难治性胃食管反流病的处理对策

难治性胃食管反流病（refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease,RGERD）是指胃食管反流病（gastroesophageal refluxdisease,GERD）患者对于标准质子泵抑制剂（proton pump inhibitor,PPI）治疗方案产生不完全或缺乏应答,持续表现严重而频繁的反流症状,故又称为“PPI治疗失败的GERD”。     

改良抗反流黏膜切除术治疗难治性胃食管反流病伴中度食管裂孔疝的可行性研究

目的评价改良抗反流黏膜切除术(anti-reflux mucosectomy, ARMS)治疗伴中度食管裂孔疝的难治性胃食管反流病(refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease, rGERD)的临床疗效及安全性。方法 2017年6月—2020年6月, 江苏省苏北人民医院消化内镜中心30例合并3～5 cm食管裂孔疝的rGERD患者根据随机数字表法分为2/3周黏膜切除组(n=15)和3/4周黏膜切除组(n=15), 分别进行相应黏膜切除范围的改良ARMS。比较手术前后胃食管反流症状、胃镜检查食管炎情况、24 h食管pH监测结果、食管下括约肌(lower esophageal sphincter, LES)静息压力, 并分析两种不同黏膜切除范围的治疗效果以及并发症发生率。结果 2/3周黏膜切除组患者术后6个月较术前的胃食管反流病评分(9.53±0.36比11.93±0.57, t=6.874, P<0.001)、酸暴露时间(19.81%±1.72%比31.45%±2.78%, t=8.020, P<0.001)、DeMeester评分(40...     

食管裂孔疝合并胃食管反流病合并胃间质细胞瘤的外科治疗

目的探讨食管裂孔疝合并胃食管反流病合并胃间质细胞瘤患者的围手术期处理及安全性。 方法统计新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院2012年10月至2015年1月收治的17例食管裂孔疝合并胃食管反流病合并胃间质细胞瘤患者的病案资料,均采用腹腔镜下微创手术,其中单纯食管裂孔疝缝合者13例,生物补片修补者3例,强生PHY补片修补者1例。抗反流术式中行Nissen式胃底折叠术者8例,Dor式胃底折叠术者6例,Toupet式胃底折叠术者3例。病理结果提示极低危险度胃间质细胞瘤8例,低度危险度者4例,中度危险度者3例,高度危险度者1例,极高危险度者1例,回顾性总结分析该类患者围手术期的处理措施。 结果本组患者无围手术期死亡,术后无严重并发症发生,术后患者反流症状均较术前明显改善,反流时间、反流次数、酸反流时间百分比、长反流次数及DeMeester评分较术前明显降低(P<0.05),术后GERD Q量表评分较术前明显减低(P<0.05);LES压力较术前明显提高(P<0.05)。术后切口感染1例,慢性疼痛1例,给予换药、理疗后好转。2例患者术后出现进食哽噎,1例患者术后出现腹泻,嘱其少量多餐、细嚼慢咽,1个月后症状消失。合并贫血患者术后血红蛋白恢复至95 g/L,术后随访中位数10个月,无复发病例。 结论食管裂孔疝合并胃食管反流病合并胃间质细胞瘤患者病情较复杂使得手术风险大,难度高,但只要作好充分的术前准备,采用恰当的手术方式,术中谨慎、细致操作,针对性的处理术后出现的各种问题,仍是安全可行的。     

病证结合确立胃食管反流病中医辨证分型标准的思考

胃内容物（包括十二指肠液）反流入食管产生症状或并发症时，称为胃食管反流病（gastroesophageal reflux disease，GERD）。酸（碱）反流导致的食管黏膜破损称为反流性食管炎（reflux esophagitis，RE）。GERD广义地包括了食管黏膜破损或无破损，因此，可分为内镜阳性GERD和内镜阴性GERD即非糜烂性反流病（Non-erosive reflux disease，NERD）。     

