渐进性皮瓣转移技术治疗先天性隐匿阴茎

目的 通过总结103例先天性隐匿阴茎的临床资料,探讨渐进性皮瓣转移技术应用于先天性隐匿阴茎的诊治经验.方法 2006年7月至2008年9月,采用渐进性皮瓣转移技术治疗先天性隐匿阴茎患儿103例,年龄为6个月至12.3岁,所有病例均符合先天性隐匿阴茎的诊断,其中3例伴有明显肥胖.结果平均随访1.5年(6个月至2.5年).所有患儿阴茎外观均较满意,阴茎显露好,无包皮臃肿现象.术后1例冈阴茎根部皮肤附着不佳仍有同缩,2例患儿在阴茎根部切口处轻度裂开.结论 渐进性皮瓣转移技术治疗先天性隐匿阴茎,术后阴茎外观接近包茎术后表现,术后再回缩等并发症少.渐进性皮瓣转移技术可以作为治疗先天性隐匿阴茎的常规术式.     

改良阴茎成形术治疗重度隐匿阴茎(附42例报告)

目的介绍使用改良Shiraki术联合"V"形切口治疗42例重度隐匿阴茎的方法和效果。方法自2011年8月至2013年8月间本院对42例重度隐匿阴茎患儿采取改良Shiraki联合"V"形切口术,此改良阴茎成形术分3个主要步骤:首先分别在外板的12点处及包皮内板的3点、9点处纵向切开,阴茎皮肤脱套至阴茎根部,同时切除阴茎体外层纤维索带,充分松解阴茎体使其完全伸展;修剪重建包皮系带伸直阴茎头,修剪过宽包皮内板皮瓣,外板尽量保留,然后内外板皮瓣嵌插缝合;最后取阴茎腹侧V形切口,阴茎腹侧延长,重建阴茎阴囊角。结果手术时间约40~55 min,随访12~24个月,40例阴茎发育及外观效果满意,2例较肥胖的患者术后阴茎体显露效果不佳。13例包皮内板水肿患者术后12周内均基本消退。结论该术式操作相对简单,损伤小,外观良好,并发症少,我们认为是治疗重度隐匿阴茎比较理想的手术方式之一。     

经阴茎腹侧松解固定术治疗小儿隐匿阴茎

目的探讨治疗小儿隐匿阴茎的简单、有效的手术方法。方法采取经阴茎腹侧松解固定术治疗小儿隐匿阴茎28例,术中经阴茎腹侧,松解阴茎体周围的异常附着组织,将阴茎根部白膜固定于耻骨前筋膜和腹侧阴囊皮下筋膜层,重新建立阴茎耻骨角和阴茎阴囊角,于包皮内外板交界处环形切开,松解狭窄环,缝合包皮覆盖阴茎体。术后随访6～36个月。结果28例出院时阴茎外观形态均满意,阴茎体完全显露。术后随访期间无复发,阴茎水肿均于术后3周至半年内消退。结论采用经阴茎腹侧松解固定术治疗小儿隐匿阴茎简单有效,具有良好的美容效果,值得临床推广。     

带蒂岛状包皮内板阴茎成形术矫治完全型隐匿阴茎

目的 探讨带蒂岛状包皮内板阴茎成形术治疗完全型隐匿阴茎的疗效.方法 回顾性分析四川大学华西医院2004年11月至2009年12月采用带蒂岛状包皮内板阴茎成形术治疗的36例完全型隐匿阴茎患儿的临床资料,结合文献探讨该手术的要点及优缺点.结果 术后患儿随访3～50个月,平均17个月,36例患儿术后效果满意,包皮水肿轻,阴茎显露好,无阴茎回缩及复发,未见明显瘢痕挛缩.结论 手术是矫治隐匿阴茎的主要手段,带蒂岛状包皮内板阴茎成形术能最大限度利用包皮修复因阴茎显露而出现的阴茎皮肤短缺,术后并发症少,外观满意,是矫治阴茎皮肤严重发育不良的完全型隐匿阴茎的理想术式.     

应用改良Devine术治疗小儿隐匿阴茎

目的 探讨临床效果理想的治疗隐匿阴茎的手术方式。方法 通过改进Devine术式切口完成包皮成形，同时切除发育异常的阴茎皮肤浅筋膜层组织，并于阴茎根部二侧将白膜与皮肤浅筋膜层固定，使隐匿阴茎得到松解而被充分显露。结果 术后阴茎显露充分，外观满意，随访阴茎无明显退缩现象。结论 隐匿阴茎的形成与先天性阴茎皮肤浅筋膜层发育异常有关；彻底切除阴茎皮肤浅筋膜层纤维组织是矫正隐匿阴茎的手术关键；改良后的Devine术式手术视野显露良好，操作简单，能最大限度利用包皮修复因阴茎伸直后包皮短缺，术后阴茎外观更理想。     

