腹腔镜阑尾切除术残端包埋技巧及临床应用

目的探讨腹腔镜阑尾切除术（LA）残端包埋技巧及临床应用。方法自2008年1月至2011年2月,行LA86例,采取四针正向浆肌层缝合包埋阑尾残端。结果 86例LA均顺利完成阑尾残端包埋,手术时间22～70min,平均36min,术后住院时间2～5d,平均2.8d,无并发症发生。随访71例,随访时间3～12个月,无腹痛症状及其他并发症发生。结论腹腔镜下四针正向缝合包埋阑尾残端,符合缝合习惯,操作简单,安全可行,容易在临床开展应用。     

腹腔镜阑尾切除术阑尾残端两种处理方法的对比研究

目的:对比研究腹腔镜阑尾切除术(laparoscopic appendectomy,LA)中阑尾残端的两种处理方法。方法:2004年7月至2013年6月为216例患者行LA,将其随机分为夹闭组(n=86)与荷包组(n=130),夹闭组在处理阑尾系膜后采用钛夹或高分子结扎钉直接夹闭阑尾残端;荷包组处理阑尾系膜后缝扎阑尾残端,并荷包缝合包埋。对比分析两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后肠功能恢复时间、术后住院时间及并发症发生率。结果:两组患者手术过程顺利,无中转开腹及严重并发症发生。夹闭组手术时间短于荷包组[(27±9)min vs.(38±12)min,P=0.04];术中出血量[(12±6)ml vs.(14±7)ml,P=0.17]、术后肠功能恢复时间[(26±8)h vs.(28±9)h,P=0.25]及术后住院时间[(2.7±1.8)d vs.(2.9±1.6)d,P=0.14]两组差异无统计学意义;夹闭组中8例出现下腹不适,3例术后出现腹痛,5例出现术后发热,1例行二次手术;荷包组中3例出现下腹不适,1例术后腹痛,2例出现术后发热,无二次手术。夹闭组术后并发症发生率(19.8%vs.4.6%,P<0.01)及粘连性肠梗阻发生率(8.1%vs.3.1%,P<0.01)显著高于荷包组。结论:应用荷包包埋法处理阑尾残端手术时间略长,但术后并发症发生率低,是LA术中阑尾残端安全的处理方法。     

腹腔镜阑尾切除术残端荷包包埋61例

目的总结腹腔镜阑尾切除术残端荷包包埋的手术经验。方法回顾分析2009年7月至2010年6月施行的61例腹腔镜阑尾切除术,术中阑尾残端均行荷包包埋,阐述手术的经验体会。结果 61例腹腔镜阑尾切除术残端荷包包埋均成功完成,无一例发生副损伤及并发症。结论腹腔镜下阑尾残端荷包包埋是安全可行的,不增加患者的手术费用,值得推广。     

腹腔镜急性化脓性阑尾切除术中阑尾残端几种处理方式的经验和体会

目的比较腹腔镜急性化脓性阑尾切除术4种不同的阑尾残端处理方式的优劣性。方法选取我院2014年6月至2016年3月期间腹腔镜急性化脓性阑尾切除术患者共287例,根据阑尾残端处理方式分为4组:Hem-o-lock夹夹闭(Hemolock组77例)、单纯7号线双重结扎(双重结扎组103例)、单纯7号线双重结扎后加荷包缝合包埋(双重结扎加包埋组51例)、和单纯7号线缝扎组(56例)。比较4组的手术时间、术中出血量、排气时间、住院时间、严重并发症。结果所有4个组患者的手术过程顺利,无中转开腹,Hemolock组、双重结扎组、荷包缝合包埋组和缝扎组4组的手术时间、术中出血量、排气时间、住院时间、严重并发症方面比较的差异无统计学意义。结论对于腹腔镜手术技巧熟练的术者来说,阑尾根部几种处理方式的选择不影响患者的手术恢复以及并发症发生。     

