青少年抑郁障碍患者失眠与自杀意念的关系：反刍思维的中介作用

目的 探讨青少年抑郁障碍患者反刍思维在失眠与自杀意念之间的中介效应,为自杀意念的干预提供参考。方法 连续选取2020年1月-12月在德阳市人民医院心身医学科就诊的、符合《精神障碍诊断与统计手册（第5版）》（DSM-5）抑郁障碍诊断标准的302例青少年抑郁障碍患者为研究对象。使用失眠严重程度指数量表（ISI）、反刍思维量表（RRS）和青少年自杀意念量表（PANSI）对患者的睡眠情况、反刍思维和自杀意念进行评定。采用Process v3.2程序对反刍思维在失眠与自杀意念之间的中介效应进行分析,设置模型序号为4,采用偏差校正的非参数百分位Bootstrap法对中介效应进行检验。结果 青少年抑郁障碍患者ISI评分与PANSI评分呈正相关（r=0.400,P<0.01）,与RRS总评分以及强迫思考和反省深思因子评分均呈正相关（r=0.378、0.360、0.333,P均<0.01）;RRS与PANSI评分亦呈正相关（r=0.292,P<0.01）。反刍思维在失眠与自杀意念之间起部分中介效应（β=0.174,95%CI:0.098～0.261）。结论 反刍思维在青少年抑郁障碍患者...     

有自杀意念的儿童青少年双相障碍抑郁发作患者SLC6A4 基因甲基化研究

目的 探讨儿童青少年双相障碍（PBD）抑郁发作患者自杀意念与SLC6A4基因甲基化 的关系。方法 选取 2020 年 12 月至 2022 年 12 月于新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院临床心理科住院的 43 例 PBD 抑郁发作患者为研究对象。采用自杀意念自评量表（SIOSS）评估患者的自杀意念，将总分≥ 12 分且掩饰因子得分＜ 4 分的患者纳入有自杀意念组（n=29），将总分＜ 12 分的患者纳入无自杀意念组 （n=14）。采用 Methprimer 软件对SLC6A4基因启动子区进行甲基化岛预测和甲基化引物设计，将提取好 的DNA经亚硫酸盐转化后进行PCR扩增和焦磷酸盐测序，确定甲基化的CpG位点和甲基化率。比较两组 患者SLC6A4基因不同位点甲基化的差异，采用 Spearman 相关分析基因甲基化与自杀意念的相关性。 结果 基因甲基化检测结果显示，两组患者SLC6A4基因甲基化的位点包括 CpG1、CpG2.3、CpG4、 CpG5.6位点。有自杀意念组与无自杀意念组患者CpG1、CpG2.3、CpG4位点的基因甲基化率比较［48.28% （14/29）比 8/14、96.55%（28/29）比 14/14、20.69%（6/29）比 6/14］，差异无统计学意义（χ2 =0.297、0.494、2.306； P＞ 0.05）。有自杀意念组患者的 CpG5.6 位点基因甲基化率高于无自杀意念组［68.97%（20/29）比 5/14］， 差异有统计学意义（χ2 =4.289，P＜ 0.05）。相关分析结果显示，PBD 抑郁发作患者的 SIOSS 得分与 SLC6A4基因甲基化CpG1位点、CpG2.3位点、CpG4位点不存在相关性（r=-0.244、-0.210、-0.281；P＞0.05）； 与甲基化 CpG5.6 位点呈正相关（r=0.312，P＜ 0.05）。结论 PBD 抑郁发作患者的自杀意念与SLC6A4基 因甲基化 CpG5.6 位点有关，为明确其自杀意念的发生原因提供了基础。     