Sugita法治疗重度隐匿阴茎

隐匿阴茎是一种较常见的先天性阴茎发育畸形,临床表现为阴茎外观短小,皮肤表面仅见包皮堆积,扪不到阴茎体,用手向后推挤阴茎根部皮肤可以显露正常长度阴茎体,松开后阴茎体迅速回缩.对于该病的手术治疗主要包括包皮脱套至阴茎根部、松解异常索带,重建阴茎耻骨和阴茎阴囊角,采用不同部位的皮肤进行覆盖缺损的包皮外板[1].其中包皮外板的覆盖并有良好的术后外观常常是手术的关键.     

Sugita法治疗重度隐匿阴茎

隐匿阴茎是一种较常见的先天性阴茎发育畸形,临床表现为阴茎外观短小,皮肤表面仅见包皮堆积,扪不到阴茎体,用手向后推挤阴茎根部皮肤可以显露正常长度阴茎体,松开后阴茎体迅速回缩.对于该病的手术治疗主要包括包皮脱套至阴茎根部、松解异常索带,重建阴茎耻骨和阴茎阴囊角,采用不同部位的皮肤进行覆盖缺损的包皮外板[1].其中包皮外板的覆盖并有良好的术后外观常常是手术的关键.     

Sugita法治疗重度隐匿阴茎

隐匿阴茎是一种较常见的先天性阴茎发育畸形,临床表现为阴茎外观短小,皮肤表面仅见包皮堆积,扪不到阴茎体,用手向后推挤阴茎根部皮肤可以显露正常长度阴茎体,松开后阴茎体迅速回缩.对于该病的手术治疗主要包括包皮脱套至阴茎根部、松解异常索带,重建阴茎耻骨和阴茎阴囊角,采用不同部位的皮肤进行覆盖缺损的包皮外板[1].其中包皮外板的覆盖并有良好的术后外观常常是手术的关键.     

儿童隐匿阴茎手术治疗82例

目的：探讨手术治疗儿童隐匿阴茎的疗效。方法回顾性分析2009年1月至2011年12月在本院接受手术治疗的82例隐匿阴茎患儿临床资料。术前检查显示阴茎外观短小,严重者仅见包皮堆而无阴茎体显露,用拇指和食指将阴茎周围皮肤后推可显露发育及长度基本正常的阴茎体,松手后阴茎体迅速回缩。患儿均有包皮口狭窄,阴茎头不外露。手术操作包括：松解包皮狭窄环、脱套阴茎皮肤、转移阴囊皮肤增加阴茎体皮肤覆盖、固定海绵体白膜和阴茎根部皮下组织,重建阴茎阴囊角。结果82例均获随访,平均手术年龄为5（1～13）岁,平均手术时间为40（30～70）min,平均随访时间为6（3～24）个月。术后阴茎体显露良好,阴茎体无明显回缩。结论手术可有效矫正隐匿阴茎外观,改善阴茎体显露。     

隐匿性阴茎的诊治进展

隐匿性阴茎（concealed penis）是阴茎皮肤没有正常附着于阴茎体,使阴茎隐匿于皮下的一种先天性畸形［1］。其特点是阴茎外观短小,有时体表仅见包皮,无阴茎形态。阴茎体发育良好,位于皮下,向耻骨联合方向推皮时可显露阴茎,松开后阴茎皮肤回缩。目前临床常用Bergeson［2］的定义和分类,即以阴茎显露不良（inconspicuous penis）作为总称,用来描述阴茎体积正常而外显不足的一大类问题。其中包括筋膜发育异常的隐匿性阴茎（concealed pe-nis）、皮下脂肪或巨大疝与鞘膜积液相关的埋藏阴茎（buried penis ）、阴茎阴囊角缺失的蹼状阴茎（webbed penis）、手术或创伤后包皮口瘢痕狭窄所致束缚阴茎（trapped penis）等［3］。除束缚阴茎及肥胖相关埋藏阴茎为非先天性以外,其他隐匿性阴茎病理改变都属于先天性［4］。现就隐匿性阴茎的诊治进展综述如下。     

Preputial flaps to correct buried penis

The authors developed a preputial skin flap technique to correct the buried penis which was simple and practical. This simple procedure can be applied to most boys with buried penis. In the last 3 years, we have seen 12 boys with buried penis and have been treated by using preputial flaps. The mean age is about 5.1 (from 3 to 12). By making a longitudinal incision on the ventral side of penis, the tightness of the foreskin is released and leave a diamond-shaped skin defect. It allows the penile shaft to extend out. A circumferential incision is made about 5 mm proximal to the coronal sulcus. Pedicled preputial flaps are obtained leaving optimal penile skin on the dorsal side. The preputial skin flaps are rotated onto the ventral side and tailored to cover the defect. All patients are followed for at least 3 months. Edema and swelling on the flaps are common, but improves with time. None of our patients need a second operation. The preputial flaps technique is a simple technique which allows surgeons to deal with most cases of buried penis by tailoring the flaps providing good cosmetic and functional results.     

