Induced abortion and the chromosomal characteristics of subsequent miscarriages (spontaneous abortions)

Data from a case-control study of miscarriages (spontaneous abortions) were used to test whether single and multiple induced abortions are associated with miscarriage in subsequent euploid (chromosomally normal) pregnancies. Cases and controls were identified in three New York City hospitals between April 1974 and November 1982. It was hypothesized that, if induced abortion increased the risk of subsequent miscarriage, an association would be observed with euploid but not aneuploid (chromosomally abnormal) miscarriage. The frequencies of single and multiple induced abortions among euploid cases and aneuploid cases were compared with those among controls. Among both private and public patients, the proportion of women reporting a single induced abortion was similar in euploid cases and in aneuploid cases compared to controls. Among public patients only, the proportions reporting multiple induced abortions were also similar in euploid cases and in aneuploid cases compared to controls (odds ratios = 0.9 and 1.0, respectively). In contrast, among private patients, the proportion reporting multiple induced abortions was raised among euploid cases (odds ratio = 2.2, 95% confidence interval = 1.3-3.7), although not among aneuploid cases. This association was strongest when the first induced abortion was carried out before 1973, at a young age, or with a procedure other than suction curettage. In public patients, the associations with miscarriage did not vary with characteristics of the first induced abortion, but multiple induced abortion histories when the first two induced abortions occurred before 1973 were in excess among euploid cases compared to controls. These results suggest that, for both private and public patients, neither single nor multiple induced abortions as now performed are likely to increase the risk of miscarriage in subsequent pregnancies. They also suggest a mechanical origin for some miscarriages.     

Potato avoidance during pregnancy in women with a previous infant with either anencephaly and/or spina bifida.

This investigation is a direct attempt to test Renwick's (1972) hypothesis that 95% of anencephaly and spina bifida (ASB) is preventable by the avoidance of potatoes during pregnancy. Although the numbers involved in the study are small, the investigation fails to support the concept that short-term avoidance of potatoes before conception and throughout pregnancy in women who have had a previous ASB infant reduces the recurrence risk. In the potato-free group, of 23 pregnancies which went to term two infants had ASB (8-7%); whereas in the non-potato-free group, of 56 which went to term two infants had ASB (3-6%). The recurrence risk in both groups was about 5%. The incidence of ASB in the groups shows no significant difference (P = 0-58) and in the potato-free group was not reduced by 95% as postulated by Renwick.     

孕期亲密伴侣暴力流行状况及其与自发性早产的关联

目的了解安徽2市孕期亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)的流行状况,探讨其与自发性早产之间的关联。方法 2013年5月—2014年1月,在安徽省合肥市和安庆市招募928名待产孕妇,采用自制问卷和13个条目的 IPV问卷进行面对面调查,包括社会人口学资料、妊娠意愿、生活方式和暴力发生等。分娩后通过医疗记录收集子代孕周、分娩方式和早产原因等。应用Logistic回归模型分析IPV与自发性早产间的关联。结果孕期精神暴力、躯体暴力和性暴力发生率分别为28.8%(95%CI 25.9%~31.7%)、7.0%(95%CI 5.5%~8.8%)和2.3%(95%CI 1.4%~3.4%)。发生IPV的孕妇中,配偶双方低年龄(孕妇25岁、配偶30岁)、大专以下学历、非意愿妊娠、双方交流不充分、配偶孕前饮酒吸烟的比例显著高于未发生IPV的孕妇(P0.05)。控制配偶双方的一般人口统计学特征、妊娠意愿、孕前BMI、饮酒和吸烟等主要混杂因素后,精神暴力合并躯体暴力或/和性暴力与自发性早产存在显著的统计学关联(调整后OR=2.31,95%CI 1.12~4.74)。结论孕期精神暴力发生率较高,但与自发性早产间无显著关联。当孕期精神暴力合并躯体暴力或/和性暴力时,会显著增加自发性早产风险。     

剖宫产瘢痕处双胎异位妊娠患者诊治研究并文献复习

目的 探讨既往剖宫产瘢痕处双胎异位妊娠(TEPC)患者的临床特征、诊治经过,并进行相关文献复习.方法 选择2019年9月24日,杭州市妇产科医院收治的要求终止妊娠的1例TEPC患者为研究对象.采用回顾性分析方法,收集其临床病例资料,进行临床表现和诊治经过分析.同时,以"剖宫产瘢痕妊娠""双胎妊娠""cesarean s...     

Impact of high temperatures on hospital admissions: comparative analysis with previous studies about mortality (Madrid)

BACKGROUND: Heat wave prevention plans are traditionally implemented according to a temperature limit above which mortality begins to rise. Although these prevention plans are obviously designed to avoid deaths, it is also necessary to establish the impact of extreme temperatures on hospital admissions in order to put hospital alert plans into action for dealing with people affected by heat wave victims. METHODS: We used data on daily emergency admissions between May and September, from 1995 to 2000, in the Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara?ón in Madrid. The causes for admission were considered as 'organic' (International Classification of Diseases, ICD-9: 1-799), circulatory (ICD-9: 390-459) and respiratory (ICD-9: 460-519). We stratified them according to the following age groups: all ages, from 0 to 10, 18 to 44, 45 to 64, 65 to 74 and above 75 years. The methodology used was Autorregresive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) modelling, including variables related to atmospheric pollution, seasonality and trends. RESULTS: The results show that the temperature above which hospital admissions soar coincides with the temperature limit above which mortality sharply rises, which, in turn, coincides with percentile 95 of the maximum daily temperature series for summer months. The pattern of hospital admissions is completely different from that of mortality. The rise in hospital admissions due to all causes and age groups is clearly smaller than that detected for mortality. Discussion: These results suggest that people die rapidly from circulatory diseases before they can be admitted to hospital. This datum is vital with regard to implementing prevention plans prior to the arrival of the heat wave, if they are to effectively reduce mortality.     

Histopathology and histochemistry of insects treated with chemosterilants. VII. On the corpora cardiaca ofPeriplaneta americana (L) treated with hempa

Summary The neurosecretory granules are reduced and intrinsic cells are damaged in the corpora cardiaca of the last instar nymphs ofP. americana treated with hempa.     

体外受精-胚胎移植后宫内妊娠合并子宫肌壁间妊娠1例文献分析

目的探讨体外受精-胚胎移植(in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer,IVF-ET)术后发生宫内妊娠合并子宫肌壁间妊娠诊断、治疗及预防方法。方法回顾分析1例IVF-ET术后宫内妊娠合并子宫肌壁间妊娠诊疗经过并进行文献复习。结果患者冷冻移植2枚胚胎后妊娠,孕40 d,B超示宫内早孕合并右侧宫角肌层内妊娠,于西北妇女儿童医院行腹腔镜下子宫肌壁间妊娠清除术,术后宫内妊娠给予加强保胎治疗,现患者孕20周,宫内单胎妊娠。结论IVF-ET患者行多胚胎移植增加异位妊娠风险;IVF-ET术后宫内妊娠合并子宫肌壁间妊娠治疗方式应结合患者临床表现、辅助检查结果和患者自身意愿。