125I粒子植入与射频消融对TACE术后AFP阳性中晚期肝细胞癌干预效果的对比分析

目的对比分析125I粒子植入或射频消融(RFA)对TACE术后甲胎蛋白(AFP)阳性中晚期原发性肝细胞癌(HCC)患者的干预效果。方法回顾性分析79例TACE术后AFP阳性的中晚期原发性HCC患者,其中41例接受125I粒子植入(A组),38例接受RFA(B组)。分别于治疗后1、3、6个月评价治疗效果,并检测血清AFP。结果术后1个月,2组治疗有效率差异无统计学意义(P=0.122);术后3、6个月A组治疗有效率均高于B组(P均<0.05)。A、B组术前及术后1个月血清AFP差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05),术后3、6个月A组AFP均低于B组(P均<0.05)。结论125 I粒子植入治疗TACE术后AFP阳性中晚期HCC临床效果优于RFA,且降低AFP效果更显著。     

经动脉化疗栓塞序贯125I植入治疗中晚期肝癌疗效观察

【摘要】 目的 探讨经动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)序贯125I放射性粒子植入治疗中晚期肝癌的临床疗效。方法 回顾性研究自2011年5月至2012年5月确诊为中晚期原发性肝癌的患者89例,A组45例(单纯TACE术),B组44例(TACE术后7~10天内序贯125I放射性粒子植入),125I放射性粒子植入严格遵从计算机三维治疗计划系统(TPS)的方案进行粒子布源。对比观察两组患者术后2、4个月的CT扫描显示的肿瘤局部控制有效率及术后6、9个月的生存率,两组局部控制率及术后6、9个月生存率比较采用卡方检验。 结果 随访术后第2、4月肿瘤局部控制有效率(CR+PR)A组是24.44%(11/45),17.78%(8/45),B组为54.55%(24/44),47.73%(21/44),P<0.05,两组差异比较具有统计学意义。A组术后6、9个月存活率分别是62.22%(28/45),42.22%(19/45),B组术后6、9个月存活率分别是90.91%(40/44),72.73%(32/44),两组同期P值均小于0.05,两组差异具有统计学意义。结论 经肝动脉化疗栓塞序贯125I放射性粒子植入治疗中晚期原发性肝癌临床疗效确切,提高生存率。     

TACE联合放射性125I粒子植入治疗原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓

目的探讨对原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓患者行TACE联合放射性~(125)I粒子植入治疗的安全性和有效性。方法回顾性分析50例原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓患者,其中22例接受TACE联合放射性~(125)I粒子植入治疗(实验组),28例仅接受TACE治疗(对照组)。采用Kaplan-Meier法评价两组患者远期疗效;观察门静脉再通情况和不良反应。结果实验组和对照组中位生存期分别为8.7个月和6.0个月;两组累积生存率差异有统计学意义(P=0.012)。治疗后实验组与对照组门静脉再通、腹腔积液发生率差异有统计学意义(P均0.05),而恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻、便秘、手足麻木发生率差异无统计学意义(P均0.05)。结论 TACE联合放射性~(125)I粒子植入治疗原发性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓安全可行。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞联合射频消融治疗直径>5cm的原发性肝癌

