生长激素对小鼠增殖期子宫内膜厚度及VEGF EGF IGF-Ⅰ表达的影响

目的 观察生长激素(GH)对小鼠增生期子宫内膜厚度及VEGF、EGF、IGF-Ⅰ表达的影响,探讨GH对子宫内膜微环境的影响.方法 随机将50只小鼠分成两组.实验组为注射GH组,对照组为注射生理盐水(NS)组.用免疫组化方法检测子宫内膜VEGF、EGF、IGF-Ⅰ的表达,利用多功能图像分析仪测量子宫内膜厚度.结果 两组的子宫内膜厚度比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05)(GH组412.86±0.70 μm,对照组381.27±0.35 μm).GH组VEGF、EGF、IGF-Ⅰ的表达呈强阳性,而对照组的表达弱于实验组,两组差异有显著性(P＜0.05).结论 生长激素可以促进小鼠子宫内膜增生,改善子宫内膜的厚度,提高一些相关生长因子的表达,从而改善子宫内膜的微环境.     

生长激素对小鼠增殖期子宫内膜厚度及VEGF EGF IGF-I表达的影响

目的观察生长激素(GH)对小鼠增生期子宫内膜厚度及VEGF、EGF、IGF-I表达的影响,探讨GH对子宫内膜微环境的影响。方法随机将50只小鼠分成两组。实验组为注射GH组,对照组为注射生理盐水(NS)组。用免疫组化方法检测子宫内膜VEGF、EGF、IGF-I的表达,利用多功能图像分析仪测量子宫内膜厚度。结果两组的子宫内膜厚度比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)(GH组412.86±0.70μm,对照组381.27±0.35μm)。GH组VEGF、EGF、IGF-I的表达呈强阳性,而对照组的表达弱于实验组,两组差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论生长激素可以促进小鼠子宫内膜增生,改善子宫内膜的厚度,提高一些相关生长因子的表达,从而改善子宫内膜的微环境。     

症状性子宫肌瘤子宫内膜中VEGF、bFGF表达的实验研究

目的 研究子宫肌瘤子宫内膜中血骨内皮生长因子(VEGF)、成纤维生长因子(bFGF)的表达,揭示症状性子宫肌瘤子宫内膜内环境的改变.方法 将子宫肌瘤65例患者根据有无月经过多的症状分为2组(A组:症状性子宫肌瘤组;B组:无症状性子宫肌瘤组),各组再根据子宫内膜病理类型进行组内分型.C组:正常子宫内膜作为对照组共12例.用免疫组化技术检测VEGF、bFGF在3组子宫内膜中表达水平.结果 VEGF及bFGF在3组子宫内膜中均有表达,VEGF、bFGF在A组子宫内膜增生期、分泌期中的表达水平高于B组及C组同型子宫内膜,差异有显著性(P＜0.05);在A组单纯性增生过长和复杂性增生过长子宫内膜中的表达水平显著低于A组及B组、C组增生期, 差异有显著性(P＜0.01).在B组与C组同型子宫内膜中的表达水平,差异无显著性 (P＞0.05).A组增生过长、增生期和分泌期子宫内膜中VEGF表达水平与bFGF表达水平呈显著正相关(r=0.829,P＜0.05;r=0.798,P＜0.01;r=0.626,P＜0.05).结论 子宫内膜内环境异常是子宫肌瘤患者产生月经过多的原因.VEGF、bFGF作为促血管生成因子发挥着重要作用.     

生长激素对小鼠子宫内膜容受性的影响

目的观察生长激素对着床期小鼠子宫内膜组织LIF、整合素仅αvβ3,及MMP-9表达的影响,以探讨改善子宫内膜容受性的方法。方法随机将50只雌性小鼠平均分成两组,对照组为生理盐水（NS）组,实验组为生长激素（GH）组,取妊娠第4d子宫内膜,用免疫组化技术检测子宫内膜LIF、整合素αvβ3及MMP-9的表达。结果GH组子宫内膜LIF、整合素αvβ3,及MMP-9的表达呈强阳性,NS组表达弱于GH组,两组差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论生长激素可以增强着床期子宫内膜LIF、整合素αvβ3,及MMP-9的表达,从而改善子宫内膜容受性,提高临床妊娠率。     