横结肠无血管区系膜包裹并缝扎胰腺残端预防术后胰液漏的临床疗效

目的 探讨横结肠无血管区系膜包裹并缝扎胰腺残端预防胰体尾切除术后胰液漏的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2011年5月至2014年3月郑州大学附属肿瘤医院收治的69例行胰体尾切除术患者的临床资料.35例患者用丝线间断纵向缝合胰腺残端后采用横结肠无血管区系膜包裹胰腺残端并缝扎作为改良组,34例患者胰腺残端用丝线间断缝合后未做其他处理作为对照组.比较两组患者的胰腺残端处理时间、并发症发生情况、引流管放置时间以及术后住院时间.采用门诊或电话随访,随访时间截至2014年6月.两组均数比较采用t检验,计数资料比较采用x2检验.结果 改良组和对照组胰腺残端处理时间分别为(15.2 ±2.1)min和(13.2 ±3.2)min,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(t=1.565,P＞0.05).改良组患者无胰液漏发生,对照组9例患者术后发生胰液漏,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(x2=9.399,P＜0.05).改良组和对照组患者术后胰腺残端引流管放置时间分别为(6.1±2.2)d和(16.6 ±3.5)d,术后住院时间分别为(12.5±2.5)d和(21.5±3.5)d,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(t=-11.902,-9.853,P＜0.05).63例患者获得随访,随访时间为1～35个月,平均随访时间为15个月.随访期间,15例患者死亡,其余恢复良好.结论 横结肠无血管区系膜包裹并缝扎胰腺残端能有效预防胰体尾切除术后胰液漏并能缩短术后住院时间.     

难以结扎的阑尾残端112例处理分析

我院自 1985年 1月至 2 0 0 1年 11月共施行阑尾切除术 1664例 ,其中 112例(占 6.7% )处理阑尾残端时较为困难。现将处理技巧报告如下。本组 112例 ,男性 64例 ,女 48例 ,年龄 12～ 80岁。急性化脓性阑尾炎 66例 ,急性坏疽性阑尾炎 46例。根据残端病变造成手术处理困难分为 5类 :( 1)阑尾根部粗大型 ( 18/ 112 ) :采用无残端阑尾切除法 ,分离并结扎阑尾系膜后 ,将阑尾提起 ,在阑尾部环形切开阑尾浆肌层直达粘膜 ,在基底部结扎切断阑尾粘膜 ,浆肌层间断缝合包埋残端。 ( 2 )阑尾根部明显水肿质脆型 ( 3 4/ 112 ) :采用阑尾残端缝扎系膜包埋法…     

无钛夹腔内打结法腹腔镜阑尾切除的临床研究

目的 :探讨腔内打结技术在无钛夹腹腔镜阑尾切除术中的效果。方法 :应用腹腔镜腔内打结术行三孔法腹腔镜阑尾切除术 38例。于阑尾系膜根部紧贴阑尾壁戳孔分离系膜 ,穿过 7号丝线结扎阑尾系膜 ,沿阑尾缘电凝至根部 ,双重结扎切除阑尾。结果 :患者均于腹腔镜下行阑尾切除术 ,无中转开腹 ,手术平均时间 4 2min ,平均住院 4d。结论 :无钛夹腔内打结法腹腔镜阑尾切除术具有患者创伤小 ,康复快 ,安全可靠 ,手术费用低 ,消除因钛夹留置体内对患者心理及磁共振等检查不利影响的特点     

改良荷包缝合法在腹腔镜阑尾切除术中的应用

目的探讨改良荷包缝合法在腹腔镜阑尾切除术中的可行性及临床效果。方法 2012年1月~2014年12月我科在36例腹腔镜阑尾切除术中应用改良荷包缝合法,即间断环形缝合前半荷包与间断纵形(或斜形)缝合后半荷包合成一个荷包,包埋阑尾残端。结果术中无须改变持针方式和缝合习惯即可轻松完成腹腔镜下荷包缝合,36例LA均顺利收紧荷包缝线并包埋阑尾残端,无一例中转开腹。手术时间(70±20)min,术后住院时间(5±2)d。无荷包缝线撕裂浆肌层、阑尾残端漏或腹腔残余脓肿等并发症。36例术后半年通过电话随访,均无腹痛、腹胀等。结论改良荷包缝合法缝合荷包包埋阑尾残端具有操作方便,安全可靠的优点,避免应用传统方法缝合荷包给手术操作带来的诸多不便,降低因阑尾根部处理不满意而中转开腹的几率,值得推广应用。     

免钛夹单极梯度电凝法腹腔镜阑尾切除术120例临床体会

目的:探讨腹腔镜阑尾切除术(laparoscopic appendectomy,LA)应用免钛夹单极梯度电凝法处理阑尾系膜的安全性和手术技巧.方法:回顾分析为120例患者应用免钛夹单极梯度电凝法行LA的临床资料.结果:120例手术均获成功,手术时间30～90min,平均45min.术后住院2～7d,平均4d,术后无出血...     

