1884例住院糖尿病患者甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体阳性率检测分析

目的 探讨住院糖尿病患者甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPO-Ab)阳性率情况.方法 对1508例2型糖尿病(T2DM)、76例典型1型糖尿病(T1DM)、44例成人隐匿性自身免疫糖尿病(LADA)和256例未分型糖尿病(NTDM)患者进行TPO-Ab检测,并做好临床资料的登记和分析比对.结果 ①T2DM患者TPO-Ab的阳性率为14.59%(220/1508),典型T1DM组为42.11%(32/76)、NTDM组为31.25%(80/256)、LADA组为63.64%(28/44),与LADA组相比差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05),而与典型T1DM、NTDM组间差异无统计学意义(P均＞0.05).②LADA与NTDM组相比,年龄、病程、BMI差异均无统计学意义(P均＞0.05).结论 ①NTDM组TPO-Ab阳性率高于T2DM组,但低于典型T1DM组和LADA组.②LADA组的患者TPO-Ab阳性率最高,提示LADA与自身免疫甲状腺炎患病机制的共同性.③TPO-Ab的阳性率从T2DM、NTDM、典型T1DM及LADA呈连续递增趋势.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the positive rate of thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPO-Ab) in the diabetic in-patients. Methods The positive rates of thyroid peroxidase antibody ( TPO-Ab ) was measured in 1884 subjects, including 1508 type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ), 76 classic typetype 1 diabeties( T1 DM ), 44 latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and 256 "untype" diabetics ( NTDM ). Clinical data were registered and analyzed. Results( 1 )The positive rates of TPO-Ab were 14. 59％ in T2DM(220/1508) ,42. 11％ in T1DM (32/76) ,31.25％ in NTDM ( 80/256 ), 63.64％ in LADA group ( 28/44 ), respectively. The positive rate of T2DM was significantly lower than that of LADA ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), but no significant difference was found in the coparison between T1 DM and NTDM ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). ( 2 ) There were no significant differences between LADA and NTDM groups in the comparison of age, course of disease and BMI ( Ps ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusion ①The positive rate of TPO-Ab in NTDM was significantly higher than that of T2DM, whereas significantly lower than that of T1 DM and LADA.②The positive rate of TPO-Ab was highest in LADA, which indicate that LADA and AIT might have the common etiological mechanisms. ③There is a consisted increasing trend in the positive rate of TPO-Ab from T2DM ,NTDM,and classic T1DM to LADA.     

血清抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体和抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体测定对甲状腺疾病的临床诊断意义

目的观察血清抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体和抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体测定对甲状腺疾病的临床诊断意义。方法选择2015年1月至2016年10月到该院进行甲状腺疾病诊疗患者185例为研究组,同期该院健康体检者50例作为健康对照组。通过比较桥本甲状腺炎甲亢、桥本甲状腺炎甲减、Graves病控制、Graves病未控制、单纯性甲状腺肿和健康对照组人员的血清抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TgAb)和抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPO-Ab)水平,研究相关指标在甲状腺疾病中的阳性率。结果桥本甲状腺炎甲亢和甲减的TgAb、TPO-Ab水平与阳性检出率明显高于Graves病、单纯性甲状腺肿及健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);甲减患者的TgAb、TPO-Ab略高于甲亢患者,但两者比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。Graves病控制与未控制患者的TgAb、TPO-Ab水平和阳性检出率均高于单纯性甲状腺肿患者和健康对照组,未控制患者TgAb、TPO-Ab水平高于已经控制患者,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。单纯性甲状腺肿患者的TgAb、TPO-Ab水平和阳性检出率与健康对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 TgAb、TPO-Ab对鉴别桥本甲状腺炎患者和非桥本甲状腺炎患者的临床价值较高,能在一定程度上反应病情控制情况,为治疗方案的确定提供依据。     