中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值与脑梗死患者颅内外 动脉粥样硬化及狭窄的关系

目的 研究中性粒细胞/ 淋巴细胞比值（NLR）与脑梗死患者颅内外动脉粥样硬化及狭窄 的关系。方法 选取2016 年6 月—2017 年6 月在中国医科大学附属盛京医院神经内科住院的急性缺 血性卒中202 例为脑梗死组,根据急性卒中治疗低分子肝素试验（TOAST）亚型分类标准将脑梗死组分 为大动脉粥样硬化脑梗死组及非大动脉粥样硬化脑梗死组,选取同期无脑动脉硬化无脑梗死患者109 例 为对照组,并对大动脉粥样硬化脑梗死组中32 例患者进行随访,在发病后1～6 个月内于我院门诊复查 NLR 值,比较脑梗死急性期及恢复期NLR 水平;依据头部MRA 及颈部血管超声分为单纯颅内动脉粥样 硬化狭窄组、单纯颅外动脉粥样硬化狭窄组、颅内外动脉粥样硬化狭窄组和非狭窄组;分别比较组间 一般临床特征,将P＜ 0.05 各变量纳入多元Logistic 回归分析。根据动脉粥样硬化部位及程度将脑梗死 组分为不同亚组,比较组间NLR 水平。结果 脑梗死组NLR 水平显著高于对照组（P＜ 0.05）,随访患者 的脑梗死恢复期与急性期NLR 水平比较差异无统计学意义（P＞ 0.05）;对颅内动脉粥样硬化狭窄进行 多因素Logistic 回归分析,在校正其他相关危险因素后,NLR 与颅内动脉粥样硬化明显相关（OR=2.393, 95%CI=1.389～4.123,P＜ 0.05）;不同动脉粥样硬化狭窄部位及程度组间两两NLR 比较,差异无统计学 意义（P＞ 0.05）。结论 NLR 水平与脑梗死相关,与脑梗死急性时相无关;NLR 与颅内外动脉粥样硬化 狭窄相关,可能成为颅内动脉粥样硬化狭窄的独立危险因素;NLR 与颅内外动脉粥样硬化狭窄程度及 部位无明显相关性。     

中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值和血小板/淋巴细胞比值与前庭神经炎的相关性研究

目的 探讨中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,NLR)和血小板/淋巴细胞比值(platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio,PLR)与前庭神经炎(vestibular neuritis,VN)的相关性.方法 选取2016年1月-2020年12月在中国科学院...     

视神经脊髓炎谱系病患者中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值血小板/淋巴细胞比值与疾病活动的关系

目的 探索视神经脊髓炎谱系病(NMOSD)患者中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)及血小板/淋巴细胞比值(PLR)与疾病活动的关系.方法 回顾性分析2015年1月至2019年6月北京大学第三医院收治的NMOSD患者临床资料、实验室检查和影像学资料,计算NLR和PLR.并与100例健康体检者的NLR和PLR做比较.结果 共...     

重性抑郁障碍患者血清胆固醇水平与抑郁、自杀意念的相关分析

目的:探讨重性抑郁障碍(MDD)患者血清总胆固醇(TC)水平与抑郁、自杀意念的相关性。方法:收集108例MDD患者的一般及临床资料,检测其血清TC水平,并据此分为TC异常组和TC正常组,采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表-17项(HAMD-17)、自杀意念自评量表(SIOSS)对两组患者进行评定;采用Logistic回归方法对各相关因素进行分析。结果:入组的MDD患者中,44例(40. 7%)入TC异常组,64例入TC正常组; TC异常组HAMD-17总分及其中焦虑/躯体化、认知障碍、睡眠障碍因子分、以及SIOSS总分显著高于TC正常组(P均0. 01);以血清TC水平为因变量的Logistic回归分析显示,HAMD中的焦虑/躯体化因子和SIOSS总分纳入方程(P 0. 05或P 0. 01)。结论:MDD患者血清TC水平越高,其焦虑/躯体化症状和自杀意念越重。     