目的探讨肝动脉化疗栓塞(transarterial chemoembolization,TACE)联合射频消融(radiofrequency ablation,RFA)对于直径5 cm的肝细胞肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)的治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2007年1月~2014年1月30例直径5 cm的HCC患者资料,年龄34~83岁,(58.4±12.7)岁。肝内肿瘤均为单发,直径5~17 cm,(7.0±2.6)cm。肝功能Child-Pugh评分A级19例,B级11例。患者一般状态卡氏功能状态(Karnofsky performance status,KPS)评分70~100分,(88.6±10.3)分。治疗顺序:先行TACE治疗,TACE后适时给予RFA。随访过程中如发现肿瘤局部残存或复发,仍行TACE结合RFA治疗。随访终点事件为患者死亡或随访期结束(2014年1月)。采用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存期分析,并对随访结束时尚存活患者的Child-Pugh评分和KPS评分进行治疗前后的统计学比较。结果经TACE和RFA联合治疗后,30例初始病灶中完全灭活23例(76.7%),未完全灭活7例(23.3%)。随访期内24例(80%)出现肝内新发病灶,6例(20%)未再出现新发病灶。至随访终止,完全缓解(complete remission,CR)9例(30%),部分缓解(partial remission,PR)1例(3.3%),疾病进展(progression of disease,PD)7例(23.3%),死亡13例(43.3%)。存活患者随访期内Child-Pugh评分及KPS评分变化无统计学意义(P0.05)。全组随访时间13~60个月,(34.1±14.1)月。中位生存期48个月(95%CI 34~62个月)。1、3、5年生存率分别为96.7%、69.5%、33.2%。结论本研究进一步证实TACE联合RFA安全有效,可以控制HCC患者肝内病变的进展,改善其生活质量,生存期数据满意。对于直径5 cm的HCC患者,TACE联合RFA是有效的治疗手段之一。     

热灌注TACE、RFA联合125I粒子植入治疗原发性肝癌

目的 探讨热灌注(hyperthermic perfusion)经肝动脉化疗栓塞(transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,TACE)、射频消融(radiofrequency ablation,RFA)联合125I粒子植入治疗原发性肝癌(primary hepatical carcinoma,PHC)的临床应用价值.方法 PHC患者15例,共25个肿瘤灶,病灶大小1~8cm,所有患者均先进行热灌注TACE,然后在CT引导下RFA及125I粒子植入治疗.本组内放疗处方剂量规定为60Gy,随访观察疗效及相关并发症.结果 随访时间6~40个月(平均26.8个月),全组肿瘤完全坏死率为96%,除1例粒子游走外,未出现其他严重并发症.结论 热灌注TACE、RFA联合125I粒子植入治疗PHC,近期疗效明显,可望成为PHC更有效的治疗新模式.     

肝动脉化疗栓塞联合射频消融术治疗中晚期肝癌的疗效

目的评价TACE联合射频消融(RFA)治疗中晚期肝癌的疗效。方法回顾性分析72例中晚期肝癌患者,其中35例行TACE联合RFA治疗(联合组),37例行单纯TACE治疗(对照组)。术后随访,比较两组短期疗效、治疗后肝功能、血清甲胎蛋白、并发症以及远期生存率。结果联合组术后总有效率(29/35,82.86%)明显高于对照组(20/37,54.05%;P=0.009)。联合组和对照组术后血清甲胎蛋白降至(102.19±32.13)μg/L、(218.46±49.87)μg/L(P0.001)。联合组1、2、3年生存率分别82.86%、54.29%、34.29%,中位生存期25个月;对照组分别为54.05%、32.43%、13.51%,中位生存期16个月;两组生存率差异有统计学意义(P=0.009)。联合组及对照组治疗后肝功能均有一过性改变,术后2周基本恢复,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P均0.05)。结论 TACE联合RFA治疗中晚期肝癌是有效的综合介入治疗方法。     

椎体成形术联合~(125)I粒子植入治疗脊椎转移癌的实验研究——骨水泥对粒子射线的影响

目的探讨~(125)I粒子骨水泥(PMMA)包裹后表面放射活度的变化,观察骨水泥对粒子射线的影响,为椎体成形术联合~(125)I粒子植入治疗脊柱转移癌提供实验依据。方法分别制作A、B两组不同厚度骨水泥包裹~(125)I粒子的圆柱体模型,其中A组高2.0 cm、直径2.0 cm,B组高1.0 cm、直径1.0 cm,每组各5个模型。检测粒子包裹前表面总放射活度,骨水泥未凝固前于10个实验模型中心部各植入4枚~(125)I粒子,观察各模型表面放射活度的变化,分析骨水泥对~(125)I粒子射线的影响。结果 A组~(125)I粒子包裹前、包裹后表面放射活度分别为(2.379±0.075)、(0.013±0.001)mCi,B组为(2.388±0.045)、(0.022±0.002)m Ci。两组包裹前表面放射活度相似(P0.05),骨水泥包裹后均明显降低(P0.05),说明两组模型骨水泥对粒子射线均产生阻挡作用,其中A组模型(直径2.0 cm)表面放射活度较B组模型(直径1.0 cm)下降得更快(P0.05),阻挡效应更明显。结论PMMA骨水泥对包裹于其内的~(125)I粒子会产生明显的阻挡效应,这种阻挡效应随着骨水泥厚度的增加而逐渐加强,提示椎体成形术联合~(125)I粒子植入治疗脊柱转移癌过程中,应考虑植入粒子与骨水泥填充区域的位置关系,尽可能降低骨水泥对粒子射线的影响。     

