血清透明质酸在肝硬变诊断中的临床价值

以放射免疫法检测70例病人和46倒正常健康成人的血清透明质酸(HA)。病人分为慢性肝炎组(包括慢迁肝、慢活肝)、肝硬化组、急肝组和非肝病组。除慢迁肝和内科其他病外,各组HA与正常对照组(36.42±13.79μg/L)差异显著(P<0.05)。尤其是慢活肝和肝硬化,其均值分别为411.82±222.56μg/L和477.39±201.9μg/L;肝病均值呈慢迁肝→慢活肝→肝硬化阶梯上升。以血清HA≥250μg/L(风湿病的(?)±s的近似值)作为肝硬变的预测指标,优于常规的肝功检查。     

血清Ⅲ型前胶原及Ⅳ型胶原在原发性肝癌中的临床意义

目的探讨患者血清PCⅢ及Ⅳ-C升高在肝硬化及原发性肝癌诊断中的意义。方法用免疫放射的方法检测76例肝硬化及43例原发性肝癌患者血清的PCⅢ及Ⅳ-C。结果肝硬化组血清PCⅢ126.09(±46.36)μg/L;Ⅳ-C61.09(±28.50)μg/L。与对照组相比P<0.001。单纯型原发性肝癌PCⅢ128.67(±38.25)μg/L；Ⅳ-C69.47(±24.61)μg/L，与对照组相比P<0.001。硬化型原发性肝癌PCⅢ146.4(±45.88)μg/L;Ⅳ-C107.50(±73.39)与对照组相比P<0.001。结论肝硬化及原发性肝癌PCⅢ、Ⅳ-C在患者血清中升高。这两个指标分别与AFP联用诊断原发必肝癌，其敏感性优于单用AFP，但特异性较差。     

血清碱性谷胱苷肽S转移酶测定在肝病中的意义

用酶标法对80例各类肝病患者进行血清谷胱苷肽 S 转移酶检测。结果:正常受试者4.68±2.49μg/L;急性肝炎11.45±6.76μg/L(P<0.01)和慢性肝炎8.57±5.05μg/L(P<0.05)均明显升高;肝炎后肝硬化4.75±4.34μg/L(P>0.05)和原发性肝癌4.43±3.21μg/L(P>0.05)无明显异常;十二指肠球部溃疡、胃癌和胰腺癌分别为4.41±3.05μg/L、4.28±1.84μg/L 和4.23±2.47μg/L(P>0.05)。提示:血清 GST—c是诊断肝脏炎性病变敏感和特异性较高的指标。     

HBsAg阳性肝病患者检测AFP的临床意义及其相关分析

应用火箭电泳法检测 2 2 7例HBsAg阳性肝病患者的血清甲胎球蛋白 (AFP)水平 ,并与血清谷丙酸转氨酶 (ALT) ,天门冬氨酸转移酶 (AST)和碱性磷酸酶 (ALP)进行对比分析。结果表明 ,AFP异常率 ,慢性肝炎 (慢迁肝 ) <急性肝炎 <慢性活动性肝炎 (慢活肝 ) <肝硬化 <重症肝炎 <原发性肝癌 ,AFP异常值 ;慢迁肝 <急性肝炎 <重症肝炎 <慢活肝 <肝硬化 <原发性肝癌 ,原发性肝癌AFP升高多>40 0 μg/μL ,其AST多异常且增高比ALT明显 ,慢活肝肝硬化AFP增高在 1 5 0 μg/μL～ 30 0 μg/μL ,ALT、AST异常较原发性肝癌明显 ;ALP增高在原发性肝癌为 71 % ,且幅度较大 ,其余呈不同程度、不同比例增高 ,慢迁肝则均正常。提示原发性肝癌与AFP升高幅度呈正相关 ,急性肝炎和重症肝炎AFP为一过性升高 ,慢活肝和肝硬化为原发性肝癌高危人群     

乙型肝炎及其相关性肝病患者血清sICAM-1测定及其临床意义

目的 探讨可溶性细胞问粘附分子-1(slCAM-1)在慢性乙型肝炎(简称乙肝)、乙肝肝硬化及原发性肝癌患者血清中的表达及其意义.方法 选择慢性乙肝及其相关性肝病患者225例为研究对象,按照不同临床类型分为5组自然痊愈组(66例)、无症状HBV携带组[22例)、慢性乙肝组(65例)、乙肝肝硬化组(失代偿或代偿肝硬化)(28例)和原发性肝癌组(51例);另选24名健康体检者作为正常对照组,利用ELISA法对5组患者及对照组血清slCAM-1水平进行测定.结果 慢性乙肝组血清中slCAM-1水平(910 ±210)μg/L,明显高于正常对照组(567 ±107)μg/L(t=4.172,P＜0.01)原发性肝癌组血清中slCAM-1水平(1 179 ±541)μ g/L,明显高于慢性乙肝组(t=3.208,P＜0.01 );乙肝肝硬化组血清中slCAM-1水平(1906 ±682)μ g/L,明显高于原发性肝癌组(t=4.084,P＜0.01).自然痊愈组血清slCAM-1水平(594±348)μg/L及无症状携带组血清slCAM-1水平(570±侣1)μg/L与正常对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 慢性乙肝及乙肝相关性肝病患者slCAM-1的表达均升高,这可作为临床乙肝活动和乙肝相关性肝病损害的指标.     

