大肠癌患者手术前后细胞免疫变化的初步研究

该文连续观察了１９例大肠患者手术前后血清可溶性白细胞介素２受体（ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ），周围血自然杀伤细胞（ＮＫ细胞）活性及Ｔ细胞亚群的动态变化，结果显示，大肠癌患者术前血清ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ水平明显高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．００５），而且Ｄｕｋｅｓ＇Ｃ期病人血ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ较Ｄｕｋｅｓ＇Ｂ期病人明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。同时，周围血ＮＫ细胞活性及ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８比值较正常对照组明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）．术后一周上述免疫指标受到进一步抑制，直至术后２周上述免疫指标逐渐开始恢复。但仍处于抑制状态，结果显示，大肠癌患者术前及术后早期均存在免疫抑制，免疫抑制时出现可能与其体内高水平的ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ浓度有关。因此，大肠癌患者血清ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ及周围血ＮＫ细胞活性及Ｔ细胞亚群的动态监测，有助于患者疾病和病情时诊断以及预后的估计     

Graves病患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群及NK细胞变化的临床意义

对４４例Ｇｒａｖｅｓ病初治患者于治疗前检测外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群及ＮＫ细胞活性，结果显示ＣＤ＿３细胞与正常对照组差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５），ＣＤ４细胞低于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＣＤ＿细胞显著低于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＣＤ＿４／ＣＤ＿８值及ＮＫ细胞则显著高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），并发现这些变化与Ｔ３、Ｔ４无显著相关性。对Ｇｒａｖｅｓ病的细胞免疫改变作了初步讨论。     

原发性高血压患者sIL-2R及细胞免疫活性的变化

目的探讨ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ、Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群和ＮＫ细胞在原发性高血压中的变化与意义。方法分别用酶标双抗体夹心法、碱性磷酸酶抗碱性磷酸酶法和改良的微量细胞毒试验—乳酸脱氢酶释放法检测７６例原发性高血压患者的ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ、Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群、自然杀伤细胞（ＮＫ细胞）的数量与活性。结果原发性高血压患者ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平明显增高，ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４、ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８、ＮＫ细胞活性显著降低，且ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ和ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８的异常随病情的加重而加重。有家族史的患者较对照组ＮＫ细胞数量显著减少。结论原发性高血压患者存在ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ异常和细胞免疫的调节紊乱，终致ＩＬ－２的产生与功能障碍，此可能是引起本病的重要环节。ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ和ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８的异常变化可以反映疾病的严重程度，而ＮＫ细胞数量的异常似与本病的遗传因素有关。     

SLE患者T淋巴细胞亚群和sLL-2R的变化

观察全身性红斑狼疮（ＳＬＥ）患者的Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群、ＮＫ细胞及可溶性白介素２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）的变化以了解患者细胞免疫调节紊乱的机制。采用流式细胞仪对４０例ＳＬＥ患者和３０名正常对照组进行ＣＤ３＋、ＣＤ４＋、ＣＤ８＋、ＮＫ等细胞表面标志检测;采用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ。结果表明,ＳＬＥ患者血中ＣＤ８＋细胞增加,而ＣＤ４＋细胞和ＮＫ细胞均减少,ＣＤ３＋细胞无明显变化。血浆中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ明显增高。结论：ＳＬＥ发病与细胞免疫调节紊乱有关。     

膀胱癌患者细胞免疫功能检测及其临床意义探讨

报道３０例膀胱癌患者和３４例正常人的细胞免疫功能检测结果。膀胱癌患者外周血ＩＬ－２活性、干扰素水平均显著低于正常人。患者ＮＫ活性、ＩＬ－２受体表达均显著低于正常人。患者ＯＫＴ３＋细胞比例下降，ＯＫＴ８＋细胞比例升高，ＯＫＴ４＋细胞无明显改变；ＯＫＴ４／ＯＫＴ８细胞比值减小。患者ＮＫ活性与ＩＬ－２活性及干扰素水平呈直线正相关；ＩＬ－２活性与Ｔ４细胞及Ｔ４／Ｔ８细胞比值呈直线正相关。     