Penoplasty for buried penis in infants and children: report of 100 cases

Purpose  The aim of this study is to report single surgeon’s experience in treatment of buried penis in children and describe the surgical technique which was developed by the senior author. Methods  Described surgical technique avoids circumferential incision at the base of the penis and thus prevents formation of post-operative lymphedema. Repair is based on a vertical incision in median raphe, complete degloving of penis and tacking its base to prepubic fascia. Shaft skin is attached to base of penis with vertical mattress sutures. Results  Patient age varied from 1 month to 11.4 years (mean 1.9 years). All patients had good to excellent outcome with uniformly improved visualization of penile shaft post-operatively. There was one case of wound infection successfully treated with oral antibiotics. Revisions were needed in 4% patients. Conclusion  Surgical correction of buried penis in infants and children is safe and effective. Described technique is applicable for essentially all cases of congenital buried penis as well as for iatrogenically entrapped penis after circumcision. In our experience there were no additional procedures required to assure skin coverage of penile shaft. An erratum to this article can be found at     

Concealed penis

A small phallus causes great concern regarding genital adequacy. A concealed penis, although of normal size, appears small either because it is buried in prepubic tissues, enclosed in scrotal tissue penis palmatus (PP), or trapped due to phimosis or a scar following circumcision or trauma. From July 1978 to January 2001 we operated upon 92 boys with concealed penises; 49 had buried penises (BP), while PP of varying degrees was noted in 14. Of 29 patients with a trapped penis, phimosis was noted in 9, post-circumcision cicatrix (PCC) in 17, radical circumcision in 2, and posttraumatic scarring in 1. The BP was corrected at 2-3 years of age by incising the inner prepuce circumferentially, degloving the penis to the penopubic junction, dividing dysgenetic bands, and suturing the dermis of the penopubic skin to Buck's fascia with nonabsorbable sutures. Patients with PP required displacement of the scrotum in addition to correction of the BP. Phimosis was treated by circumcision. Patients with a PCC were recircumcised carefully, preserving normal skin, but Z-plasties and Byars flaps were often required for skin coverage. After radical circumcision and trauma, vascularized flaps were raised to cover the defect. Satisfactory results were obtained in all cases although 2 patients with BP required a second operation. The operation required to correct a concealed penis has to be tailored to its etiology.     

改良Shiraki手术治疗隐匿性阴茎

目的 探讨改良Shiraki手术方法在隐匿性阴茎手术中的意义.方法 自2005年5月至2009年12月间对53例隐匿性阴茎患儿采用改良Shiraki手术进行治疗,其主要手术步骤是:①分别在包皮内板的3点、9点处及外板的6点、12点处纵向切开;②内板与外板分离,在阴茎白膜外层行阴茎皮肤脱套至阴茎根部,同时切除阴茎体外层纤维索带,充分松解阴茎使其完全伸展;③包皮系带横切纵缝成形使包皮内板腹侧延长;④剔除内板皮下水肿的筋膜组织,修剪过宽包皮内板皮瓣,外板尽量保留,然后内外板皮瓣嵌插缝合;⑤置Folay导尿管,用网眼纱布均匀包扎阴茎.结果 术后随访18至24个月,阴茎显露明显改善,较术前延长2～4 cm,阴茎皮肤无坏死.阴茎外形均满意,3例术后阴茎皮肤水肿,3个月后消退,此3例为初期病例;随访1年以上者阴茎肿胀基本消失.结论 采用改良Shiraki手术方法进行包皮延长成形术矫正隐匿性阴茎可获得满意的效果,与Shiraki术式相比其有如下优点:①手术操作简化,易掌握并缩短了手术时间;②皮瓣血供好,切口愈合佳,减少了皮瓣坏死的机会;另外对皮瓣淋巴回流阻断明显减轻,术后阴茎皮肤肿胀情况不明显;③不进行阴茎体固定仍可获得满意的效果,并且避免了阴茎背侧血管神经及尿道的损伤.     

