Acute central cervical cord injury: the effect of age upon prognosis

In this clinical study, a total of 89 consecutive patients with acute cervical cord injury was analysed retrospectively. There were 29 patients aged 60 years and over, accounting for 32.6% of all the cases. All the patients were followed up from 1 to 15 years, with an average of 6 years and 4 months. Among the patients of 60 years and over, 27 (93.1%) had both upper and lower extremities involved, compared with 40 (66.7%) of those under 60 years (P<0.05). Also among the older group, 24 had radiographic findings of severe cervical spinal degeneration, a higher incidence than in the patients under 60 years (P<0.05). There were two deaths in patients of 60 years and older. The average American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) scores in both the younger and older groups at final follow-up were significantly larger (P<0.01) than on admission, but the age of the patients was negatively correlated with the ASIA scores both on admission (P<0.05) and at final follow-up (P<0.01). The ASIA score was significantly lower (P<0.01) in patients aged 60 years and over than in those younger than 60 years both on admission and at final follow-up. Patients aged 60 years and over with acute central cervical cord injury have a poorer prognosis although they may experience significant neurological improvement.     

Management of patients aged >60 years with malignant glioma: good clinical status and radiotherapy determine outcome

Many clinical trials have shown that the most important prognostic variable in patients with malignant glioma is advanced age. However, can some patients aged >60 years still have relatively good outcomes with conventional surgical and radiotherapeutic treatment? A previous audit of practice (1983-89) suggested that functional status was an important prognostic variable in the elderly. We have reviewed a further cohort (1989-96) to evaluate changes in practice and outcomes given advances in neuroimaging, neurosurgery and radiotherapy. The major findings in this series of 80 patients aged over 60 years with a histological diagnosis of supratentorial malignant glioma were: (i) There was a relationship between management undertaken and clinical status of the patients (p < 0.01), i.e. patients in good grade generally had tumour debulking and radiotherapy, whilst those in poor grade generally had only biopsy. (ii) There was a significant increase in survival of patients in the second period who received surgical debulking and post-operative radiotherapy (from a median of 23 to 41 weeks (p < 0.05). (iii) It is likely that case selection accounted for much of this improvement since there was a direct relationship between median survival time and good clinical grade using the WHO performance scale. (iv) A shorter radiotherapy course (30 Gy in six fractions) was as efficacious as a conventional course (60 Gy in 30 fractions), and those patients having radiotherapy survived significantly longer than those not having this treatment (p = 0.001). This study has again demonstrated the importance of preoperative clinical grade and radiotherapy treatment in determining outcomes in patients >60 years. To put these data in a societal context a recent prospective multicentre audit of patients with malignant glioma in Scotland, and another audit from our unit, showed that between 24 and 65% of patients aged >60 years, with a CT diagnosis of malignant glioma do not undergo either surgery or radiotherapy. Advanced age per se should not be a bar to interventional treatment in patients aged >60 years with suspected malignant glioma.     

Endoscopic sinus surgery in patients older than sixty

OBJECTIVE: Rhinosinusitis is the sixth most common chronic condition of the elderly. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) has developed over the last 20 to 30 years into a widely accepted treatment modality for chronic rhinosinusitis in adults who have failed maximal medical management. The aim of this study was investigate the safety and efficacy of FESS in the geriatric population as compared to that of the adult population. METHODS: Retrospective review of prospective measurement of outcomes in consecutive patients over 60 years of age who underwent FESS. Fifty-six patients over 60 years of age underwent FESS and were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively at 3, 6, and 12 months with the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-20 (SNOT-20) questionnaire, and a rigid nasal endoscopy scoring system. Data analysis was performed using the Student's t test to compare mean scores. Any complications were noted. RESULTS: Patients evaluated by the SNOT-20 scoring system experienced 64% improvement of symptom scores at 3 months, 73% improvement at 6 months, and 75% improvement at 12 months. Rigid nasal endoscopy scores improved by 76% at 3 months, 65% at 6 months, and 76% at 12 months. There were very few minor complications and no major complications of the surgery. These results are comparable to those of the literature that address outcomes in the adult population undergoing FESS. CONCLUSIONS: FESS in the geriatric population is a safe and effective treatment modality for rhinosinusitis that is refractory to medical therapy. EBM RATING: C.     

A prospective study of botulinum toxin for internal anal sphincter hypertonicity in children with Hirschsprung's disease

BACKGROUND: Internal anal sphincter hypertonicity with nonrelaxation can cause persistent constipation and obstructive symptoms in children after surgery for Hirschsprung's disease. Intractable symptoms traditionally have been treated with anal myectomy, which may be ineffective or complicated by long-term incontinence. The authors evaluated prospectively the use of intrasphincteric botulinum toxin for these patients. METHODS: Eighteen children were studied (age 1 to 13; median, 4 years). Botulinum toxin was injected (total dose 15 to 60 U) into 4 quadrants of the sphincter. Resting sphincter pressure was measured in 14 patients before and after injection. Ten have had 1 to 5 additional injections (total dose, 30 to 60 U per injection). RESULTS: Four patients had no improvement in bowel function, 2 had improvement for less than 1 month, 7 had improvement for 1 to 6 months, and 5 had improvement more than 6 months. Nine of those with symptomatic improvement longer than 1 month had pressures measured, with a documented decrease in 8. Five with no significant clinical improvement had pressure measurements, with a decrease in 3. There were no adverse effects associated with botulinum toxin injection. Four children had new encopresis postinjection, which was mild and resolved in each case. CONCLUSIONS: Intrasphincteric botulinum toxin is a safe and less-invasive alternative to myectomy for symptomatic internal sphincter hypertonicity. Persistent symptoms, despite a fall in sphincter pressure, suggest a nonsphincteric etiology. Repeat injections often are necessary for recurrent symptoms.     

