nm23－H1等位基因缺失与大肠癌转移相关性研究

ｎｍ２３基因是近年来发现的与肿瘤转移表型抑制相关的基因，称之为转移抑制基因。ｎｍ２３基因的等位基因缺失、突变和低表达与多种人类肿瘤转移相关。ｎｍ２３基因包括ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１及ｎｍ２３－Ｈ２两种亚型。我们利用Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交技术检测了２３例大肠癌及其相应正常粘膜基因组ＤＮＡｎｍ２３－Ｈ１等位基因缺失情况，结果发现５例存在ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１等位基因缺失。有淋巴结、肝或其它脏器转移者，ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１等位基因缺失率为５７．１％（４／７），而无转移者为６．２％（１／１６）。两组比较差异有显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．００５）。ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１等位基因缺失与肿瘤大小、部位及分化程度无显著相关（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结果表明，ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１基因在抑制大肠癌转移方面起重要作用。     

nm23—H1等位基因缺失与大肠癌转移相关性研究

ｎｍ２３基因是近年来发现的与肿瘤转移表型抑制相关的基因，称之为转移抑制基因。ｎｍ２３基因的等位基因缺失、突变和低表达与多种人类肿瘤转移相关。ｎｍ２３基因包括ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１及ｎｍ２３－Ｈ２两种亚型。我们利用Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交技术检测了２３例大肠癌及其相应正常粘膜基因组ＤＮＡｎｍ２３－Ｈ１等位基因缺失情况，结果发现５例存在ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１等位基因缺失。有淋巴结、肝或其它脏器转移者，ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１等位基     

nm23—H1和p53基因表达与肝细胞癌临床病理学特征的关系

目的：研究ｎｍ３２－Ｈ１和ｐ基因表达与肝细胞癌（肝癌（临床病理学特征的关系。方法：采用ＡＢＣ免疫组织化学染色法检测了２９例肝癌标本的ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１和ｐ５３基因表达。结果：ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１基因在肝癌中表达的阴性率为６０％（１８／２９）；ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１基因低表达与门静脉癌栓、肝癌分化程度Ｅｄｍｏｎｄｓｏｎ分级、血清ＡＦＰ水平等显著相关（ｐ均〈０．０５）；ｐ５３基因表达阳性率为７０％（２０／２９，ｐ５３基     

大肠癌中nm23—H1蛋白的表达及临床意义的探讨

目的检测了ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１基因产物ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１蛋白在７０例大肠癌中的表达,就其临床意义进行探讨。方法免疫组化ＬＳＡＢ方法。结果ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１蛋白在大肠癌中有较高的表达,阳性率为４４．３％;分化程度高者阳性率高于分化程度低者,有淋巴结转移的表达阳性率（２３．１％）明显低于无转移者（７０．９％）,表达阳性率随分期的进展逐渐下降,与预后呈正相关。ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１蛋白在大肠癌的分化发展中起一定的作用。结论检测ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１蛋白的表达可成为评价大肠癌患者预后的指标     

卵巢肿瘤中癌基因 nm23Hl,c-erbB-2,ras 和 p53 的蛋白表达与腹膜后淋巴结转移关系的研究

目的本研究旨在结合腹膜后淋巴结切除术，探讨癌蛋白ｎｍ２３Ｈ１，ｐ１８５，ｐ２１，ｐ５３在卵巢癌中的表达与卵巢癌腹膜后淋巴转移（ＬＮＭ）的关系。方法采用免疫组化方法测定石腊包埋标本中ｎｍ２３Ｈ１，ｐ１８５，ｐ２１和ｐ５３的表达，单因素、多因素分析它们的表达与淋巴结转移关系。结果在３１例（３１．６％）患者中ｎｍ２３Ｈ１蛋白表达阳性；ｐ２１的表达与组织分化程度及残留癌相关。病理证实４９例（５５．１％）有淋巴结转移；ｎｍ２３Ｈ１蛋白表达阳性的ＬＮＭ率低（３５．７％ｖｓ６３．９％，Ｐ＝０．０１２）；ｐ２１表达与ＬＮＭ正相关（Ｐ＜０．００１）；ｐ１８５（～）病例ＬＮＭ率（６４．４％）高于ｐ１８５（＋）或ｐ１８５（－）的转移率（４５．９％），但差异无统计学意义；ｐ５３表达与ＬＮＭ无关。与ＬＮＭ相关的临床因素是伴有腹水、组织分化不良、残留灶和分期晚。经Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归多因素分析，影响淋巴结转移的独立危险因素是ｎｍ２３Ｈ１蛋白阴性表达，ｐ２１的阳性表达、有残留灶和分化差。结论在卵巢恶性肿瘤中，ｎｍ２３Ｈ１蛋白和ｐ２１的表达对腹膜后淋巴结转移有独立的联合作用，而ｐ１８５和ｐ５３的表达则无关。     