改良Brisson术治疗小儿隐匿性阴茎的远期随访结果

目的 探讨改良Brisson术治疗小儿隐匿性茎的远期疗效.方法 回顾2003年1月至2005年12月在本院用改良Brisson术治疗的隐匿性阴茎病例,通过电话访问的形式让家长回答问卷,根据问卷结果评价治疗的远期疗效.结果 在成功受访的39例患儿家长中,患儿术后症状改善36例(92.3％);手术能明显改善家长对患儿阴茎显露的满意率(P＜0.01);手术有助于减轻家长对患儿阴茎显露欠佳的心理负担(P＜0.01);但对学龄期儿童,手术似乎对他们的心理状况改善帮助不大(P＞0.05).对于手术后整体外观效果有21例表示满意(53.8％),13例表示较满意(33.3％),5例表示不满意(12.8％).家长对手术效果评分平均为(8.27±1.39)分(满分10分);其中38例(97.4％)患儿家长表示会把该手术推荐给有类似情况的亲戚或朋友.结论 改良Brisson术治疗隐匿性阴茎能得到较为满意的远期效果.     

Primary lymphedema of the penis: Surgical correction by preputial unfurling

Primary lymphedema of the penis (PLP) is a rare disease. We report a case in a 2-year-old, uncircumcised boy where the uninvolved inner preputial skin was unfurled to cover the penile shaft. The uninvolved inner preputial skin is often elongated, and provides a suture-free cover of sufficient length for the small penile shaft of pediatric patients. Accepted: 12 May 2000     

带蒂岛状包皮瓣在隐匿阴茎矫治术中的应用

目的 介绍带蒂岛状包皮瓣在隐匿阴茎矫治术中的应用.方法 总结分析四川大学华西医院从1994年7月至2011年8月收治的56例应用带蒂岛状包皮瓣阴茎成形术矫治的完全型隐匿阴茎患儿的临床资料,结合文献探讨该手术的要点及优缺点.结果 所有56例患儿术后获得了1个月至7年(平均1.4年)的随访,术后效果均满意,包皮水肿轻,阴茎显露好,无阴茎回缩及复发发生,未见明显瘢痕挛缩.结论 隐匿阴茎可根据阴茎皮肤的缺失情况分为完全型和部分型以指导手术的选择并评估手术的疗效.恰当的手术年龄以学龄前为佳,伴有肥胖的隐匿阴茎患儿最好在减轻体重后考虑手术,改良Devine法治疗部分型隐匿阴茎,带蒂岛状包皮瓣阴茎成形术用于治疗完全型隐匿阴茎都有较好的手术效果.     

An alternative way to cover ventral penile skin defect in Mathieu technique.

Mathieu technique is used satisfactorily in distal penile hypospadias without chordee or with minimal chordee. After using this technique, a large defect may sometimes appear on the ventral surface of the penis. To cover the defect, a few techniques, including preputial island flap, Byar's flap and Ombrédanne-Nesbit's flap, are used. We describe a new flap to cover the defect more cosmetically. Twenty-four patients ranging in age from one year to 14 years (median age 6.5 years) were operated on. In the patients for whom the defect could not be covered primarily, a longitudinal incision was made along the midline through the penile shaft skin from penile radix up to the border of preputial skin. The relaxed penile skin, which was incised on the dorsal surface, could be approached and sutured easily on the ventral surface without stretching. The new defect that developed on the dorsal surface was closed with the prepuce matching the defect. Nine patients, two with chordee and seven without chordee, underwent this technique. The cosmetic and functional results were excellent in all patients and none of the patient's parents complained about the cosmetic aspect. Only one fistula complication, which healed spontaneously, developed on the 20th postoperative day. Considering these results, we may conclude that excellent cosmetic results can be accomplished by the use of this flap technique.     

Outpatient catheterless Mathieu repair: how to cover ventral penile skin defect.

A modification of the Mathieu repair eliminating stenting has been described by Rabinowitz which makes the method more convenient for outpatient performance. We report on our experience with this modification with special emphasis on coverage of ventral penile skin defect. To cover the raw area formed on the ventral aspect of penis with the creation of meatal based flap Rabinowitz used Byar's flap. Two different flaps prepared from prepuce were used in this series. In some patients an island flap was used. In others the prepuce was incised transversally on its dorsal aspect and transferred to the ventral surface as a bipedicle visor flap, as described by Ombrédanne and popularized by Nesbit. Twenty-two patients ranging in age from one to twelve years (mean +/- 1SD = 6 +/- 3.28) were operated on using the technique. The meatus was glandular in two, coronal in twelve and distal penile in eight patients. Preputial flap was not used in one patient because the defect was small. Island flap was used in three and Ombrédanne-Nesbit's flap in 18 patients. Complete disruption of the repair occurred in one of the patients in whom an island flap was used. Among 18 patients in whom Ombrédanne-Nesbit's flap was used, one partial necrosis of the preputial flap was encountered which required revision and two urethrocutaneus fistulae occurred which healed spontaneously. The use of the present technique yields a good cosmetic result, a high success rate with minimal complications, and eliminates catheterization; hence, hospitalization is recommended.