血管生成因子在子宫内膜异位症组织中的表达及相关研究

目的：探究表皮生长因子（EGF）、成纤维细胞生长因子（FGF）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF‐α）和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）在子宫内膜异位症组织中的表达情况,并探讨其在子宫内膜异位症的发病机制。方法选取45例子宫内膜异位症患者和45例正常子宫内膜患者作为观察组和对照组,采用免疫组化S P法检测观察组患者的在位内膜、异位内膜及对照组正常子宫内膜组中EG F、FG F、TNF‐α和VEGF的表达情况,并进行相关性分析。结果观察组患者在位内膜、异位内膜中 EGF、FGF的阳性率以及观察组TNF‐α和VEGF的灰度值均高于正常对照组（P＜0．05）,且观察组异位内膜中EGF及FGF的阳性率也较在位内膜组高。结论 EGF、FGF、TNF‐α和VEGF在子宫内膜异位症组织中呈较高表达,与子宫内膜异位的血管生成有较高的相关性。     

ER-α、PR、Ki-67和VEGF在子宫内膜息肉术后复发的表达及意义

目的 探讨雌激素受体α亚型(ER-α)、孕激素受体(PR)、细胞增殖核抗原(Ki-67)和血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)的异常表达与子宫内膜息肉(EP)形成及术后复发的关系.方法 运用荧光定量PCR的方法测定复发子宫内膜息肉及息肉周围正常内膜、初发息肉及息肉周围正常内膜、正常宫腔内膜组织(对照组)中ER-α、PR、Ki-67和VEGF的基因表达量.结果 ①复发EP组ER-α、Ki-67、VEGF表达高于对照组(P＜0.05),PR表达低于对照组(P＜0.05).②初发EP组ER-α、Ki-67、VEGF表达高于对照组(P＜0.05),PR表达低于对照组(P＜0.05).③复发EP组与初发EP组ER-α、Ki-67、VEGF、PR的表达无显著性差异(P＞0.05).④复发息肉周围正常内膜组、初发息肉周围正常内膜组与对照组ER-α、Ki-67、VEGF、PR的表达无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论 生育期妇女子宫内膜息肉的发病及复发可能与ERα、Ki-67、VEGF高表达,PR低表达有关.     

机械加载对大鼠薄型子宫内膜的修复作用

摘要：目的 探究脉冲式机械加载对薄型子宫内膜的疗效。方法 30只雌性SD大鼠随机分成假手术组（Sham 组）、薄型子宫内膜模型组（TE组）和机械加载治疗组（TE+L组），每组10只。在动情期采用95%乙醇宫腔注射法建 立薄型子宫内膜模型，Sham组宫腔注射生理盐水，TE+L组造模次日接受机械加载，加载力为5 N，频率为15 Hz，时间 为5 min/d，连续治疗15 d。HE染色观察子宫内膜组织形态变化，测量子宫内膜厚度、子宫内膜面积和腺体数目，免 疫组化染色法检测血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和细胞增殖核抗原（Ki-67）的表达。结果 子宫组织学结果显示，TE 组子宫内膜厚度、子宫内膜面积和腺体数目较Sham组明显减少（P＜0.05），而TE+L组子宫内膜厚度、子宫内膜面积 和腺体数目较TE组明显增加（P＜0.05）。免疫组化染色结果显示，TE组子宫内膜中VEGF和Ki-67蛋白的阳性表达 率较Sham组显著降低（P＜0.05）。经过机械加载治疗后，TE+L组子宫内膜中VEGF和Ki-67蛋白的阳性表达率较TE 组显著升高（P＜0.05）。结论 机械加载能够有效修复大鼠薄型子宫内膜，该作用可能与机械加载促进子宫内膜的 细胞增殖和血管生成有关。     

手术彻底切除EMs病灶联合药物治疗对子宫内膜异位症患者在位子宫内膜的影响

目的 分析手术彻底切除子宫内膜异位症(EMs)病灶后联合药物治疗对EMs患者在位子宫内膜的影响.方法选取我院患有子宫内膜异位症25例患者为研究对象,同期选择健康育龄妇女25例为对照组,比较两组对象在术前、术后18个月的白细胞介素-8 mRNA(IL-8 mRNA)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)以及血管内皮生长因子蛋白(VEGF)水平.结果术前病例组在位内膜IL-8 mRNA表达率显著高于健康组,且增生期、分泌期均显著高于健康组(P<0.05);术前及术前增生期、分泌期病例组MMP-9、VEGF阳性表达率均显著高于健康组,且术前阳性表达率高于术后18个月(P<0.05),增生期与分泌期无显著差异(P>0.05).结论EMs患者存在在位子宫内膜异常情况,手术联合药物治疗EMs可显著改善EMs患者在位子宫内膜微环境,改善患者预后.     

