乳腺癌耐药性中MAPK信号转导通路与EGR-1关系的研究

目的探讨乳腺癌细胞阿霉素耐药中p38MAPK通路与EGR-1活性的关系。方法用流式细胞术、四甲基偶氮唑蓝（MTT）、RT—PCR及Western Blot等方法分别检测SB203580（15μmol／L）干预后细胞的凋亡、细胞内阿霉素浓度及细胞对阿霉素敏感性的改变;EGR-1 mRNA表达及P—gP、磷酸化p53蛋白及p38蛋白表达情况。结果经SB203580（15μmol／L）干预,流式细胞仪检测见MCF-7／Adr细胞发生显著凋亡,并呈一定时间依赖性;细胞内阿霉素浓度显著增加;MCF-7／Adr细胞对阿霉素药物的耐受性显著降低;伴随p38MAPK通路活性抑制和EGR—1mRNA表达增加,磷酸化p53蛋白表达显著上调,而P—gP蛋白显著下调。结论提示p38MAPK通路与乳腺癌细胞阿霉素耐药密切相关,p38MAPK通路调控的EGR—1激活参与乳腺癌细胞阿霉素耐药的形成。     

卵巢癌耐药细胞株的P38MAPK活性与凋亡关系的研究

目的 研究卵巢癌细胞耐药过程中P38MAPK活性与凋亡的关系,探讨P38MAPK信号转导途径在卵巢癌细胞耐药中的作用.方法 流式细胞技术分析P38MAPK特异性抑制剂SB203580对A2780/Taxol细胞凋亡的影响;利用免疫细胞化学法观察SB203580处理后细胞内P38MAPK表达水平.四甲基偶氮唑蓝检测细胞对紫杉醇的半数抑制浓度(IC50),Western blot检测细胞内P-gp蛋白表达.结果 与未干预组和对照组比较,SB203580(10μmol/L)干预24h后A2780/Taxol细胞凋亡率为23.7%(P＜0.01);A2780/Taxol细胞的P38MAPK表达颗粒密度减低,数量减少;紫杉醇对A2780/Taxol细胞的IC50显著降低(P＜0.01);P-gp蛋白表达水平明显降低.结论 P38 MAPK信号转导途径与卵巢癌耐药密切相关,可能参与卵巢癌耐药的形成.其可能机制为P38MAPK通路起到保护A2780/Taxol细胞逃避凋亡的作用.因此,阻断该通路可增强卵巢癌耐药细胞发生凋亡.     

EGR-1的表达对乳腺癌细胞株耐药的调节作用

目的 探讨转录因子EGR-1对人乳腺癌阿霉素耐药细胞MCF-7/Adr耐药的调节作用.方法 采用脂质体转染法将EGR-1质粒转入细胞,Annexin V-FITC/PI双标流式细胞术、MTT法和Western印迹分别检测MCF-7/Adr细胞早晚期凋亡、细胞增殖活性.结果 细胞稳定转染EGR-1质粒后,与阴性对照组和空载体组比较,细胞凋亡率(41.43±2.34)%高于阴性对照组(4.32±0.87)%及pcDNA3.1空载体转染(5.28±1.46)%(P＜0.05);在一定阿霉素药物浓度范围内,MCF-7/Adr细胞存活率抑制率明显下降(P＜0.05);Western印迹检测见MCF-7/Adr-EGR-1细胞中Caspase-3蛋白均较转染前明显增加,而p-gp蛋白质水平较转染前明显下降(P＜0.05).结论 上调EGR-1表达能有效逆转乳腺癌细胞阿霉素耐药性,其作用机制可能与EGR-1上调耐药细胞中Caspase-3的水平、诱导细胞发生凋亡相关.     

耐药乳腺癌MCF-7/Adr细胞c-myc的表达上调及与耐药的关系

目的观察耐药乳腺癌细胞c-myc表达及其反义寡核苷酸对耐药的逆转效应,探讨c-myc在耐药调控中的作用。方法运用流式细胞仪检测乳腺癌耐药细胞MCF-7/Adr和其药敏亲本系MCF-7的c-myc表达水平。MTT法测定阿霉素作用于上述细胞的药物半数抑制浓度(IC50)。结果MCF-7/Adr耐药细胞c-myc的表达率为70.48%,其亲本药敏细胞系MCF-7c-myc表达率仅46.02%,前者显著高于后者(P<0.05)。阿霉素单独作用于MCF-7/Adr,IC50值为(22.00±1.92)μmol/L,但与4μmol/Lc-myc反义寡核苷酸共孵育后,阿霉素的IC50值则显著下降为(9.60±1.04)μmol/L。结论与其亲本药敏细胞相比较,MCF-7/Adr的c-myc表达显著上调,抑制c-myc的过表达可部分逆转MCF-7/Adr的阿霉素抵抗,提示c-myc参与肿瘤耐药的发生。     