社会支持对重性抑郁障碍患者自杀意念的影响

目的探讨社会支持对重性抑郁障碍(MDD)患者自杀意念的影响,为临床降低其自杀意念、减少自杀行为的发生提供参考。方法采用二阶段调查法,以在武汉市精神卫生中心门诊就诊的、符合《精神障碍诊断与统计手册(第4版)》(DSM-IV)诊断标准的1135例MDD患者为研究对象。采用患者健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)进行调查,采用二元Logistic回归分析探讨MDD患者自杀意念的影响因素。结果1135例MDD患者中,有688例(60.62%)存在自杀意念,有自杀意念者PHQ-9评分高于无自杀意念者,差异有统计学意义[(14.18±5.02)分vs.(11.07±4.61)分,t=10.497,P<0.01]。有自杀意念者的主观支持、对支持的利用度及SSRS总评分均低于无自杀意念者,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。以自杀意念为因变量,以客观支持、主观支持、对支持利用度及PHQ-9评分为自变量的二元Logistic回归模型为logit(P)=-0.286+0.026X1-0.035X2-0.063X3+0.128X4,其中主观支持和抑郁均对自杀意念有预测作用(B=-0.035、0.128,P<0.05或0.01)。结论存在抑郁症状及缺乏社会支持(尤其是主观支持)可能是MDD患者出现自杀意念的危险因素。     

中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值预测急性腔隙性脑梗死患者病情进展的临床价值

目的分析中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)对急性腔隙性脑梗死患者病情进展的预测价值。方法根据病情进展与否将2012年2月～2017年1月收治的230例急性腔隙性脑梗死患者分为进展组(40例)与非进展组(190例),记录各组中性粒细胞绝对值、淋巴细胞绝对值等指标,计算NLR。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析NLR等对急性腔隙性脑梗死患者病情进展预测的特异度、敏感度,Pearson相关性分析NLR等指标与mRS评分的关系。结果进展组NLR、白细胞计数、中性粒细胞绝对值均显著高于非进展组(P 0. 05);淋巴细胞绝对值显著低于非进展组(P 0. 05)。NLR对进展性腔隙性脑梗死(PLI)预测曲线下面积(AUC)为0. 800,最佳临界值3. 25,敏感度85. 06%,特异度70. 68%;白细胞计数、中性粒细胞绝对值、淋巴细胞绝对值对PLI预测AUC分别为0. 650、0. 745、0. 615。进展组预后良好率显著低于非进展组(P 0. 05)。NLR、中性粒细胞绝对值、白细胞计数与mRS评分正相关(P 0. 05)。结论 NLR值对急性腔隙性脑梗死患者病情进展有一定的预测价值,有可能作为患者预后评估的有效指标。     

负性生活事件对抑郁障碍青少年自杀意念的影响：母子依恋的中介作用

目的 探究负性生活事件对抑郁障碍青少年自杀意念的影响及母子依恋在其中的作用,为降低抑郁障碍青少年的自杀意念提供参考。方法 纳入2020年5月-2021年4月在重庆医科大学附属第一医院精神科门诊及住院部就诊、符合《国际疾病分类（第10版）》（ICD-10）抑郁障碍诊断标准的青少年145例,采用青少年生活事件量表（ASLEC）、父母与同伴依恋量表（IPPA）中文简版和贝克自杀意念量表中文版（BSI-CV）进行评定。使用Bootstrap方法进行中介效应检验。结果 抑郁障碍青少年BSI-CV评分与ASLEC评分呈正相关（r=0.453,P<0.01）,BSI-CV评分与IPPA母子依恋评分呈负相关（r=-0.165,P<0.01）;母子依恋在负性生活事件与自杀意念间的部分中介效应显著,中介效应值为0.008,占总效应值（0.055）的14.55%。结论 抑郁障碍青少年的自杀意念可能与较多的负性生活事件与较差的母子依恋有关,母子依恋在其负性生活事件与自杀意念间起部分中介作用。     

