大肠癌伴肝转移患者预后因素初步探讨

目的初步探讨影响大肠癌伴肝转移患者的预后因素。方法选取58例鞍山市中心医院2001年4月至2006年5月外科手术治疗的大肠癌伴肝转移患者,部分患者术后全身化疗或肝动脉插管化疗,对其临床资料进行统计分析。结果本组大肠癌肝转移患者占同期大肠癌患者11．2％。原发灶切除、辅助治疗方式、肝转移灶切除、术前CEA水平为影响生存的独立预后因素。年龄、性别、肿瘤部位、分化程度、肝转移灶数目与预后无关。术前CEA〉36ng／ml、原发灶未切除、转移灶未切除患者的生存时间[（5．88±3．68）个月]显著低于其他患者[（19．04±7．40）个月]。结论治疗方式对大肠癌肝转移患者预后影响显著,应积极切除原发灶、治疗转移灶。肝动脉插管化疗优于全身化疗。术前CEA水平是重要的预后指标。     

肝动脉结扎加插管化疗治疗大肠癌肝转移:附17例

为探讨大肠癌肝转移经肝动脉结扎加插管化疗的治疗效果.笔者对17例大肠癌肝转移不能手术切除的患者行肝动脉结扎加用5-氟尿嘧(5-FU)或去氧氟尿苷(FUDR)加四氢叶酸钙(CF),羟基喜树碱或顺铂和地塞米松通过肝动脉插管泵连续灌注化疗.17例行3～10个疗程化疗.平均生存15个月.1年内生存者5例,生存1～2年8例,生存2～3年4例,无超过3年者.仍在随访者4例,已生存3～18个月.提示肝动脉结扎加插管化疗是治疗大肠癌肝转移的有效办法.     

肝动脉结扎加插管化疗治疗大肠癌肝转移：附17例报告

为探讨大肠癌肝转移经肝动脉结扎加插管化疗的治疗效果。笔者对17例大肠癌肝转移不能手术切除的患者行肝动脉结扎加用5-氟尿嘧(5-Fu)或去氧氟尿苷(FUDR)加四氢叶酸钙(CF)，羟基喜树碱或顺铂和地塞米松通过肝动脉插管泵连续灌注化疗。17例行3～10个疗程化疗。平均生存15个月。1年内生存者5例，生存1～2年8例，生存2～3年4例，无超过3年者。仍在随访者4例，已生存3～18个月。提示肝动脉结扎加插管化疗是治疗大肠癌肝转移的有效办法。     

大肠癌肝转移治疗方法的比较

目的：比较大肠癌肝转移不同治疗方法的疗效,探讨治疗原则。方法：对89例大肠癌肝转移患者进行回顾性分析。将患者按照不同的治疗方法分析4组,根据随访资料和统计学分析,比较各组的治疗效果。结果：根治性手术切除组的1、3年生存率分别为80％和30％,最长者生存62个月。静脉化疗组中位生存期为7个月,皮下植入泵肝动化疗组和经皮穿刺肝动脉导管化疗组的治疗有效率可达到31．0％和46．5％,但长期疗效受肿瘤血供等因素影响,患者中位生存期为15个月,经Cox逐步回归多因素分析,肝动脉化疗与静脉化疗在生存期上差异无显著性意义（P＝0．13）结论：对于大肠癌肝转移患者,根治手术切除是效果最好的治疗方法,肝动脉化疗能否延长患者生存期仍需进一步探讨。     

胃癌合并多发性肝转移 11例外科治疗

目的探讨胃癌并多发性肝转移外科治疗的疗效.方法回顾性分析胃癌并多发性肝转移 11例的临床资料.结果全部病例均行相对根治性远端胃大部切除并肝动脉化疗栓塞术.无手术死亡.术后中位生存时间 12.5个月. 8例死于肝转移, 3例死于腹膜转移.结论对加以选择的胃癌并多发性肝转移患者实施相对根治性胃切除并肝动脉化疗栓塞术可延长生存期.     

