Antiradical and antioxidant activity of total anthocyanins from Perilla pankinensis decne

The purpose of this work comprise the assessment of the antioxidant activity of total anthocyanins from Perilla pankinensis samples (TAPP) by different analytical methods: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, total antioxidant activity, total reducing activity, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging and metal chelating activities. Total antioxidant activity was measured according to ferric thiocyanate method. alpha-Tocopherol and trolox, which water-soluble analogue of tocopherol were used as references antioxidant compounds. At the concentrations of 30 and 45 microg/mL, TAPP showed 91.9 and 96.4% inhibition on lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion, respectively. In comparison, 45 microg/mL of standard antioxidant such as alpha-tocopherol and trolox exhibited 88.8 and 86.2% inhibition on peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion, respectively. In addition, TAPP have found effective on DPPH scavenging, superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging, total reducing power and metal chelating on ferrous ions activities. Also, these various antioxidant effects were compared to alpha-tocopherol and trolox.     

The antioxidant activity of a triterpenoid glycoside isolated from the berries of Hedera colchica: 3-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-hederagenin

The antioxidant activity of a triterpenoid glycoside [3-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-hederagenin; OGH] isolated from the berries of Hedera colchica, an ivy species endemic in Georgia, was investigated. The antioxidant properties of OGH were evaluated using different antioxidant assays: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical (DPPH.) scavenging, total antioxidant activity, reducing power, superoxide anion radical (O2*-)) scavenging, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging and metal chelating activities. The total antioxidant activity was measured according to the ferric thiocyanate method. alpha-Tocopherol and trolox, a water-soluble analogue of tocopherol, were used as reference antioxidant compounds. At a 30 microg/mL concentration, the inhibitory effects of OGH on the peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion was found to be 95.3%, whereas alpha-tocopherol and trolox exhibited 88.8% and 86.2% inhibition of peroxidation in the system, respectively. In addition, OGH had effective DPPH. scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, total reducing power and metal chelation of ferrous ions activities. These various antioxidant activities were compared with alpha-tocopherol and trolox.     

Antioxidant and analgesic activities of turpentine of Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. pallsiana (Lamb.) Holmboe

The aim of this study is to examine possible antioxidant and analgesic activities of turpentine exudes from Pinus nigra Arn. subsp. pallsiana (Lamb.) Holmboe (TPN). Total antioxidant activity, reducing power, superoxide anion radical scavenging, free radical scavenging, metal chelating, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities were studied. The total antioxidant activity increased with the increasing amount of extracts (100, 300, and 500 microg) added to linoleic acid emulsion. All of the doses of TPN showed higher antioxidant activity than alpha-tocopherol. The samples showed 49, 70, and 91% inhibition on peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion, respectively. On the other hand, the 300 microg of alpha-tocopherol showed 40% inhibition on peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion. There is correlation between antioxidant activity and the reducing power, superoxide anion radical scavenging, free radical scavenging, metal chelating, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities. Like antioxidant activity, the reducing power, superoxide anion radical scavenging, free radical scavenging, metal chelating, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities of TPN depending on concentration and increasing with increased concentration of TPN. These properties may be the major reasons for the inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The results obtained in the present study indicate that the TPN has a potential source of natural antioxidant. In addition, analgesic effect of TPN was investigated in present study and TPN had strong analgesic effect. The analgesic effect of TPN compared with metamizol as a standard analgesic compound.     

Antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiulcer and analgesic activities of nettle (Urtica dioica L.)

In this study, water extract of nettle (Urtica dioica L.) (WEN) was studied for antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiulcer and analgesic properties. The antioxidant properties of WEN were evaluated using different antioxidant tests, including reducing power, free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, and metal chelating activities. WEN had powerful antioxidant activity. The 50, 100 and 250 μg amounts of WEN showed 39, 66 and 98% inhibition on peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion, respectively, while 60 μg/ml of -tocopherol, exhibited only 30% inhibition. Moreover, WEN had effective reducing power, free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, and metal chelating activities at the same concentrations. Those various antioxidant activities were compared to standard antioxidants such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), quercetin, and -tocopherol. In addition, total phenolic compounds in the WEN were determined as pyrocatechol equivalent. WEN also showed antimicrobial activity against nine microorganisms, antiulcer activity against ethanol-induced ulcerogenesis and analgesic effect on acetic acid-induced stretching.     

Evaluation of Antioxidant Potential of Melanthera scandens

A methanol extract of dried leaves of Melanthera scandens was examined for antioxidant activities using a variety of assays, including 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, reducing power, ferrous chelating, and ferric thiocyanate methods with ascorbic acid and EDTA as positive controls. The extract showed noticeable activities in most of these in vitro tests. The amount of phenolic compounds in the extract expressed in gallic acid equivalent was found to be 52.8 mg/g. The extract demonstrated inhibition of linoleic acid lipid peroxidation, active reducing power, and DPPH radical scavenging activities which were less than that of the positive controls. The extract also showed weaker iron chelating effect when compared with the EDTA positive control. The present results showed that M. scandens leaf extract possessed antioxidant properties and this plant is a potential useful source of natural antioxidants.     

