电针胃经穴对应激大鼠血清胃黏膜细胞表皮生长因子受体表达的作用

目的 研究电针应激性胃溃疡大鼠胃经穴后血清对胃黏膜细胞表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)表达的影响.方法 采用水浸束缚法制作应激性胃溃疡大鼠模型,52只大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、模型血清组、胃经血清组和胆经血清组,利用链霉蛋白酶消化法分离大鼠胃黏膜细胞,用100ml/L血清孵育,采用免疫细胞化学法和逆转录聚合酶链反应法检测胃黏膜细胞EGFR的表达水平.结果 胃经血清组和胆经血清组[其吸光度比分别为(1.2272±0.0813)%;(0.9640±0.0387)%]大鼠胃黏膜细胞EGFR呈现较强表达,与空白组、模型组和模型血清组[其吸光度比分别为(0.6860±0.0594)%;(0.7104±0.0457)%;(0.8516±0.0409)%]比较差异有显著性(P＜0.01),其中胃经血清组大鼠胃黏膜细胞EGFR表达最为强烈,与胆经血清组比较差异有显著性(P＜0.01).结论 电针应激性胃溃疡大鼠胃经穴后的血清能明显上调大鼠胃黏膜细胞EGFR的表达,并且存在经脉-脏腑的特异性联系.     

电针胃经穴的大鼠血清对胃黏膜细胞EGFR阻断后C—myc的影响

目的:探讨电针胃经穴的大鼠血清对胃黏膜细胞EGFR阻断后c-myc基因的影响.方法:72只大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、胃经组、胆经组、胃经+PD153035组和胆经+PD153035组,链霉蛋白酶消化法分离胃黏膜细胞,分别用表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)抑制剂PD153035和100 ml/L血清孵育胃黏膜细胞,RT-PCR法检测c-myc基因的表达水平.结果:胃经组和胆经组胃黏膜细胞Ec-myc基因的表达水平明显升高,与正常组、模型组比较均有非常显著性差异(P(0.01);胃经组胃黏膜细胞c-myc基因的表达水平升高最为明显,与胆经组比较有非常显著性差异(P<0.01);当用PD153035阻断EGFR后,胃经+PD153035组胃黏膜细胞c-myc基因的表达水平明显降低,与胃经组比较有非常显著性差异(P<0.01).结论:电针胃经穴的 大鼠血清能上调胃黏膜细胞c-myc基因的表达水平,并且存在经脉.脏腑的特异性联系.     

电针大鼠胃经穴的血清对胃黏膜细胞表皮生长因子受体后信息物质表达的影响

目的:探讨电针大鼠胃经穴后提取的血清对胃黏膜细胞表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)后信息物质磷脂酶Cγ-1(phospholipase Cγ-1,PLCγ-1)、蛋白激酶C(protein kinase C,PKC)和c-myc表达的影响。方法:60只大鼠随机分为正常组、胃经组、胆经组、胃经 PD153035组和胆经 PD153035组,采用水浸束缚法制作胃黏膜损伤大鼠模型,链霉蛋白酶消化法分离胃黏膜细胞,分别用EGFR抑制剂PD153035和血清孵育胃黏膜细胞,应用酶联免疫吸附法检测PLCγ-1活性,同位素掺入法检测PKC活性,逆转录聚合酶链反应法检测c-myc的表达水平。结果:正常组大鼠胃黏膜细胞PLCγ-1、PKC和c-myc有微弱表达;胃经组和胆经组大鼠胃黏膜细胞PLCγ-1、PKC和c-myc呈现较强表达,其中胃经组大鼠表达最强烈,两组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);胃经 PD153035组和胆经 PD153035组大鼠胃黏膜细胞PLCγ-1、PKC和c-myc的表达较弱,胃经组与胃经 PD153035组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:电针胃经穴后提取的血清能诱导大鼠胃黏膜细胞EGFR后信息物质的活化,提示存在经脉-脏腑的特异性联系。     