结直肠癌肝转移一期联合手术化疗的临床研究

目的探讨结直肠癌肝转移一期联合手术辅助化疗的有效途径及临床价值.方法回顾性分析一期联合手术切除原发癌及转移癌,经肝动脉门静脉双置泵栓塞灌注化疗,肿瘤局部注射无水酒精及热电疗法综合性治疗结直肠癌肝转移36例的临床资料.结果本组36例结直肠癌患者原发癌均获切除,其中一期切除肝转移癌17例,6例复发,4例再次手术切除.19例不能切除的转移性肝癌,行肝动脉门静脉双置泵栓塞灌注化疗,无水酒精注射和热电疗法.肿瘤直径平均缩小57%,其中4例因肿瘤缩小行二期手术切除.1、2、3年生存率分别为切除组94%,82%,65%;明显高于置泵组的74%,53%,32%(P<0.01).结论结直肠癌肝转移一期联合手术切除加肝动脉门静脉双置泵栓塞灌注化疗,是一种首选而有效的治疗方法.不能切除肝转移癌者,只要切除原发肿瘤,肝动脉门静脉置泵栓塞灌注化疗,可明显延长病人生存期,改善预后.     

大肠癌伴肝转移的治疗

目的：探讨大肠癌伴肝转移不同治疗方法的效果。方法：分析我院自1982年12月至2002年12月间共收治156例大肠癌伴肝转移患者的病例资料。结果：原发灶切除 肝转移灶切除 化疗者的效果明显优于其他方案,肝动脉插管化疗优于全身化疗,行积极治疗的第二阶段患者生存时间比第一阶段有明显延长。结论：对大肠癌伴肝转移的治疗应持积极的态度,部分患者可获得良好的预后。     

老年大肠癌同时性肝转移的外科治疗

目的 探讨老年大肠癌同时性肝转移的外科治疗.方法 对86例大肠癌同时性肝转移的老年患者进行回顾性分析.结果 行同期根治性切除者平均生存期34.07个月,姑息性切除平均生存期12.43个月,单纯结肠造口平均生存期5.6个月. 结论术前正确评估可切除性,合理的围手术期处理,老年大肠癌肝转移行根治性手术切除是可行的,也是最好的治疗选择.     

Ⅳ期结直肠癌78例的手术治疗及预后因素分析

目的探讨Ⅳ期结直肠癌姑息性手术治疗效果和影响预后的因素.方法回顾性分析1999年8月至2004年3月诊治的78例Ⅳ期结直肠癌患者的临床病理资料.结果姑息性手术治疗组73例,未手术组5例.全组患者中位生存时间11个月.单因素分析显示：原发灶切除,肿瘤合并症,肿瘤转移范围,CEA水平,是否接受化疗等因素与预后相关.Cox多因素分析仅显示肿瘤多发性转移、CEA水平升高和未化疗是Ⅳ期结直肠癌的独立危险因素.分析53例无肿瘤外科合并症患者的预后因素,原发灶切除组和未切除组的中位生存时间分别是12个月和10个月,预后差异无统计学意义（P=0.1568）,而肿瘤转移范围,CEA水平,是否接受化疗是患者生存的独立相关因素.结论对结直肠癌原发肿瘤引起的肠梗阻、消化道出血等合并症者,应争取积极手术切除;无外科合并症患者切除原发肿瘤并不能改善Ⅳ期结直肠癌患者的预后.     

结直肠癌肝转移的外科治疗

目的　探讨结、直肠癌肝转移的外科治疗。方法　对１９９３ 年１ 月至１９９９ 年１ 月的１９ 例结、直肠癌肝转移患者行外科治疗。其中６ 例同期切除,１０ 例分期切除,１ 例肝动脉结扎加无水乙醇注射,２ 例通过肝动脉结扎加化学药物治疗（化疗） 泵灌注化疗而获得二期手术切除机会。手术方式行肝不规则楔形切除１６ 例,左半肝切除２ 例。结果　术后１、３、５ 年生存率分别为８９％ 、５８％ 、２１％ 。６ 例同期肝切除者平均生存期２３ 个月,１０ 例分期肝切除者的平均生存期为３２ 个月。结论　掌握手术时机和适应证,积极进行肝动脉灌注化疗,提高手术切除成功率是提高存活率的关键。     