血脂水平及血脂综合指标与抑郁障碍患者自杀意念、临床特征的关系

目的:探讨血脂水平及血脂综合指标与抑郁障碍(MDD)患者自杀意念及临床特征的关系。方法:根据汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项(HAMD-17)条目3"自杀"评分≥1为界将122例首发MDD患者分为有自杀意念组(94例)及无自杀意念组(28例);对两组人口学资料、HAMD-17各维度评分、血脂水平[总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)]及血脂综合指标[动脉硬化指数(AI)、血浆致动脉硬化指数(AIP)、脂蛋白结合指数(LCI)]进行比较;采用Pearson相关分析研究差异指标与自杀意念等临床特征的关系。结果:有自杀意念组TG和LCI明显低于无自杀意念组(P均<0.05)。血清TG水平与HAMD-17条目3的得分呈负相关(r=-0.221,P=0.015),与睡眠障碍因子分呈正相关(r=0.238,P=0.008)。患者LCI与HAMD-17条目3的得分(r=-0.260,P=0.004)及认知障碍因子分(r=-0.192,P=0.034)呈负相关,与睡眠障碍因子分呈正相关(r=0.203,P=0.025)。结论:血清TG水平和LCI降低与MDD患...     

Specific coping behaviors in relation to adolescent depression and suicidal ideation

The coping strategies used by adolescents to deal with stress may have implications for the development of depression and suicidal ideation. This study examined coping categories and specific coping behaviors used by adolescents to assess the relation of coping to depression and suicidal ideation. In hierarchical regression models, the specific coping behaviors of behavioral disengagement and self-blame were predictive of higher levels of depression; depression and using emotional support were predictive of suicidal ideation. Results suggest that specific behaviors within the broad coping categories of emotion-focused coping (e.g., self-blame) and avoidant coping (e.g., behavioral disengagement) account for these categories’ associations with depression and suicidal ideation. Specific problem-focused coping strategies did not independently predict lower levels of depression or suicidal ideation. It may be beneficial for interventions to focus on eliminating maladaptive coping behaviors in addition to introducing or enhancing positive coping behaviors.     

不同家庭类型抑郁症患者自杀意念的差异性研究

目的探讨不同家庭类型的抑郁症患者自杀意念的差异性。方法采用一般情况调查表、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、自杀意念自评量表(SIOSS)、家庭亲密度与适应性评定量表(FACESII-CV)对新疆自治区人民医院临床心理科住院并愿意参与研究的114例符合《国际疾病分类(第10版)》(ICD-10)的心境障碍-抑郁发作诊断标准的患者进行调查,按照FACESII-CV评分标准,分为极端型40例,中间型43例,平衡型31例。结果三种家庭自杀意念发生率明显不同,极端型家庭自杀意念发生率高于中间型和平衡型家庭,差异有统计学意义(80.0%vs.46.5%vs.48.4%,P均0.05)。三种家庭类型患者的SIOSS总评分、绝望因子、乐观因子、睡眠因子、掩饰因子评分差异均有统计学意义(P0.05或0.01)。两两比较分析发现:极端型SIOSS总评分、绝望因子、乐观因子、睡眠因子评分高于中间型和平衡型,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05或0.01);中间型乐观因子评分高于平衡型,掩饰因子评分高于极端型,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.01);三种家庭类型的其余各因子评分差异均无统计学意义(P均0.05)。抑郁症患者SIOSS评分与受教育程度呈正相关,与经济状况、家庭亲密度评分、家庭适应性评分呈负相关(P均0.05)。结论极端型家庭抑郁症患者的绝望感更强、乐观性更差、睡眠更差、自杀风险更高;受教育程度越高、经济状况越差、家庭亲密度越差,抑郁症患者自杀的风险越高。     

Unique relations among anxiety sensitivity factors and anxiety,depression, and suicidal ideation

Anxiety sensitivity (AS) is composed of three lower-order dimensions, cognitive concerns, physical concerns, and social concerns. We examined the relations between AS dimensions using a more adequate assessment of subscales (ASI-3) than has previously been used, and measures of anxiety and mood disorders as well as suicidal ideation in a sample of 256 (M age = 37.10 years, SD = 16.40) treatment-seeking individuals using structural equation modeling. AS cognitive concerns was uniquely associated with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), major depressive disorder (MDD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and suicidal ideation. AS physical concerns was uniquely associated with OCD, social anxiety disorder (SAD), panic disorder (PD), and specific phobia. AS social concerns was uniquely associated with SAD, GAD, OCD, and MDD. These results highlight the importance of considering the lower-order AS dimensions when examining the relations between AS and psychopathology.     

