无水酒精注射联合射频消融治疗射频消融困难部位的肝癌

目的：探讨无水酒精注射联合射频消融治疗射频消融困难部位肝癌的疗效。方法：回顾性分析靠近结肠、胆囊、大中血管、膈肌等存在射频困难区肝癌患者31例,在采用射频治疗后残余病灶行无水酒精补充治疗,评价病灶坏死率及术后并发症。结果：31例患者的47个病灶当中共有33个病灶位于射频困难部位,肿瘤完全坏死率为72.7%（24/33）。无腹腔内出血,胆囊穿孔,结肠穿孔等严重并发症出现。结论：射频困难部位的肝癌病灶采用射频补充无水酒精注射治疗效果良好,未见严重的射频或酒精注射相关并发症发生,可在肝癌的综合治疗中推广应用。     

肝癌射频消融联合无水酒精注射治疗后急性肾功能衰竭的防治

目的:探讨肝癌射频消融联合无水酒精注射治疗后并发急性肾功能衰竭的防治措施.方法:回顾性分析我院2002年8月至2005年5月射频消融联合无水酒精注射治疗29例肝癌中2例并发急性肾功能衰竭的临床资料.结果:有2例患者分别于术后第21天及第25天出现急性肾功能衰竭,经治疗后1例死亡,1例好转.结论:射频消融联合无水酒精注射治疗肝癌,一次性消融的组织太多有可能会并发致命性急性肾功能衰竭.其发生原因的可能与原有慢性肾损害、肝功能损害、肝肿瘤较大治疗后广泛坏死、坏死物质吸收、继发感染、血压降至太低有关.     

肝癌射频消融联合无水酒精注射治疗后急性肾功能衰竭的防治

目的：探讨肝癌射频消融联合无水酒精注射治疗后并发急性肾功能衰竭的防治措施。方法：回顾性分析我院2002年8月至2005年5月射频消融联合无水酒精注射治疗29例肝癌中2例并发急性肾功能衰竭的临床资料。结果：有2例患者分别于术后第21天及第25天出现急性肾功能衰竭，经治疗后1例死亡，1例好转。结论：射频消融联合无水酒精注射治疗肝癌，一次性消融的组织太多有可能会并发致命性急性肾功能衰竭。其发生原因的可能与原有慢性肾损害、肝功能损害、肝肿瘤较大治疗后广泛坏死、坏死物质吸收、继发感染、血压降至太低有关。     

经皮射频联合瘤内无水酒精注射治疗肝癌

目的：总结经皮肝穿射频毁损联合瘤内无水酒精注射术治疗肝癌的效果和经验。方法：经皮射频毁损与瘤内无水酒精注射术交替治疗不宜手术切除的肝癌68例。结果：随访5－15个月,经皮射频毁损与瘤内无水酒精注射术联合治疗的31例原发性单个小肝癌（≤5cm),甲胎蛋白阳性14例,术后降至正常11例,影像学疑复发2例;9例转移性肝癌（≤5cm)仅作单纯的经皮射频治疗,治疗后1例复发;28例大肝癌（＞5cm)病人全部首先行经皮肝动脉栓塞化疗,然后再作经皮肝穿射频毁损与瘤内无水酒精注射联合治疗,其中甲胎蛋白阳性15例,术后降至正常7例,下降但未降至正常5例,无下降或上升3例;影像学随访显示病灶好转或稳定21例,病情进展7例。联合治疗副作用不大,未见严重并发症。结论：经皮射频联合瘤内无水酒精注射适合对小肝癌的治疗或经皮肝动脉栓塞化疗后大肝癌的补充治疗,两者联合治疗可望提高癌局部治疗的效果。     

超声造影在肝癌消融治疗中的应用价值

目的探讨超声造影在肝癌消融治疗中的应用价值.方法对60例肝癌患者进行了超声造影、增强CT/MR和/或病理检查.其中35例进行射频消融治疗,8例行氩氦刀消融治疗,17例采取无水酒精量化治疗.结果超声造影诊断肝癌的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为96.9%、95.1%和96.2%.射频消融20分钟和一个月后超声造影分别发现4例和2例患者动脉相早期病灶有部分强化.氩氦刀消融一个月后2例患者见到动脉相早期病灶内有强化.结论超声造影有助于肝肿瘤消融治疗适应症的选择,确定消融范围,是评价消融疗效的一种有效方法,且能明确残存部位,引导补充治疗.     

