经皮椎体成形治疗脊椎骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折护理的效果

目的观察实施经皮椎体成形（PVP）治疗脊椎骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者护理的效果。方法将某医院收治的115例骨质疏松症并椎体压缩骨折患者依据护理方式差异予以分组,其中57例为对照组,采用常规护理;其余58例为观察组,在此基础上加强护理干预,对比两组视觉模拟评分（VAS）、活动能力与使用止痛药物评分,住院时间及其并发症发生率。结果观察组术后VAS评分、活动能力评分、使用止痛药物评分、平均住院时间均明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）。两组并发症发生率分别为5．17％、17．54％,观察组明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论临床给予行PVP治疗的骨质疏松症并椎体压缩骨折患者,加强术前、术中及术后护理干预,可有效缓解患者疼痛与降低并发症发生率,该法值得临床推广。     

绝经后女性2型糖尿病患者发生骨质疏松性骨折的危险因素分析

目的 探讨绝经后女性2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者发生骨质疏松性骨折的危险因素.方法 采用回顾性研究方法,选取绝经后女性T2DM骨质疏松患者220例,根据有无骨折分为骨折组(n = 100)和无骨折组(n = 120),记录患者的一般资料,收集其空腹血样本用于血糖、血脂、尿酸、HbA1c等检测.结果 骨折组BMI、TG、F...     

The ECOS-16 questionnaire for the evaluation of health related quality of life in post-menopausal women with osteoporosis

Background  

The aim of this study is to validate the questionnaire ECOS-16 (Assessment of health related quality of life in osteoporosis) for the evaluation of health related quality of life (HRQoL) in post-menopausal women with osteoporosis.     

Factors influencing quality of life in patients with active tuberculosis

Background  

With effective treatment strategies, the focus of tuberculosis (TB) management has shifted from the prevention of mortality to the avoidance of morbidity. As such, there should be an increased focus on quality of life (QoL) experienced by individuals being treated for TB. The objective of our study was to identify areas of QoL that are affected by active TB using focus groups and individual interviews.     

绝经后女性椎体骨折的临床特征及危险因素分析

目的观察绝经后女性椎体骨折的临床特征,分析可能导致骨折的危险因素,为绝经后女性椎体骨折的防治提供参考。方法选取2015年3月-2018年6月天津市红桥区中医医院收治的200例绝经后椎体骨折女性患者作为骨折组,另选取同期在该院接受常规体检的绝经后健康女性100例作为未骨折组,使用该院自制绝经后女性一般问卷调查全部受检者一般资料,包括患者基本信息、日常生活习惯、骨折情况等;同时为全部受检者实施血清学实验室相关指标检查,包括常规生化指标及骨代谢特异生化指标等;为受检者实施骨密度检查,分析绝经后女性椎体骨折的临床特征,采用单因素及多因素分析找出可能导致绝经后女性椎体骨折的危险因素。结果 200例绝经后椎体骨折女性患者,骨折椎体共318个,以T11～L1椎体部位骨折发生率最高,患者椎体骨折分度多为1度,随年龄的增加骨折率呈升高趋势,患者整体骨代谢指标水平偏高、血肌酐(Cr)及血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)表达偏低、各部位骨密度均较低、骨质疏松整体患病率高、服用抗骨质疏松药物占比低。经单因素与多因素Logistic逐步回归分析证实,高龄、整体骨密度低、既往有椎体骨折史可能是导致绝经后女性椎体骨折的危险因素(OR1,均P0. 05)。结论绝经后女性椎体骨折好发于T11～L1椎体,以老年人群为主,患者骨强度低,骨代谢指标不同程度异常,高龄、既往椎体骨折史、骨密度低可能是其主要危险因素,临床应重视绝经后女性骨密度的检测,并定期对骨折高危人群开展骨折筛查,便于绝经后女性椎体骨折的早期防治,降低骨折率。     

Validation of POMS questionnaire in postmenopausal women

Purpose  

To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Profile of Mood States (POMS) in postmenopausal women with moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms.     