电针足阳明足少阳经对应激大鼠胃粘膜EGFR表达的影响

目的:比较电针足阳明胃经(胃经)与足少阳胆经(胆经)对应激大鼠胃粘膜表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)及其基因表达的影响,探讨电针二经对胃粘膜组织保护和治疗作用不同的机制。方法:将35只大鼠随机分为空白组,预处理模型组、胃经组、胆经组,电针模型组、胃经组、胆经组,每组5只。采用水浸束缚法(WRS)造模,电针预处理组别在电针7d后造模,电针治疗组则先造模后电针7d。实验结束后取材,采用免疫组化和反转录聚合酶链式反应(reverse transcrip tion-polymerase chain reation,RT-PCR)方法检测胃粘膜EGFR及其基因(EGFRmRNA)表达,观察电针预处理对胃粘膜的保护作用,观察电针治疗对胃粘膜的修复作用。结果:电针胃经预处理组、电针胆经预处理组与预处理模型组EGFR／EGFRmRNA表达无显著性差异(P>0．05),但有提高胃粘膜中的EGFR／EGFRmRNA的趋势;电针胆经治疗组较电针治疗模型组胃粘膜EGFR／EGFRmRyNA表达高,但无统计学差异(P>0．05),而电针胃经治疗组较电针模型组胃粘膜EGFR／EGFRmRNA表达极显著升高(P<0．01)。结论:电针二经对胃粘膜损伤的有预防保护和治疗作用,其作用与表皮生长因子受体／基因表达差异有关,该差异可能是其对胃粘膜损伤产生不同程度影响的内在机制之一。     

电针对应激大鼠胃黏膜肠三叶因子表达及形态学的影响

目的探讨电针足阳明足少阳经(()对应激大鼠胃黏膜组织形态学及肠三叶因子(intestinaltrefoilfactor,ITF)基因表达的影响。方法将40只大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、胃经组、胆经组。空白组不做任何处理,而模型组捆缚7d后造模,胃经组、胆经组须先捆缚及电针7d后再造模,造模采用水浸束缚10h。经相应处理后即取各组大鼠胃黏膜组织测胃黏膜组织肠三叶因子基因(ITFmRNA)表达,同时检测胃黏膜损伤指数(UI),光镜下观察胃黏膜损伤程度及组织学变化。结果电针胃经组、胆经组与模型组的UI比较明显或极明显降低(P﹤0.05或0.01);电针胃经、胆经组较模型组ITFmRNA表达增高,胃经组较胆经组ITFmRNA表达极显著升高(P﹤0.01),镜下见胃黏膜轻度充血水肿,偶见表层上皮小片状脱落及溃疡形成。结论电针足阳明足少阳经(对胃黏膜保护作用的不同,可能与肠三叶因子基因表达的差异有关。     

采用电针、手针、“绝缘”手针刺激足三里对应激性胃溃疡大鼠胃功能影响的比较研究

目的观察采用电针、手针、绝缘手针3种施针方式刺激足三里对应激性胃溃疡大鼠胃功能影响。方法雄性Wistar大鼠60只,随机分为正常组、应激性胃溃疡模型组,以及电针、手针、绝缘手针治疗组,每组12只,以束缚-水浸方法制备应激性胃溃疡大鼠模型,实验结束后测定各组大鼠胃黏膜一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性和各组大鼠胃溃疡指数;同时测定血清转化生长因子(TGF-)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和诱生型一氧化氮合酶(i NOS)水平。结果 3种针刺方法对应激性胃溃疡大鼠胃功能均具有一定程度的改善,其中以电针改善作用最为明显,绝缘手针的作用最小。结论电针、手针及绝缘手针刺激足三里穴对应激性胃溃疡大鼠胃功能的影响具有差异,且以电针刺激影响最为明显,提示施针时不同强度的电刺激对穴位会产生不同的影响。     