射频凝固电极在肝癌切除或消融治疗中的应用

目的评价射频凝固电极消融技术在肝切除术中应用的可行性、安全性及疗效。方法采用射频凝固电极射频消融技术进行肝癌切除手术共16例,其中腹腔镜下射频消融后肝切除术9例,腔镜下射频消融6例（共13个瘤体,平均最大肿瘤直径3．0-4-1．0em）,小切口腹腔镜辅助右肝V、Ⅷ段肝癌切除1例。观察术后并发症情况,肿瘤复发情况。结果16例均顺利完成肝癌切除或消融治疗。未出现严重并发症。肝癌消融灶完全坏死率为92．3％。随访8～20个月（平均14个月）,于术后3、6个月各发现1例肝脏出现新病灶,1例消融部位肿瘤残留。肝癌切除患者未出现新病灶。死亡1例。结论腹腔镜下手术或开腹术中射频凝固电极消融技术在肝癌切除或消融治疗中应用安全可行,效果好。选择远离肝门区肿瘤进行治疗时效果更佳。     

肝癌射频消融研究进展

对于早期小肝癌,射频消融(RFA)的效果堪与手术相媲美,而优于无水酒精注射和介入栓塞化疗;对于伴肝硬化的肝癌患者,RFA为一种安全有效的治疗选择.RFA如何与其他治疗方法联合以提高疗效仍有待于进一步研究.     

射频消融联合TACE治疗肝癌肾上腺转移

目的 探讨射频消融联合TACE治疗肝癌肾上腺转移的可行性、治疗效果及并发症。方法 回顾分析2006年7月—2010年3月,13例在我院行经射频消融联合TACE治疗的肝癌肾上腺转移患者,所有患者均经病理证实,其中2例为胆管细胞癌,10例为肝细胞癌,1例为混合细胞癌,均先行肝及肾上腺病灶的TACE术,其后8~18日行肾上腺肿瘤射频消融术。术后增强CT或MR复查病灶。结果 在治疗过程中患者耐受良好,无严重并发症发生,13例病例中有9例即70%(9/13)的患者病灶完全坏死,2例即15%(2/13)的患者病灶进展。病灶小于5 cm的患者8例中,7例即87%(7/8)的患者病灶完全坏死。并发症情况如下:1例患者发生术中高血压(220/115 mmHg),1例右肾上腺转移瘤的患者临近病灶的肝脏部分被消融,1例出现少量血气胸。结论 射频消融联合TACE治疗肝癌肾上腺转移瘤,是较为有效的治疗方法,安全性及患者的耐受情况良好,明显减少射频消融术后出血,消融范围充分、明确。     

经皮消融治疗早期肝癌的临床进展

1983年日本学者杉甫信之率先采用超声引导经皮穿刺酒精注射治疗肝癌,开拓了肝癌消融治疗序幕.20多年来,化学消融(无水酒精、醋酸)、热消融(射频消融、微波消融、激光消融、高强度聚焦超声)和冷冻消融等各种消融治疗措施相继出现,丰富了肝癌的综合治疗手段,对于改善肝癌患者的生存质量、提高生存率起到了重要作用.     

多针双电极射频适形消融治疗肝癌16例报告

目的 探讨多针双电极射频适形消融治疗肝癌的原理和近期疗效。方法 采用多针双电极射频消融肝肿瘤16例,全部采用超声引导下经皮穿剌,单纯射频消融治疗15例,射频消融联合瘤内无水酒精注射术治疗1例。结果 全组有12例患者治疗1次后影像学检查见肿瘤完全消融,4例首次射频治疗后1个月影像学检查见肿瘤消融不完全,2例再次行射频消融后肿瘤完全消融。甲胎蛋白阳性者6例治疗后全部转为阴性。结论 多针双电极射频不仅能增大消融范围,而且可以根据肿瘤形态适形消融肿瘤,是1种新的有效射频消融技术。     

Radiofrequency ablation and percutaneous ethanol injection in patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma: a comparative study

BACKGROUND: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a novel thermal ablation technique to achieve coagulative necrosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. A study was conducted to compare the antitumor effect and adverse effect of RFA with those of percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) in patients with solitary small hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS: The study population consisted of 119 consecutive patients with solitary hepatocellular carcinoma smaller than 3 cm in diameter. Among these, 23 patients were treated with RFA and the remaining 96 patients were treated with PEI. The antitumor effects of both treatments were assessed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography 1 month after treatment. RESULTS: Complete tumor necrosis was achieved in 23 patients (100%) of the RFA group and 90 patients (94%) of the PEI group (p = 0.48) and local recurrence rates at 1 year were 15% in the RFA group and 14% in the PEI group (p = 0.80). RFA required an average of 1.5 sessions to achieve complete necrosis, whereas PEI required an average of 4.0 sessions. As a consequence, the hospital stay in the RFA group (median 10 days) was significantly shorter than that in the PEI group (median 17 days). There were no serious adverse effects or complications except for one case of cholangitis in the PEI group, although deterioration of serum transaminase after RFA was significantly more severe than that after PEI. CONCLUSION: RFA achieved complete tumor necrosis for small hepatocellular carcinoma with fewer treatment sessions compared with PEI. There were no serious complications.     