单孔腹腔镜下阑尾残端荷包包埋与单纯结扎的临床疗效评价

目的:探讨荷包缝合包埋阑尾残端在单孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术中的应用价值。方法:回顾分析2016年5月至2018年5月因急性、慢性阑尾炎行单孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术的42例患者的临床资料,其中19例残端采用荷包包埋(包埋组),23例残端采用丝线单纯结扎(结扎组),对比分析两组患者手术情况及术后恢复情况。结果:两组术中出血量、术后通气时间、住院时间及术后并发症发生率差异均无统计学意义,但包埋组手术时间长于结扎组,术后早期切口疼痛评分高于结扎组。结论:阑尾残端荷包包埋与单纯结扎均是单孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术中处理阑尾根部安全、有效的方式,单纯结扎相对简化了手术,缩短了手术时间,降低了术后早期切口疼痛,且不会增加术后并发症发生率。     

单双极电凝法行腹腔镜阑尾切除术的临床应用研究

目的:研究应用单双极电凝法行腹腔镜阑尾切除术的可行性和安全性.方法:48例阑尾炎患者均采用单双极电凝法行腹腔镜阑尾切除术,用双极电凝和剪刀处理阑尾动脉和系膜,用单极电钩分离粘连并切开阑尾根部浆膜层,钛夹或缝线处理阑尾根部后切除阑尾.结果:48例手术均获成功,均无残端粪漏发生,亦无残端脓肿及其他并发症发生.术后平均住院3...     

Closure of bronchopleural fistula after pneumonectomy with a pedicled intercostal muscle flap.

OBJECTIVES: The value of the pedicled intercostal muscle flap for the closure of postpneumonectomy bronchopleural fistulas was studied retrospectively. METHODS: Bronchopleural fistula was suspected in case of fever, cough, putrid or haemorrhagic expectoration, in combination with a rise of WBC and CRP. Fistula diagnosis was established bronchoscopically. Two patients underwent an initial trial of bronchoscopic sealing, the rest were reoperated immediately after fistula diagnosis. Immediately after operation antibiotic irrigation according to culture sensitivity was started via a single chest tube drainage twice a day. After instillation of antibiotics the drain was kept clamped for 3 h. Culture samples were obtained twice a week. Empyema was considered eradicated, if three subsequent cultures showed no bacterial growth. After drain removal the patients were kept in hospital for another week and observed for clinical signs of infection, WBC and CRP were controlled. Age, side, sex, histology, TNM-stage, duration of hospital stay after fistula diagnosis (days), duration of treatment (defined as the duration of chest tube drainage in days after operation), total hospital stay (including the initial hospital stay for primary resection and the hospital stay for fistula treatment in case of readmission), fistula size (mm), interval (days) between primary operation and fistula formation, and bacteriology were recorded. RESULTS: Eight patients (seven male) were treated. Age ranged from 46 to 70 years (mean 57.86). Six fistulas were located on the right side. All patients had non small cell lung cancer. Interval ranged from 2 to 72 days (mean 26.9 days). Fistula size ranged from 1 to 7 mm (mean 3.43). Seven fistulas were successfully closed. Duration of treatment lasted from 15 to 28 days in those patients treated successfully (mean 17). Hospital stay ranged from 15 to 31 days (mean 24.4). In one patient the flap became necrotic, he was successfully treated with total thoracoplasty. One patient died on the 38th day after rethoracotomy due to aspiration pneumonia. At postmortem examination the bronchial stump was closed. CONCLUSION: The use of the pedicled intercostal muscular flap is an efficient method for the closure of bronchopleural fistula after pneumonectomy.     

