大鼠两型肺泡巨噬细胞吞噬煤粒的图像分析和扫描电镜研究

用微分干涉差显微镜、扫描电镜和图像分析技术,对大鼠两型肺泡巨噬细胞体外吞噬煤粒能力及吞噬方式做进一步研究。结果显示,球型细胞吞噬煤粒能力较扁平型细胞强。两型细胞均可伸出细长突起,捕捉细胞周围的煤粒,煤粒逐渐陷入,被细胞以内吞方式摄入胞体。还对单位时间内巨噬细胞摄入的煤粒,进行了定量测定,为细胞吞噬无机粉尘物质提供了一种新的研究方法和测量手段,也为尘肺发病机理研究提供一些形态学依据。     

量子点体外对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞细胞化学的影响

目的 探讨量子点(QDs)体外对巨噬细胞细胞化学及酶活性的影响.方法 用倒置相差显微镜、荧光显微镜、细胞化学方法,在细胞水平观察QDs对巨噬细胞的生物相容性及对PAS反应、Feulgen反应、ATP酶、酸性磷酸酶(AcP)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、α-醋酸萘酚酯酶(ANAE)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性的影响.结果 3.125mg/L剂量的QDs对巨噬细胞的结构没有影响,但细胞内的细胞化学及酶活性发生了不同的变化,即PAS反应、Feulgen反应、AcP、ALP、ANAE和Mg2 -ATP酶表现为阳性,而SDH、LDH则为阴性.阳性结果中,Feulgen反应、ANAE、ALP和Mg2 -ATP组中QDs组与空白组比较,有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而PAS反应、AcP组中QDs组与空白组比较,无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 在细胞学水平上,QDs虽然可以使巨噬细胞内的某些酶发生变化,但不影响其结构及吞噬功能.3.125mg/L剂量的QDs可以很好地应用于生物医学领域标记活细胞,对细胞没有明显的影响.     

Ultrastructural localisation of dehydrogenases in rat thymocytes after immunisation

The distribution and localisation of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) were studied using electron microscopy (EM) and cytochemical reactions in the thymus of rats 3 days afterEscherichia coli immunisation. In thymic lymphoblasts of untreated rat thymus, LDH was present mainly in the nuclear envelope, in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), sometimes in the cytoplasm and in the mitochondria, whereas the SDH reaction product was evident in the nuclear envelope and in the mitochondria. In the lymphocytes the LDH and SDH reaction product was observed in some mitochondria and in small quantities in the nuclear envelope. A small amount of LDH reaction product was also present loosely distributed within the cytoplasm. In the treated rats the LDH and SDH localisation was similar to that of the untreated rats, but the amount of both reaction products was increased in the nuclear envelope. Since the lymphocytes both in treated and untreated animals showed small amounts of LDH and SDH reaction product compared to that observed in the lymphoblasts, our results show a correlation between the level of cell maturation and the distribution of LDH and SDH reaction product in the thymocytes of both treated and untreated rats. However, the increase of LDH and SDH in the nuclear envelope of thymocytes of treated animals indicates a variation of cell metabolism afterE. coli immunisation. This finding would suggest that the nuclear envelope is a probable site of enzyme synthesis.     

小白鼠胸腺发育的组织化学观察

本文观察了BALB/C小鼠从胚胎至成年胸腺发育分化的组织化学变化特征。1.胚胎胸腺皮质外带大淋巴细胞含有糖原。生后1～21 d,皮质内带淋巴细胞内可见很多糖原颗粒;以后减少,成年为阴性。2.胚胎16 d开始,胸腺皮质及髓质内均有大量ANAE阳性的淋巴细胞,以后反应性渐增,出生时已接近成年水平。在皮质的阳性淋巴细胞占皮质淋巴细胞总数的23.90±0.66%;在髓质的为髓质淋巴细胞总数的61.20±1.99%;3.SDH在胚胎16 d的胸腺淋巴细胞内出现,以后活性逐渐增强;4.5′-Nsae和ATPase在胚胎胸腺淋巴细胞为阴性;生后7 d开始,髓质内一部分淋巴细胞变为弱阳性,以后活性渐增强;5.AcP活性以吞噬细胞中最强,部分胸腺淋巴细胞为弱阳性。     