经肝动脉化疗栓塞联合射频消融术对中晚期原发性肝癌的近期疗效分析

目的探讨经肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)联合经皮肝穿刺射频消融术(RFA)治疗中晚期原发性肝癌(PHC)的临床疗效和安全性。方法将125例中晚期PHC患者按治疗方法不同分为TACE组(40例)、RFA组(38例)及TACE+RFA组(47例),观察3组近期疗效和并发症发生情况;采用Kaplan-Meier法计算复发率、生存率及中位生存期,比较采用Log-Rank时序检验。结果 TACE+RFA组总有效率为74.5%,明显高于TACE组的52.5%和RFA组的47.4%(P0.05);TACE+RFA组1、2年复发率分别为17.0%、31.9%,均明显低于TACE组(37.5%、57.5%)和RFA组(42.1%、60.5%)(P0.05);TACE+RFA组1、2年生存率分别为89.4%、70.2%,均明显高于TACE组(70.0%、47.5%)和RFA组(68.4%、44.7%)(P0.05);且TACE+RFA组中位生存期(26个月)明显长于TACE组(21个月)和RFA组(19个月)(P0.05)。结论 TACE联合RFA可有效治疗中晚期PHC,减少术后复发率并提高生存率,延长患者生存期,其疗效优于单纯TACE或单纯RFA治疗。     

射频消融联合小剂量卡培他滨化疗治疗老年大肠癌术后肝转移的临床疗效分析

目的探讨射频消融术(RFA)联合小剂量卡培他滨治疗老年大肠癌术后肝转移的疗效及安全性。方法选择2010年1月至2015年7月收治的46例老年确诊为大肠癌术后肝转移患者,其中25例接受射频消融术联合卡培他滨治疗(联合治疗组),21例仅接受单药卡培他滨化疗(单纯化疗组),每日给药剂量为1 500 mg/m2,分2次口服,连用2周,3周为一周期。分别按照实体瘤的疗效评价标准(RECIST1.1)和三期增强CT评价化疗和RFA近期疗效,随访患者的远期生存情况并记录RFA并发症及化疗不良反应。结果联合治疗组获得完全缓解(CR)13例,部分缓解(PR)5例,稳定(SD)4例,进展(PD)3例,有效率(RR)和疾病控制率(DCR)分别为72.0%和88.0%;单纯化疗组获得CR 0例,PR 6例,SD 7例,PD 8例,RR和DCR分别为28.5%和61.9%。联合治疗组的RR和DCR均高于单纯化疗组,差异有统计学意义(c2=8.627、4.272,P=0.003、0.038);肝内1个病灶的RFA疗效优于2~5个,直径≤3 cm病灶的RFA疗效优于3~6 cm(P0.05)。联合治疗组的1、2、3年生存率依次为72.0%(18/25)、52.0%(13/25)和21.4%(7/25),均高于单纯化疗组的47.6%(10/21)、19.0%(4/21)和4.7%(1/21),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。RFA主要并发症为发热和局部疼痛,两组化疗不良反应相似,以骨髓抑制和消化道反应为主,差异无统计学意义。结论 RFA联合小剂量卡培他滨治疗老年大肠癌术后肝转移疗效确切,可有效控制肿瘤,延长患者生存期。     