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目的探讨影响结直肠癌肝转移手术治疗的预后因素。方法回顾性分析中国医学科学院肿瘤医院腹部外科2000年1月至2011年1月资料完整并行手术治疗的123例结直肠癌肝转移病人的临床资料。结果全组病人1,3,5年存活率分别为87.2%,35.6%及21.1%。单因素分析显示肿瘤大小、术前癌胚抗原(CEA)水平、是否R0切除是影响预后的因素(P<0.05)。COX多因素分析显示是否R0切除是影响预后的独立危险因素。结论手术切除是结直肠癌肝转移病人获得长期生存的最佳手段,综合治疗是病人达到R0切除、改善远期疗效的关键。     

根治性手术切除结直肠癌肺转移灶的临床疗效及预后影响因素分析

目的探讨根治性手术切除结直肠癌肺转移灶的临床疗效及预后影响因素。方法采用回顾性队列研究方法。收集2004年1月至2015年12月北京大学肿瘤医院收治的63例结直肠癌肺转移病人的临床病理资料;男35例,女28例;年龄为(57±12)岁。病人均行原发灶和结直肠癌肺转移灶根治性R 0切除术。观察指标:(1)诊断及治疗情况。(2)随访及生存情况。(3)预后影响因素分析。采用门诊和电话方式进行随访,了解病人术后生存情况,随访时间截至2018年12月。正态分布的计量资料以x±s表示,偏态分布的计量资料以M(范围)表示。计数资料以绝对数或百分比表示。采用Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率并绘制生存曲线,单因素分析采用Log-rank检验,多因素分析采用COX比例风险模型。结果(1)诊断及治疗情况:63例结直肠癌肺转移病人中,同时性肺转移6例,异时性肺转移57例。18例病人胸部X线片检查初始发现肺部可疑转移灶,经X线计算机体层摄影术(CT)检查进一步证实为肺转移灶,45例病人胸部CT检查初始发现肺转移灶。63例病人均行原发灶和肺转移灶根治性R 0切除术。22例病人行纵隔淋巴结清扫,其中2例各有1枚纵隔淋巴结转移。所有病人术后恢复良好,未出现严重并发症。63例病人中,57例接受>6个月以氟尿嘧啶类药物为主的术后辅助化疗及靶向治疗。(2)随访及生存情况:63例病人均获得术后随访,随访时间为8~143个月,中位随访时间为58个月。63例病人中,19例死亡,24例出现二次复发,5年复发率为38.1%(24/63),复发时间为18个月(3~58个月)。24例二次复发病人中,19例发生肺转移,3例发生脑转移,2例发生骨转移,2例发生肝转移。同1例病人可同时发生多处转移。24例二次复发病人中,5例行再次手术治疗,19例行化疗和放化疗。63例病人5年总体生存率为62.7%。(3)预后影响因素分析:单因素分析结果为原发灶部位、肺转移灶数目和肺转移灶切除术前癌胚抗原水平是影响结直肠癌肺转移病人预后的相关因素(χ²=4.162、7.175、6.725,P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示:肺转移灶数目和肺转移灶切除术前癌胚抗原水平是结直肠癌肺转移病人预后的独立影响因素(风险比=2.725,2.778,95%可信区间为1.051~7.064、1.072~7.021,P<0.05)。结论根治性手术切除结直肠癌肺转移灶安全、可行。肺转移灶数目和肺转移灶切除术前癌胚抗原水平是结直肠癌肺转移病人预后的独立影响因素。     

Prognostic factors in survival of colorectal cancer patients with synchronous liver metastasis

Aim To determine the factors affecting the survival in colorectal cancer patients with synchronous liver metastases. Method A total of 168 patients who had been treated colorectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases at Guangxi Medical University from January 2000 to December 2005 were identified. Criteria studied consisted of gender, age, time of symptoms, primary tumour location, primary tumour circumference, histological type, grade (tumour differentiation), T‐status, N‐status, large bowel obstruction, type of operation, primary tumour resection, ascities, location, number and diameter of liver lesions, preoperative CEA and chemotherapy. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan–Meier method. Multivariate analysis was conducted by Cox regression analysis. Results The mean survival time for all patients was 18.71 (SEM = 1.59) months. The 1, 2, 3 and 5‐year survival rates were 55.95%, 23.21%, 12.30%, 8.0% respectively. Univariate analysis share of grade (tumour differentiation), N‐status, large bowel obstruction, operation, primary tumour resection, location, number and the most diameter of liver lesions, extrahepatic transfer, preoperative CEA level and chemotherapy to be predictors of survival. In the Cox regression analysis, the N‐status, large bowel obstruction, operation, diameter of liver lesion and extrahepatic transfer were independent factors related to survival. Conclusion Tumour differentiation, N‐status, bowel obstruction, operation, primary tumour resection, location of liver metastasis, number of liver metastasis, diameter of liver metastasis, extrahepatic transfer, preoperative CEA level and chemotherapy are related to the survival of patients with colorectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases.     

