胺碘酮治疗心衰并发房颤的有效性和安全性研究

评价胺碘酮对心衰并发房颤患者心室率的影响，转复窦性心律的可能性，以及治疗的安全性。采用随机、单盲、安慰剂对照方法，运用２４ ｈ 动态心电图监测心率。结果:①胺碘酮对心衰并发房颤患者的转复律为２３．５３％ ，高于对照组（３．３３％ ），Ｐ＜ ０．０１。②治疗２ 周后试验组１２ 导联心电图所得平均心室率、Ｈｏｌｔｅｒ监测下２４ ｈ 最大心室率、平均心室率明显下降（Ｐ＜ ０．０１），最小心室率无影响（Ｐ＞ ０．０５）。③两组间左室射血分数（ＬＶＥＦ）无差异（Ｐ＞ ０．０５），均无尖端扭转性室性心动过速发生，试验组ＱＴｃ延长，但改为维持量后ＱＴｃ恢复正常。结论:胺碘酮能使一部分心衰并发房颤患者复律，并且无论复律与否，均能减慢心室率，而不影响心功能的改善，严重副反应较少发生     

胺碘酮治疗心力衰竭并心房颤动的有效性及安全性

目的:评价胺碘酮对心力衰竭合并心房颤动患者心室率影响,转复窦性心律的可能性.以及治疗的安全性。方法:采用随机、单盲、安慰剂对照方法,运用24 h动态心电图监测胺碘酮治疗组(33例),对照组(31例)的心律、心率。结果:(1)胺碘酮治疗组的心房颤动转复率为33.33%,高于对照组(3.29%).P<0.01;(2)治疗三个月后治疗组平均心室率明显下降(P<0.05);(3)两组间左室射血分数(LVEF)无差异(P>0.05),治疗组QTc延长, 但改为维持量后QTc恢复正常,均无严重副作用。结论:胺碘酮能显著减慢心率并使一部分心力衰竭合并心房颤动患者复律。     

Efficacy and safety of carvedilol in patients with chronic heart failure receiving concomitant amiodarone therapy

Background: The β-blocker/vasodilator carvedilol is found to have beneficial effects in patients with chronic heart failure. However, the safety and efficacy of this agent in the presence of concomitant amiodarone therapy has not been previously determined.Methods and Results: We retrospectively analyzed the Australia/New Zealand Carvedilol Heart Failure Research Collaborative Group study of 415 patients with mild to moderate ischemic heart failure where amiodarone was administered as part of the treatment therapy (in 52 patients). After the open-label carvedilol run-in, patients received carvedilol (target dose 25 mg twice daily) or placebo for an average of 19 months. The main adverse events during this double-blind period were worsened heart failure, hypotension/dizziness, bradycardia/ atrioventricular block, and aggravation of angina. By Chi square analysis, carvedilol and amiodarone together were not associated with a greater overall incidence of adverse effects than either drug alone. The beneficial effects of carvedilol on left ventricular ejection that were observed in the main trial were preserved in the presence of amiodarone.Conclusions: Carvedilol is a useful additional therapy for patients with chronic heart failure already receiving amiodarone. Carvedilol can be added to amiodarone in these patients without expectation of increased adverse effects or loss of clinical efficacy.     

胺碘酮对心力衰竭并心房颤动病人的疗效观察

目的：就胺碘酮对心力衰竭并心房颤动病人的疗效观察进行探讨。方法选择我院2008年11月到2013年1月所收治的心力衰竭并心房颤动患者50例,随机将所有患者分为2组,分别是治疗组、对照组,。对照组采用常规治疗方法,而治疗组在此基础上增加静脉注射胺碘酮溶液及口服胺碘酮。结果治疗组有效率为96％,对照组有效率为82％,二者存在着较为明显的差异,具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。与治疗前相比,两组患者在治疗后血压值都出现了较为明显的变化,都达到正常水平,存在着统计学意义（P〈0.05）;但两组之间差异不存在着统计学意义（P〉0.05）。两组患者在治疗后都没有出现肾功能、肝功能损害、恶性心律失常、不可耐受性低血压等严重不良反应。结论胺碘酮对心力衰竭并心房颤动病人的疗效较佳,安全有效,无较为严重的不良反应,可以作为首选治疗药物,值得推广应用。     