蝎毒对人乳腺癌MCF-7/ADM细胞多药耐药的影响及机制研究

[目的]探讨蝎毒(BMK)对人乳腺癌MCF-7/ADM细胞多药耐药的逆转及谷胱甘肽S转移酶(GST)活性的影响。[方法]实验分两组:MCF-7/ADM耐药细胞组;MCF-7/ADM 蝎毒组。采用MTT法测定蝎毒的细胞毒性和抗药性逆转,流式细胞术测定蝎毒对耐药细胞凋亡百分率的影响,紫外分光光度术测定蝎毒对谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTs)活性的影响。[结果]与MCF-7/ADM耐药细胞组相比:①非细胞毒性剂量(3.0μg/mL)蝎毒能显著降低MCF-7/ADM的IC50(P<0.01),逆转倍数为1.52倍。②蝎毒(3.0μg/mL)显著增强对耐药细胞的凋亡诱导作用,凋亡率由(8.9±0.01)%上升为(12.6±0.21)%(P<0.01)。③蝎毒(3.0μg/mL)显著降低耐药细胞内谷胱甘肽S转移酶的活性(P<0.01)。[结论]蝎毒能够部分逆转人乳腺癌MCF-7/ADM细胞对阿霉素的耐药性,增加ADM对肿瘤细胞的凋亡诱导作用,其逆转机制与降低耐药细胞内GST酶活性有关。     

丝裂原活化蛋白激酶在力达霉素抑制鼠骨髓瘤细胞增殖和诱导凋亡中的作用

目的: 研究力达霉素(LDM)对鼠骨髓瘤细胞丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPKs) 信号传导通路的影响及MAPKs在LDM抑制鼠骨髓瘤细胞增殖和诱导凋亡中的作用,为LDM治疗人多发性骨髓瘤的研究提供依据。方法: 选取处于对数生长期鼠骨髓瘤细胞株SP2/0,随机分为空白对照组、4种不同浓度LDM组,采用Western blotting 方法检测各组细胞48 h后MAPK家族的三个主要成员c-Jun氨基末端激酶(JNK)、细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)和p38 MAPK的表达水平。选取处于对数生长期SP2/0,随机分为对照组、LDM组、SP600125组(JNK抑制剂)、SB203580组(p38抑制剂)、U0126组(ERK抑制剂)、LDM+SP600125组、LDM+SB203580组和LDM+U0126组,采用MTS法和流式细胞术分别检测各组细胞增殖和凋亡情况。结果: 细胞培养48 h后,不同浓度LDM组JNK、ERK和p38 MAPK的表达水平高于空白对照组（P<0.05）;各抑制剂组细胞增殖率和细胞凋亡率与空白对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),即对细胞的增殖抑制和凋亡诱导作用均不明显;但LDM+SP600125组、LDM +SB203580组LDM对细胞的增殖抑制和凋亡诱导作用均降低（P<0.05）,而LDM+U0126组LDM对细胞的增殖抑制和凋亡诱导作用则增强（P<0.05）。结论: LDM能够通过激活JNK、p38 MAPK抑制鼠骨髓瘤细胞SP2/0细胞增殖,诱导其凋亡。     

黄芪解毒汤诱导乳腺癌细胞凋亡及对β-catenin、C-myc基因表达影响的研究

目的 探讨黄芪解毒汤体外干预人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7凋亡及对β-catenin、C-myc基因表达的影响,及该方抑制乳腺癌复发转移的可能机制.方法 培养MCF-7细胞并将其分为黄芪解毒汤组、阿霉素组及空白对照组.以黄芪解毒汤浓缩液、阿霉素液及细胞培养液分别干预各组MCF-7细胞24 h后,以流式细胞仪检测其对MCF-7乳腺癌细胞凋亡的影响,实时荧光定量PCR检测其对β-catenin,C-myc基因表达的影响.结果 与空白对照组比较,黄芪解毒汤组、阿霉素组可明显诱导MCF-7细胞的凋亡(P<0.01);黄芪解毒汤组及阿霉素组β-catenin、C-myc表达量明显低于空白对照组(P<0.01).结论黄芪解毒可诱导乳腺癌细胞MCF-7凋亡,显著降低β-catenin、C-myc基因表达,该结果为黄芪解毒汤在乳腺癌术后治疗中的应用提供实验依据.     