Analysis of Prognostic Factors Influencing Long-term Survival After Hepatic Resection for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Background The aim of this study was to analyze the prognostic factors associated with long-term outcome after liver resection for colorectal metastases. The retrospective analysis included 297 liver resections for colorectal metastases. Methods The variables considered included disease stage, differentiation grade, site and nodal metastasis of the primary tumor, number and diameter of the lesions, time from primary cancer to metastasis, preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, adjuvant chemotherapy, type of resection, intraoperative ultrasonography and portal clamping use, blood loss, transfusions, complications, hospitalization, surgical margins status, and a clinical risk score (MSKCC-CRS). Results The univariate analysis revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in overall 5-year survival rates depending on the differentiation grade, preoperative CEA >5 and >200 ng/ml, diameter of the lesion >5 cm, time from primary tumor to metastases >12 months, MSKCC-CRS >2. The multivariate analysis showed three independent negative prognostic factors: G3 or G4 grade, CEA >5 ng/ml, and high MSKCC-CRS. Conclusions No single prognostic factor proved to be associated with a sufficiently disappointing outcome to exclude patients from liver resection. However, in the presence of some prognostic factors (G3–G4 differentiation, preoperative CEA >5 ng/ml, high MSKCC-CRS), enrollment of patients in trials exploring new adjuvant treatments is suggested to improve the outcome after surgery.     

腹腔镜结直肠癌手术与开放手术远期疗效的对比研究

目的：探讨腹腔镜辅助结直肠癌根治术的远期疗效及其预后的影响因素。方法：回顾分析2004年1月至2006年12月施行82例腹腔镜结直肠癌手术及86例开放手术的临床资料,统计分析两组患者的一般资料、手术情况、病理结果及生存期等数据。结果：168例中失访21例,随访的147例中目前仍存活101例,死亡46例。开放手术组患者术后1年、3年、5年整体生存率分别为91.7%、67.6%、64.6%;腹腔镜组术后1年、3年、5年整体生存率分别为96.0%、89.3%、63.6%。Log-rank检验显示差异有统计学意义（P=0.049）。单因素分析：与结直肠癌预后有关的因素包括手术方式、分化程度、淋巴结转移、病理分期、术前CEA、术后化疗。按ɑ=0.05标准,进行Cox回归模型多因素分析表明,分化程度、pTNM分期、术前CEA、术后化疗是影响结直肠癌生存的独立预后指标,相对危险度分别为1.522,3.019,2.038,1.762。结论：腹腔镜结直肠癌手术的远期疗效优于开放手术,但不是影响结直肠癌预后的独立因素。分化程度、pTNM分期、术前CEA、术后化疗是影响结直肠癌患者远期生存的独立预后指标,其中肿瘤分期是影响结直肠癌预后最重要的因素。     

Pre- and postoperative carcinoembryonic antigen determinations in hepatic resection for colorectal metastases. Predictive value and implications for adjuvant treatment based on multivariate analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The object of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of pre- and postoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in the resectional treatment of colorectal hepatic metastases. The main question was whether postoperative CEA levels correlated with survival and the time to recurrence. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Despite numerous investigations on prognostic factors in colorectal cancer, only sparse data are available to estimate the patient's individual risk for tumor recurrence postoperatively. It is controversial whether preoperative CEA values are of prognostic significance, and after observing the kinetics of CEA decline, elevated CEA levels postoperatively were found to be an ominous sign. CEA therefore could indicate the presence of a tumor burden after resection. METHODS: One hundred sixty-six patients undergoing hepatic resection for colorectal metastases with curative intent were prospectively documented and underwent multivariate analysis for indicators of prognosis. RESULTS: Abnormal preoperative CEA levels were not of prognostic significance compared with values within the normal range (survival, 36 vs. 30 months; p = 0.12; disease-free survival, 12 vs. 10 months; p = 0.82). The postoperative serum CEA level, however, was the most predictive factor with regard to survival and the disease-free interval. Patients in whom CEA levels were abnormal before surgery and returned into the normal range after resection had significantly better survival times (37 vs. 23 months, p = 0.0001) and disease-free survival times (12 vs. 6.2 months, p = 0.0001) compared with patients with persistently abnormal values. CONCLUSIONS: Pre- and postoperative determination of the serum CEA level is mandatory to judge whether a curative resection has been performed and whether tumor has been left behind after the operation. Postoperative CEA levels also should be used as a stratification criterion in adjuvant treatment studies after hepatic resection to indicate patients with a high risk of tumor recurrence.     