胺碘酮对合并于充血性心力衰竭的室性心律失常疗效观察

充血性心力衰竭 (ＣＨＦ)患者合并室性心律失常 ,尤其是复杂性室性心律失常 ,其病死率明显增加 ,因此 ,在纠正心力衰竭的同时 ,能否有效地治疗室性心律失常很重要。本文报道小剂量胺碘酮对ＣＨＦ合并的室性心律失常治疗的有效性、安全性及对其生存率的影响。资料和方法　选择ＣＨＦ心功能Ⅲ Ⅳ级 (ＮＹＨＡ分级 ) ,射血分数 <0 40。室性心律失常 (室性早搏≥ 30个 /ｈ ,成对室性早搏及非持续性室性心动过速和持续性室性心动过速 )。年龄 40～ 75岁。原发病为缺血性心脏病 70例 ,扩张性心肌病 36例、心脏瓣膜病 6 0例 (除重度二尖瓣狭窄、主…     

Combination therapy with carvedilol and amiodarone in patients with severe heart failure

BACKGROUND: Carvedilol and at least in some studies, amiodarone have been shown to improve symptoms and prognosis of patients with heart failure. There are no reports on the outcome of combined treatment with both drugs on top of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), diuretics and digitalis. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 109 patients with severe heart failure submitted for heart transplantation at one single center between the years 1996 and 1998 [left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 24.6+/-11%, 85% males, 52% idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), mean observation time 1. 9+/-0.4 years] a therapy with low-dose amiodarone (1000 mg/week) plus titrated doses of carvedilol (target 50 mg/day) was instituted. In addition, patients received a prophylactic dual chamber pacemaker (PM) in order to protect from bradycardia and for continuous holter monitoring. The devices were programmed in back-up mode with a basal rate of 40 i.p.m. with a hysteresis of 25%. Significantly, more patients were in sinus rhythm after 1 year than at study entry (85% vs. 63%, P<0.01). In 47 patients, under therapy over at least 1 year, the resting heart rate fell from 90+/-19 to 59+/-5 b.p.m. (P<0.001). Ventricular premature contractions in 24-h holter ECGs were suppressed from 1.0+/-3 to 0.1+/-0.3%/24 h (P167 b.p.m. detected by the pacemaker (1.2+/-2.8 episodes/patient/3 months vs. 0.3+/-0.8 episodes/patient/3 months after 1 year (P<0.01). The LVEF increased from 26+/-10 to 39+/-13% (P<0.001). NYHA class improved from 3. 17+/-0.3 to 1.8+/-0.6 (P<0.001) as well as right heart catheterization data. From the total cohort, seven patients (6%) developed symptomatic documented bradycardic rhythm disturbances requiring reprogramming of their pacemakers to DDD(R)/VVI(R) mode with higher basic rates. Two of these patients developed AV block, four sinu-atrial blocks or sinus bradycardia and one patient had bradycardic atrial fibrillation. During the observation period five patients died (3 sudden, 1 due to heart failure and 1 due to mesenteric infarction). Two patients had undergone heart transplants. The 1-year survival rate (Kaplan-Meier) without transplantation was 89%. Compared to historic control patients with amiodarone only (n=154) or without either agent (n=283) this rate was 64 and 57% (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Heart failure patients benefit from a combined therapy with carvedilol and amiodarone resulting in a markedly improved NYHA stage, an increase in LV ejection fraction, a stabilization of sinus rhythm, a significant reduction in heart rate, a delay of electrical signal conduction and a suppression of ventricular ectopies. Approximately 6% of patients under such a regime became pacemaker-dependent in the first year. Compared to historic controls prognosis was better and the need for heart transplantation was lower. The exact role of either agent in combination or alone should be clarified in larger randomized studies.     