nm23—H1,p16蛋白在大肠肿瘤中的表达及其意义

目的 探讨大肠癌、大肠腺瘤及正常粘膜中ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１,ｐ１６蛋白的表达。结果 应用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法对３０例大肠癌、２５例大肠腺瘤及２５例正常大肠粘膜中ｎｍ２３－Ｈ、ｐ１６蛋白的表达进行测定。结果 大肠癌组织中ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１与ｐ１６阳性表达率分别为６６．７％和４０．０％;ｐ１６在大肠癌中的表达水平明显低于正常大肠粘膜及腺瘤中的表达（Ｐ〈０．０５）,而ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１表达在各组间虽呈下降趋势,但无显著性     

大肠癌组织中nm23和p53蛋白的表达及其意义

目的 探讨ｎｍ２３和ｐ５３蛋白在大肠癌组织中的表达及其意义。方法 采用免疫组化ＬＳＡＢ法检测ｎｍ２３和ｐ５３蛋白在５６例大肠癌组织中的表达情况。结果 大肠癌组织中ｎｍ２３蛋白和ｐ５３蛋白表达率分别为２７．７％（１８／６５）和５２．３％（３４／６５）,两者的阳性表达呈负相关（γ＝－０．３１,Ｐ〈０．０５）;ｎｍ２３蛋白和ｐ５３高表达均与大肠癌淋巴结转移、Ｄｕｋｅ’ｓ分期及预后有关,与组织分化程度无关     

p53、nm23基因在喉鳞癌中的异常表达

目的：探讨ｐ５３ 、ｎｍ ２３ 基因在喉鳞癌中的异常表达与预后的关系。方法：应用免疫组织化学方法对３９例喉鳞癌石蜡标本进行ｐ５３ 蛋白、ｎｍ ２３ 蛋白检测。结果：１８ 例（４６－１ ％ ） 喉癌呈ｐ５３ 过度表达；２９ 例（７４－４％ ） 喉癌呈ｎ ｍ２３ 阳性表达。ｐ５３ 蛋白的阳性过度表达与ｎ ｍ２３ 阳性表达与喉癌的临床分期、颈淋巴结转移及５ 年生存率密切相关。结论：ｐ５３ 蛋白、ｎｍ ２３ 蛋白表达可作为临床预测喉癌颈淋巴结转移及预后的重要参考指标。     

nm23－H_1基因蛋白在大肠癌中表达与预后的关系

用ＬＳＡＢ免疫组化法测定２００例大肠癌组织中ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１基因蛋白，结果发现：（１）ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１在２００例大肠癌中阳性表达率２８．５％，其中在乳头状腺癌，高分化腺癌，粘膜内癌及无淋巴结转移者阳性率显著高于其它各型（Ｐ＜０．０１）。（２）ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１阳性病例比阴性病例有较高的生存率和较低的复发率（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果表明ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１在大肠癌中的阳性表达在抑制肿瘤复发及转移中起了重要作用，可作为大肠癌患者预测转移和预后的有用指标     

120例胃癌中p16,nm23—H1基因蛋白表达与临床预后的关系

应用ＬＳＡＢ免疫组化法对１２０例胃癌组织中，ｐ１６，ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１基因蛋白测定，结果发现，ｐ１６和ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１，阳性表达率分别为４８．３％，２９．２％。二者共同阳性为２２．５％，ｐ１６，ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１阳性病例存活率明显高于阴性病例（Ｐ〈０．０１），ｐ１６、ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１阳性病例存活率明显高于阴性病例（Ｐ〈０．０１），结果提示ｐ１６，ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１在胃癌中的阳性表达对抑制肿瘤生长、浸润和转移起了重     