腹腔镜外科和妇科联合手术的临床应用

目的：探讨腹腔镜技术在外科和妇科疾病治疗中联合应用的临床价值。　
方法：总结近7年来施行腹腔镜联合手术治疗妇、外科疾病229例的临床资料,其中腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)联合输卵管造口术5例,LC联合卵巢囊肿剥除术28例,LC联合子宫肌瘤剔除术25例,LC联合子宫次全切除术39例,LC联合子宫全切除术26例,LC联合子宫内膜异位症手术6例;腹腔镜阑尾切除术(laparoscopicappendectomy,LA)联合输卵管手术38例,LA联合卵巢囊肿切除术32例,LA联合子宫全切除术或子宫次全切除术24例,腹腔镜肝囊肿开窗引流术联合卵巢囊肿切除术6例。
结果：229例妇、外科联合腹腔镜手术均获成功,无中转开腹手术。手术时间40~220 min,平均120 min;住院1~6 d,平均3.4 d。仅1例术后10 d阴道残端出血非手术疗法治愈。175例随访3~24个(平均19.5)月,1例术后2个月发现阴道残端息肉,经手术切除治愈。　
结论：严格掌握联合手术指征,充分术前准备,多科室良好配合,腹腔镜联合手术能够有效地同时处理外科和妇科并存疾病,在基层医院具有良好的应用前景。     

单极电凝和系膜结扎在腹腔镜阑尾切除术中的应用

目的:探讨单极电凝和系膜结扎在腹腔镜阑尾切除术(laparoscopic appendectomy,LA)中的应用价值。方法:为129例患者行三孔法LA。经脐上缘、右下腹、左侧腹直肌外缘分别穿刺10mm、5mm、5mm Trocar,找到阑尾分离粘连后用弹簧抓钳提起阑尾系膜,弯钳穿透系膜无血管区,用7号丝线双重结扎,电凝钩烧灼离断。阑尾根部用7号丝线结扎,距此线上方约1cm处再结扎一道,中间剪断,烧灼消毒断端粘膜。将阑尾置入标本袋经脐孔取出。结果:1例因腹膜内位阑尾中转开腹,1例因系膜较窄将系膜和阑尾根部一同结扎中转开腹。2例因系膜粘连难以分离仅行烧灼。所有患者均无腹腔内出血、脓肿、残株阑尾炎等并发症发生。结论:单极电凝和系膜结扎在LA中应用简单,经济,可靠,在无超声刀的单位更值得推广。     

Hem-o-lok结扎锁在腹腔镜阑尾切除术中的应用

目的总结腹腔镜阑尾切除应用Hem-o-lok结扎锁处理阑尾根部的经验。方法 2009年5月～2011年6月对284例急性阑尾炎和40例慢性阑尾炎急性发作行腹腔镜阑尾切除术,超声刀切断系膜至阑尾根部,16 mm Hem-o-lok结扎锁(Weck Closure Systems)处理阑尾根部。根部近心端1～2枚Hem-o-lok结扎锁夹闭,远心端以超声刀切断。结果 324例均顺利完成手术,未发生严重并发症。阑尾根部处理顺利,所有病例均用结扎锁完成,无结扎锁滑脱现象。手术时间20～70 min,平均35 min。术中出血2～20 ml,平均10 ml。术后住院3～5 d,平均4 d。300例随访5～14个月,平均7个月,无切口感染、再发右下腹痛等发生。结论腹腔镜阑尾切除术中应用Hem-o-lok结扎锁处理阑尾根部,安全可靠,经济实用,操作方便,值得临床推广应用。     

经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊阑尾联合切除术16例报告

目的探讨经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊阑尾联合切除术的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析我院2010年7月～2012年1月16例经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊阑尾联合切除术的临床资料。经脐置入多孔道trocar,曲线形腹腔镜器械先切除胆囊并使用推结器丝线打结结扎胆囊动脉及胆囊管,然后行阑尾切除,4例由脐孔行拖出式阑尾切除,12例应用常规腹腔镜器械切除阑尾并使用推结器丝线打结结扎阑尾动脉及阑尾根部。结果 16例均获成功,未放置引流。手术时间60～150 min,平均80.4 min,无并发症发生。结论使用专用器械行经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊阑尾联合切除术安全、可行,但较传统腹腔镜手术操作困难,需要有一个学习曲线。     