蝉拟青霉总多糖对老龄大鼠巨噬细胞的激活作用

目的：观察蝉拟青霉总多糖对老龄大鼠巨噬细胞的激活作用，探讨其对老龄大鼠的免疫调节作用。 方法： 以中性红吞噬试验测定巨噬细胞的吞噬功能，MTT比色法测定细胞转化率；分别以双试剂终点法、速率法在全自动生化分析仪上测定酸性磷酸酶(ACP)及乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力；以鸟氨酸的生成判断精氨酸酶(arginase)的活力；电镜观察大鼠脾脏细胞形态结构的变化。 结果： 蝉拟青霉总多糖使老龄大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞(AM)、腹腔巨噬细胞(PM)胞内和细胞培养上清液内ACP、LDH、arginase活力显著高于对照组（P<0.05或P<0.01）；使PM的吞噬功能及其刺激指数（SI）显著高于对照组（均P<0.01）；使老龄大鼠脾脏细胞胞质粗面内质网和溶酶体数量多于对照组。 结论： 蝉拟青霉总多糖对老龄大鼠的免疫功能具有增强作用。     

赫赛汀诱导乳腺癌细胞凋亡及对其细胞周期的影响

目的研究免疫靶向治疗药物赫赛汀(Herceptin)对HER-2过表达的乳腺癌细胞凋亡及细胞周期的影响。方法Herceptin处理体外培养的乳腺癌SKBR3细胞系,经MTT试验筛选最佳药物处理浓度和时间的组合,应用荧光显微镜、激光共聚焦显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜及流式细胞仪检测乳腺癌细胞凋亡的特征、凋亡细胞百分率及细胞周期的变化。结果在Herceptin作用下,荧光显微镜、激光共聚焦显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜观察SKBR3细胞均出现凋亡特征。Annexin/PI染色流式仪测定,药物处理组早期凋亡百分率较对照组显著增加(P<0.01)。流式仪细胞周期分析显示,S期细胞含量下降,而G2期细胞含量上升。结论免疫靶向治疗药物Herceptin可特异性地诱导HER-2过表达的乳腺癌细胞发生凋亡,并可使其生长受阻于G2期。诱导凋亡可能是Herceptin抗肿瘤作用的重要机制之一。     

Blastocyst attachment and early invasion during oestradiol-induced implantation in the mouse

Summary Blastocysts were recovered from mice in experimentally delayed implantation 16 hrs after an injection of estrogen. When obtained from uterine horns with Pontamine Blue-positive sites, the blastocysts possessed a smooth embryonic pole and a rough abembryonic one as seen with SEM. In the embryonic pole, most of the trophoblast cells were flat while in the abembryonic region, the cells showed irregular cell extensions and rough imprints. TEM of Pontamine Blue-positive sites demonstrated that the embryonic pole had a rather smooth borderline to the epithelium, while the borderline at the abembryonic pole was more irregular with small parts of the uterine epithelium indenting into the trophoblast. The cytoplasm of the trophoblast contained a well developed endoplasmic reticulum, several mitochondria, large vacuoles, many multivesicular bodies and lipid granules. The difference in structure between the two poles of the blastocyst is presumably related to the differences in enzymatic activity between the poles as demonstrated by histochemistry and to the greater invasive capacity of the abembryonic trophoblast.     

胚胎大鼠颅盖骨分离细胞早期体外培养的组织化学观察

本实验采用胚胎后期Sprague-Dawley大鼠颅盖骨(连同骨膜)分离细胞进行体外培养。并以活体相差、HE染色及组织化学染色等技术进行早期观察。发现骨外膜再生层骨生成细胞和骨髓区未分化间充质细胞在体外培养条件下,都可发育成为细胞体积很大的鳞片形细胞,具有许多突起,并以突起与相邻细胞连接。鳞片形细胞的胞浆Sirius red染色呈淡红色,偏光显微镜下无双折射,表明细胞已开始形成胶原的前体。细胞碱性磷酸酶反应呈阴性,表明细胞仍然处于骨生成细胞阶段。     

大鼠实验性胃溃疡期间胰岛A、B细胞酶组织化学研究

用成年雄性Wistar大鼠65只,分溃疡实验组、盐水对照组和空白对照组。在无菌条件下,将0.01 ml冰醋酸注入动物胃粘膜下层,造成实验性胃溃疡;盐水组模拟手术,注入0.01ml生理盐水;空白组为未经任何处理的正常大鼠。3组动物在相同条件下饲养,在手术后2～28d,分7批取材,取出胰尾进行酶组织化学观察。盐水组:A细胞在手术后2～4 d,AlP活性减弱,5～Nase活性增强,10 d恢复;B细胞在手术后2～4 d,AcP及5-Nase活性增强,ATPase活性减弱,10 d基本恢复。溃疡组:A细胞在手术后2～4d酶活性变化与盐水组相同。手术后6d,AlP、ATPase、SDH、LDH、G-6-PD及α-GPD活性均显示出不同程度增强,至手术后28 d恢复;B细胞在手术后21 d的变化与盐水组基本一致,但手术后4 d,AcP、5-Nase、SDH及LDH活性均减低,21 d恢复。本文实验结果提示,在大鼠实验性胃溃疡期间,胰岛A、B细胞共同参与了机体自然抗病过程。