VEGF在不同部位子宫内膜异位症中的表达及意义

目的探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在不同部位子宫内膜异位症中的表达及意义。方法选择子宫内膜异位症组织标本40例为研究组(盆腔外特殊部位的子宫内膜异位症15例;卵巢子宫内膜异位症异位内膜25例,其中同期在位内膜20例);正常子宫内膜20例为对照组,应用免疫组化EnvisionTM二步法检测VEGF在不同部位子宫内膜异位中的表达,研究VEGF在子宫内膜异位症中的相关性以及与临床分期的关系。结果 VEGF阳性表达主要见于子宫内膜间质血管内皮细胞和腺上皮细胞的胞浆。(1)盆腔外异位病灶中VEGF表达高于卵巢异位内膜(P<0.05),与正常子宫内膜相比差异有极显著性(P<0.005);(2)卵巢异位内膜VEGF表达与同期在位内膜相比,表达增高,差异有显著性(P<0.05),且明显高于正常内膜(P<0.005);(3)在位内膜与正常子宫内膜相比,VEGF表达差异无显著性(P>0.05),在位内膜和正常内膜中增生期与分泌期VEGF表达无显著性差异(P>0.05)。VEGF的表达与子宫内膜异位症临床分期无明显相关性。结论盆腔外子宫内膜异位症、卵巢子宫内膜异位症的异位内膜中存在VEGF的高表达,可能导致了血管生成,利于种植及生长,可能成为内异症早期诊断的指标。     

宫腔镜子宫内膜息肉切除术联合内美通治疗子宫内膜息肉的效果评价

目的 探讨采用宫腔镜子宫内膜息肉切除术联合内美通治疗子宫内膜息肉的有效性.方法 选取2014年2月至2015年6月期间本院收治的子宫内膜息肉患者98例,均采用宫腔镜子宫内膜息肉切除术进行治疗,按照术后处理方法的不同将其分为观察组和对照组,其中对照组患者术后接受常规处理,观察组则加用内美通进行治疗,对两组患者子宫内膜厚度、月经经期及复发情况进行观察记录.结果 两组患者在术后随访期间其子宫内膜厚度均呈现小幅度增厚趋势,但尚不明显.其中在不同随访时间点观察组患者的子宫内膜厚度[(2.9±0.6)mm、(2.8±0.6)mm、(2.9±0.5)mm]均明显小于对照组[(3.5±0.8)mm、(3.7±0.7)m mm、(3.7±0.8)mm],差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05);在不同随访时间点,观察组患者月经经期[(7.2±2.3)d、(7.2±2.5)d、(7.1±2.0)d]均明显短于对照组[(8.6±3.8)d、(8.5±3.9)d、(8.8±3.5)d],差异均有统计学意义(均P＜ 0.05);观察组患者的术后复发率明显低于对照组(2.04％比14.29％),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 在子宫内膜息肉患者接受宫腔镜子宫内膜切除术后给予其内美通治疗,可有效降低术后复发率,促进患者子宫内膜功能改善,建议在临床进一步推广应用.     

Economic Reform,Growth and Convergence in China

Summary In this paper, we propose a new concept of convergence which is based on the metric entropy measure recently proposed by Granger et al. (2004, Journal of Time Series Analysis 25, 649–69) to investigate economic convergence in China. This entropy measure compares whole distributions of growth rates across individual provinces. Separately, based on this same entropy measure, we also implement cluster analysis to identify any convergence clubs. Our four main conclusions are: (1) while we certainly reject the null hypothesis that there exists a nationwide convergence, we do find that there exist convergence clubs for both the pre‐ and post‐reform periods, (2) we find a number of very small convergence clubs. In particular, there are eleven and six convergence clubs for the pre‐ and post‐reform periods, respectively, (3) in comparing the number and size of convergence clubs for both the pre‐ and post‐reform periods, it could be argued that the extent of convergence is more prevalent during the post‐reform period than during the pre‐reform period and (4) convergence groups cannot be simply characterized by such unique features as region or the extent of policy preference level that are commonly used in the literature.     