食管裂孔疝、胃食管阀瓣与胃食管反流病

胃食管反流病（GERD）是指胃内容物反流入食管,引起不适症状和（或）并发症的一种疾病。GERD患病率国内为5．77％,而国外为7％-15％（亦有高达20％以上者）。近年研究显示,食管裂孔疝（HH）及胃食管阀瓣（GEFV）与GERD发生密切相关。现将HH、GEFV与GERD的关系综述如下。     

胃食管反流病与食管裂孔疝外科临床研究现状与争议

<正>胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD)与食管裂孔疝的危害日益受到重视,在许多医疗机构都建立了胃食管反流病门诊或中心,由于GERD和食管裂孔疝的食管外并发症隐匿、复杂和长期误诊,患者遭受来自躯体和精神损害的多重打击,多学科联合诊治胃食管反流病的模式越来越多的建立起来。在中国科学院汪忠镐院士积极倡议和大力推广下,新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院克力木教授团队联合30余个涵盖几乎所有临床科室,成立了     

胃食管反流性疾病的研究回顾

0 引言胃食管反流性疾病(gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD)常见.据近年对北京、上海成人的调查资料统计,GERD 的患病率为5.77%,反流性食管炎(reflux esophagitis,RE)的患病率接近2%.广义的 GERD 主要包括十二指肠胃反流(duodenogastricreflux,DGR),胃食管反流(gastro-oesophageal reflux,GOR)和十二指肠胃食管反流(duodenogastro-oesophageal reflux,DGOR).     

非糜烂性胃食管反流病的研究及中西医治疗进展

非糜烂性胃食管反流病（non—erosive reflux disease,NERD）是胃食管反流病（gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD）的一种类型,又称内镜下阴性GERD。GERD还包括反流性食管炎（reflux esophagitis,RE）和Barrett食管（Barrett esopha-gus,BE）两种类型。其中RE可见食管远端黏膜破损,BE是指食管远端鳞状上皮被柱状上皮所取代,它们共称为胃食管反流相关性疾病[1]。     

老年胃食管反流病的诊断及治疗进展

1老年胃食管反流病的流行病学特征 胃食管反流病（gastroesophageal reflux diseases,GERD）是指胃内容物反流引起的不适症状和／或并发症的一种疾病。GERD是老年人常见的消化系统疾病之一。     

夜间酸突破现象与胃食管反流病

胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease，GERD)是指胃或十二指肠内容物反流入食管导致的一系列慢性症状和食管黏膜损伤，包括非糜烂性反流性食管病(non—erosive reflx disease，NERD)和传统意义上的反流性食管炎(reflux esophagitis，RE)及其并发症如食管狭窄、食管溃疡和Barrett食管等。     

Satisfaction with ambulatory care of persons with AIDS

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation of patient characteristics and site of care to the perception of ambulatory care quality by persons with AIDS (PWAs). DESIGN: Patient surveys and medical record review were used to determine PWAs’ perceptions of their ambulatory care, self-perceived health status, primary care relationships, sociodemographic characteristics, and severity of illness. SETTING: A public-hospital HIV clinic, an academic group practice, and a staff-model health maintenance organization (HMO) that together care for 20% of all Massachusetts PWAs. PATIENTS: All active patients as of February 12, 1990, and all new AIDS patients at each of the three sites during the subsequent 13 months. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN BESULTS: The primary outcome measure was a six-item scale of patient-rated quality of care (PRQC), a newly developed measure that combined patients’ ratings of their physician care, nursing care, involvement in medical decisions, and overall quality of care. Multiple logistic regression was carried out with low PRQC (lowest quart He) as the dependent variable, to identify correlates of patient perceptions of poor quality. Patients who had a primary nurse were significantly less likely to have low PRQC scores (OR=0.50, 95% CI=0.26 to 0.97). Black patients and patients who used injection drugs were significantly more likely to rate their care in the lowest quartile (OR=2.22, 95% CI=1.04 to 4.78; and OR=2.43, 95% CI=1.13 to 5.23, respectively), as were those who had lower self-perceived health status, after controlling for confounders; no association was found by site or severity. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that primary nursing may be an important determinant of how PWAs rate the quality of their ambulatory care. Furthermore, PWAs who are black or who are injection drug users are less satisfied than are others with the quality of their ambulatory AIDS care. Presented in part at the annual meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine, April 30, 1993, Arlington, Virginia. Supported by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, grant number HS06239.     