动脉化疗栓塞术联合射频消融治疗无法手术的原发性肝癌

目的比较动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)联合射频消融(RFA)、TACE联合放疗对无法手术的原发性肝癌(PHC)的疗效。方法选取2011年10月至2012年10月期间无法进行或不愿进行手术的PHC患者120例,分成两组:TACE+RFA组(A组,n=60)和TACE+放疗组(B组,n=60),治疗结束后3个月对比观察两组疗效和毒副反应,随访观察生存时间。结果 A组和B组近期有效率分别为46.7%和51.7%,两组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。A组和B组中位生存时间分别为27个月和16个月,两组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。毒副作用方面,两组在上消化道出血上差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论与TACE+放疗相比,TACE+RFA治疗无法手术的PHC远期效果更为显著。     

维生素D受体在糖尿病肾病足细胞损伤及蛋白尿缓解中的作用

目的探讨维生素D受体(VDR)在糖尿病肾病(DKD)足细胞中的表达水平及在足细胞损伤及蛋白尿缓解中的作用。方法(1)本研究纳入了65例诊断患有2型糖尿病(伴或不伴蛋白尿)的患者,并纳入了25例年龄和性别相匹配的健康体检者为对照组。根据白蛋白/肌酐(ACR)的尿排泄比例对2型糖尿病患者进行分组,分别为无蛋白尿(ACR<30 mg/g,n=24)、微量白蛋白尿(ACR 30~300 mg/g,n=18)和临床蛋白尿(ACR>300 mg/g,n=23)。另选择25例经肾活检确诊的DKD患者作为DKD组。正常肾脏组织标本均取自泌尿外科同一时期肾脏肿瘤切除患者10例。将各组检测指标进行对比,同时采用实时定量PCR、ELISA法和免疫组化法检测VDR在各组患者的血液、尿液样本和肾脏组织中的表达情况,以及使用Pearson相关分析分析VDR与尿蛋白的相关性。(2)在2型糖尿病肾病小鼠模型中对上述结果进行验证,将遗传背景均为C57BLKs/J的雄性db/db小鼠及同窝出生的db/m小鼠,随机分为正常对照组(A组)、DKD对照组(B组)、DKD二甲基亚砜处理组(C组)、DKD帕立骨化醇(VDR激动剂)处理组(D组),C、D组连续腹腔注射处理8周,对照组不做任何处理。小鼠10周龄时开始连续干预8周,在小鼠22周龄(开始干预后12周)检测各组小鼠体重、血、尿生化指标对比;Western印迹法检测β⁃catenin、VDR的变化;免疫荧光观察足细胞标志蛋白podocin及足细胞损伤蛋白α⁃SMA的表达变化。结果(1)与正常健康对照组相比,无蛋白尿组、微量白蛋白尿组和临床蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05);与无蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者相比,微量白蛋白尿组和临床蛋白尿组的糖尿病患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05)。(2)与正常健康对照组相比,无蛋白尿糖尿病组和DKD组患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平均较低(均P<0.05);与无蛋白尿糖尿病组患者相比,DKD组患者血浆中VDR的mRNA和蛋白水平亦较低(均P<0.05)。(3)免疫组化结果显示,DKD组肾组织中VDR的表达明显少于正常对照组。(4)DKD患者血浆中VDR mRNA相对水平与ACR呈负相关(r=-0.342,P<0.05)。(5)各组尿液上清液中VDR的水平与血浆中的水平呈相反趋势。(6)Western印迹结果显示,B组、C组肾小球足细胞β⁃catenin蛋白表达高于D组(均P<0.05),VDR蛋白的表达低于D组(均P<0.05);免疫荧光结果显示,B组、C组肾小球足细胞podocin的表达低于D组(均P<0.05),α⁃SMA的表达高于D组(均P<0.05)。结论VDR高表达缓解DKD足细胞损伤及蛋白尿。     

Anterior Interosseous Nerve Palsy After Shoulder Arthroscopy Treated With Surgical Decompression: A Case Series and Systematic Review of the Literature