桥本甲状腺炎临床综合分析

目的 提高对桥本甲状腺炎的认识。方法 对40例桥本甲状腺炎进行长期随访。结果 首诊时16例表现为甲状腺功能亢进症（甲亢）,14例甲状腺功能正常,10例诊断为甲状腺功能减退症（甲减）;有28例最终演变甲减,占70％,所有患者抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体（TPoAb）,抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体（TGAb）,抗甲状腺微粒体抗体（McAb）滴度均偏高,并有逐步升高趋势。结论 桥本甲状腺炎的甲状腺功能可正常,也可表现为甲亢或甲减,但其本身有自然发生甲减的趋势,故最终归为甲减;TPoAb、TGAb、McAb高滴度持续时间较长,可达10年以上,其峰值比发病年龄晚10－20年;肿大的甲状腺或甲状腺结节在随访中可缩小或消失。     

血清甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体在自身免疫性甲状腺疾病诊断中的应用

目的探讨甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)测定在自身免疫性甲状腺疾病中的应用。方法用电化学发光法测定130例Graves甲亢患者、117例桥本氏甲状腺炎患者、43例淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎患者、29例亚急性甲状腺炎患者、34例单纯性甲状腺肿患者、24例分化型甲状腺癌患者及63名对照者血清TPOAb的浓度,作出TPOAb诊断自身免疫性甲状腺疾病的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,并对各组TPOAb的浓度及阳性率进行比较。结果 ROC曲线下的面积为0.867,在cut-off值为33.51 IU/mL时,TPOAb诊断自身免疫性甲状腺疾病的敏感性为82%,特异性为89%;组间比较显示TPOAb浓度和阳性率在各组间差异有统计学意义(H=170.203,P<0.05;χ2=236.593,P<0.05)。两两比较显示自身免疫性甲状腺疾病各组与非自身免疫性甲状腺疾病各组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.002 4),而自身免疫性甲状腺疾病各组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.002 4)。结论 TPOAb的测定在自身免疫性甲状腺疾病的诊断中具有重要临床意义。     

桥本甲状腺炎患者外周血中B细胞的检测意义

桥本甲状腺炎（Hashintoto＇s thyroditis,HT）是一种器官特异的功能性自身免疫性疾病,病变以淋巴细胞浸润以及甲状滤泡上皮细胞破坏凋亡为主,而外周血中B淋巴细胞数量的增多与否,可对病变发展产生影响^[1]。探讨HT患者外周血中B淋巴细胞CD20^＋、CD45RA^＋与甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体（TPO-Ab）和甲状腺球蛋白抗体（TG-Ab）升高之间的关系,对于监测病变的性质可能有一定帮助。     

血清甲状腺球蛋白抗体、甲状腺微粒体抗体、甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体对自身免疫性甲状腺疾病的诊断价值

目的探讨血清甲状腺球蛋白抗体（TGAb）、甲状腺微粒体抗体（TMAb）、甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体（TPOAb）对自身免疫性甲状腺疾病（AITD）的诊断价值。方法100例甲状腺功能异常患者根据血清中三碘甲状腺原氨酸（B）、甲状腺素（Td）、促甲状腺激素（TSH）水平分为甲亢组和甲减组,每组50例;另选择50例甲状腺功能正常人群作为对照组。各组患者均采集静脉血5mL,分离血清,放射免疫法测定患者血清中TGAb、TMAb、TPOAb、L、T4、TSH水平。观察各组患者血清中TGAb、TMAb、TPOAb阳性率;比较各组TGAb、TMAb、TPOAb阳性患者血清水平。结果甲亢组和甲减组血清TPOAb阳性率均明显高于血清TGAb、TMAb阳性率;甲亢组、甲减组患者血清TGAb、TMAb、TPOAb阳性率均明显高于对照组;甲减组患者血清TGAb、TMAb、TPOAb阳性率均明显高于甲亢组。甲亢组和甲减组患者血清TGAb、TMAb、TPOAb水平均明显高于对照组。甲减组患者血清中TGAb、TMAb、TPOAb水平均明显高于甲亢组。结论TPOAb在AITD的诊断中具有重要意义,为AITD的诊断、治疗及预后评估提供了重要依据。     