Development of a questionnaire on sexual quality of life in women

The Sexual Quality of Life-Female (SQOL-F) questionnaire has been developed to assess the impact of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) on a woman's sexual quality of life. SQOL-F items were developed through interviews with 82 women. Three data sets from women's health surveys in the United Kingdom and the United States generated data for scale validation. The SQOL-F showed good psychometric properties: convergent validity, discriminant validity, and test-retest reliability. The SQOL-F is a valid instrument for assessing the impact of FSD on quality of life and as an adjunct in evaluating FSD in clinical trials. The SQOL-F sensitivity to changes in sexual function needs confirmation.     

Factors influencing quality of life in breast cancer survivors

Longitudinal data from 195 breast cancer survivors were used to identify factors affecting the level and rate of change in quality of life after completion of treatment. Women were interviewed up to four times at approximately yearly intervals using Kaplan and Bush's Quality of Well Being instrument (QWB). Random coefficient regression analysis was used to model QWB as a function of time since diagnosis and personal characteristics. QWB scores decreased over time and the rate of decline increased with age (p = 0.032). This was similar to declines in women with benign breast biopsies, but overall QWB levels were lower in women with breast cancer. Having a spouse tended to slow the rate of decline in breast cancer survivors (p = 0.004). The presence of comorbidity was associated with significantly lower QWB levels (p = 0.037) but did not affect the rate of change over time. Education, family history of breast cancer, cancer stage and treatment modalities were not significantly related to QWB levels or rates of change. Breast cancer survivors experience a reduction in quality of life that persists for years after treatment and is similar in magnitude to that associated with other health problems.     

Factors influencing the quality of life in patients with HIV in Malaysia

Purpose  

The aim of this study was to determine the socio-demographic, clinical and psychological factors influencing the quality of life (QOL) in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS).     

Factors influencing quality of life in caregivers of adolescents with developmental disabilities

ObjectivesCaring for adolescents with developmental disabilities (DD) is stressful and challenging, and mothers usually provide care for these children in Korea. This study aimed to identify factors influencing quality of life (QoL) in mothers of adolescents with DD.Methods A predictive design was used. Data were collected from a web-based survey administered to a convenience sample of 154 mothers of adolescents with DD from October to November 2020. Data were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression.ResultsPerceived health, depression, and family strength were significantly correlated with QoL. Multiple regression showed that family strength, perceived health, depression, and monthly household income influenced the participants’ QoL, and these factors accounted for 69.2% of variance in QoL. Family strength was the factor most strongly affecting QoL (β=0.39).Conclusion The study results indicate that health professionals and policy-makers need to pay attention to the overall QoL and physical and psychological health of mothers of adolescents with DD. Since our findings raise the importance of family strength in the QoL of this population, programs to improve family strength need to be implemented and strengthened. Interventions to improve perceived health and decrease depression should be applied, and knowledge on adolescent characteristics and changes should be delivered to caregivers when providing education and consultations. The findings will be helpful for developing educational and counseling programs for this population.     

Dietary glycemic load assessed by food-frequency questionnaire in relation to plasma high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and fasting plasma triacylglycerols in postmenopausal women