Background: Anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) palsy is a very uncommon cause of upper extremity pain and weakness that comprises less than 1% of all upper extremity nerve palsies. Rarely reported but also mentioned in the literature is AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy. Methods: A systematic review of the literature to date using PubMed was conducted to identify patients who suffered AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy procedures. Articles included met the following criteria: (1) published in English; (2) primary presentation of the data; (3) patients had undergone shoulder arthroscopy before developing symptoms of AIN palsy; and (4) diagnosis was confirmed with clinical symptoms of AIN palsy. Measured outcomes included patient demographics, specific shoulder procedure, anesthesia procedure, intra-operative patient positioning, intra-operative compressive dressing, intra-operative traction, surgical versus conservative treatment, abnormal findings during decompression procedure, proposed mechanism of injury, and follow-up. Results: The search yielded 6 articles, of which 4 (13 cases) met inclusion criteria. An additional 2 cases were included in this report totaling 15 cases. The average patient age was 49 years (range: 31-64) with 73% males. At average follow-up of 24 months, 67% of patients experienced complete resolution of symptoms—more than half of which underwent surgical decompression. Patients who failed to progress experienced weakness of the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus muscles. Conclusions: Proposed injury mechanisms for AIN palsy after shoulder arthroscopy range from mechanical trauma, compressive hematoma, and direct anesthetic neurotoxicity. Management should be directed by clinical symptoms, imaging, and patient factors with majority of patients expected to have excellent clinical outcomes.     

不同尿钙水平的Gitelman综合征患者临床特点比较

目的观察不同尿钙水平Gitelman综合征(GS)患者的临床特点,探讨尿钙在GS疾病临床分型中的价值。方法收集2016—2018年来自中国国家罕见病注册系统(NRSC)、在北京协和医院行SLC12A3基因检测诊断为GS患者的临床资料,分析其尿钙特点,比较不同尿钙水平患者的临床和实验室检查指标。氢氯噻嗪试验按照标准操作流程进行,测定患者基线和用药后3 h内氯离子排泄分数改变量的最大值(ΔFECl)。结果共有83例GS患者被纳入研究,其中低尿钙患者53例(63.86%)。低尿钙组尿钙/肌酐比明显低于非低尿钙组[(0.085±0.058)mmol/mmol比(0.471±0.284)mmol/mmol,t=7.349,P<0.001]。两组患者在年龄、性别、估算肾小球滤过率、血压、血尿电解质水平、代谢性碱中毒方面差异均无统计学意义。低尿钙组患者乏力(χ2=4.595,P=0.032)及多尿(χ2=5.778,P=0.016)发生比例低于非低尿钙组,两组患者在其他临床症状方面差异无统计学意义。低尿钙和非低尿钙组各有16例患者行氢氯噻嗪试验,中位ΔFECl结果分别为0.539%(0.430%,1.283%)和0.829%(0.119%,1.298%),均提示对氢氯噻嗪无反应,组间差异无统计学意义(U=130.000,P=0.956)。结论GS患者中低尿钙比例为63.86%,尿钙水平与疾病临床表型、NCC功能损伤严重程度之间均无明确相关性。     

Role of Conventional and Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Spinal Treatment Protocol for Hydatid Disease

Objective:

To demonstrate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in determining the treatment protocol for hydatid disease of the spine.

Design:

Case report; literature review.

Findings:

Diffusion-weighted MRI can help differentiate complicated infected hydatidosis from abscesses, epidermoid cysts from arachnoid cysts, and benign from malignant vertebral compression fractures. It is also helpful in differentiating between abscesses and necrotic tumors.

Conclusion:

Diffusion-weighted MRI can help differentiate between infections requiring immediate surgery and those that can be treated medically with antihelmintic treatment.     