不宜切除小肝癌射频与射频联合全身化疗的随机对照初步研究

目的 研究射频联合化疗治疗不宜切除小肝癌的临床安全性以及对肝癌原位复发率的影响。方法 ≤3cm不宜切除的原发性肝癌患者38例,其中27例1年随访资料完整。根据射频与射频联合全身化疗的随机分组方案入选标准,射频组12例,射频联合全身化疗组15例。在超声引导下行多电极射频治疗。化疗方案为：表阿霉素50mg,d1,3,静推;顺铂40mg,d1,3,静滴;氟脲嘧啶500mg,d1,2,3,静滴。观察患者术后1,4,7d的肝功能、血常规和并发症,术后1,6,12个月复查GT(增强),评价两组患者治疗的安全性及原位复发率。结果 两组射频术后1个月,均无原位复发。射频联合全身化疗组6,12个月的原位复发率较单射频组明显下降,差异有显著性。两组均无严重并发症,肝功能、血常规变化差异无显著性。结论 对≤3cm不宜切除的原发性肝癌患者,射频联合全身化疗是安全的,并能降低肝癌原位复发率。     

Combined use of percutaneous ethanol injection and radiofrequency ablation for the effective treatment of hepatocelluar carcinoma

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) therapy are currently used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of combination therapy of PEI and RFA (PEI-RFA). Seventy-three patients with biopsy-proven HCC and liver cirrhosis underwent RFA after a bolus injection of ethanol into HCC. The volume of coagulated necrosis in the liver caused by PEI-RFA was estimated and compared with that by RFA alone. Coagulated necrosis areas in the liver of patients treated with PEI-RFA were significantly larger than those of patients treated with RFA alone. In PEI-RFA group, the volume of coagulated necrosis was significantly correlated with the amounts of ethanol injected into HCC. No major complications were observed during and after the PEI-RFA treatment. These results indicate that PEI-RFA is more effective than RFA alone and can make dramatic improvement of therapeutic effects in RFA therapy for HCC with fewer sessions of treatments. Therefore, PEI-RFA is considered to be a practical and promising option and may open up new avenues for the treatment of HCC.     

Transarterial Chemoembolization Monotherapy in Combination with Radiofrequency Ablation or Percutaneous Ethanol Injection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Purpose: To evaluate whether combined transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) or percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have superior efficacy to transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) alone a retrospective review was conducted. Methods: During January 2009 to March 2013, 108 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma underwent TACE or combined therapies (TACERFA or TACEPEI). The long-term survival rates were evaluated in those patients by various statistical analyses. Results: The cumulative survival rates in the combined TACERFA/PEI group were significantly superior to those in the TACE alone group. When the comparison among the groups was restricted to patients with two or three tumors fulfilling the Milan criteria, significantly greater prolongation of survival was observed in the combined TACE RFA/PEI group than in the RFA/PEI alone group. Conclusions: In terms of the effect on the survival period, combined TACE RFA/PEI therapy was more effective than TACE monotherapy, and also more effective than PEI or RFA monotherapy in cases with multiple tumors.     

射频消融术加肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗原发性肝癌

目的探讨超声导向射频消融术(RFA)联合肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)治疗原发性肝癌的治疗效果。方法应用超声引导下对80例原发性肝癌患者进行RFA联合TACE(治疗组)和对70例肝癌患者进行射频消融术,比较观察该法治疗组与单纯射频消融治疗组治疗前、后肿瘤大小、血供变化及临床疗效。结果该法治疗组与单纯射频消融治疗组术后肿瘤血供消失和减少率分别为95%、70%;3个月复查彩超肿瘤缩小25%以上者分别为90%、85.7%。结论射频消融联合肝动脉化疗栓塞术是一种有效治疗肝癌的新方法。同时,彩超为实时观察肝癌血供状态,声像图变化提供重要依据,在指导治疗和判定疗效方面有重要意义。     