腹腔镜阑尾切除术残端夹闭与缝合包埋疗效的Meta分析

目的系统评价腹腔镜阑尾切除术残端直接夹闭与缝合包埋的疗效与安全性。 方法计算机检索Pubmed、Embase、Web of Science、Clinical Trail、Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据库、中国知网、维普期刊数据库,收集腹腔镜阑尾切除术残端夹闭与缝合包埋相关的随机对照试验（RCT）,检索时限为建库起至2020年1月,对符合纳入标准的研究进行资料提取及质量评价后行荟萃分析。 结果共纳入14项RCT 1 739例患者,两种方法的术后胃肠功能恢复时间无明显统计学差异（MD=-0.61,95% CI：-1.93~0.70,P=0.36）,但应用直接夹闭法处理阑尾残端较缝合包埋法有手术时间短（MD=-14.81,95% CI：-17.20~-12.43,P<0.001）、术中出血量少（MD=-3.54,95% CI：-4.79~-2.29,P<0.001）、总住院时间短（MD=-0.38,95% CI：-0.68~-0.09,P=0.01）及术后住院时间短（MD=-0.20,95% CI：-0.38~-0.03,P=0.02）、术后并发症少（RR=0.70,95% CI：0.50~0.98,P<0.05）的优势;而缝合包埋法有住院费用低的优点（MD=2.84,95% CI：1.56~4.12,P<0.001）。 结论腹腔镜阑尾切除术残端采用直接夹闭法与缝合包埋法各有优势,对于阑尾残端条件好的患者,直接夹闭法可做首选。应综合考虑内外在因素,个性化进行方案选择和处理。     

Skin grafts for the salvage of degloved below-knee amputation stumps.

We present a series of six patients in whom a traumatic below-knee amputation was associated with significant degloving, such that there was inadequate local skin to achieve primary stump closure. In each case, skin grafts were used to cover the stump muscle flaps. The patients ranged in age from 21 years to 73 years; the mean hospital stay was 72 days and the mean follow-up was 48 months. Despite an average of five procedures to achieve stump healing and an average of 118 days to first limb fitting, all patients have achieved independent mobility with their prosthesis. All have had minor stump problems necessitating periods of time off their prosthesis. Three patients have required minor stump-revision surgery. The advantages of a below-knee amputation over an above-knee amputation compensate for these problems. The forgiving nature of modern prostheses has contributed to acceptable results in these patients, who had what may previously have been considered insufficiently durable stump cover.     

Laparoscopic appendectomy in children: use of the endoloop vs the endostapler

HYPOTHESIS: Two techniques are used for laparoscopic appendectomy (LA): division of the mesoappendix with the harmonic scalpel and ligation of the appendix with an endoloop (EL), or division of the mesoappendix and appendix with an endostapler (ES). Using an ES is a cost-effective technique that provides an outcome benefit in children who require appendectomy. DESIGN: Case series. SETTING: Academic, tertiary care children's hospital. PATIENTS: Seventy-five children who underwent LA from January 1, 2002, to March 31, 2004. INTERVENTION: Laparoscopic appendectomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Age, diagnosis, length of stay, surgical time, total operating room time, complications, and instrumentation costs were compared between the EL and ES groups. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in age, length of stay, perforated, gangrenous, or acute appendicitis diagnoses, or complications between the groups. The surgical time and total operating room time for LA in children in the ES group were significantly shorter than in children in the EL group by 15% and 17%, respectively (P<.05). The disposable equipment costs for LA were $201 per case in the ES group vs $400 per case in the EL group. The mean 14.9-minute increase in total operating room time in children in the EL group resulted in $373 of additional operating room and anesthesia costs. The decreased disposable equipment costs and shorter surgical time of LA in the ES group led to cost savings of $572 per case as compared with children who underwent LA with an EL. CONCLUSIONS: There is no significant difference in outcome between children who undergo LA with an EL or with an ES. However, this study supports the use of the ES for LA as a more cost-effective technique that is associated with reduced surgical time.