p53和nm23杂合性缺失及表达异常在晚期胃肠癌转移中的作用

目的：研究原发胃肠肿瘤及其淋巴结转移癌和肝转移癌中p53和nm23基因的杂合性缺失(loss of heterozygosity,LOH)及其表达情况,探讨基因杂合性缺失和蛋白表达异常在肿瘤细胞转移中的作用,验证转移进展模型的可信性。方法：用多聚酶链反应-单链构象多态性(PCR-SSCP)银染法和免疫组织化学方法分析21例原发癌、16例淋巴结转移癌和21例肝转移癌中p53和nm23基因的杂合性缺失及其表达状况。结果：原发灶、淋巴结转移组织和肝脏转移组织中,p53位点的LOH发生率分别为37.5%、50.0%和68.8%(P＞0.05)．nm23的LOH发生率分别为26.7%、36.4%和40.0%(P＞0.05)；突变型p53蛋白表达率依次为85.7%、87.5%和90.5%(P＞0.05),nm23蛋白表达率分别为76.2%、50.0%和42.9%(肝转移与原发灶相比,P＜0.05)。结论：肿瘤发展过程中,遗传学异常逐步积累,最终转移发生,本研究结果符合转移进展模型理论；p53和nm23的异常改变促进胃肠癌的发展和转移,是肿瘤发展后期的重要分子事件。     

Common regions of deletion on chromosomes 5q, 6q, and 10q in renal cell carcinoma.

Relatively frequent losses of heterozygosity on chromosomes 5q, 6q, and 10q, in addition to loss of heterozygosity on the short arm of chromosome 3, have been observed in renal cell carcinomas. As the first step toward isolation of tumor suppressor genes on these three chromosomal arms, we used six restriction fragment length polymorphism markers for 5q, nine for 6q, and eight for 10q to identify regions commonly deleted in a panel of 64 renal cell carcinomas. Allelic losses were common at chromosome 5q21, the region where the MCC (mutated in colorectal cancer) gene was recently identified; at chromosome 6q27; and at chromosome 10q21-23. Furthermore, as association was observed between accumulation of allelic losses on these three chromosomal arms and progression of tumors. Loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 5 showed a correlation with the histopathological grade of a given tumor and the incidence of distant metastasis.     

Expression and mutational analysis of Nm23-H1 in liver metastases of colorectal cancer.

It has been proposed that nm23-H1, a candidate suppressor gene for metastasis, plays an important role in metastasis formation of human tumours. In order to investigate its role in the progression of colorectal cancer, we analysed 22 liver metastases of this malignancy with respect to mutational changes, loss of heterozygosity and expression levels of nm23-H1. Although genetic alterations in nm23-H1 have recently been described in those colorectal adenocarcinomas which give rise to distant metastases, we were unable to detect any mutation in the coding sequence of nm23-H1 in the metastatic tissue itself. We further analysed the metastases with respect to allelic deletions at the chromosomal locus of nm23. However, no loss of heterozygosity could be detected in ten informative cases. Moreover, the mRNA expression levels of nm23-H1 in the metastatic tissues were not significantly different from those in normal colon mucosa. Thus, although nm23-H1 might be involved in metastasis suppression of certain tumour types, in colorectal tumour progression its role remains to be determined.     

uPA、uPAR、nm23-H1在大肠癌中的表达及其与肿瘤侵袭和转移的关系

 目的探讨尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂(uPA)、尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂受体(uPAR)和nm23H1基因蛋白在大肠癌中的表达及其与肿瘤侵袭和淋巴结转移的关系。方法应用免疫组化SABC法,对121例大肠癌手术根治标本进行uPA、uPAR和nm23H1基因蛋白测定。结果uPA、uPAR和nm23H1阳性表达率分别为62%、74%和48%。uPA和uPAR高表达与大肠癌侵袭和淋巴结转移关系密切(P<0.05)。nm23H1基因蛋白的低表达与大肠癌分化程度和淋巴结转移密切相关(P<0.05)。大肠癌中uPA和nm23H1蛋白表达呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论uPA、uPAR和nm23H1基因蛋白表达与大肠癌侵袭和转移有显著相关性;同时检测uPA和nm23H1表达状况,可作为预测大肠癌淋巴结转移及预后的有用指标。     

转移抑制基因nm23—H1蛋白表达与结直肠癌的关系

目的：研究转移抑制基因nm23-H1蛋白表达与结直肠癌生物学行为的关系,探讨nm23-H1基因表达在结直肠癌发生发展中的作用。方法：采用免疫组化技术,对46例结直肠癌组织中nm23-H1基因的表达状态进行定位观察。结果：结直肠癌nm23-H1基因蛋白阳性表达率为43．5％;nm23-H1基因的表达与结直肠癌的分化程度及肿块大小无显著性差异（P＞0．05）,但与结直肠癌的淋巴结转移,临床分期以及侵犯深度有相关差异（P＜0．05）;随着转移的发生,侵犯深度的增加以及疾病向晚期发展,nm23-H1基因的阳性表达率逐渐下降,直至完全失活。结论：作为肿瘤转移抑制基因,nm23-H1基因在调控癌细胞增殖,抑制癌细胞转移方面起着重要的作用;nm23-H1蛋白可作为临床判断结直肠癌侵袭转移,临床分期和患者预后的指标之一。     