肝动脉栓塞化疗后射频消融联合酒精消融对原发性肝癌的疗效评价

目的　探讨肝动脉栓塞化疗(TACE)后,CT导向下射频消融(RFA)联合无水乙醇消融(PEI)对原发性肝癌(HCC)的治疗效果。方法　经病理、AFP或典型影像学诊断证实的HCC 1 5 0例,每例肝内的病灶数目<3个,病灶大小3.1～7.9cm ,平均直径5 .5cm。全部患者按就诊单双日分为对照组和联合组。对照组74例,TACE后2周行单纯RFA ;联合组76例,TACE后2周行射频消融,间隔2 0～30d后再行PEI。结果　对照组的完全坏死率为75 .8%,联合组为89.5 %,两组间差异有统计学意义(P <0 .0 5 )。结论　HCC患者经TACE后,行CT导向下RFA联合PEI的疗效明显优于单纯RFA。     

Radiofrequency ablation combined with percutaneous ethanol injection for hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) are important treatments for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are not eligible for resection and liver transplantation. Therefore, it is important to establish comparisons between RFA, PEI and the two therapies in combination.

Aims: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of combined RFA-PEI versus monotherapy with either RFA or PEI for HCC to provide references for clinical practice and further research.

Methods: We searched all eligible studies published before September 2015 in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Chinese databases, such as CBM, CNKI, VIP and WanFang and also retrieved papers from other sources. All relevant controlled trials were collected. Meta-analyses were performed using RevMan version 5.3 software (The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark).

Results: Thirteen trials with 1621 patients were identified. Compared with PEI, RFA was associated with significant improvement in overall survival (OS) rate at 1, 2, 3 and 4 years, cancer-free survival (CFS) rate at 1, 2 and 3 years and complete tumour necrosis. RFA was associated with a significant reduction in the local recurrence rate at 1, 2 and 3 years. However, RFA was also associated with a higher total risk of complications. Compared with RFA alone, combined RFA-PEI was associated with a significant improvement in the OS rate at 1.5, 2 and 3 years and a significant reduction in the local recurrence rate. However, combined RFA-PEI was also associated with a higher risk of fever.

Conclusion: The combination of RFA and PEI appears to be the optimal treatment strategy when considering combined RFA-PEI or either RFA or PEI alone. Combined RFA-PEI significantly improves OS and reduces the risk of local recurrence without increasing major complications. Further large-scale studies are needed to assess economic outcomes and quality of life.     

Radiofrequency ablation and percutaneous ethanol injection in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma--a comparative study using Japan Integrated Staging Score (JIS score) system

The patients were classified according to the Japan Integrated Staging (JIS) score and a comparison examination of the long-term therapeutic response of 149 unresectable hepatocellular carcinomas: 90 of them given percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI), and 59 of them given radiofrequency ablation (RFA) who were diagnosed with 3 cm or less in diameters of tumor and less than three nodules, or 5 cm or less single nodule, was carried out in retrospective. To all the tumors exceeding 3 cm in diameter, we added transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) prior to PEI or RFA. Ninety four percent of PEI cases and 25% of RFA cases received a combination therapy with TAE, respectively. The three-year survivals were 86%, 76%, and 56% in PEI and 96%, 83%, and 68% in RFA for JIS-0, 1, and 2, respectively. The five-year survivals were 69% and 53% in PEI and 95% and 83% in RFA for JIS-0 and 1, respectively. The significant difference in the probability of survival was not confirmed among both treatments. We conclude that the combination therapy, such as combined use of TAE, PEI and RFA as local treatment, can expect almost equivalent effectiveness for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.     

射频消融联合动脉栓塞治疗肝脏巨大血管瘤的疗效分析(英文)

目的:对射频消融(RFA)联合动脉栓塞(TAE)治疗巨大肝血管瘤的疗效进行回顾性分析。方法:对2004年至2008年应用RFA联合TAE模式治疗的27例巨大肝血管瘤患者进行回顾性分析,共纳入31个瘤体,直径6cm-18.5cm。所有患者首先给予TAE治疗(一次或多次),在包块明显缩小后,进而给予RFA治疗。随访时间为12-64月(最后一次RFA治疗后,中位时间38个月)。所有患者均根据增强CT结果评价疗效。结果:本组患者无严重并发症以及死亡发生。RFA治疗3个月后,21例患者的症状减轻或消失(77.8%)。并且第一次增强CT示瘤体明显缩小,其中完全坏死率为71.0%(22/31)。对于9个提示血流存在的病灶,再次行RFA治疗。至随访结束,10/31(32.3%)已回缩瘤体显示增强信号,其中5个瘤体直径增大。结论:TAE+RFA是治疗巨大肝血管瘤的一种安全有效的模式。