胺碘酮治疗充血性心力衰竭室性心律失常

目的 了解胺碘酮对充血性心力衰竭(congestive heart failure,CHF)并发室性心律失常(ventricular arrhythmia,VA)的疗效,并分析充血性心力衰竭心功能级别与室性心律失常的关系.方法 选择心内科住院治疗的病人58例为研究对象,分为胺碘酮组和对照组.结果 ①心功能越差,复杂性心律失常的发生率越高.②胺碘酮组对心律失常治疗的有效率为93%,对照组为50%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.355,P=0.006);两组病人心功能参数各指标的差值无统计学意义(P＜0.05);胺碘酮组与对照组对心力衰竭的疗效差异无统计学意义(χ2=4.047,P=0.132).结论 胺碘酮对CHF并VA病人疗效好且安全,值得在临床上推广.     

胺碘酮治疗老年充血性心力衰竭伴快速房颤的疗效观察

目的 观察胺碘酮治疗老年充血性心力衰竭（CHF）伴快速心房纤颤（AF）的疗效。方法　选择2012年9月至2013年9月在苏北人民医院住院治疗的老年CHF伴快速AF患者70例,纽约心脏联合会分级（NYHA）Ⅱ～Ⅳ级,心室率≥120次/min;随机分为胺碘酮组和去乙酰毛花苷组,每组各35例。在常规治疗基础上,胺碘酮组首次剂量给予胺碘酮150mg缓慢静注,随后1.5mg/min微量泵维持;去乙酰毛花苷组首次剂量给予去乙酰毛花苷0.4mg或0.2mg缓慢静注,1h后无效者追加0.2mg。观察用药后不同时刻的心室率变化、药物平均起效时间、复律成功比例、B型利钠肽（BNP）变化、不良反应及随访效果。结果 两组患者用药后1,2,24h的心室率与用药前比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）,胺碘酮组用药后30min的心室率与用药前比较差异亦有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;用药后2h胺碘酮组患者心室率较用药前下降47%, 去乙酰毛花苷组下降28%;胺碘酮组与去乙酰毛花苷组用药后30min,1h,2h,24h心室率间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;胺碘酮组和去乙酰毛花苷组的治疗有效率分别为79.8%和72.3%（P＞0.05）; 胺碘酮组和去乙酰毛花苷组的复律成功率分别为34.3%和8.6%（P＜0.01）;两组患者间BNP变化差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;出院3个月后随访,两组患者治疗后（口服药物包括可达龙、美托洛尔、地高辛）仍为AF的比率分别为60.0%（21/35）和82.9%（29/35）;而不良反应发生率分别为8.6%和11.4%（P＞0.05）。结论　胺碘酮是治疗老年CHF合并AF有效的药物之一,副反应轻,使用安全。     

心力衰竭并室性心律失常患者细胞因子的变化及胺碘酮作用的研究

目的研究心力衰竭并室性心律失常患者肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)与白介素-6(IL-6)变化,及胺碘酮的作用。方法本研究将90例入选者随机分成两组,在常规抗心力衰竭治疗的基础上,治疗组48例应用胺碘酮,对照组42例应用黄连素,比较两组TNF-α和IL-6的变化及临床疗效。结果90例患者血清TNF-α和IL-6浓度随心力衰竭的程度加重而增加,心功能Ⅲ级与Ⅳ级之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗组血清TNF-α和IL-6浓度明显下降(P<0.01),心电图显著改善(P<0.05),心功能也有改善但与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论心力衰竭程度加重,血清TNF-α和IL-6浓度升高。胺碘酮可降低血清TNF-α和IL-6水平,有效控制室性心律失常,改善心功能。     

Role of oral amiodarone in patients with atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure

Background

Amiodarone is recognized as the most effective therapy for maintaining sinus rhythm (SR) post cardioversion in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). It is also recommended for controlling AF in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). We retrospectively examined the efficacy and safety of oral amiodarone in patients with AF and CHF.

Methods

Forty-eight consecutive AF patients whose left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was less than 50% and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) was higher than 100 pg/ml were investigated retrospectively, and divided into 3 groups: paroxysmal AF, 16 patients; persistent AF, 9 patients; and permanent AF, 23 patients.