生长激素治疗生长激素缺乏症的时机探讨及疗效观察

目的 :观察重组人生长激素 (r hGH)治疗原发性生长激素缺乏 (GHD)患儿的临床疗效 ,并探讨治疗的最佳时机。方法 :用r hGH治疗 18例GHD患者 1年 ,对比治疗前后生长指标的变化及不同骨龄阶段的生长效果。结果 :治疗后患者身高标准差积分、生长速度 (GV)、身高年龄 (HA)及骨龄 (BA)较治疗前明显增加 (P <0 0 1) ,其中以治疗开始后的前 6月身高增长最快 ,相应骨龄的增长也最快。小骨龄组的患者GV、△HA及△BA明显快于大骨龄组。结论 :GH能有效的促进GHD患儿身高增长 ,GHD患儿宜尽早给予GH治疗。     

The effect of IV l-tryptophan on prolactin,growth hormone,and mood in healthy subjects

In order to assess the effects of increased CNS serotonergic function in humans on prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), and mood, IV l-tryptophan (TRP) was administered to ten healthy subjects. The TRP infusion induced robust increases in PRL in all ten subjects. A significant increase in GH concentration was also observed, although the response was more variable. The subjects reported feeling significantly more high, mellow, and drowsy following the TRP infusion in comparison to placebo. These findings indicate an important role for serotonin in PRL and GH secretion, as well as in mood regulation. The IV TRP challenge may be of use in the study of serotonergic function in a variety of neurologic and psychiatric diseases.     

Effect of Psychic Stress of Examination on Serum Growth Hormone,Serum Insulin,and Plasma Renin Activity

Abstract The levels of serum human growth hormone (HGH), immunoreactive insulin (IRI), blood glucose (BG), and plasma renin activity (PRA) in a total of 131 healthy voluntary medical students and in 83 control subjects were studied to find out whether the psychic stress of examination in pharmacology can affect the release of these hormones. The mean HGH level rose by 33 per cent after a written interim examination (P < 0.05) and by 49 per cent (P < 0.01) after a final oral examination. The mean IRI level rose by 45 per cent (P < 0.01) after a written examination and by 43 per cent (P < 0.01) after an oral examination. The mean BG level did not vary significantly. The rise in HGH and IRI was higher after short examination periods (< 60 minutes) than after longer examinations (< 90 minutes). The mean PRA rose by 44 per cent (P < 0.05) after a written and by 27 per cent (P < 0.05) after an oral examination, but the mean values of PRA after an examination were, however, within the normal range.     

Effects of manganese,glucose and isoprenaline on the action potential of anoxic ventricular muscle

Summary In order to get insight into the synthesis rates occuring in mammalian embryos during the phase of differentiation, wet and dry weight as well as DNA-, RNA-, and nitrogen content of the whole implantation site (day 7 to 10 of gestation) and of the embryos (day 11 to 14) have been determined.Growth of the whole implantation site (day 7 to 10) proceeds almost linearly: Within a 24-h period the weight increases about 2-fold. The growth of the embryos, however, is found to be different in each 24-h period between day 8 and 14. All synthesis processes proceed at an extremely rapid rate between day 9 and 12 of gestation. The weight of embryos shows a 6-fold rise between day 11 and 12, the increase being even more pronounced on the preceding days. Growth and increase in cell mass are essentially due to cell division, since DNA content and weight change in a parallel way. Data on the nitrogen content per embryo show that the protein synthesis keeps pace with the rapid cell division.Using pure nuclear fractions isolated from 11- to 14-day-old embryos the average distribution of RNA within the cells can be estimated.The increase in the number of cells within a 24-h period is calculated from the average DNA content per embryo and the average DNA content per nucleus measured in isolated nuclei. The DNA content per nucleus of 12- to 14-day-old rat embryos is found to be almost twice (12±0.5 pg) that of diploid nuclei (6.7–7.2 pg). This inducates that a high percentage of the cells are in the late S-phase or in the G₂-phase. The growth rate of the embryos between day 8 and 14 of gestation is calculated from the 24-h rate of increase in cell number which is obtained either biochemically or in the earlier stage of embryonic development with morphological studies. Some peculiarities of the duration of the cell cycle of the rapidly growing tissue are discussed.This work was generously supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft given to the Sonderforschungsbereich 29, Embryonale Entwicklung und Differenzierung (Embryonal-Pharmakologie).     