Determination of antioxidant activity of lichen Cetraria islandica (L) Ach

The study was aimed at evaluating the antioxidant activity of aqueous extract of C. islandica. The antioxidant activity, reducing power, superoxide anion radical scavenging and free radical scavenging activities were studied. The antioxidant activity increased with the increasing amount of extracts (from 50 to 500 microg) added to linoleic acid emulsion. About 50, 100, 250, and 500 microg of aqueous extract of C. islandica showed higher antioxidant activity than 500 microg of alpha-tocopherol. The samples showed 96, 99, 100, and 100% inhibition on peroxidation of linoleic acid, respectively. On the other hand, the 500 microg of alpha-tocopherol showed 77% inhibition on peroxidation on linoleic acid emulsion. Like antioxidant activity, the reducing power, superoxide anion radical scavenging and free radical scavenging activities of C. islandica depends on concentration and increasing with increased amount of sample. The results obtained in the present study indicate that C. islandica is a potential source of natural antioxidant.     

金铁锁体外抗氧化活性研究

目的:研究金铁锁体外抗氧化活性.方法:采用清除采用清除二苯代苦味酰基( DPPH)自由基、清除[2,2'-连氨-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二氨盐](ABTS)自由基及铁离子还原/抗氧化能力(FRAP)测定法,对金铁锁体外抗氧化活性进行评价,并阳性对照没食子酸丙酯(PG)、丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)和二丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)比较.结果:金铁锁3个提取物体外抗氧化活性均弱于阳性对照PG,BHA,BHA.在3个提取物中,金铁锁乙酸乙酯提取物清除ABTS自由基(IC50=40.54mg·L-1)及还原Fe3+的能力[TEAC=(696.9±2.42) μmol·g-1]较强;正丁醇清除ABTS自由基(IC50=83.38 mg· L-1)及还原Fe3+的能力[TEAC =(166.1±1.06) μmol· g-1]次之,石油醚提取物最弱.结论:金铁锁乙酸乙酯部位体外抗氧化活性较强.     

In vitro antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of Nardostachys jatamansi DC

In this study, the antioxidative potential of a hydroalcoholic extract of Nardostachys jatamansi (NJE) rhizomes was evaluated by various antioxidant assays, including antioxidant capacity by the phosphomolybdenum method, total antioxidant activity in linoleic acid emulsion systems, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide, hydroxyl radicals, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging, metal chelating and reducing power activity. These various antioxidant activities were compared with standard antioxidants such as butylated hydroxytoluene, tocopherol, catechin, and L-ascorbic acid. Total phenolic and flavonoid content of NJE was also determined by a colorimetric method. The extract exhibited high reduction capability and powerful free radical scavenging, especially against DPPH and superoxide anions as well as a moderate effect on NO. Moreover, the peroxidation inhibiting activity of NJE was demonstrated in the linoleic acid emulsion system. The results obtained in the present study clearly established the antioxidative potency of NJE, which may account for some of the medical claims attributed to this plant.     

酸模叶蓼抗氧化活性

目的:评价酸模叶蓼体外总抗氧化活性。方法:采用清除二苯代苦味酰基(DPPH)自由基、清除[2,2-连氨-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二氨盐](ABTS)自由基和铁离子还原/抗氧化能力(FRAP)测定法。结果:将测定结果与6-羟基-2,5,7,8-四甲基苯并二氢吡喃-2-羧酸(trolox)及阳性对照没食子酸丙酯(PG)、丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)和2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚(BHT)进行比较,发现乙酸乙酯和甲醇提取物清除DPPH自由基、清除ABTS自由基及还原Fe3+的能力均比BHT强,比PG和BHA弱。结论:酸模叶蓼具有良好的体外抗氧化活性。在3种提取物中,乙酸乙酯提取物抗氧化能力最强,甲醇提取物次之,石油醚提取物几乎没有抗氧化活性。     

虫草及其发酵制品抗氧化能力研究

目的：考察天然冬虫夏草、蛹虫草及其发酵制品水和乙醇提取物体外抗氧化活性。方法：测定样品的6个抗氧化指标：抑制亚油酸氧化的能力；清除DPPH自由基、羟自由基、过氧化氢和超氧阴离子的活性以及螯合金属离子(Fe²⁺)的效果。结果：各样品具有不同程度的抗氧化能力,没有一种提取物在所有测试中均显示出很强的活性,但可以认为天然蛹虫草水提物的抗氧化能力为8个样品中最高,它在抑制亚油酸氧化,螯合金属离子以及清除DPPH自由基和羟自由基的实验中都显示了很高的活性。研究同时表明天然及发酵虫草水和醇提物中多酚类的含量差异很大。结论：虫草及其发酵制品可作为一种潜在的天然抗氧化剂,发酵培养能够影响虫草制品的抗氧化活性,而天然与发酵虫草的抗氧化能力与其含有的多酚类的量没有显著相联。     