BACKGROUND: In metabolic studies, both greater carbohydrate intakes and higher glycemic indexes (GIs) raise fasting triacylglycerol concentrations. In epidemiologic studies, dietary glycemic load (GL) is positively associated with risk of coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes. OBJECTIVE: We examined both the physiologic relevance of GI and GL and the ability of dietary questionnaires to measure these variables. DESIGN: In the Nurses' Health Study, we measured plasma triacylglycerol concentrations in fasting blood samples from 185 healthy postmenopausal women and HDL-cholesterol concentrations in an additional 95 nonfasting samples. Dietary carbohydrate, GI, and GL were assessed by use of semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaires. The cross-sectional associations between these 3 variables and plasma triacylglycerol and HDL were assessed, with adjustment for potential confounding factors. RESULTS: For the lowest and highest quintiles of GL, the multivariate-adjusted geometric mean triacylglycerol concentrations were 0.98 and 1.75 mmol/L (87 and 155 mg/dL; P for trend < 0.001). Both overall GI (P for trend = 0.03) and carbohydrate (P for trend < 0.01) contributed independently to the strong positive association between GL and fasting triacylglycerol concentrations. GL was also inversely associated with HDL-cholesterol concentrations. For the lowest and highest quintiles of GL, the mean HDL-cholesterol concentrations were 1.50 and 1.34 micromol/L (58 and 52 mg/dL; P for trend = 0.03). The relation between GL and fasting triacylglycerol concentrations differed significantly by body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) categories (P < 0.001 for interaction). For the lowest to the highest quintiles of GL, the mean triacylglycerol concentrations were 0.92 and 2.24 mmol/L (81 and 198 mg/dL) in women with BMIs > 25 (P for trend < 0.001) and 1.02 and 1.42 mmol/L (90 and 126 mg/dL) in women with BMIs < or = 25 (P for trend < 0.001). CONCLUSION: These data support the physiologic relevance of the GL as a potential risk factor for coronary artery disease in free-living women, particularly those prone to insulin resistance. These findings also document the ability of a semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire to assess dietary GIs and GLs.     

Quality of life in osteoporotic patients with hip fracture and without fracture

The aim of this study was to analyse the quality of life in osteoporotic patients with hip fracture and those without fractures. The study included postmenopausal women, 35 with hip fracture and 33 without fractures. The control group included 44 age-matched healthy women. Osteoporosis Quality of Life Questionnaire was used to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQL). Patients with hip fracture had significantly lower scores in symptoms, physical function and leisure (P < 0.05), than patients without fractures. Both groups of patients had significantly lower scores than controls in all domains except Leisure. Analysing several health and social factors that could influence HRQL, we found that bone mass in spine and femoral neck significantly correlated with HRQL. Since patients with osteoporosis usually have no symptoms before fracture, early diagnosis and the treatment of the disease are of key importance to the quality of life in these patients.     

日照对早期糖尿病肾病患者血维生素D和尿微量蛋白的影响

目的评估增加日光照射能否提高2型糖尿病早期肾病患者血25羟维生素D₃(25(OH)D₃)水平以及改善微量白蛋白尿。方法以2018年1月至2019年5月我院内分泌住院及门诊2型糖尿病患者25(OH)D₃ < 15 mg/L早期糖尿病肾病患者为研究对象,共150例。所有研究对象分为3组：日照组、1, 25(OH)₂D₃组和对照组,每组50例。比较3月后3组血25(OH)D₃水平的变化以及尿白蛋白/肌酐(ACR)的变化。结果治疗前3组间25(OH)D₃水平、ACR及糖化血红蛋白差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗3月后日照组血清25(OH)D₃水平较对照组及1, 25(OH)₂D₃组显著升高;ACR较对照组显著降低,与1, 25(OH)₂D₃组差异无统计学意义。结论日光照射能够有效提高2型糖尿病早期肾病患者血25(OH)D₃水平以及改善微量白蛋白尿。     

Factors influencing health-related quality of life of Asians with anxiety disorders in Singapore

As little is known about health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Asians with anxiety disorders, we assessed HRQoL in Singaporeans with anxiety disorders and identified factors influencing their HRQoL. Outpatients with anxiety disorders (n = 119) attending a hospital psychiatric clinic completed the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). SF-36 score reduction from population norms (quantified as the number of standard deviations below the mean) in these subjects was compared with existing data on Singaporeans with various medical conditions and Americans with panic disorder (PD). Factors influencing HRQoL were examined using stepwise multiple linear regression models. SF-36 score reduction in these subjects (0.3-1.4 SD) was greater than that in Singaporeans with systemic lupus erythematosus or thyroid cancer survivors for seven scales but similar to that in Americans with PD (0.5-1.7 SD). BAI and GHQ-12 scores, presence of PD/generalized anxiety disorder, presence of chronic medical conditions, being married or increasing age accounted for 19-61% of the variance in six selected SF-36 scales. In conclusion, it can be said that Singaporeans with anxiety disorders experience clinically important reductions in HRQoL; both clinical and socio-demographic factors influence HRQoL in such subjects.     