孕妇甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体及促甲状腺素受体抗体与促甲状腺素筛查结果分析

妊娠合并甲状腺疾病是产科面临的难题之一.妊娠期甲状腺功能紊乱可增加流产、早产、先兆子痫和甲亢危象的发生率,并导致孕妇产后甲状腺功能紊乱以及胎儿、新生儿的甲状腺功能异常.甲状腺功能异常的孕妇在临床上并无明显的危险因素,而且其症状通常是非特异性和隐匿的,因此往往被忽视.近年研究发现,妊娠期甲状腺功能紊乱患者中,有相当一部分可能与自身免疫性因素相关,该类患者产后甲状腺功能常难以恢复,可出现自身免疫性甲状腺疾病（auto immune thyroid disease,AITD）的相应临床表现.     

抗人甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体的测定

用胰酶消化法纯化高纯度的甲状腺过氧化物酶（ＴＰＯ），建立了酶免疫法测定抗－ＴＰＯ抗体的方法。结果试验ＣＶ在８．１％￣１０．９％之间。甲亢病人血清阳性率为４２．２％，桥本氏甲状腺炎为７７．７％，ＲＡ为３．１％，ＳＬＥ为２７．８％，甲状腺瘤为４２．１％。与抗ＴＭ抗体测定的结果比较ｒ＝０．７３１。     

3种血清标志物检测在桥本甲状腺炎中的诊断探讨

目的探讨甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(anti-TPO)、甲状腺球蛋白抗体(anti-Tg)、促甲状腺激素受体抗体(TRAb)水平对桥本甲状腺的临床诊断意义。方法收集2014年1月至2015年12月在本院已确诊桥本甲状腺炎(HT)患者89例,根据其甲状腺功能分为甲状腺功能低下组(HT1)21例,甲状腺功能亢进组(HT2)9例,甲状腺功能正常组(HT3)59例;临床确认为Graves病(GD)35例;单纯性结节性甲状腺肿(SG)40例;80例来本院健康体检者作为对照组,其中男18例,女62例。用电化学发光免疫分析(CLIA)方法测定5组anti-TPO、anti-Tg、TRAb水平并统计分析。结果不同疾病患者血清中的anti-TPO、anti-Tg和TRAb水平及阳性率间差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);在HT患者中,HT1组anti-TPO水平高于HT2及HT3组,anti-Tg水平在HT1、HT2、HT3组之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05),anti-TPO和anti-Tg水平在HT组高于GD组,GD组高于SG组及健康对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P0.05),但SG组与健康对照组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。TRAb阳性率在GD组最高,与其他4组阳性率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论联合检测anti-TPO,anti-Tg是诊断HT的重要指标,TRAb对鉴别诊断HT与GD有重要意义。     

甲状腺自身抗体在桥本氏甲状腺炎及Graves病中的临床应用

目的 探讨甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体（Anti-TPO）、甲状腺球蛋白抗体（Anti-Tg）、促甲状腺素受体抗体（Anti-TSHR）在桥本氏甲状腺炎和Graves病中的临床意义,为临床提供诊断治疗辅助指标及客观依据.方法 分别检测桥本氏甲状腺炎和Graves病组及正常对照组血清中Anti-TPO、Anti-Tg、Anti-TSHR浓度,观察3个抗体检测结果的差异水平.结果 桥本氏甲状腺炎、Graves病组与正常对照组血清中Anti-TPO、Anti-Tg浓度水平差异具有统计学意义,Graves病发作组的Anti-TSHR 血清浓度水平及阳性率均明显高于正常对照组,而Graves病缓解组Anti-TSHR 测定值及阳性率明显低于发作组.结论 Anti-TPO、Anti-Tg在桥本氏甲状腺炎致病中起重要作用,而Anti-TSHR对于Graves病有较高的诊断价值,可以作为诊断Graves病的特异性指标,并对提示Graves病复发有指导意义.     