Free radical scavenging activity of Elsholtzia densa

Medicinal plants have been used traditionally to cure a variety of diseases since ancient times. Elsholtzia densa, a rare annual herb of the Kashmir valley, was assessed for its antioxidant efficacy. Antioxidant activity of the crude extracts was evaluated using 1, 1- diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl free radical (DPPH), DNA sugar damage, lipid peroxidation, ferric thiocyanate (FTC) and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays. The maximum percentage decrease of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical (DPPH) standard solution was recorded for the 50% ethanolic extract (90.48%). The extracts were further evaluated using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay. The methanolic extract showed the highest activity (32.02%) in reducing oxidative damage to DNA. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was also determined using the linoleic acid system and the highest antioxidant activity (49.64%) was found in the 50% ethanolic extract. In the case of the FTC assay, the 50% ethanolic extract showed the highest activity (70.14%) which was comparable to that of α-tocopherol. Moreover, total phenolics concentration was found to be 62.5mg% and 77.5mg% in the cases of absolute ethanolic and 50% ethanolic extracts, respectively. These findings indicate promising antioxidant activity of crude extracts of the plant and the need for further exploration of their effective use in both modern and traditional systems of medicine.     

Evaluation of antioxidant and nitric oxide inhibitory activities of selected Malaysian medicinal plants

Methanol extracts of seven Malaysian medicinal plants were screened for antioxidant and nitric oxide inhibitory activities. Antioxidant activity was measured by using FTC, TBA and DPPH free radical scavenging methods and Griess assay was used for the measurement of nitric oxide inhibition in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. All the extracts showed strong antioxidant activity comparable to or higher than that of alpha-tocopherol, BHT and quercetin in FTC and TBA methods. The extracts from Leea indica and Spermacoce articularis showed strong DPPH free radical scavenging activity comparable with quercetin, BHT and Vit C. Spermacoce exilis showed only moderate activity but other species were weak as compared to the standards. In the Griess assay Lasianthus oblongus, Chasalia chartacea, Hedyotis verticillata, Spermacoce articularis and Leea indica showed strong inhibitory activity on nitric oxide production in LPS and IFN-gamma-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Extracts from Psychotria rostrata and Spermacoce exilis also inhibited NO production but this was due to their cytotoxic effects upon cells during culture.     

Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of 5,7,3'-trihydroxy-3,6,4'-trimethoxyflavone from Brickellia veronicaefolia

The antioxidant and antiradical activities of 5,7,3'-trihydroxy-3,6,4'-trimethoxyflavone or centaureidin isolated and characterized from Brickellia veronicaefolia were elucidated by heat-induced oxidation in a beta-carotene and linoleic acid system and by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl decoloration test. The centaureidin (32.1%) exhibited antioxidative activity less than that of BHT (95.5%) and alpha-tocopherol (95.9%) on oxidation in a beta-carotene and linoleic acid system. A moderate antiradical effect (47.6%) compared with BHT (96.7%) and alpha-tocopherol (94.6%) in DPPH decoloration test was found.     

三白草体外抗氧化活性

目的:研究三白草体外抗氧化活性.方法:采用清除二苯代苦味酰基(DPPH)自由基和[2,2′-连氨-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二氨盐](ABTS)自由基测定法,对三白草提取物抗氧化活性进行评价.结果:正丁醇提取物清除DPPH自由基(IC50=16.94)的能力比BHT清除能力(IC50=18.71 mg·L-1)强,弱于阳性对照PG和BHA清除DPPH自由基的能力(IC50分别为0.89,3.2mg· L-1);清除ABTS自由基的能力(IC50=12.90 mg·L-1)弱于阳性对照PG和BHA清除ABTS自由基的能力(IC50分别为0.81,1.95 mg·L-1),比阳性对照BHT( IC50为7.72mg· L-1)清除ABTS自由基的能力略弱;石油醚提取物和乙酸乙酯提取物清除DPPH和ABTS自由基的能力均比阳性对照PG,BHT,BHA清除DPPH和ABTS自由基的能力弱.结论:三白草正丁醇提取物有抗氧化活性.     