Management of intrahepatic recurrence after curative treatment of colorectal liver metastases

BACKGROUND: Management of intrahepatic recurrence after complete surgical treatment for colorectal liver metastases is not well defined. The aim of this study was to analyse the survival results of patients who had repeat liver resection for intrahepatic recurrence and to evaluate prognostic indicators for survival. METHODS: Between 1991 and 2005, 55 patients had repeat liver resection for isolated intrahepatic recurrence. The long-term survival results were assessed. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to identify prognostic indicators for survival after repeat hepatectomy. RESULTS: The median survival was 53 (range 2-97) months and the 5-year survival rate was 49 per cent. In univariable analysis, size of largest initial liver metastasis, margin of initial liver surgery, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level before and after initial liver surgery, liver disease-free survival, margin of repeat liver surgery, operation type of repeat surgery and CEA level before and after repeat surgery were significant prognostic factors. In multivariable analysis, largest initial liver metastasis 4 cm or less and CEA level 5 ng/ml or less after repeat liver surgery were independently associated with improved survival. CONCLUSION: Repeat hepatectomy can achieve an acceptable survival in selected patients with isolated intrahepatic recurrence.     

影响结直肠癌肝转移手术切除患者预后的多因素分析

目的 探讨影响结直肠癌肝转移患者手术切除的预后因素。方法 收集1995-2001年间收治的结直肠癌肝转移手术切除患者103例的资料，用Kaplan-Meier法计算术后生存率，以Cox模型进行多变量分析。结果 患者术后1、3年无瘤生存率分别为73．8％和43．7％，术后1、3年累积生存率分别为7g．6％和49．5％。单因素分析显示：术前血清CEA水平、转移灶与原发灶的治疗间隔时间、术中切缘情况、肝门淋巴结转移、肝内卫星灶的存在与否、肝转移灶的最大直径、数目及有无包膜影响患者的术后肝内复发和术后累积生存率，而术后化疗可以提高患者的累积生存率。多因素分析显示：转移灶与原发灶的治疗间隔时间、切缘情况、肝内卫星灶的存在与否和肝转移灶的最大直径是影响肝内复发和累积生存率的独立因素，而肝门淋巴结转移是影响累积生存率的独立因素，有无包膜是影响肝内复发的独立因素。结论 手术切除是结直肠癌肝转移有效的治疗手段。转移灶与原发灶的治疗间隔时间、切缘情况、肝内卫星灶、肝转移灶的大小和包膜、肝门淋巴结转移等是患者预后的独立影响因素。     

结直肠癌伴同时性肝转移的治疗

目的 探讨结直肠癌伴同时性肝转移患者的临床相关病理因素以及手术治疗.方法 回顾性分析1994年8月至2006年12月收治患者的临床资料及随访结果,比较结直肠癌无肝转移和有同时性肝转移患者的病理特点及不同程度肝转移患者和不同手术处理的预后.结果 2019例原发性结直肠癌患者中发生同时性肝转移者166例(8.10%).多因素分析显示:术前CEA水平、Ducks分期、肿瘤分化程度与浆膜浸润是同时性肝转移发生的高危因素;同时性肝转移术后1、3、5年生存率分别为69%、21%、9%;不同程度肝转移(H1、H2、H3)组间预后差异有统计学意义(X2=23.35,P<0.01).根治性手术切除组总体生存率明显高于姑息切除和未能切除组生存率(X2=21.18,P<0.01);姑息切除组和未切除组近期生存率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),远期生存率差异无统计学意义(P=0.13).结论 结直肠癌伴同时性肝转移患者肝转移程度不同预后也不同.能够根治性切除的结直肠癌伴同时性肝转移预后较好,姑息切除原发病灶可提高近期预后和生活质量.