Establishing thresholds and effects of gender,age, and season for thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase antibodies by mining real-world big data

BackgroundThyroglobulin antibody (TG-Ab) and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) are cornerstone biomarkers for autoimmune thyroid diseases, and establishment of appropriate thresholds is crucial for physicians to appropriately interpret test results. Therefore, we established the thresholds of TG-Ab and TPO-Ab in the Chinese population through analysis of real-world big data, and explored the influence of age, gender, and seasonal factors on their levels.MethodsThe data of 35,869 subjects downloaded from electronic health records were analyzed after filtering based on exclusion criteria and outliers. The influence of each factor on antibody levels was analyzed by stratification. Thresholds of TG-Ab and TPO-Ab were established through Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute document C28-A3 and National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry (NACB) guidelines, respectively.ResultsThere were significant differences according to gender after age stratification; the level of TG-Ab gradually increased with age in females. There were significant differences in TG-Ab and TPO-Ab distributions with respect to age after gender stratification. Moreover, differences were observed between seasons for TG-Ab and TPO-Ab. The thresholds of TG-Ab and TPO-Ab were 107 [90% confidence interval (CI):101–115] IU/mL and 29 (90% CI: 28–30) IU/mL, respectively, using C28-A3 guidelines, but were 84 (90% l CI: 50–126) IU/mL and 29 (90% CI: 27–34) IU/mL, respectively, using NACB guidelines.ConclusionThe levels of TG-Ab and TPO-Ab were significantly affected by gender, age, and season. The thresholds for TG-Ab and TPO-Ab for the Chinese population were established by big data analysis.     

细胞趋化因子受体-5和CD57在自身免疫性甲状腺疾病中的表达及意义

目的通过观察滤泡辅助T细胞（Tfh细胞）相关因子细胞趋化因子受体_5（CXCR5）及CD57在桥本甲状腺炎及Graves病患者甲状腺的表达,探讨个m细胞在自身免疫性甲状腺疾病发生中的作用。方法利用免疫组织化学sP法检测CXCR5、CD57在15例桥本甲状腺炎及18例Graves病患者甲状腺的表达,以10例正常甲状腺组织为对照组。结果CXCR5、CD57在桥本甲状腺炎及Graves病主要表达于浸润淋巴细胞的胞膜和胞质,CXCR5阳性率分别为93．3％（14／15）和88．9％（16／18）,CD57表达的阳性率分别为93．3％（14／15）和83．3％（15／18）,均显著高于正常对照（P均〈0．05）,两种分子在桥本甲状腺炎和Graves病中的表达差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论CXCR5及CD57主要表达在甲状腺组织浸润的淋巴细胞的胞质和胞膜,且在两种自身免疫性甲状腺疾病中的表达呈现一致性,提示Tfh细胞参与了自身免疫性甲状腺疾病的发生。     

Influence of thyroxine on serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor alpha levels in thyroid disorders

BACKGROUND: Activation of cell-mediated immunity by soluble interleukin-2 receptor alpha (sIL-2Ralpha) release is well documented. The aim of this study was to measure serum concentrations of sIL-2Ralpha in patients with autoimmune and non-autoimmune thyroid disorders in different stages of thyroid function, before and after administration of l-thyroxine (l-T4) and its discontinuation as well as before and during methimazole administration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 80 females: 16 with Graves' disease, 15 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and subclinical hypothyroidism, 14 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis with fibrosis and clinical hypothyroidism, 20 after subtotal thyroidectomy following nodular non-toxic goitre and 15 healthy controls. Patients were examined at two different time points. Serum concentrations of sIL-2Ralpha were measured with the use of enzyme immunoassay technique. RESULTS: Souble IL-2Ralpha serum concentration increased in patients with untreated Graves' disease and decreased after methimazole treatment. In Hashimoto's thyroiditis, the sIL-2Ralpha level was within the normal range, in Hashimoto's thyroiditis with clinical hypothyreosis it was low and after l-T4 administration it increased in both patient groups. After thyroidectomy, patients treated with l-T4, had increased levels of sIL-2Ralpha which decreased after discontinuation of therapy. There were a significant positive correlation between sIL-2Ralpha and free thyroxine in patients with (i). Graves' disease both before and after methimazole administration, (ii). Hashimoto's thyroiditis (with subclinical hypothyroidism) both before and after l-T4 therapy, (iii). Hashimoto's thyroiditis with fibrosis and (iv). overt hypothyroidism before l-T4 administration and in individuals during long-term l-T4 treatment (after subtotal thyroidectomy). CONCLUSION: Serum sIL-2Ralpha concentration in autoimmune thyroid diseases depends on thyroid function. In both autoimmune and non-autoimmune thyroid diseases, thyroxine stimulates the release of sIL-2Ralpha.     