Fibrinogen-thrombin collagen patch reinforcement of highrisk colonic anastomoses in rats

AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of human fibrinogenthrombin collagen patch(TachoSil~?) in the reinforcement of high-risk colon anastomoses.METHODS A quasi-experimental study was conducted in Wistar rats(n = 56) that all underwent high-risk anastomoses(anastomosis with only two sutures) after colectomies. The rats were divided into two randomized groups: Control group(24 rats) and treatment group(24 rats). In the treatment group, high-risk anastomosis was reinforced with TachoSil~? (a piece of Tacho Sil? was applied over this high-risk anastomosis, covering the gap). Leak incidence, overall survival, intra-abdominal adhesions, and histologic healing of anastomoses were analyzed. Survivors were divided into two subgroups and euthanized at 15 and 30 d after intervention in order to analyze the adhesions and histologic changes. RESULTS Overall survival was 71.4% and 57.14% in the TachoSil~? group and control group, respectively(P = 0.29); four rats died from other causes and six rats in the treatment group and 10 in the control group experienced colonic leakage(P 0.05). The intra-abdominal adhesion score was similar in both groups, with no differences between subgroups. We found non-significant differences in the healing process according to the histologic score used in both groups(P = 0.066).CONCLUSION In our study, the use of TachoSil~? was associated with a non-statistically significant reduction in the rate of leakage in high-risk anastomoses. TachoSil~? has been shown to be a safe product because it does not affect the histologic healing process or increase intra-abdominal adhesions.     

Fluorescence in the Sclera,Nails, and Teeth Secondary to Favipiravir Use for COVID-19 Infections

Favipiravir, an antiviral agent originally used for influenza infections, has become popular due to its beneficial signals in coronavirus disease. It is currently used in some countries within COVID-19 treatment protocols. This is an initial report of favipiravir-related fluorescence observed in three healthcare providers working in the same ward in our hospital. All three individuals had been diagnosed with COVID-19 two months earlier and were treated with favipiravir. None of the three individuals received hydroxychloroquine or tetracyclines. Wood’s light examination led to an incidental discovery of favipiravir-induced fluorescence involving the sclera, nails, and teeth. In all patients, white linear, square, and band-like specks of fluorescence were noticed on the sclera of both eyes, some teeth, and the proximal part of all fingernails and toenails. Exposure of the eyes to the Wood’s light was for a brief duration of 3 to 5 seconds during examination and photodocumentation. Favipiravir might cause bright white fluorescence of nails, sclera, and teeth, detectable by Wood’s light even two months after its cessation.     

Safety and tolerability of single intravenous doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium in healthy volunteers

BACKGROUND: Sugammadex rapidly reverses rocuronium- and vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block. To investigate the effect of combination of sugammadex and rocuronium or vecuronium on QT interval, it would be preferable to avoid the interference of anaesthesia. Therefore, this pilot study was performed to investigate the safety, tolerability, and plasma pharmacokinetics of single i.v. doses of sugammadex administered simultaneously with rocuronium or vecuronium to anaesthetized and non-anaesthetized healthy volunteers. METHODS: In this phase I study, 12 subjects were anaesthetized with propofol/remifentanil and received sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) combined with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1); four subjects were not anaesthetized and received sugammadex 32 mg kg(-1) with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) (n=2 per treatment). Neuromuscular function was assessed by TOF-Watch SX monitoring in anaesthetized subjects and by clinical tests in non-anaesthetized volunteers. Sugammadex, rocuronium, and vecuronium plasma concentrations were measured at several time points. RESULTS: No serious adverse events (AEs) were reported. Fourteen subjects reported 23 AEs after study drug administration. Episodes of mild headache, tiredness, cold feeling (application site), dry mouth, oral discomfort, nausea, increased aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase levels, and moderate injection site irritation were considered as possibly related to the study drug. The ECG and vital signs showed no clinically relevant changes. Rocuronium/vecuronium plasma concentrations declined faster than those of sugammadex. CONCLUSIONS: Single-dose administration of sugammadex 16, 20, or 32 mg kg(-1) in combination with rocuronium 1.2 mg kg(-1) or vecuronium 0.1 mg kg(-1) was well tolerated with no clinical evidence of residual neuromuscular block, confirming that these combinations can safely be administered simultaneously to non-anaesthetized subjects. Rocuronium and vecuronium plasma concentrations decreased faster than those of sugammadex, reducing the theoretical risk of neuromuscular block developing over time.     

