中国男性青年军人对同性恋者及其服兵役的态度

目的 评价中国男性青年军人对同性恋者及同性恋者服兵役的态度.方法 随机整群抽取1368名南京军区陆军某部现役男性青年军人,采用军人对男/女同性恋者的态度量表(ATLG)(中文版)及军人对军队中的同性恋者的态度量表(ATHM)(中文版)进行测最,并对其结果进行统计分析.结果 ATLG量表最低分22,最高分80,平均(45.59±7.90)分;ATHM量表最低分14,最高分为53,平均(29.43±6.56)分;中国男性青年军人对男、女同性恋者均持否定的态度,尤其对男同性恋者更加反感(t=7.212,P=0.000);未发现ATLG量表、ATHM量表评分与年龄、军龄、职别、是否独生子女及受教育程度存在相关;ATLG评分与ATHM评分间存在正相关(r=0.491,P<0.01).结论 中国当代军人对同性恋者服役的态度既表示轻度支持,存在较高的宽容度,同时又感到与同性恋者在一起"不舒服",且这种反感多表现在道德及社会舆论范畴.     

Prevalence of early stages of chronic kidney disease in healthy army personnel

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Screening and detection of early stages of CKD can help institute interventions that may delay the progression of the disease. One aim was to study the prevalence of early stages of CKD in the Army.Methods: A cross-sectional study ofArmy Personnel in an Army cantt in Central India was carried out. All participants filled a structured questionnaire and anthropometric data was collected. Investigative profile included routine urine exam, semi-quantitative microalbuminuria (MAU), serum creatinine, lipid profile and fasting blood glucose. Glomerular Filteration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Diseases (MDRD) study equation.Result: A total of 1920 subjects were examined with 731 (38.07%) from Arms and 1189 (6I.93%) from Services. 348 were excluded and of the remaining 1572 subjects, 141 (8.97%) had MAU and 157 (9.99%) had deranged Albumin Creatinine Ratio (ACR). Mean eGFR by MDRD equation was 102 ± 25.84 ml/min/1.73m². Early CKD was seen in 150 (9.54%) with 84 (5.34%) in stage I CKD, 55 (3.5%) in stage II and 11 (0.7%) in stage III. Multiple logistic regression showed BMI > 23, the presence of DM and HTN were independent risk factors for CKD.Conclusion: 9.54 % of healthy army personnel were found to have early stages of CKD. Institution of screening programs can result in early detection of CKD.     

长时间远航舰船官兵牙周病状况调查

目的 调查了解长时间远航舰船官兵牙周健康状况.方法 对比检查参与长时间远航的132名舰船官兵航行前后的菌斑指数(PLI)、出血指数(BI)、探诊深度(PD)、附着丧失(AL)的情况,对比分析远航前后牙周炎患病程度的差别.结果 远航前后比较,其中BI、PD差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),PLI、AL差异有统计学意义(P...     

显微镜下经腹股沟途径与传统Palomo精索静脉结扎术治疗陆军精索静脉曲张患者术后并发症的比较

目的应用显微镜下保留精索动脉、淋巴的精索静脉高位结扎术与传统的Palomo术治疗陆军精索静脉曲张患者,并对两
种术式的术后并发症进行比较。方法选择原发性精索静脉曲张陆军患者260例,根据手术方式随机分为显微镜下经腹股沟途
径高选择性保留精索内动脉、淋巴管的精索静脉高位结扎术组（A组,130例）和传统Palomo术组（B组,130例）。比较两组术后
阴囊水肿、睾丸疼痛、睾丸萎缩、复发等并发症情况。结果经过1 年随访,A、B组术后出现阴囊水肿发生率为3.1%（4/130）、
14.6%（19/130）,术后睾丸疼痛缓解率分别为90.7%（118/130）、67.7%（88/130）,术后睾丸萎缩发生率分别为0.7%（1/130）、3.1%
（4/130）,A、B组间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;术后复发的发生率分别为5.3%（7/130）、3.8%（5/130）,A、B组间比较差异无
统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论原发性精索静脉曲张陆军患者,选择在显微镜下保留精索内动脉、淋巴管的精索静脉高位结扎术,
术后阴囊水肿、睾丸疼痛、睾丸萎缩的发生率明显降低,而术后复发的机会并未增加。
     

