夜来香根茎水提取液局部麻醉作用的研究

目的：研究夜来香(CN)根茎水提取液的局部麻醉作用及其作用机制。方法：采用蟾蜍离体坐骨神经动作电位法、豚鼠皮丘法、椎管麻醉法、表面麻醉法。结果：20％的CN水提取液对蟾蜍离体坐骨神经动作电位可完全消失，但较1％的普鲁卡因稍弱。豚鼠皮丘实验表明，20％CN提取液有浸润麻醉作用，其浸润麻醉效果与1％的普鲁卡因相似，而且盐酸肾上腺素可增强其麻醉强度和明显延长局麻作用时间；家兔椎管麻醉实验表明CN提取液有明显的椎管麻醉作用；CN提取液对家兔角膜也有一定的表麻作用，只是作用强度及持续时间比1％的普鲁卡因稍弱或稍短。结论：CN提取液有明显的局部麻醉作用。     

大豆苷元局部麻醉作用的研究

目的：研究大豆苷元的局部麻醉作用。方法：采用蟾蜍离体坐骨神经动作电位法、豚鼠皮丘法、椎管麻醉法、表面麻醉法。结果：大豆苷元对蟾蜍离体坐骨神经动作电位可完全消失,且动作电位可恢复正常。大豆苷元有浸润麻醉作用,而且盐酸肾上腺素可明显延长大豆苷元的局麻作用时间。家兔椎管内注入大豆苷元也可产生明显的椎管内麻醉作用。大豆苷元对家兔角膜具有一定的表面麻醉作用,其表面麻醉效果较1％的普鲁卡因更弱。结果：大豆苷元有明显的局部麻醉作用。     

蛇床子提取液的局部麻醉作用

蛇床子提取液对蟾蜍离体坐骨神经有阻滞麻醉作用;对豚鼠有浸润麻醉效果,盐酸肾上腺素可增强其麻醉强度和明显延长局麻时间;对家兔有椎管麻醉作用,但对兔眼角膜没有表面麻醉作用。蛇床子提取液的局麻作用相似于1%盐酸普鲁卡因,唯作用强度较弱、持续时间较短。此外,还能明显增强戊巴比妥钠对小鼠的催眠作用。     

蛇床子素的局部麻醉作用

用多种局部麻醉方法，如豚鼠皮丘法、兔眼角膜法、脊蟾蜍足蹼法、蟾蜍椎管麻醉法及离体蟾蜍坐骨神经动作电位测定法证明，２％的蛇床子素溶液有浸润及传导麻醉作用，但无表面麻醉作用；它能显著增强阈下催眠剂量的戊巴比妥钠对小鼠的催眠作用。其中，豚鼠润麻醉作用能被盐酸肾上腺素所增强；给蟾蜍椎管注射时，脊髓出现先兴奋后抑制现象，可恢复。     

臭牡丹根提取液的局部麻醉作用

目的：初步研究臭牡丹的局麻作用为临床使用提供理论基础。方法：蟾 蜍离体坐骨神经动作电位实验;小白鼠足部浸润麻醉实验;对抗小鼠的最大电休克发作实验。结果：臭牡丹能完全抑制蟾蜍坐骨神经动作电位的产生,阻滞传导;还是有浸润麻醉作用。结论：臭牡丹根提取液具有局部麻醉作用。     

普鲁卡因的神经阻滞作用与pH值的关系研究

目的比较不同pH值的普鲁卡因溶液对蟾蜍坐骨神经动作电位的幅度和传导速度的影响,测定盐酸普鲁卡因溶液阻滞蟾蜍坐骨神经传导的半数有效pH值。方法制备30条离体蟾蜍坐骨神经干,分为6组,每组5根,分别用pH值为3、4、5、6、7、8的普鲁卡因溶液浸润,测定浸润前后动作电位的幅度和传导速度。分离26只蟾蜍左侧坐骨神经,用pH值为5、4、3.2、2.56、2.05的普鲁卡因溶液通过序贯法测定普鲁卡因溶液阻滞坐骨神经的半数有效pH值,观察指标为有无屈反射。结果 pH值为6的普鲁卡因溶液对蟾蜍坐骨神经动作电位的幅度和传导速度影响最大,普鲁卡因溶液阻滞坐骨神经的半数有效pH值的95%可信区间是2.28～2.77。结论不同pH值的普鲁卡因溶液对蟾蜍坐骨神经的阻滞作用不同。     

复方盐酸普鲁卡因对蟾蜍坐骨神经复合动作电位的影响

采用细胞外电极引导动作电位方法，观察了４种浓度复方盐酸普鲁卡因，普鲁卡因和利多卡因对蟾蜍离体坐骨神经复合动作电位幅度的影响。结果表明：４种不同浓度复方盐酸普鲁卡因，普鲁卡因和利多卡因均可降低复合动作电位的幅度，呈剂效反应关系。其中１．９％复方盐酸普鲁卡因与同浓度普鲁卡因或利多卡因相比，前者可显著增加复合动作电位的衰减率，并呈时间反应关系（２分钟Ｐ〈０．０５，３￣８分钟〈０．０１）。复合动作电位完全     

复方普鲁卡因对小鼠,蟾蜍神经干阻断作用的实验研究

复方普鲁卡因对小鼠坐骨神经干麻醉作用:ED_(50)量是1.34mg,麻醉效力是普鲁卡囚的1.961倍,是利多卡因的0.754倍,0.95％复方昔鲁卡因麻醉持续时间长于同浓度普鲁卡因,P<0.05,短于同浓度的利多卡因,P<0.01。1.9％复方普鲁卡因10μl(29.83×10~5μmol/L)对蟾蜍坐骨神经标本麻醉作用:5分钟内动作电位衰减率近17±2.6％(X±SD),而同浓度、同剂量普鲁卡因、利多卡因7分钟内动作电位衰减率分别为19.2±5.1％,21.1±3.0％。提示:1.9％复方普鲁卡因对蟾蜍坐骨神经干的麻醉作用明显强于普鲁卡因、利多卡因。     

箭叶淫羊藿叶水提取液抗心律失常作用的研究

目的：了解箭叶淫羊藿叶（Epimedium Breuicornum Maxin EBM)水提取液的抗心律失常作用。方法：常规抗心律失常的方法。结果：箭叶淫羊藿叶水提取液对氯仿诱发的小鼠室颤，氯化钙诱发的大鼠室颤均有明显的预防作用，对乌头碱诱发的大鼠心律失常有明显的治疗效果。但不能对抗肾上腺素诱发的家兔心律失常。箭叶淫羊藿叶水提取液可降低蟾蜍离体坐骨神经动作电位。结论：提示箭叶淫羊藿叶水提取液抗心律失常作用可能与其抑制Na^ ,Ca^2 内流有关。进一步提示箭叶淫羊藿叶水提取液抗心律失常作用可能与其抑制Na^ ，内流有关。而与阻断β－肾上腺素受体无关。     

复方盐酸普鲁卡因对蟾蜍坐骨神经动作电位传导速度的影响

实验观察和比较了１．９％复方盐酸普鲁卡因、普鲁卡因和利多卡因对蟾蜍坐骨神经动作电位传导速度的影响。结果表明：三种不同的麻醉剂在给药后１￣６分钟内可明显抑制动作电位的传导速度，并随时间推移其抑制作用逐渐加强。１．９％复方盐酸普鲁卡因与同浓度普鲁卡因相比在４￣６分钟，前者抑制作用的速度明显快于后者（Ｐ〈０．０５）。与同浓度利多卡因相比无明显差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）。结果提示：１．９％复方盐酸普鲁卡因可通过     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.