Results

The permanent AF group had a longer history of AF, larger left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVDd) and left atrial diameter (LAD) than paroxysmal and persistent AF groups (p < 0.05). After median follow-up of 265 days, amiodarone suppressed paroxysms in 88% of paroxysmal AF patients, while SR was maintained in all persistent AF patients, and 35% of permanent AF patients. Of the 32 persistent and permanent AF patients, 12 (71%) out of 17 maintained SR after successful electrical cardioversion, and conversion to SR occurred spontaneously in 5 (33%) out of 15. The effective group had significantly smaller LVDd and LAD than the ineffective group. In the effective group, BNP decreased significantly from 723 ± 566 pg/ml to 248 ± 252 pg/ml, (p < 0.0005) and LVEF increased significantly from 33 ± 7% to 50 ± 13% (p < 0.0005) during follow up, while no changes were observed in the ineffective group. The patients with low LVEF (≤30%) benefited comparably from amiodarone to the patients with LVEF >30%. Complications occurred in 24 (50%) patients leading to discontinuation of amiodarone in 11 (23%).

Conclusions

Oral amiodarone helped restore SR in paroxysmal and persistent AF patients with CHF. The successful rhythm control by amiodarone resulted in the improvement of LV function and the decrease of BNP levels.     

胺碘酮治疗快速心房颤动伴急性充血性心力衰竭临床疗效的观察

目的:观察胺碘酮在快速心房颤动(房颤)伴急性充血性心力衰竭患者的临床疗效.方法:26例快速房颤伴急性充血性心力衰竭患者静脉应用胺碘酮,先静脉注射负荷量后,继以静脉滴注维持,观察房颤转复、心室率控制及不良反应.结果:26例患者用药后15 min,1 h、2 h、24 h心室率分别为(140.1±18.3)、(127.7±16.8)、(104.9±15.4)、(82.1±20.5)次/min,较用药前(149.6±19.7)次/min明显下降(P＜0.01).其中15例患者(58.5%)在24 h内转为窦性心律,3例出现窦性心动过缓,经停药或减药后恢复,2例出现症状性低血压,无心衰加重表现.结论:静脉应用胺碘酮能迅速、安全、有效地控制快速房颤伴急性充血性心力衰竭患者的快速心室率,尤其适合并发急性冠状动脉综合征及原发性高血压的患者.     

胺碘酮联合厄贝沙坦对心衰并心律失常的疗效

目的:研究胺碘酮联合厄贝沙坦治疗心力衰竭合并心律失常患者的疗效。方法:本院2015年3月~2018年5月间收治的110例心力衰竭合并心律失常患者被随机均分为胺碘酮组和联合治疗组(在胺碘酮组基础上加用厄贝沙坦),两组均接受常规治疗疗程6个月。观察比较两组治疗前后心输出量(CO)、LVEF、左室收缩末内径(LVESd)、左室舒张末内径(LVEDd)、血清基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-9、血浆脑钠肽(BNP)、醛固酮(ALD)和血管紧张素II(AngII)水平,疗效和不良反应。结果:两组治疗总有效率无显著差异,P=0.435。与胺碘酮组比较,治疗后联合治疗组CO[(4.21±0.29)L/min比(4.41±0.32)L/min]、LVEF[(45.58±0.98)%比(46.12±1.16)%]均显著升高,LVESd[(55.03±3.02)mm比(53.46±3.14)mm]、LVEDd[(59.12±3.36)mm比(57.65±2.97)mm]、血清MMP-9[(163.96±17.83)μg/L比(154.69±16.72)μg/L]、血浆BNP[(821.84±216.42)pg/ml比(736.37±209.35)pg/ml]、ALD[(416.79±17.94)pg/ml比(408.96±16.87)pg/ml]和AngII[(165.72±19.81)pg/ml比(156.95±18.42)pg/ml]水平均显著降低,P<0.05或<0.01。治疗6个月,两组不良反应发生率无显著差异,P=0.340。结论:胺碘酮与厄贝沙坦联合治疗心衰并心律失常疗效显著,能够显著改善患者心功能,降低BNP、MMP-9水平,值得推广。     