Immunohistochemical detection of nm23-H1/NDP kinase in childhood thyroid carcinoma

Childhood thyroid cancer is known to be aggressive. High incidence of lymph node and distant metastasis are characteristic features of these cases. In adult, reduced expression of nm23-H1/nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) kinase has been correlated with cancer invasion and metastasis in some tumor types. Therefore, we examined the expression of nm23-H1 gene product in childhood thyroid carcinomas in Japan. 27 primary thyroid carcinomas and 8 metastatic lymph nodes were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibody H1-229. 21 out of 23 cases (91%) of papillary carcinomas were positively immunostained, whereas none of the 4 follicular carcinomas showed any immunoreactivity. No correlation was found between the nm23-H1/NDP kinase antigen expression and nodal involvement or distant metastasis in primary tumors. However, only 50% (4 out of 8) of metastatic lymph nodes from papillary carcinoma were positively stained, demonstrating a significant decrease comparing to those of primary sites. These data indicate that the expression of nm23-H1/NDP kinase cannot predict tumor metastatic potential in childhood thyroid cancer.     

Allelic losses associated with the metastatic potential of colorectal-carcinoma

The aim of this study was to define the association of allelic losses with the metastatic potential of colorectal carcinoma and to determine whether allelic losses can be genetic markers for the prognosis of patients with colorectal carcinoma. Eighty primary colorectal tumors and 31 liver metastases from 95 patients were examined for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the APC, p53, RB, DCC and chromosome 14q loci by using polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism analysis and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The incidence of LOH at the DCC and RB loci and on chromosome 14q in liver metastases was significantly higher than that in primary tumors. DCC and RB alterations were detected more frequently in primary tumors with higher metastatic potential. Although no statistically significant association was found between these losses and survival or distant metastasis, patients with DCC losses showed poorer survival by multivariate analysis (p=0.056). Thus, inactivation of the DCC and RB genes and gene(s) on chromosome 14q seem to be critical genetic events for the acquisition of metastatic potential in colorectal carcinoma. However, further studies will be required to utilize these genetic alterations as valuable prognostic markers.     

结直肠癌组织缺陷基因的杂合性缺失及其意义

目的:探讨结直肠癌组织缺陷基因DCC的缺失与结直肠癌临床病理特征之间的关系。方法:采用聚合酶链反应方法(polymerasechainreaction,PCR)对23例结直肠癌组织新鲜标本DCC基因杂合性缺失(lossofheterozygosity,LOH)进行研究。结果:1)结直肠癌患者标本中18例为杂合子,其中7例存在DCC基因杂合缺失情况;2)其DCC杂合缺失与肿瘤淋巴结转移的情况关系密切,有淋巴结转移的患者DCC的杂合缺失为6例,占所有存在杂合病例数的85.7%。结论:DCC基因的杂合缺失可能对肿瘤的转移起促进作用。     

MMP-2和p53表达在结直肠癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨人结直肠癌组织中基质金属蛋白酶-2（MMP-2）和p53表达与其临床病理特征的关系。方法采用免疫组化EliVisionTM plus法,检测40例结直肠癌、20例结直肠腺瘤和20例正常结直肠组织中MMP-2和p53蛋白表达水平。结果40例结直肠癌组织中MMP-2和p53阳性表达率分别为80．0％（32／40）和82．5％（33／40）,明显高于正常结直肠组织、结直肠腺瘤组织中的阳性率（均为0、30．0％）。MMP-2和p53在结直肠癌中的表达与患者年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、肿瘤发生部位均无相关性（P〉0．05）,与组织学分化程度呈负相关,分化程度越差,蛋白阳性表达率越高,有淋巴结转移组蛋白阳性表达率明显高于无淋巴结转移组（P〈0．05）,与TNM分期呈正相关（P〈0．05）。MMP-2表达与肿瘤浸润深度有关（P〈0．05）,有远处转移组MMP-2蛋白阳性表达率明显高于无远处转移组（P〈0．05）,p53表达与肿瘤浸润深度以及远处转移均无相关性（P〉0．05）。结直肠癌组织中MMP-2表达与p53蛋白表达呈正相关（γs’=0．3742,P=0．0069）。结论MMP-2表达与结直肠癌淋巴结侵袭转移有关,p53基因突变后MMP-2表达增强。联合检测MMP-2和p53在结直肠癌中的表达对评估结直肠癌病情有一定意义。