Using zebrafish to assess the effect of chronic,early developmental exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin

Environmental contaminants can deleteriously affect aquatic animals. One such contaminant is 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a long-prescribed chemotherapeutic drug. Leucovorin (LV) is co-administered with 5-FU, potentiating its effects. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae were reared in ng/L treatments of either 5-FU, LV, or a combined 5-FU/LV mixture for 8 dy. Survival was measured daily and swimming behavior assessed every other day. After 8 dy, larval length was measured, and densitometry of p53-labeled cryostat sections determined the extent of apoptosis. No significant differences in survival or apoptosis were found; larvae in the highest concentrations were largest. Changes in behavior of 5-FU-treated larvae were based on exposure duration; changes in LV-treated larvae were affected by drug concentration and duration. Larvae co-exposed to 5-FU/LV had responses like 5-FU-treated larvae. Overall, early developmental exposure of zebrafish larvae to environmentally-relevant concentrations of 5-FU and LV did not adversely affect survival, growth, and behavior suggesting realistic concentrations are sublethal and non-toxic.     

Neuroendocrine profile of SDZ HDC-912 and OPC-4392, two new atypical antipsychotic drugs,in schizophrenic patients

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary dopaminergic system of two new atypical antipsychotic drugs: the ergoline derivative SDZ HDC-912, which is a dopamine (DA) D₂ receptor partial agonist; and the quinolinone derivative OPC-4392, which acts as an agonist at presynaptic DA autoreceptors and as an antagonist at postsynaptic D₂ receptors. The effects of both compounds were compared to the effects of the benzamide derivative amisulpride. Prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) levels before and after challenge with apomorphine (Apo), a dopaminergic agonist, were determined after at least 2 weeks washout and again after 1 month of treatment in DSM-III-R schizophrenic inpatients. SDZ HDC-912 significantly decreased Apo-induced PRL inhibition, and tended to decrease PRL secretion and Apo-induced GH stimulation. OPC-4392 induced a significant decrease in baseline PRL and in Apo-induced PRL suppression, and a non-significant decrease in Apo-induced GH stimulation. The neuroendocrine profiles of these two compounds agree with their dopaminergic properties; however, the decrease in PRL basal level differentiates the two drugs from neuroleptic agents.     

HIE新生儿血清食欲素、生长激素及瘦素水平变化

目的：探讨缺氧缺血性脑病（HIE）新生儿食欲素、生长激素及瘦素水平变化。方法选择HIE患儿58例为研究对象,其中轻度28例,中度22例,重度8例。另设对照组30例。检测各新生儿出生后24h食欲素、生长激素以及瘦素水平,分析HIE对患儿食欲素、生长激素以及瘦素的影响。结果轻度HIE患儿食欲素较对照组轻度升高,生长激素和瘦素较对照组轻度下降,无显著性差异（P＞0.05）。随着病情加重,中度HIE患儿和重度HIE患儿食欲素显著升高,生长激素和瘦素显著下降,与对照组比较,有显著性差异（P＜0.01）。结论 HIE患儿血清食欲素水平显著升高,瘦素和生长激素水平显著下降。     

GHRP-6对培养的垂体生长激素腺瘤和正常胚胎垂体细胞促GH分泌特征

目的　研究人工合成的生长激素释放剂GHRP 6对体外培养的人垂体生长激素腺瘤细胞GH分泌影响 ,并分析其可能的临床意义。方法　用原代细胞培养技术 ,观察了 6例垂体GH腺瘤细胞和 4例正常胚胎垂体细胞对GHRP 6、生长释放激素 (GH releasinghormone,GHRH)和生长抑素 (somatostatin ,SS)的体外分泌效应。 结果　GHRP 6对所有 6例GH腺瘤细胞GH分泌表现出明显的刺激效应 (P <0 0 1) ,但远不如正常垂体细胞敏感 ,但GH腺瘤细胞对持续的GHRP 6刺激反应时间延长。GHRH和SS仅对部分GH腺瘤细胞有作用 ,且SS不能完全阻断GHRP 6对于GH分泌的刺激效应。结论　GH腺瘤细胞对于体外GHRP 6持续刺激的异常反应 ,表明垂体GH腺瘤中可能存在GH释放剂受体 (GHS R)所固有的负反馈机制———“脱敏”机制的减弱 ,且与肿瘤发病机制有关