乙型肝炎及其相关性肝病患者血清slCAM-1测定及其临床意义

目的 探讨可溶性细胞问粘附分子-1(slCAM-1)在慢性乙型肝炎(简称乙肝)、乙肝肝硬化及原发性肝癌患者血清中的表达及其意义.方法 选择慢性乙肝及其相关性肝病患者225例为研究对象,按照不同临床类型分为5组:自然痊愈组(66例)、无症状HBV携带组[22例)、慢性乙肝组(65例)、乙肝肝硬化组(失代偿或代偿肝硬化)(28例)和原发性肝癌组(51例);另选24名健康体检者作为正常对照组,利用ELISA法对5组患者及对照组血清slCAM-1水平进行测定.结果 慢性乙肝组血清中slCAM-1水平(910 ±210)μg/L,明显高于正常对照组(567 ±107)μg/L(t=4.172,P＜0.01):原发性肝癌组血清中slCAM-1水平(1 179 ±541)μ g/L,明显高于慢性乙肝组(t=3.208,P＜0.01 );乙肝肝硬化组血清中slCAM-1水平(1906 ±682)μ g/L,明显高于原发性肝癌组(t=4.084,P＜0.01).自然痊愈组血清slCAM-1水平(594±348)μg/L及无症状携带组血清slCAM-1水平(570±侣1)μg/L与正常对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 慢性乙肝及乙肝相关性肝病患者slCAM-1的表达均升高,这可作为临床乙肝活动和乙肝相关性肝病损害的指标.     

血清白介素-6在诊断肝细胞肝癌中的临床价值研究

目的:探索血清白介素-6(IL-6)在原发性肝细胞肝癌(HCC)诊断中的临床价值。方法:采用酶联免疫法(ELISA法)和电化学发光法分别测定30例原发性肝细胞肝癌患者、30例肝良性疾病患者血清白介素-6和甲胎蛋白(AFP)水平,并与30例正常对照组进行比较。结果:原发性肝细胞肝癌组患者血清IL-6水平(25.99±18.57 ng/L)及AFP水平(441.40±351.75μg/L)明显高于肝良性病组IL-6(9.09±7.44 ng/L)及AFP水平(86.86±58.64μg/L)和正常对照组IL-6(1.43±1.00 ng/L)及AFP水平(7.92±4.88μg/L),差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。血清IL-6诊断原发性肝细胞肝癌的敏感性、特异性分别为83%、81%,而AFP的敏感性和特异性分别为63%、98%。二者联合检测时的敏感性、特异性则分别为90%,82%。结论:血清IL-6在原发性肝细胞肝癌的检测中敏感性明显高于AFP。若两项指标联合检测,可显著提高原发性肝细胞肝癌阳性检出率,有助于防止原发性肝细胞肝癌的漏诊。     

原发性肝癌患者血清sFas的检测及其意义

目的 :检测原发性肝癌患者血清可溶性 Fas(s Fas)的水平 ,并探讨其临床意义。方法 :采用生物素 -亲和素酶联免疫吸附试验 (Biotin- avidin enzyme- linked imm unosorbent assay,BA - EL ISA)检测来自广西的 2 7例原发性肝癌患者和 2 8例正常人血清的 s Fas。结果 :原发性肝癌组血清 s Fas水平为 (3.6 73± 1 .2 98)μg/ L ,高于正常对照组的 (2 .1 4 7± 0 .5 2 3)μg/ L (P <0 .0 5 )。肝癌患者 AFP阳性组、AFP阴性组与正常对照组血清 s Fas分别为 (3.6 5 7± 1 .0 99)μg/ L、(3.6 90± 1 .5 31 )μg/ L和 (2 .1 4 7±0 .5 2 3)μg/ L ,其中肝癌患者 AFP阳性组、AFP阴性组分别高于正常组 (P <0 .0 1 )。结论 :血清 s Fas水平增高 ,可能可作为原发性肝癌尤其是 AFP阴性的肝癌患者的诊断指标之一。     

银屑病患者血清透明质酸及层粘连蛋白测定

采用放射免疫分析法检测了35例银屑病患者血清中透明质酸(HA)与层粘连蛋白(LN)的含量。结果发现,银屑病患者血清HA水平(75.26±17.12μg/L)明显高于正常人(47.85±4.8μg/L)。LN水平(90.79±17.5μg/L)亦明显高于正常人(79.11±14.40μg/L),均具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。且HA与LN之间呈显著正相关,r=0.76;P<0.01。提示HA与LN在银屑病的发病过程中起重要作用。     

联合检测AFP、SCCA与APT在原发性肝细胞癌诊断中的价值

目的探讨甲胎蛋白(AFP)、鳞状细胞癌抗原(SCCA)、异常凝血酶原(APT)检测对原发性肝细胞肝癌(PHCC)诊断的临床意义。方法应用电化学发光法(ECLIA)检测AFP、SCCA、APT肝细胞癌37例,肝硬化40例,正常组41例。结果 PHCC患者血清AFP[(485.31±425.43)μg/L]、SCCA[(175.37±57.45)μg/L]、APT[(987.58±456.23)μg/L]的水平明显高于正常对照组AFP[(13.87±6.75)μg/L]、SCCA[(87.70±41.21)μg/L]、APT[(14.28±5.27)μg/L]及肝硬化组AFP[(80.62±34.98)μg/L]、SCCA[(105.89±37.97)μg/L]、APT[(250.56±102.54)μg/L](P均<0.01),AFP、SCCA、APT联合检测,敏感度可高达91.87%,特异度为85.00%。结论 AFP、SCCA、APT联合检测可提高原发性肝细胞癌的阳性诊断率,对诊断原发性肝细胞癌具有重要临床意义。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.