静脉丙种球蛋白地小鼠病毒性心肌炎T细胞亚群,NK细胞及部 …

为探讨病毒性心肌炎（ＶＭＣ）免疫发病机理及静脉丙种球蛋白（ＩＶＩＧ）治疗ＶＭＣ的作用机理,将ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠随机分为正常对照组、病毒模型组、ＩＶＩＧ保护组及ＩＶＩＧ治疗组,观察ＩＶＩＧ对小鼠脾脏Ｔ细胞亚群、ＮＫ细胞、ＩＬ－１、ＩＬ－２及外周血ＴＮＦ活性的影响。结果：与正常对照组比较,病毒模型组ＮＫＣ活性及ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８均明显降低,ＩＬ－１、ＩＬ－２及ＴＮＦ活性明显升高,而ＩＶＩＩＧ保护组一     

慢性肺心病T淋巴细胞亚群、NK细胞活性及红细胞免疫功能的初步观察

目的：了解慢性肺心病Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群、ＮＫ细胞活性及红细胞免疫功能变化及临床意义。方法：测定３０例肺心病患者急性发作期和缓解期外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群、ＮＫ细胞活性及红细胞免疫功能,并与２５例正常人对照。结果：肺心病患者急性发作期ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４、ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８比值、Ｃ３ｂＲＲ及ＮＫ细胞活性均明显低于正常人（Ｐ〈０．０１）,ＣＤ８则明显高于正常人（Ｐ〈０．０１）,肺心病伴明显缺氧和高碳酸血症者变化最明显。     

柯萨奇B组病毒性心肌炎的自然杀伤细胞活性及T细胞亚群的研究

检测柯萨奇Ｂ组病毒（ＣＶＢ）性心肌炎７０例，正常人（ＮＣ）４０例外周血的自然杀伤细胞（ＮＫＣ）活性和Ｔ细胞亚群。结果显示病毒性心肌炎（ＶＭＣ）组ＮＫＣ活性显著低于ＮＣ组（Ｐ〈０．０１）。Ｔ细胞亚群与ＮＣ组比较，急性ＶＭＣ患者总Ｔ细胞（ＣＤ３），辅助性Ｔ细胞（ＣＤ４）和抑制性Ｔ细胞（ＣＤ８）及ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８比值均减少，Ｐ〈０．０５￣０．０１。慢性ＶＭＣ患者仅ＣＤ８减低明显（Ｐ〈０．０５），而ＣＤ３、     

慢性丙型肝炎患者外周血T细胞亚型及NK活性的研究

目的：检测慢性丙型肝炎患者外周血Ｔ细胞亚型和ＮＫ活性，并与正常人比较，以观察ＨＣＶ感染对患者细胞免疫功能的影响。方法 采用间接免疫荧光－流式细胞分析法检测外周血Ｔ细胞ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８表达，采用ＬＤＨ释放法测定ＮＫ活性。结果 慢性丙型肝炎患者外周血ＣＤ４、ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８比值ＮＫ活性明显降低，与正常人碾 显著性，而ＣＤ８升高；ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ阳性组一ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ阴性组比较，ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８比值、Ｎ     

CD3AK细胞加IL—2治疗恶性肿瘤体外与临床应用研究

ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞在体外对体外癌细胞系细胞杀伤活性最强，对自体细胞杀伤活性与ＴＩＬ细胞接近，且均显著大于ＬＡＫ细胞，ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞ＩＬ－２治疗癌症患者３０例中，ＣＲ＋ＰＲ１４例，有效率为４６％，Ｋｅｒｎｏｆｓｋｙ的生活质量标准评分治疗后有显著提高（Ｐ〈０．０１），血浆ＩＬ－２活性治疗后有明显提高（Ｐ〈０．０５），Ｔ４／Ｔ８治疗后有所提高。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.