Factors associated with sexual quality of life among midlife women in Serbia

Purpose

To assess factors associated with better sexual quality of life (QOL) in midlife period among women who are and are not sexually active.

Methods

Participants were 500 women aged 40–65 years from Belgrade, Serbia. Data were collected through general questionnaire (regarding socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, general medical, and gynecological history) in which one item investigated having partnered sexual activity (heterosexual intercourses). The sexual domain of the Utian Quality of Life Scale was used to assess the sexual QOL. The sexual QOL consisted of reflections on the satisfaction with frequency of sexual interactions, as well as sexual and romantic life in general. Higher scores indicated better sexual QOL.

Results

Most women were sexually active in midlife (81.6%). The mean sexual QOL score for the overall sample was 9.99 (range 3–15). The level of sexual QOL did not differ between sexually active and non-active women. Factors associated with better sexual QOL in sexually active menopausal women were being married or coupled, being physically active, having more children, having hot flushes, and not having tachycardia. Factors associated with better sexual QOL in sexually inactive menopausal women were drinking alcohol, being physically active, not having insomnia or skin rash.

Conclusions

Sexual QOL among Serbian urban midlife women was good and did not differ between women who were sexually active and those who were not. Further studies are needed to determine in what manner women who are not sexually active in midlife achieve high level of satisfaction with their sexual QOL.

     

Development and validation of a quality of life questionnaire for patients with vertebral fractures: Qualeffo-41

Vertebral fractures cause pain and may hamper activities of daily life, mobility, social activities and mental function. These aspects of quality of life may be assessed with a generic or disease-specific quality of life questionnaire. The International Osteoporosis Foundation has developed a specific questionnaire for patients with vertebral fractures. This questionnaire Qualeffo-41, contains 41 questions in the domains pain, physical function, social function, general health perception and mental function. The questionnaire has been translated into many languages. A multicenter validation study showed good repeatability, adequate internal consistency and good discrimination between patients with vertebral fractures and control subjects. Further clinical testing of Qualeffo-41 showed that the domain and total scores increased linearly with the number of prevalent vertebral fractures. Lumbar fractures had more impact on quality of life than thoracic fractures. The impact of vertebral fractures on quality of life increased with age. The results with Qualeffo-41 confirm the decreased quality of life in patients with vertebral fractures.     

Loss of hip bone mineral density over time is associated with spine and hip fracture incidence in osteoporotic postmenopausal women

The objective of the study assess the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) loss over time and fracture incidence in postmenopausal women. This is a posthoc analysis that includes women from the placebo group of two large randomized controlled trials having assessed the efficacy of a new anti-osteoporotic drug. BMD was assessed every 6 months during 3 years at the lumbar spine, the femoral neck and the total proximal femur. Vertebral fractures were assessed using a semiquantitative method. Hip fractures were based on written documentation. All patients received calcium and vitamin D. In the present study that included 1,775 patients (with complete data at baseline and after 3 years), the logistic regression analysis, adjusted for covariates, showed that 3-year change in lumbar BMD was not statistically associated with the new vertebral fractures after 3 years. However, femoral neck and total proximal femur BMD changes was statistically correlated with the incidence of new vertebral fractures (P < 0.001). When considering change in BMD after the first year of follow-up, a decrease in total proximal femur BMD was statistically associated with an increase in the incidence of new vertebral fractures during the last 2 years of follow-up (P = 0.048). The 3-year change in femoral neck and total proximal BMD was statistically correlated with the incidence of hip and fragility fracture after 3 years (all P < 0.001). In this elderly osteoporotic population receiving calcium and vitamin D, a decrease in hip BMD after 1 or 3 year of follow-up, is associated with an increased risk of fracture incidence. However, spine BMD changes do not influence vertebral fracture incidence.