罗伊适应模式对腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术后恢复情况的影响

目的探讨罗伊适应模式对患者腹股沟疝无张力疝修补术后恢复情况的影响。 方法将2016年1月至2019年5月在秦皇岛市第二医院择期进行无张力修补术治疗的120例腹股沟疝患者，按照随机数字法分为对照组和观察组，每组各60例。对照组采用常规护理治疗，观察组在对照组的基础上采用罗伊适应模式。比较2组患者的术后临床指标、心理状态、围手术期并发症发生情况及满意度。 结果术后观察组患者的首次排气时间、恢复正常饮食时间、离床活动时间和术后住院时间均低于对照组（P<0.05）；术后观察组患者的抑郁自评量表（SDS）和焦虑自评量表（SAS）评分显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；术后2组患者均无切口感染发生，2组患者尿潴留、急性疼痛、认知功能障碍、发热、血肿等发生率相比无统计学差异（P>0.05）；术后观察组患者护理满意度为96.67%，显著高于对照组的83.33%（P<0.05）。 结论在常规护理的基础上，罗伊适应模式用于患者腹股沟疝无张力修补围手术期，能有效改善术后患者的焦虑/抑郁情绪，不增加围手术期并发症，促进术后患者的恢复及提高治疗满意度。     

Factors Associated With Reoperation After Silicone Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthroplasty

Background: Silicone proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint arthroplasty has a high revision rate. It has been suggested that persistent ulnar deviation and joint instability influence the durability of PIP silicone arthroplasties. The goal of this study was to evaluate what factors are associated with reoperation after silicone PIP arthroplasty. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated all adult patients who underwent PIP silicone arthroplasty between 2002 and 2016 at one institutional system for inflammatory-, posttraumatic-, and primary degenerative arthritis. After manual chart review, we included 91 patients who underwent 114 arthroplasties. Fingers operated included 14 index, 41 middle, 38 ring, and 21 small fingers. Results: The overall reoperation rate was 14% (n = 16). Non-Caucasian race (P = .040), smoking (P = .022) and PIP silicone arthroplasty for post-traumatic osteoarthritis (P = .021) were associated with reoperation. The 1-, 5- and 10-year implant survival rates were 87%, 85%, and 85%, respectively. Conclusion: Caution should be exercised when considering PIP silicone arthroplasty of the index finger or in patients with post-traumatic osteoarthritis. It may be worthwhile addressing smoking behavior before pursuing silicone PIP arthroplasty.     

血浆凝血因子VIII水平与IgA肾病患者临床病理改变及预后的关系

目的探讨血浆凝血因子VIII(factor VIII,FVIII)水平与IgA肾病(IgAN)患者临床参数及预后的关系。方法收集2016年1月至2016年12月中南大学湘雅二医院确诊的IgAN患者的临床资料。按照时间依赖的受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)得出的血浆FVIII预测IgAN预后的临界值,将患者分为高FVIII组(FVIII>140.50%)和低FVIII组(FVIII≤140.50%),比较两组患者肾活检时基线临床参数的差异。以估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)下降≥30%或进入终末期肾脏病(ESRD)为终点事件,采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线及Cox回归方程法分析血浆FVIII水平对IgAN患者预后的影响。结果共93例IgAN患者纳入本研究,中位随访时间为35.15(33.77,36.76)个月,12例(12.90%)患者发生终点事件。高FVIII组患者年龄、血肌酐、尿素氮、血三酰甘油、血总胆固醇、血浆纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体、24 h尿蛋白量、蛋白C、蛋白S和eGFR下降速率高于低FVIII组(均P<0.05);eGFR、血白蛋白、中位随访时间低于低FVIII组(均P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果显示,与低FVIII组比较,高FVIII组患者肾脏累积生存率降低(χ2=5.635,P=0.018)。在校正收缩压、eGFR、尿蛋白、肾小管萎缩/间质纤维化程度等因素后,多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,高血浆FVIII水平是IgAN患者肾脏预后不良的独立危险因素(HR=4.147,95%CI 1.055~16.308,P=0.042)。结论血浆FVIII水平与IgAN患者临床指标及预后相关,高血浆FVIII水平是IgAN患者肾脏预后不良的独立危险因素。