胺碘酮治疗巨大左心室合并心力衰竭患者室性心律失常的临床疗效

目的　介绍胺碘酮静脉和口服应用治疗大左心室合并心力衰竭患者室性心律失常的临床应用经验。方法　 12 0例不同病因的器质性心脏病患者 ,男性 6 4例 ,女性5 6例 ,平均年龄 ( 4 5 9± 13 2 )岁 ,其中风湿性心脏瓣膜病 4 2例 ,先天性心脏病 18例 ,扩张型心肌病 37例 ,缺血性心脏病2 3例 ,左心室舒张末内径 7 0cm以上 ,合并心力衰竭及室性心律失常。静脉给药方法 :胺碘酮首剂 15 0mg ,10min注入 ,第 1次负荷量后心律失常控制不理想 ,可追加一次 15 0mg剂量 ,继之以 0 4 5～ 1 5mg/min维持泵入 ,第 1个 2 4小时静脉胺碘酮总量为 ( 95 6 5± 14 3 3)mg ,同时加用口服胺碘酮 ,静脉泵入时间为 ( 3 6± 2 4 )d。结果　对室性心律失常总有效率 83 5 % ,持续性室性心动过速终止率为 2 8 7% ,副作用 :8例出现窦性心动过缓 ,减量后恢复。一过性Ⅱ度房室传导阻滞 4例。静脉炎 2 3例 ,1例发生尖端扭转型室速 ,严重低血压反应者 6例 ,经多巴胺升压处理后稳定。未见甲状腺功能相关影响。结论　胺碘酮治疗不同病因引起的巨大左心室合并心力衰竭患者的室性心律失常安全有效。     

胺碘酮和美托洛尔联合治疗室性心律失常并慢性心力衰竭的疗效观察

将36例合并慢性心力衰竭（CHF）的频发、复杂室性早搏或非持续性室性心动过速患者，随机分为胺碘酮、美托洛尔联合治疗组（治疗组17例）和胺碘酮单独治疗组（对照组19例）。治疗组给予胺碘酮负荷量600mg/d，维持量200mg/d，美托洛尔25－50mg/d；对照组单用胺碘酮，方法同治疗组。两组同时给予利尿剂、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂等常规药物治疗，观察5个月。结果治疗组心功能及室性心律失常的治疗有效率明显高于对照组，两组比较有显著性差异（P＜0．05）。治疗后两组LVEF、LVEDV、LVESV和6min步行试验均明显改善，治疗组优于对照组，均有显著性差异（P＜0．05）；治疗组再住院率、心脏事件发生率低于对照组，有显著性差异（P＜0．05）。两组不良反应发生率无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。认为胺碘酮和美托洛尔联合治疗室性心律失常合并慢性心力衰竭优于单用胺碘酮，不良反应无增加。     

胺碘酮治疗心力衰竭合并室性心律失常的临床疗效观察

充血性心力衰竭（CHF）是多种心脏病的终末阶段,是临床极为常见的危重病症,一旦合并室性心律失常,尤其是室性心动过速（VT）,常使病情急转直下,预后不良,病死率明显增加。因此,在纠正心力衰竭的同时,能否有效地治疗室性心律失常很重要。我院应用小剂量胺碘酮治疗32例CHF合并室性心律失常取得了较好疗效,报道如下。     

托伐普坦治疗心力衰竭患者低钠血症的疗效和安全性

目的 评价在常规治疗基础上应用托伐普坦治疗心力衰竭(心衰)合并低钠血症的疗效和安全性.方法 多中心入选65例心衰合并低钠血症患者,随机、双盲分为托伐普坦组和安慰剂组.根据血钠情况,分别每日服用15 ～60 mg托伐普坦片或安慰剂.主要评价指标为服药第1～4天和第1～7天的日均血钠值与基线血钠值相比的变化.观察患者体重、尿量、心衰体征、心功能、血压、心率及不良事件,进行疗效及安全性评估.结果 治疗第1～4天和第1～7天,托伐普坦组日均血钠增加值分别为(5.6±3.5) mmol/L和(5.9±3.5) mmol/L,显著优于安慰剂组的(2.5±3.4) mmol/L和(2.8±3.3) mmol/L,P＜0.05.托伐普坦组尿量增加和体重下降优于安慰剂组(P＜0.05).两组患者治疗前后心衰体征、心功能、血压和心率变化差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).托伐普坦组常见药物相关不良反应为口渴(11.4％)和血钠升高(5.7％),另发生1例粒细胞缺乏严重不良事件,考虑与试验药物可能有关,经治疗恢复.结论 托伐普坦有效纠正心衰患者低钠血症,增加尿量,改善液体平衡,总体耐受性良好,严重不良事件的发生率低.