SOX9基因判断前列腺癌恶性程度及生化复发的预测

目的：探讨SOX9基因在判断前列腺癌恶性程度及预测前列腺癌去势后生化复发的作用。方法：通过Oncomine公共数据库查询SOX9基因在前列腺癌中的表达情况;RT—QPCR法检测SOX9基因在前列腺癌细胞株DU145、LNCap、PC3和正常前列腺细胞株RWPE-1中的表达;免疫组织化学法检测106例前列腺癌癌组织与癌旁组织中的SOX9基因表达情况,并结合前列腺癌患者临床病理参数进行分析;建立SD大鼠手术去势模型,检测SOX9基因在去势后大鼠前列腺组织中的表达情况。结果：SOX9基因在前列腺癌组织中呈高表达;SOX9基因在PC3细胞株中的表达水平显著高于RWPE-1细胞株（P：0．004）;106例前列腺癌癌组织中62例呈SOX9阳性表达,癌旁组织中26例呈SOX9阳性表达;SOX9基因在前列腺癌组织中的表达水平明显强于癌旁组织,两者比较,差异有统计学意义（P=0．000）;SOX9高表达与前列腺癌患者血清PSA水平（P=0．007）、Gleasonscore（P=0．034）和肿瘤TNM分期（P=0．013）呈正相关,而与年龄（P=0．179）无明显相关性;对照组和模型组分别有2只、9只SD大鼠前列腺组织sox9染色阳性,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P=0．005）。结论：SOX9基因的高表达与肿瘤的恶性程度相关,可结合血清PSA水平对前列腺癌疑似患者进行早期诊断并判断前列腺癌的恶性程度,还可用来预测生化复发速度。     

Beclin-1在非小细胞肺癌中的表达与意义

目的 探讨白噬重要调控因子Beclin-1在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)中的表达及其临床意义.方法 收集150例非小细胞肺癌患者的癌组织及癌旁组织并制成组织芯片,应用免疫组化的方法检测Beclin-l在肺癌组织及癌旁组织中的表达情况.分析Beclin-1的表达与肺癌不同临床参数之间的关系并对病例进行生存分析.结果 Beclin-1在肺癌组织的阳性表达率(26.00％)显著低于癌旁组织(82.00％)(P＜0.05);肺鳞癌组织中Beclin-1的阳性表达率(34.66％)显著高于肺腺癌(17.34％)(P＜0.05);Beclin-1的表达率在不同性别、年龄、分化程度、淋巴结转移、远处转移组间无显著差异(P＞0.05);Beclin-1阴性表达的非小细胞肺癌患者的生存率显著低于阳性表达的患者(P＜0.05).结论 Beclin-1可能是一个非小细胞肺癌治疗的新的靶点,有可能成为非小细胞肺癌病理类型判断的辅助指标和预后评估候选指标之一.     

乙酰辅酶A乙酰转移酶1在前列腺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨乙酰辅酶A乙酰转移酶1(ACAT1)在前列腺癌中的表达情况及临床意义。方法采用免疫组化染色,检测63例前列腺癌组织及癌旁正常组织中ACAT1的表达情况。结果ACAT1在前列腺癌组织及正常前列腺组织中的表达阳性率分别81.0%和20.6%,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),且与前列腺癌患者年龄、前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)水平无关(P＞0.05),但与Gleason score(GS)及肿瘤病理分期有关(P＜0.05)。结论ACAT1的表达在前列腺癌组织中显著高于癌旁正常组织,与前列腺癌GS评分和肿瘤病理分期有关。ACAT1可能是早期前列腺癌的标志。     

自噬相关蛋白Beclin-1在乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨自噬相关蛋白Beclin-1在乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达及临床意义。方法采用免疫组织化学Envision法检测72例乳腺浸润性导管癌及癌旁乳腺组织以及Bechn-1的表达和定位,以21例乳腺良性病变（包括10例乳腺纤维腺瘤、5例单纯性乳腺导管上皮增生和6例乳腺小叶增生）作为对照,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果癌旁乳腺组织及乳腺良性病变组中Beclin-1表达阳性率均为100％,乳腺浸润性导管癌组为47．2％（34／72）,表达率明显降低（P〈O．01）;癌组织中Beclin-1的表达与肿瘤的病理分级和ki-67细胞阳性率相关（P均〈0．05）,与患者的年龄、肿块大小、淋巴结转移情况及临床TNM分期无关（P均〉0．05）。结论Beclin-1在乳腺浸润性导管癌中表达下调,并与肿瘤细胞增殖能力相关。     

NEK2与前列腺癌预后的相关研究

目的 研究NEK2(中心体相关激酶2)在前列腺癌和良性组织中的表达情况及其与前列腺癌预后的相关性.方法 运用qRT-PCR检测NEK2在前列腺癌和癌旁组织的表达差异,通过组织芯片免疫组化染色检测的方法检验NEK2在前列腺癌和癌旁组织的表达情况,最后使用Taylor的数据对NEK2进行生物信息学分析. 结果 qRT-PCR检测NEK2在前列腺癌组织的表达显著高于癌旁组织(6.93±0.15 vs 5.38±0.4,t=6.25,P=0.003),组织芯片免疫组化结果显示NEK2在前列腺癌组织的表达显著高于癌旁组织(5.84±0.56 vs 4.27±0.49,t=5.38, P<0.001),结合Taylor公用数据库分析,NEK2高表达组患者术后的生化复发生存率减少(x2=4.33,P=0.037),NEK2高表达组和低表达组在前列腺癌总体生存率上没有明显区别(x2=0.27,P=0.605).结论 NEK2参与前列腺癌的发生、发展进程,同前列腺癌发病进程密切相关,通过检测前列腺癌患者NEK2的表达情况,可早期预测生化复发的概率,能够作为判断前列腺癌预后的潜在生物学标志物.     

