The size of the pressure-sore problem in a teaching hospital

A series of three prevalence surveys were undertaken in a teaching hospital (where medical students are taught) in the West Midlands of England to identify the numbers of patients at risk of developing pressure sores and the actual number of patients with pressure sores, prior to the purchase of pressure-relieving equipment. All in-patients were assessed using the Waterlow score. Full details of all pressure sores and any pressure-relieving equipment in use was recorded. There was a mean pressure sore prevalence of 7.32%, the prevalence for each survey being 8.77%, 5.1% and 8.1% respectively. Grades 2 and 3 were the most commonly reported grades and the sacrum was the most frequent position. It was anticipated that there would be a difference in dependency between the patient populations in each of the three surveys. This was not so and, when using the Waterlow score, the numbers of patients found to be at no risk, at risk and at high risk remained remarkably stable. Only those in the very high risk category fluctuated. It is postulated that the difference between the prevalence in the three surveys is related to the difference in the numbers of patients seen to be at very high risk. These surveys have provided a basis for selecting pressure-relieving equipment and baseline information for monitoring the efficacy of the prevention programme.     

力学公式在压疮预防教学中的应用

压疮(pressure ulcer)一直是临床护理工作中较为棘手的问题,是长期卧床病人常见的并发症之一[1].但压疮本身并不是原发疾病,大多是因为其他原发病未经很好地护理而造成的皮肤损伤.     

我院患儿发生压疮情况分析

[目的]确定患儿压疮发生率,识别患儿压疮好发部位及其与儿童生长发育的关系。[方法]对2009年—2011年965份"病人压疮风险管理记录单"进行回顾性分析。[结果]在965例压疮高风险患儿中,实际发生压疮100例,校正压疮发生率为10.36%,压疮发生率为0.18%;发生压疮的患儿中I度压疮占91.7%。婴儿头部压疮的发生率显著高于其他年龄组患儿,随着年龄的增长,压疮发生部位呈现向躯干及下肢等部位下移的趋势。[结论]压疮风险评估和预防能有效降低压疮发生率和严重度,儿科压疮的预防措施应根据儿童生长发育特点制定。     

社区卧床老年人院前压疮的危险因素分析

[目的]探讨老年病人压疮的相关因素,为制定针对性预防措施提供依据。[方法]对229例社区卧床老年病人是否发生压疮病人(年龄≥65岁)的年龄、性别、吸烟、喝酒、文化程度、居住环境、家庭经济收入、照护者与病人关系、照护者压疮知识了解情况、病人认知、卧床时间、饮食类型、人体测量指标进行分析,采用χ2检验和非条件Logistic回归分析。[结果]社区卧床老年病人院前压疮的危险因素为年龄、居住环境、照护者与病人关系、照护者压疮知识了解情况、饮食类型(P0.05)。[结论]对社区卧床老年病人,应重视压疮风险的评估,普及并强化压疮相关知识,必要时进行入户指导和一对一的培训,以减少院前压疮发生的危险因素,改善卧床老年病人的生活质量。     

护理部对压疮护理过程的监控与管理

[目的]规范压疮护理过程的监控与管理,降低压疮发生率.[方法]选取2005年1月-2008年12月全院预报压疮、难免压疮及带入压疮病人的相关资料,进行监控管理,观察难免压疮发生率及带入压疮好转率.[结果]护理人员预防压疮的意识提高,预报压疮上升,难免压疮发生率下降.[结论]监控与管理有助于预防难免压疮和压疮病人的痊愈,促进了病人的早日康复.     

术中压疮护理在手术压疮高危患者中的应用

目的术中压疮护理在手术压疮高危患者护理中的应用研究。方法选取本院进行手术的压疮高危患者106例,根据患者接受手术时间的先后分为实验组和对照组各53例,实验组患者术中给予压疮护理措施,对照组患者则遵医嘱给予常规手术护理。结果实验组患者术中压疮的发生率低于对照组,实验组患者手术室护理服务满意率高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论术中压疮护理可降低术中压疮的发生率,提升患者对手术室护理工作的满意度。     

Prediction of pressure sore development

ABSTRACT. The condition of 515 consecutive patients newly admitted to the long-term medical ward was followed weekly during a 26-week maximum observation period. A modified Norton scale consisting of eight variables and constructed as an additive scale was used. Serum albumin level and skin test on admission supplemented the information about the nutritional state. Eighty-three patients (16%) had skin lesions classified as pressure sores on admission and 39 patients (7.6%) developed pressure sores during the observation period. It could be shown that those who developed pressure sores during the observation period, had a lower functional level when they arrived and that this deteriorated up until the time that the pressure sore was recorded. It could also be demonstrated that low serum albumin and anergy, as indicators of poor nutritional status, had value as predictors for the development of pressure lesions. General physical condition, activity, mobility and nutritional status appear to be the most important factors in the development of pressure sores in this study. The systematic planning of care with special emphasis on the four above-named risk factors, can probably decrease the risk for the development of pressure sores.     

压疮的护理进展

压疮是临床常见并发症,多见于长期卧床患者。针对压疮的形成因素,根据压疮不同分期表现,采取有效的治疗、护理措施。结合近几年相关实践研究,从压疮的主要危险因素、预防、治疗等方面阐述压疮的护理进展,探讨压疮预防和治疗方法。综述了压疮有关的西药、中药、中西药结合等各种有效的治疗、护理方法,以提高患者的生活质量,不断提高护理质量。     

压疮研究进展

对不同病人群体的压疮发生率、病因与发生机制、危险因素评估方法、压疮的护理进行了综述。     

压疮研究进展

对不同病人群体的压疮发生率、病因与发生机制、危险因素评估方法、压疮的护理进行了综述。     

Using planned change to implement a pressure sore program

The establishment of a hospital-wide wound care program is a monumental endeavor requiring mobilization of all available resources. The clinical nurse specialist in a community hospital acted as a change agent to facilitate the formation of a wound care task force, development of wound care protocols and the purchase of wound care products to address the problem of pressure ulcers. With the theory of planned change as a framework, the driving and resisting forces at work are depicted and unanticipated events that speeded and impeded the change process are revealed. Collaboration between nursing and other disciplines is discussed with recommendations offered to other practitioners considering implementation of a wound care program.     

压疮的预防和治疗

压疮又称褥疮 ,是因身体局部过度受压引起血液循环障碍 ,造成皮肤及皮下组织坏死而形成。压疮不仅好发于长期卧床的患者 ,也是行动不便、长期依靠轮椅生活患者的常见并发症。压疮的存在严重影响患者的康复训练 ,给患者及家庭造成心理和经济负担 ,压疮引起的严重感染还会导致死亡。因此 ,压疮的预防和治疗在社区康复中应引起足够的重视。如果预防措施得当 ,可以减少由压疮引起的一系列不良后果 (如康复训练不能正常进行、治疗费用增加、家庭护理工作量增大、患者受负面心理影响等 ) ,提高患者的生活质量。1压疮形成的主要原因及影响压疮形成…     

Early assessment of pressure sore risk

If they are to prevent at-risk patients developing pressure sores, and ensure optimum healing time for those already existing, it is vital that nurses understand the aetiology of pressure sores and employ a system of risk assessment.