艾灸预处理防治大鼠应激性胃黏膜损伤作用研究

目的:观察通过艾灸预处理后对大鼠应激性胃黏膜损伤的胃组织表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)及胃血清中转化生长因子-ɑ(TGF-α)的表达,借以阐明艾灸预处理对大鼠应激性胃黏膜损伤的保护作用。方法:60只SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、艾灸穴位组、艾灸对照点组、奥美拉唑组,每组12只。各组大鼠按相应因素处理8 d,空白组、模型组、奥美拉唑组仅固定捆绑,艾灸穴位组捆绑后艾灸足三里、中脘穴;艾灸对照点组灸与足三里穴平行,距胫骨内侧5 mm处,中脘穴右外侧1 cm处的非穴位对照点,每日1次,每次20 min,处理结束后,无水乙醇灌胃复制胃黏膜损伤模型,造模成功后,Guth法观察胃损伤指数,激光散斑扫描仪观察胃血流量动态,ELISA法检测胃血清中TGF-α含量,免疫组化法观察胃组织中EGFR的表达。结果:与艾灸对照点组、奥美拉唑比较,艾灸穴位组胃损伤程度较轻,血清中TGF-α含量增加(P0.01),胃组织中EGFR的表达升高(P0.01)。结论:艾灸预处理,能促进大鼠胃血流量的循环,提高胃血清中TGF-α含量与胃组织EGFR的表达,激活了胃黏膜内源性保护物质,增强了胃的防御功能。     

电针足三里穴抗大鼠应激性胃黏膜损伤作用的中枢受体机制探讨

目的探讨电针足三里穴抗大鼠应激性胃黏膜损伤作用及与中枢内受体关系。方法采用束缚-冷方法制备大鼠应激性胃溃疡模型,观察孤束核(NTS)内微量注入不同受体阻断剂,胃溃疡指数(UI)的变化。结果NTS内微量注射α1-受体阻断剂哌唑嗪、M-受体阻断剂阿托品均能削弱电针对大鼠应激性胃黏膜损伤保护作用;给予α2-受体阻断剂育享宾、β-受体阻断剂心得安不影响电针的保护作用。结论电针对大鼠应激性胃黏膜损伤的保护作用部分是通过孤束核内α1、M受体介导的,而与α2、β受体无明显关系。     

大鼠孤束核在电针保护应激性胃黏膜损伤中的作用

目的探讨大鼠孤束核（NTS）在电针（EA）保护应激性胃黏膜损伤中的作用。方法将56只健康雄性SD大白鼠随机分为应激组、EA＋应激组、NTS电损毁组、NTS假损毁组。通过脑立体定向仪电损毁大鼠孤束核,采用束缚-浸水制备大鼠应激性胃溃疡模型,分别检测各组大鼠胃溃疡指数（UI）、胃黏膜血流量（GMBF）、胃液酸度。结果EA＋应激组UI明显减少,GMBF增加,胃酸分泌量减少。与应激组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.01,P〈0.001）。NTS电损毁组UI明显提高,GMBF减少,胃酸分泌量增加。分别与NTS假损毁组和EA＋应激组比较,差异均有显著性（P〈0.05或P〈0.001）。结论孤束核参与了电针足三里穴抗大鼠应激性胃黏膜损伤作用过程。     

艾灸对脾虚胃溃疡模型大鼠MT及HSP 70影响

目的:观察艾灸对脾虚胃溃疡模型大鼠血清金属硫蛋白(MT),胃黏膜组织热休克蛋白70(HSP 70)的影响。方法:将50只健康SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、四君子汤组、艾灸非穴位组和艾灸组,采用大黄法建立大鼠脾虚模型,在此基础上运用无水乙醇灌胃制备脾虚胃溃疡大鼠模型,按Guth法计算胃黏膜损伤指数(UI),光镜下观察大鼠胃黏膜组织学改变,酶联免疫附法(ELISA)检测血清中MT的含量,免疫组化法测胃黏膜细胞HSP 70的表达。结果:艾灸足三里、中脘等穴能使胃黏膜损伤大鼠UI明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),血清MT含量明显升高(P<0.01),胃黏膜组织HSP 70的表达增多(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:艾灸能促进脾虚胃溃疡大鼠胃黏膜损伤的修复,这一作用可能是通过促进内源性保护蛋白MT的含量及HSP 70的表达而实现的。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.