用沈阳市2004～2013年城市居民死亡资料,分析伤害的粗死亡率、标化死亡率、年龄别死亡专率、性别死亡专率及变化趋势,并计算潜在寿命损失年（PYLL）,分析伤害死亡的疾病负担情况。结果沈阳市城市居民2004～2013年伤害总死亡率为22.71/10万,标化死亡率为15.31/10万,占全死因的2.99%;男性粗死亡率和标化死亡率均高于女性（P<0.05）;总体上伤害死亡率随年龄的增长呈先上升后下降的趋势（在45～50岁达高峰）。城市居民伤害前五位死因依次为运输事故、自杀、意外跌落、其他意外伤害和有害效应、意外中毒;男性伤害死因顺位的前3位分别是运输事故、自杀和其他意外事故和有害效应;女性伤害死因顺位的前3位分别是运输事故、自杀和意外跌落。由伤害导致的潜在寿命损失年数为188257.5,其中运输事故和自杀所致的PYLL占伤害所致PYLL总量的54.5%以上。全年龄段伤害所致PYLL总体上男性大于女性,且随年龄的增长先上升后下降（45～50岁达高峰）。结论伤害对人群的死亡威胁男性高于女性,且在50岁之前随年龄的增长而上升。伤害造成的“早死”疾病负担以运输事故和自杀最为严重,总体负担男性大于女性。     

自杀性急性中毒患者的临床分析

目的通过对自杀患者急性中毒资料进行分析,为今后自杀患者发生急性中毒提供防治参考依据。方法对2005年1月至2009年6月我院收治的932例自杀急性中毒患者的中毒情况、月份分布、患者性别与年龄进行分析研究。结果自杀性急性中毒病例中,女性551例,男性381例。自杀性中毒年龄发生在19-38岁者占60．08％。自杀性急性中毒的人数与国民经济发展呈负相关（r=-0．985,P〈0．05）。自杀急性中毒时间以每年1,2,5,6月多见。结论自杀性急性中毒患者以中青年为主,且女性多见;冬季和夏季自杀性急性中毒病例居多;经济发展速度快,则自杀性中毒人数相对较低。     

Parasuicide and suicide in the south-west of Ireland

Background Suicidal behaviour has become recognised as a major public health problem.Aim To examine hospital-treated parasuicide and suicide in the Southern and Mid-Western Health Boards.Methods Parasuicide data were derived from independent data collection in general and psychiatric hospitals and prisons between 1995 and 1997. The corresponding suicide data were obtained electronically from the Central Statistics Office. Results Respectively, the annual person-based male, female and total European age-standardised rates were 128.9, 154.3 and 141.3 per 100,000 for parasuicide compared to 22.7, 5.5 and 14.1 per 100,000 for suicide. The parasuicide/suicide ratio varied markedly by age, gender, area and marital status. The majority of suicides were by hanging or drowning whereas drug overdose made up the vast majority of parasuicide acts. Parasuicide was largely a city phenomenon confined to the young of both genders whereas suicide was a significant problem for city and county men, especially young adult men. Conclusion There are striking differences between the patterns of fatal and non-fatal suicidal behaviour in Ireland, which should be considered in prevention initiatives.     

警惕:意外死亡是威胁我们的重要杀手--重庆市某殡仪馆5106例意外死亡调查

目的 探讨重庆市居民意外死亡原因及相关因素，为预防意外伤害的发生，保障生命安全提供决策依据。方法 按国际疾病分类（ICD-9）对从重庆市某国家一级殡仪馆收集到的1999-2004年共5106例居民意外死亡资料进行死因分类，并对意外死亡的构成及其相关因素进行统计分析。结果 意外伤害致死占全死因的比例维持在11％左右，其中青壮年占意外死亡的64．66％，车祸、溺水、高坠和自杀是主要的伤害死因。各项意外死亡发生发展与年龄和时间具有一定的相关性。 结论 意外伤害致死已成为威胁我市居民健康与生命的主要死因之一，有关职能部门应对意外伤害死亡的预防予以高度重视并采取针对性措施，同时提高人群的自我防范意识。     

Diarrheal deaths in the United States, 1979 through 1987. A special problem for the elderly

OBJECTIVE.--Diarrhea is an important cause of death among young children in both developing and developed countries, but little is known about diarrheal death among adults. In this study, we examined trends in diarrheal deaths among all age groups in the United States. DESIGN/SETTING/PARTICIPANTS.--We reviewed national mortality data complied by the National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, Md, which consists of information from all death certificates filed in the United States for the period 1979 through 1987. A death for which diarrhea was listed as an immediate or underlying cause was considered a "diarrheal death" and included in the analysis. RESULTS.--We found that 28,538 persons died of diarrhea cited as either an immediate or the underlying cause of death during the 9-year period. A majority of diarrheal deaths occurred among the elderly (older than 74 years of age, 51%), followed by adults 55 to 74 years of age (27%), and young children (younger than 5 years of age, 11%). For the elderly, adjusted risk factors for dying of diarrhea included being white, female, and residing in a long-term care facility. Only the elderly and young children had clear, distinct winter peaks of diarrheal deaths, suggesting that the diarrhea may, in part, be infectious in origin. CONCLUSION.--For the elderly, more directed studies of those at risk, such as nursing home residents, are needed to determine if oral rehydration therapy, vaccines, or other preventive measures might benefit this population.     

Elderly suicide in Singapore

The suicide rate in Singapore has remained at 9-11 per 100,000 over the past decade. Comparing the age specific suicide rate, elderly people (60 years and above) have a much higher rate (21.3 per 1000,000) than the young (5 per 100,000). The data also indicate that elderly men are more prone to kill themselves than elderly women. Risk factors in elderly suicide and preventive measures are discussed.     

Global trends in adolescent health

Increasingly, morbidity and mortality trends for young people in developing nations are paralleling those in the industrialized world. As infectious causes of mortality diminish, unintentional injuries, suicide, homicide, war, and maternal mortality represent the primary causes of death in the second decade of life for most nations where data are maintained. As developing nations increasingly place priority on the education of their youth, early marriage and precocious child rearing are discouraged, and other problems, such as out-of-wedlock childbirth and illicit abortions, emerge. Problems such as substance abuse and suicide arise with the urban migration, increased unemployment, and disruption of traditional social structures that are experienced as developing countries industrialize.     

Suicide and related deaths in Victorian doctors

A cohort of University of Melbourne medical graduates (1950-1959 graduates inclusive) was followed up until December 31, 1986. Vital status at the end of the study period was ascertained and, for those who had died, cause of death was determined. The cohort consisted of 1453 members (1279 men and 174 women). One hundred and twenty-six of the group had died (115 men and 11 women) and 68 (4.7%; 57 men and 11 women) were lost to follow-up. The major causes of death were cardiovascular disease and malignant neoplasms. The standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) for all-cause mortality were low (59 for the male doctors and 84 for the female doctors) indicating that male doctors experience a "force of mortality" 59% that of the general population and female doctors 84%. For the male doctors, the SMR for suicide was 113 (95% confidence interval [CI], 54-207) (10 of 115 deaths in male doctors) about double the SMR for mortality from all causes. For the female doctors, the SMR for suicide was 501 (95% CI, 103-1500) (3 of 11 deaths in female doctors). For deaths resulting from all accidents the SMR was low for the males (29) and higher for the females (126). The SMR for mental disorders for the male doctors was marginally raised (132). This study reveals some indication of a problem in doctors in regard to deaths by suicide, other violent deaths and mental disorders. A larger study involving a control group of equivalent social class is required to confirm the findings of this study.