Interleukin-2, soluble interleukin-2 receptor and tumor necrosis factor in sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Summary Interleukin-2 (IL-2), soluble interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) have been measured in sera from 47 patients affected by classic rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The patients were divided into 4 groups as follows: group A, 18 patients with inactive disease; group B, 19 patients with active disease under treatment with non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) and second-line drugs; group C, 5 patients with active disease under treatment with NSAID and cyclosporine A (CSA) for at least 4 months; group D, 5 patients in the same condition as patients of group C, but treated with azathioprine (AZA) instead of CSA. IL-2 was undetectable in all patients except two, both characterized by active disease. Soluble IL-2R levels were above the upper limit of the normal range in most of the patients studied, but the mean value (±1 SD) was significantly higher in patients of group B (1,288±421 U/ml) than in patients of group A (686±205 U/ml) and group C (842±414 U/ml). In two patients affected by active RA treated with pulse methylprednisolone therapy (1 g/day for 3 alternate days) the values of soluble IL-2R dropped from 948 to 662 U/ml and from 660 to 518 U/ml, respectively. No statistically significant correlation was observed between the serum level of IL-2R and the RF titre or percentage of C1q-binding activity, respectively. TNF was found within the normal range in all patients except one, who was characterized by active arthritis, high number of rheumatoid skin nodules and extremely high RF titre. Since this patient was not responsive to second- and third-line drugs, an immunomodulatory therapy with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulins was established. Following such treatment a transient clinical improvement as well as a drop in TNF level and RF titre were observed.     

超声造影与超声弹性成像评价桥本甲状腺炎背景下甲状腺癌及颈部淋巴结转移的价值

目的：探索超声造影与超声弹性成像对桥本甲状腺炎（HT）背景下甲状腺癌的评价及颈部淋巴结转移相关。方法：选取的137例HT背景下甲状腺病变患者均在2021年1月至2022年3月期间收集,均进行超声弹性成像、超声造影检查,经ROC曲线分析超声弹性成像、造影诊断效能。同时针对HT背景下甲状腺癌患者有无颈部淋巴结转移分为两组,即有转移组（n=41）,无转移组（n=38）,比较两组超声定量参数,且经相关性分析超声定量参数与甲状腺癌颈部淋巴结转移相关性。结果：超声造影诊断HT背景下甲状腺病变准确率84.67%,超声弹性成像诊断准确率72.99%,两项联合诊断准确率94.16%,经ROC曲线分析,超声弹性成像、超声造影、两项联合诊断HT背景下甲状腺癌的AUC分别为0.727、0.844、0.940。有转移组患者TTP（14.32±4.58）s、MTT（28.46±8.42）s低于无转移组,弹性比值（2.51±0.51）高于无转移组（P＜0.05）,经Spearman法分析,TTP、MTT与颈部淋巴结转移呈负相关,与弹性比值呈正相关;经ROC曲线分析,TTP、MTT、弹性比值、三项联合早期诊断HT背景下甲状腺癌颈部淋巴结转移的AUC分别为0.788、0.772、0.767、0.948。结论：超声弹性成像联合超声造影诊断HT背景下甲状腺癌以及颈部淋巴结转移情况具有较高效能,对临床有一定指导价值。 【关键词】：超声造影;超声弹性成像;桥本甲状腺炎;甲状腺癌;颈部淋巴结转移;相关     

Helicobacter pylori infection enhances mucosal interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and the soluble receptor of interleukin-2