灯心草抗氧化活性成分研究

采用DPPH法对两种灯心草属植物不同溶剂提取物进行抗氧化活性研究。结果表明灯心草乙酸乙酯提取物的抗氧化活性最强。评价了从该活性部位分离出的四个化合物清除DPPH自由基的活性，化合物3显示了一定的清除DPPH自由基的活性。     

Protective effect of Rehmannia glutinosa on the cisplatin-induced damage of HEI-OC1 auditory cells through scavenging free radicals

The steamed root of Rehmannia glutinosa has been used in traditional Oriental Medicine for treatment of inner ear diseases, such as tinnitus and hearing loss. In the present study, we showed that the ethanol extract of steamed roots of Rehmannia glutinosa (SRG) protected HEI-OC1 auditory cells from cisplatin cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent fashion. In addition, to investigate the protection mechanism of SRG on cisplatin cytotoxicity towards HEI-OC1, we measured the effects of SRG on lipid peroxidation of cisplatin treated cells as well as scavenging activities against superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, and DPPH radical. SRG (5-100 microg/ml) had protective effect against the cisplatin-induced HEI-OC1 cell damage and reduced lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, SRG showed strong scavenging activity against superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, and DPPH radical. These results indicate that SRG protects cisplatin-induced HEI-OC1 cell damage through inhibition of lipid peroxidation and scavenging activities of free radials.     

Potential biomedical properties of Pinus massoniana bark extract

This study examined the potential biomedical properties of a bark extract from Pinus massoniana Lamb (PMBE). Its antioxidant activity, superoxide anion radical scavenging and free radical scavenging activities were examined. The antioxidant activity in a linoleic acid emulsion increased with increasing amounts of PMBE, with 100, 300 and 500 microg PMBE inhibiting 64.7%, 68.6% and 76.6% of peroxidation, respectively. Similarly, the radical scavenging activity by PMBE increased in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that there may be a correlation between the antioxidant and scavenging activities. In addition, the effect of PMBE on human hepatocellular carcinoma BEL-7402 cells and normal liver L-02 cells was investigated in vitro. PMBE appeared to inhibit selectively the growth of BEL-7402 and slightly promoted the growth of L-02. Taken together, the results indicate that PMBE is a natural antioxidant that could potentially be used as a food supplement or as a candidate precursor substance for new anticancer therapeutics.     

Evaluation of the antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties of Secamone afzelii Rhoem

The antioxidant activity of a methanol extract of Secamone afzelii stems was tested using the DPPH assay and the active compound was identified as alpha-tocopherol. HPLC determination showed that 0.12% w/w alpha-tocopherol was present in the plant. The total extract also showed effective free radical scavenging activity in the assay for non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation in liposomes with an IC50 value of 90 microg/mL, with alpha-tocopherol isolated from the plant having an IC50 of 15 microg/mL in the same system, thus demonstrating the presence of other antioxidants.     

芪蟾口服结肠靶向片(浸膏)及组成药味提取物体外抗氧化作用的研究

目的:研究芪蟾口服结肠靶向片(浸膏)及组成药味提取物体外抗氧化作用。方法:采用体外试验,对芪蟾口服结肠靶向片(浸膏)及组成药味提取物抑制红细胞溶血、抑制大鼠肝匀浆自发性脂质过氧化、清除DPPH自由基能力、还原能力、清除·OH能力等多个方面进行了系统研究。结果:芪蟾口服结肠靶向片(浸膏)及组成药味提取物对红细胞溶血均具有很好的保护作用,能有效地抑制肝匀浆自发性过氧化;并能有效地清除DPPH自由基以及·OH;对铁离子均具有良好的还原能力。结论:芪蟾口服结肠靶向片(浸膏)及组成药味提取物均具有良好的体外抗氧化能力。     

Antioxidant efficacy of Nasturtium officinale extracts using various in vitro assay systems

Nasturtium officinale R. Br. (watercress), of the family Brassicaceae, has been long used as a home remedy or a medicinal plant by the people of southeastern Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of N. officinale extract using various in vitro assay systems, including the ferric reducing antioxidant power and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) assays, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide radical scavenging, and ferrous ion chelating activity, as well as the inhibitory effect on ferrous ion/ascorbate induced lipid peroxidation, in rat liver homogenate. The results revealed that N. officinale extract possesses potent reducing power in a ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, concentration-dependent scavenging ability on 2,2'-azinobis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, nitric oxide radicals, and hydrogen peroxide, as well as chelating ability on ferrous ions. Furthermore, N. officinale extract prevented thiobarbituric acid reactive substances formation in ferrous ion/ascorbate induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver homogenate in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, this N. officinale extract had the phenolic and flavonoid contents of 96.2 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dried extract and 63.2 mg catechin equivalents/g dried extract, respectively. The cumulative results clearly indicate that N. officinale extract possesses potent antioxidant properties probably mediated through direct trapping of free radicals, reducing power, and also through metal chelating. Based on its antioxidative potential, N. officinale extract might find applications in the prevention of free radical-related diseases.