Hours of sleep in adolescents and its association with anxiety,emotional concerns,and suicidal ideation

ObjectivesAnxiety and concerns in daily life may result in sleep problems and consistent evidence suggests that inadequate sleep has several negative consequences on cognitive performance, physical activity, and health. The aim of our study was to evaluate the association between mean hours of sleep per night, psychologic distress, and behavioral concerns.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis of the correlation between the number of hours of sleep per night and the Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (Z-SAS), the Paykel Suicidal Scale (PSS), and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), was performed on 11,788 pupils (mean age ± standard deviation [SD], 14.9 ± 0.9; 55.8% girls) from 11 different European countries enrolled in the SEYLE (Saving and Empowering Young Lives in Europe) project.ResultsThe mean number of reported hours of sleep per night during school days was 7.7 (SD, ±1.3), with moderate differences across countries (r = 0.06; P < .001). A reduced number of sleeping hours (less than the average) was more common in girls (β = 0.10 controlling for age) and older pupils (β = 0.10 controlling for sex). Reduced sleep was found to be associated with increased scores on SDQ subscales of emotional (β = −0.13) and peer-related problems (β = −0.06), conduct (β = −0.07), total SDQ score (β = −0.07), anxiety (Z-SAS scores, β = −10), and suicidal ideation (PSS, β = −0.16). In a multivariate model including all significant variables, older age, emotional and peer-related problems, and suicidal ideation were the variables most strongly associated with reduced sleep hours, though female gender, conduct problems measured by the SDQ, and anxiety only showed modest effects (β = 0.03–0.04).ConclusionsOur study supports evidence that reduced hours of sleep are associated with potentially severe mental health problems in adolescents. Because sleep problems are common among adolescents partly due to maturational processes and changes in sleep patterns, parents, other adults, and adolescents should pay more attention to their sleep patterns and implement interventions, if needed.     

精神分裂症患者自杀与自知力的关系

目的本文探讨了258例精神分裂患者的自知力与自杀的关系。方法对258例符合CCDM-3诊断为精神分裂症的患者,用精神障碍自知力评估量表来评定患者对精神症状的自知程度,并分析自知力与自杀的关系。结果有自杀的精神分裂症患者对阴性症状和妄想的自知力明显好于没有自杀的患者。相反,对精神障碍的总体自知力程度并不能预测自杀。结论本文对自知力与自杀相关联的观念是支持的。     

Parental expressed emotion and suicidal ideation in adolescents with bipolar disorder

Family environmental variables are risk factors for recurrent courses of mood disorder in adolescents. The present study examined the association between parental expressed emotion (EE)—critical, hostile and/or emotionally overinvolved attitudes toward a concurrently ill offspring—and suicidal ideation in adolescents with bipolar disorder. The sample consisted of 95 adolescents with a bipolar I or II diagnosis who had experienced a mood episode in the prior 3 months. Participants (mean age=15.54 years, S.D.=1.4) were interviewed and completed questionnaires regarding current and past suicidal ideation prior to their participation in a treatment trial. Parents completed five-minute speech samples from which levels of EE were assessed. High EE attitudes in parents were associated with current suicidal ideation in adolescents. This relationship was independent of the effects of age, gender, current depressive or manic symptoms, comorbid diagnoses, bipolar I/II subtypes, family adaptability, and family cohesion. These results underscore the importance of addressing the emotional reactivity of caregivers in treating adolescents with bipolar disorder who have suicidal ideation.     