军人战争心理创伤特点研究与展望

War psychic trauma refers to adverse psychological reactions caused by body damage because of the battlefield environment,military operations and weapons,or psychological dysfunction caused by some kind of strong emotional damage during wartime.Based on the data about the psychic trauma in 6 wars across the modern world,we analyzed the types of war psychic trauma and subdivided the types from the single dimension of body and mind to body-psychology-mental dimensional segmentation,which mainly manifested as fear,depression,post-traumatic stress disorder,and alcohol dependence,etc.As high-tech weapons and equipments are widely used in modem wars,nonbattle injury casualty and incidence of war trauma are multiplied.War duration length is proportional to war psychic trauma,and performs a "Ⅴ" type tendency to suicide rate.The incidence rate of psychic trauma was higher in soldiers who participated in warfare than those hadn't,and in the soldiers than the officers.Aiming at war psychic trauma,the researches on military psychology should focus on the theories about basic war trauma,precise psychological selection for soldiers,technical training for excellent mental health,and the medical service of war trauma,which will be helpful to provide theoretical and practical support to enhance psychological quality and combat effectiveness in officers and soldiers.     

特种作战人员战术区战伤镇痛现状分析

战术区战伤镇痛是整个战伤镇痛管理体系的开端,有效的战术区镇痛对于部队战斗力的保持具有重大意义。特种作战人员作战任务复杂多样、作战单元规模小、伴随医疗保障有限、战创伤发生概率极高,其战术区战伤镇痛需求特点显著。本文分析了特种作战人员战术区战伤镇痛特点及现状,对如何有效开展战术区镇痛进行了思考,为提高特种作战人员战斗力提供借鉴。     

远航海勤人员屈光不正性视疲劳原因调查分析

目的：了解远航海勤人员屈光不正情况及原因,为防治屈光不正提供科学依据。方法对486名水面舰艇人员和潜艇人员按年龄和持续远航天数各分为3个组,分析屈光不正检出率情况。结果486名海勤人员屈光不正检出率为31．5％（153/486）,其中水面舰艇人员屈光不正检出率为29．5％（87/295）,潜艇人员屈光不正检出率为34．6（66/191）,两类海勤人员屈光不正检出率差异无统计学意义（χ2＝1．378,P＞0．05）。水面舰艇人员3个年龄组之间（χ2＝4．402,P＞0．05）及潜艇人员3个年龄组之间屈光不正检出率差异均无统计学意义（χ2＝3．076,P＞0．05）。水面舰艇人员各远航组之间（χ2＝27.03,P＜0．01）及潜艇人员各远航组之间（χ2＝18．74,P＜0．01）屈光不正检出率差异均有统计学意义。结论持续性长期远航容易引起屈光不正,应做好远航海勤人员视疲劳的防治工作。     

从战争中学习战争

2003年上半年抗击殃及32个国家和地区的严重急性呼吸综合征(severe acute respiratory syndrome,SARS)疫情的斗争,是一场名符其实的没有硝烟的战争。从2003年1月2日我国广东省首次报告,截至2003年7月5日WHO宣布台湾地区最后一个从疫区名单中排除时,全球共有8 439人感染,812人死亡,病死率为9.62％,尚有200余人在治疗中。所有国家和地区均从疫区名单中排除具有里程碑意义,说明人类已经阶段性地控制了SARS疫情。对SARS的病原学、流行病学、临床诊断和治疗以及疫苗和药物的研究正在进行中,并将继续下去,直至取得最后的胜利。     

海军护航不同舰艇官兵的心电图对比分析

目的：观察海军大、小不同类型舰艇亚丁湾护航返回官兵心电图特点。方法对赴亚丁湾海域护航返回的某补给舰（简称大舰组）140名官兵、某护卫舰（简称小舰组）79名官兵,分别在2艘舰艇返回靠泊的当天,行常规体表12导联心电图检测,比较心电图异常及心率、各波间期的变化情况。结果小舰组官兵室性早搏发生率高于大舰组官兵,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;心率、左心室高电压、ST-T改变、早期复极、间歇性Ⅰ度或Ⅱ度Ⅰ型房室传导阻滞及各波形的间期差异均无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论小舰官兵心律失常发生率高于大舰官兵,可能与小舰官兵自主神经功能失衡程度高,造成交感神经兴奋性增高有关。     

俯卧位面部支具在玻璃体切割术后的护理体会

目的:探讨玻璃体切割术后使用面部支具的护理效果。方法:选取2015年7~12月玻璃体切割手术后使用面部支具的患者20例(20眼)为研究组,2015年1~6月引进面部支具前使用"U"型枕的患者20例(20眼)为对照组,比较两组患者护理效果。结果:研究组较对照组术后体位的依从性、正确性均有提高,研究组觉得舒适或比较舒适者18例,对照组10例,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:玻璃体切割术后使用面部支具提高了强迫体位的依从性、正确性和舒适感,能促进患者积极正确的执行强迫体位。