It is thought thatHelicobacter pylori colonization of the gastric mucosa might stimulate the production of several cytokines, which might trigger and maintain the gastric inflammation associated withHelicobacter pylori infection. In the present study we evaluated interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and the soluble receptor of interleukin-2 both in mucosal homogenates and in the sera ofHelicobacter pylori-infected (39 cases) and uninfected (40 cases) patients to investigate whether there was any relationship between variations in cytokines and (1) the severity ofHelicobacter pylori-associated gastritis or (2) CagA-positiveHelicobacter pylori strains. Mucosal, but not serum levels of interleukins-1 and-6 and interleukin-2 receptor were significantly higher in infected than uninfected patients, Serum levels ofHelicobacter pylori antibodies were significantly higher in infected than uninfected patients, These levels correlated with mucosal interleukin-1β. The degree of antral or body inflammatory grade was higher in infected than in uninfected patients; cytokines levels were higher in patients with high-grade gastritis, most of whom wereHelicobacter pylori positive. Patients infected with CagA-positive strains also had higher levels of interleukin-1β, but not of interleukin-2 receptor or interleukin-6. In conclusion,Helicobacter pylori infection results in a local increase in interleukins-1β and-6 and interleukin-2 receptor associated with high-grade mucosal inflammation. Interleukin-1β seems to favor anti-Helicobacter pylori antibody production, and mucosal levels are enhanced mainly in patients infected with cytotoxicHelicobacter pylori strains.     

半乳糖凝集素3、细胞角蛋白19及甲状腺过氧化物酶在甲状腺乳头状癌中的表达及意义

目的 检测半乳糖凝集素3（Galectin-3）、细胞角蛋白19（CK19）和甲状腺过氧化物酶（TPO）在甲状腺腺瘤（TA）、结节性甲状腺肿伴乳头状增生（NGWPH）和甲状腺乳头状癌（PTC）中的表达状况,探讨三种抗体联合检测在甲状腺乳头状癌的早期诊断及良恶性病变鉴别诊断中的临床价值.方法 采用EliVisionTM plus两步免疫组化方法,检测Galectin-3、CK19和TPO在55例PTC、40例NGWPH和40例TA中的表达状况.结果 在55例PTC中,Galectin-3、CK19和TPO阳性率分别为92.73％、96.36％、18.18％.Galectin-3、CK19在PTC组中的阳性表达率显著高于NGWPH和TA组（P＜0.01）;而TPO在PTC组中的阳性表达率显著低于NGWPH和TA组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;在PTC组中Galectin-3、CK19及TPO联合检测的阳性率高于NGWPH和TA组,三种抗体同时表达在PTC与甲状腺良性疾病之间的差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论 Galectin-3、CK19和TPO联合检测更有助于PTC的准确诊断,为临床治疗提供可靠的依据.     

Effects of vitamin D on thyroid autoimmunity markers in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo perform a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on thyroid autoimmunity markers in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT).MethodsThis meta-analysis included randomized controlled clinical trials identified by a systematic search of electronic databases (PubMed®, MEDLINE®, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure) from inception to August 2020. All studies included patients with HT that received vitamin D supplementation irrespective of the doses administered or the duration of treatment. The primary and secondary outcome measures were thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and/or thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) titres.ResultsEight studies (n = 652) were included. There was significant heterogeneity between the studies. Using a random-effect model, vitamin D supplementation reduced TPOAb titre (standardized mean difference [SMD]: –1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1–1.92, –0.29) and TGAb titre (SMD: –1.12; 95% CI: –1.96, –0.28). A subgroup analysis demonstrated that vitamin D supplementation for >3 months resulted in a decrease in TPOAb titre (SMD: –1.66, 95% CI: –2.91, –0.41) but treatment ≤3 months was ineffective. Treatment with vitamin D₃ decreased TPOAb titre (SMD: –1.48; 95% CI: –2.53, –0.42) whereas vitamin D did not.ConclusionThese data suggest that vitamin D reduces autoantibody titre in patients with HT.