Suidical ideation in severe depression

Suicidal ideation and communication were investigated for 89 suicide victims with a primary severe depression and matched controls. The selection of patients was based on multiaxial ratings of all hospitalised patients between 1956 and 1969. A blind record evaluation was performed, including scores on Beck's Scale for Suicidal Ideation and additional items apart from that scale. There was no relation between high scores on the Beck's scale and completed suicide. In the male group, suicidal ideation “beyond one's own will” was related to suicide. Female suicides that had made an attempt showed higher suicidal ideation than female suicides who had not. A substantial minority of the women (22%) committed suicide without showing any previous intent. Only 5% of the male suicides had shown no previous intent to commit suicide. Received: 4 December 1998 / Accepted: 8 February 2000     

Body image dissatisfaction as an important contributor to suicidal ideation in Korean adolescents: Gender difference and mediation of parent and peer relationships

Objectives

This study was to examine not only the contribution of body image dissatisfaction to suicidal ideation, according to gender, but the mediating role of parent and peer relationships on the association between body image dissatisfaction and suicidal ideation.

Methods

Data from the 2004 Korean Education and Employment Panel, a school-based survey administered to a nationally representative sample of Korean adolescents, are used in the study. With the exception of participants with missing data on important questions (suicidal ideation, self-evaluated body image, self-reported weight/height, risk factors related to suicide), information from 5426 students (2896 males and 2530 females) in grades 9 and 12 was separately analyzed along gender lines using multivariate logistic regression.

Results

In both genders, body image dissatisfaction contributed to suicidal ideation, after controlling for covariates (i.e., school type, perceived family economic hardship, parent-related negative life events, delinquent behaviors, unhealthy behaviors, and self-efficacy). Such association existed throughout all body mass index ranges, and underweight males and normal females were most vulnerable to suicidal ideation if they are dissatisfied with their bodies. Parent and peer relationships partially mediated the association between body image dissatisfaction and suicidal ideation in both genders, but these effects were very small.

Conclusions

How adolescents evaluate their body image may be an important indicator of suicidal ideation. Future research should further test the link between body dissatisfaction and suicidal ideation, even after controlling for other important forms of psychopathology known to be associated with these issues.     

Assessing measures of suicidal ideation in clinical trials with a rapid-acting antidepressant

Rapid reduction of suicidal thoughts is critical for treating suicidal patients. Clinical trials evaluating these treatments require appropriate measurement. Key methodological issues include: 1) the use of single or multi-item assessments, and 2) evaluating whether suicidal ideation measures can track rapid change over time. The current study presents data from two randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trials evaluating ketamine in individuals with treatment-resistant depression (n = 60). Participants were assessed for suicidal thoughts using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI) at eight time points over three days. Assessments were compared using correlational analyses and effect sizes at 230 min and three days after ketamine infusion. Linear mixed models evaluated change in ideation across all time points. The HAM-D and MADRS suicide items demonstrated correlations of r > .80 with the first five items of the SSI (SSI5). On linear mixed models, an effect for ketamine was found for the HAM-D, MADRS, BDI items, and SSI5 (p < .001), but not for the full SSI (p = .88), which suggests a limited ability to assess change over time in patients with low levels of suicidal thoughts. Taken together, the results suggest that repeated suicidal assessments over minutes to days appear to detect improvement in suicidal thoughts after ketamine infusion compared to placebo. The MADRS suicide item, BDI suicide item, and SSI5 may be particularly sensitive to rapid changes in suicidal thoughts.     

不同性别抑郁症患者自杀意念的相关危险因素比较

目的 研究抑郁症患者自杀意念相关因素的性别差异,为自杀的干预和预防提供更多的证据.方法 依据DSM-IV抑郁症诊断标准入组122例有自杀意念的抑郁症患者和129例无自杀意念的抑郁症患者,进行不同性别间各项目的比较分析.结果 男女抑郁症患者在婚姻、文化程度、职业、收入水平和生活事件、艾森克人格测验的内外倾向、神经质和掩饰性方面差异有统计学意义.结论 男性与女性抑郁症患者的自杀意念危险因素存在一定差异,健全的人格,积极的应对方式,良好的家庭环境,在自杀预防中有重要意义.