Twist1在食管癌中的表达及其临床意义研究

目的 研究Twist1在食管鳞状细胞癌中的表达情况,探讨其在食管癌演变的过程中的作用及临床意义.方法 用Western blot和免疫组织化学法检测正常食管组织、食管癌旁组织(距癌组织2 cm内组织)、食管鳞癌组织中Twist1的表达情况并阐明其与性别、年龄、肿瘤位置、细胞分化程度、临床分期、T分期以及有无淋巴结转移等的关系.结果 Twist1在食管鳞癌组织中阳性表达率(74.7％)明显高于癌旁组织(49.3％)和正常食管组织(38.4％),差异有统计学意义(P =0.000).食管鳞状细胞癌中Twist1的阳性表达率在不同细胞分化程度、临床分期、T分期组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),在不同性别、年龄、肿瘤部位、有无淋巴结转移组间差异无统计学意义.正常食管组织组、癌旁组织组、食管鳞癌组织组间Twist1的相对表达量差异有统计学意义(F=6.263,P=0.002).结论 Twist1可能参与了食管鳞状细胞癌的发生、发展及恶性转化过程,检测Twist1有助于食管鳞癌的诊断、判断其恶性程度.     

肥胖与根治性前列腺切除术后前列腺癌生化复发的关系

 近年来人群中肥胖的比例不断上升,而肥胖与多种恶性肿瘤的发生、发展和死亡呈正相关,其中包括前列腺癌。前列腺癌是老年男性中高发的恶性肿瘤,目前有研究表明肥胖会导致前列腺癌的发生率及死亡率升高,并且认为肥胖与前列腺癌患者在接受根治性前列腺切除术后生化复发呈正相关。但也有部分研究认为两者之间无统计学意义上的相关性。本文通过回顾国内外以体质指数(body mass index,BMI)为指标和随访观察有无生化复发的研究文献,探讨肥胖与根治性前列腺切除术后前列腺癌生化复发的关系。     

miRNA-449b在胃癌组织中的表达及与淋巴结转移的关系

目的:通过对胃癌组织及癌旁组织中miRNA-449b表达的比较,分析miRNA-449b与胃癌发生及淋巴结转移的关系,为进一步探讨其在胃癌中的作用机制提供依据。方法:收集30例胃癌及癌旁组织标本,提取组织总RNA;茎环法反转录成c DNA;用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测miRNA-449b在组织中的表达水平。结果:相比于癌旁组织,miRNA-449b在胃癌组织中有23例(76.67%)表达下调,7例(23.33%)表达上调,其平均表达水平低于癌旁组织,差异有统计学意义(t=2.395,P=0.023,P<0.05)。miRNA-449b在17例有淋巴结转移的样本中16例表达下调(94.12%),13例无淋巴结转移的样本只有7例表达下调(53.85%),淋巴结转移组与无淋巴结转移组miRNA-449b的下调比例,经卡方检验,差异有统计学意义(P=0.025,P<0.05)。结论:miRNA-449b与胃癌的发生及淋巴结转移相关。     

PBK在前列腺癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的 分析PBK在前列腺癌中的表达及临床意义.方法 利用前列腺癌的组织芯片,包含98例前列腺癌及81例对照癌旁组织作为研究对象,免疫组化方法检测PBK的表达情况,并运用统计学方法分析免疫组化芯片及Taylor数据库中PBK表达与前列腺癌临床病理特征之间的关系.结果 PBK在前列腺癌中表达明显升高(P=0.001);且在Gleason高评分组的表达比低评分组表达升高(P=0.001).Taylor数据库得到相似结果,且运用Kaplan-Meier分析发现PBK与无生化复发生存率显著相关(P=0.007),最后采用Cox回归模型进行多因素综合分析发现在影响前列腺癌预后的队列中,PBK高表达(P=0.041)与Gleason评分、病理分期都是前列腺癌生化复发的独立预测指标.结论 PBK的表达与前列腺癌密切相关,可作为临床诊断及治疗的分子标志物.     

前列腺癌中雄激素受体及血清PSA、FPSAR表达水平的临床意义

目的探究雄激素受体(AR)及血清前列腺特异抗原(PSA)、游离前列腺特异抗原百分率(FPSAR)在前列腺癌中的表达及其与病理特征、预后的关系。方法选择2017年7月至2019年9月崇州市人民医院收治的152例前列腺癌患者纳入前列腺癌组,另择同期行手术治疗的100例前列腺增生患者作为增生组。采用免疫组化及放射免疫法分别测定前列腺组织AR的表达及血清PSA水平,计算FPSAR值。结果前列腺癌组患者组织AR表达阳性率显著低于增生组(x~2=17.934,P0.05),血清PSA显著高于增生组(t=26.919,P0.05),FPSAR水平显著低于增生组(t=7.327,P0.05),差异均有统计学意义。组织中AR的表达、血清PSA水平与前列腺癌患者分化程度、临床分期、Gleason评分、骨转移相关,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),血清FPSAR水平与临床分期、Gleason评分、骨转移相关,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。单因素分析显示,Gleason评分、临床分期、骨转移、血清PSA水平、FPSAR水平、组织AR表达情况是影响前列腺癌患者生存时间的因素(P0.05)。多因素分析显示,骨转移、血清PSA水平及组织AR表达是影响前列腺癌患者预后的独立影响因素(P0.05)。结论前列腺癌组织AR表达及血清FPSAR水平降低,血清PSA水平升高,且与肿瘤侵袭性及预后存在一定关系。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.