Treatment of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome with Bosentan

We treated prospectively 14 patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome, with a mean age of 10 years, ranging from 3 to 18 years. Treatment continued for 12 months, and demonstrated a lasting symptomatic improvement, but no improvement in terms of mean saturation of oxygen over 24 hours. Exercise capacity, as judged by peak uptake of oxygen, worsened in the six patients able to perform a treadmill test. The symptomatic benefit from dual blockage of endothelin receptors in these patients may be due to mechanisms other than selective pulmonary vasodilatation alone.     

Experience with the treatment of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with obsidan and isoptin

Forty-five patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were examined clinically and echocardiographically. The results of their treatment with obsidan and isoptin in relation to various types of central hemodynamic disorders are presented. The data have been obtained making it possible to treat patients differentially with regard to the form of the disease. The treatment of this category of patients requires the echocardiographic monitoring of the parameters of the central hemodynamics and myocardial contractility.     

分析老年糖尿病患者应用甘精胰岛素联合阿卡波糖治疗的效果

目的探讨甘精胰岛素联合阿卡波糖在老年糖尿病患者中的临床疗效。方法选取该院2018年7月—2019年7月收治的113例老年糖尿病患者作为研究对象,经随机数字表法,划分A组(n=56,阿卡波糖)和B组(n=57,甘精胰岛素+阿卡波糖),比较两组临床疗效、血糖指标。结果B组患者临床治疗总有效率显著高于A组;经治疗,B组患者空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)水平明显低于A组。两组之间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在老年糖尿病患者中应用甘精胰岛素+阿卡波糖,临床疗效显著,使患者的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白等指标得到了明显改善,安全性强。     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.     

以肥厚性硬脑膜炎为主要表现的肉芽肿性多血管炎临床病例分析

目的探讨肉芽肿性多血管炎(GPA)继发肥厚性硬脑膜炎(HCP)的临床特点。方法回顾性分析北京协和医院2004—2018年收治的GPA继发HCP病例资料的特点。结果①GPA患者315例,19例继发HCP,占6.0%;②男性12例,女性7例;年龄19~64岁,中位年龄57岁。③神经系统表现:19例均有头痛,16例颅神经受累。受累部位:额部8例,颞部8例,颅底8例(鞍旁4例,其中海绵窦3例,眶尖2例),小脑幕6例,大脑镰2例,顶部1例,枕部1例,1例合并硬脊膜炎。④系统表现:发热10例,体质量下降8例,肺部受累4例,肾脏受累3例,16例鼻窦炎,10例中耳炎,16例局限型GPA。⑤15例ANCA抗体阳性,8例蛋白酶3(PR3)-ANCA阳性,6例髓过氧化物酶(MPO)-ANCA阳性。⑥16例行腰椎穿刺检查:脑脊液压力9例升高、5例正常、2例降低;脑脊液蛋白升高10例。⑦15例(78.9%)伯明翰系统性血管炎评分(BVAS)>15分。⑧19例均使用糖皮质激素、免疫抑制剂治疗,其中12例行甲泼尼龙冲击治疗,12例鞘内注射地塞米松(或+甲氨蝶呤),19例病情均缓解。结论HCP是GPA少见且严重的表现,主要表现为颅高压和颅神经受累,多见于局限型GPA患者,常伴有全身疾病的活动,需积极治疗。