芍药苷对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移的影响及机制研究

【目的】观察芍药苷对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞株增殖、侵袭和迁移的影响及相关机制。【方法】以不同浓度芍药苷(5、10、20μmol/L)作用于MCF-7细胞株。四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法检测MCF-7细胞增殖能力;划痕实验检测MCF-7细胞的迁移能力;Transwell法检测MCF-7细胞侵袭能力;蛋白免疫印迹(Western Blot)法检测MCF-7细胞增殖和转移相关蛋白Ki67、增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、p38、p-p38、热休克蛋白27(HSP27)、p-HSP27的表达水平;MCF-7细胞培养添加p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38MAPK)通路抑制剂SB203580后,Western Blot法检测上述相关蛋白的表达水平。【结果】与空白对照组比较,芍药苷5、10、20μmol/L组细胞增殖倍数明显降低,划痕闭合程度明显降低,侵袭细胞数目显著减少,Ki67、PCNA、MMP-9、VEGF表达水平均显著降低,p-p38和p-HSP27表达水平均显著上升(均P 0.01),且随着芍药苷浓度的升高,效果越明显。添加SB203580后,MCF-7细胞p-p38和p-HSP27表达水平显著降低,Ki67、PCNA、MMP-9和VEGF表达水平均显著升高(均P 0.01);芍药苷与SB203580共同作用于MCF-7细胞后,p-p38和p-HSP27表达水平显著升高,Ki67、PCNA、MMP-9和VEGF表达水平均显著降低(均P 0.01)。【结论】芍药苷可抑制人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭,其作用机制与调节p38MAPK信号通路的激活相关。     

miR-375逆转MCF-7/Adr耐药性的功能研究

目的 研究乳腺癌耐阿霉素细胞株MCF-7/Adr高表达miR-375后对阿霉素敏感性的影响.方法 将miR-375模拟物(miR-375 mimics)和mimics negative control(NC)分别转染MCF-7/Adr;阿霉素处理后用WST-1法检测耐阿霉素细胞的增殖情况;流式细胞仪检测细胞周期和凋亡;细胞划痕实验、transwell迁移、侵袭实验检测MCF-7/Adr细胞的迁移和侵袭能力.结果 在MCF-7/Adr细胞中高表达miR-375可以提高其对阿霉素的敏感性并促进其凋亡;高表达miR-375的MCF-7/Adr细胞周期阻滞在G1期;转染miR-375后对MCF-7/Adr细胞的迁移、侵袭能力有抑制作用.结论 MCF-7/Adr细胞中高表达miR-375可以增加其对阿霉素的敏感性.     

p38MAPK信号通路对乙醛刺激的大鼠肝星状细胞增殖、凋亡及细胞周期的影响

目的观察用特异性p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶抑制剂SB203580阻断p38MAPK信号通路对乙醛刺激的大鼠肝星状细胞(hepatic stellate cell,HSC)增殖、凋亡及细胞周期的影响。方法体外培养大鼠HSC株,用SB203580(浓度为5、10、20μmol/L)对乙醛(浓度200μmol/L)刺激的大鼠HSC进行干预,分别以酶标仪及流式细胞仪检测HSC增殖、凋亡及周期的变化。结果不同浓度SB203580对HSC增殖有抑制作用,增殖抑制率分别为21.6%、27.0%、31.5%,与乙醛对照组有显著差异(P<0.05),且呈剂量效应关系;对HSC凋亡有促进作用,凋亡率分别为(13.7±0.3)%、(14.9±0.2)%、(16.1±0.2)%,凋亡率逐渐增加,与乙醛对照组有显著差异(P<0.05),且呈剂量效应关系;可以明显阻滞乙醛刺激的HSC由G1期进入S期,G1/G0期细胞比例逐渐增高[(29.1±1.9)%、(35.5±3.4)%、(46.0±2.6)%],S期细胞比例逐渐降低[(53.4±2.6)%、(48.4±3.6)%、(43.8±1.1)%],与乙醛对照组有显著差异(P<0.05),呈...     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.