Quality of life after myocardial revascularization. Effect of increasing age.

The effect of increasing age on quality of life, survival, and risk of reoperation was studied in 2479 patients followed up prospectively 2 to 20 years after myocardial revascularization. Quality of life was determined from annual questionnaires, which we used to calculate a health status index from the patient's symptomatic status and subjective response to the operation, which was graded between zero and 1.00 (asymptomatic). Four age groups were studied: age 49 years or less (AG40), 50 to 59 years (AG50), 60 to 69 years (AG60), and 70 years or older (AG70). Associated problems (left ventricular aneurysm, valve disease, acute myocardial infarction) necessitating treatment were present in 17% (61/361) of AG40 patients, 19% (165 of 859) of AG50 patients, 23% (213/927) of AG60 patients, and 31% (102/332) of AG70 patients. The hospital mortality rate was higher in older patients undergoing combined procedures but not in patients undergoing coronary bypass grafts only. Probability of survival and health status indexes were calculated excluding patients with valve disease and cardiogenic shock. Probability of survival was significantly better (p less than 0.001 by the Wilcoxon test) in patients less than age 60 than in those 60 years or older, but in patients with an ejection fraction greater than or equal to 0.40, probability of survival at 12 years was 0.64 (age less than 60) versus 0.62 (age greater than or equal to 60). The actuarial risk of reoperation, calculated as the difference between probability of survival and probability of survival without reoperation, progressively increased in younger patients but not in patients aged 60 years or older. At 15 years, the reoperation rates were 26% (AG40), 14% (AG50), 5% (AG60), and 7% (AG70). Mean health status index for years 1 to 5 was 0.85 in AG40 patients, 0.84 in AG50 patients, 0.89 in AG60 patients, and 0.90 in AG70 patients; for years 6 to 10, 0.81, 0.80, 0.86, and 0.89; and for years 11 to 15, 0.77, 0.78, 0.84, and 0.84, respectively. Thus quality of life after myocardial revascularization is better, improvement lasts longer, and reoperation rate is less in patients aged 60 years or older.     

Renal transplantation for patients 60 years of older. A single-institution experience.

OBJECTIVE: The authors reviewed renal transplant outcomes in recipients 60 years of age or older. BACKGROUND: Before cyclosporine, patients older than 45 years of age were considered to be at high risk for transplantation. With cyclosporine, the age limits for transplantation have expanded. METHODS: The authors compared patient and graft survival, hospital stay, the incidence of rejection and rehospitalization, and the cause of graft loss for primary kidney recipients 60 years of age or older versus those 18 to 59 years of age. For those patients > or = 60 years transplanted since 1985, the authors analyzed pretransplant extrarenal disease and its impact on post-transplant outcome. In addition, all surviving recipients > or = 60 years completed a medical outcome survey (SF-36). RESULTS: Patient and graft survival for those > or = 60 years of age versus those 18 to 59 years of age were similar 3 years after transplant. Subsequently, mortality increased for the older recipients. Death-censored graft survival was identical in the two groups. There were no differences in the cause of graft loss. Those 60 years of age or older had a longer initial hospitalization, but had fewer rejection episodes and fewer rehospitalizations. Quality of life for recipients 60 years of age or older was similar to the age-matched U.S. population. CONCLUSION: Renal transplantation is successful for recipients 60 years of age or older. Most of them had extrarenal disease at the time of transplantation; however, extrarenal disease was not an important predictor of outcome and should not be used as an exclusion criterion. Post-transplant quality of life is excellent.     

High reoperation rates after early treatment of the subluxating hip in children with spastic cerebral palsy

Hip subluxation and dislocation are well-recognized complications of spastic cerebral palsy. Alternatives for treatment include observation, bracing, or surgery. The purpose of this study is to compare the rates of reoperation and acetabular development after early soft tissue procedures with those of varus derotational osteotomies performed to maintain reduced hips in severely involved children. A series of 60 patients with spastic cerebral palsy and hip subluxation younger than 6 years who underwent primary bilateral hip surgery at one hospital between 1980 and 1996, with a minimum of 4 years of follow-up, were retrospectively reviewed. Fifty-two patients had spastic tetraplegia and 47 were nonambulators. Measures of proximal femoral and acetabular development were made via radiographic analysis. Twenty-two patients underwent primary bilateral soft tissue procedures. At a mean 6-year follow-up, there was modest improvement seen in mean femoral head coverage and little improvement seen in mean indices of acetabular development. Seventeen of these 22 patients (77%) underwent reoperation. Thirty-eight patients underwent primary bilateral varus derotational osteotomies. At a mean follow-up of 5 years, there was also modest improvement noted in mean femoral head coverage with little change in the mean indices of acetabular development. Twenty-eight of these 38 patients (74%) underwent reoperation. In this population of severely involved patients with spastic cerebral palsy, the reoperation rate was high. Acetabular remodeling did not reliably occur as a result of either early soft tissue or proximal femoral procedures when performed at an average age of 4 years.     

肝功能衰竭患者合并肺部感染的临床分析

目的了解肝功能衰竭合并肺部感染患者的临床特点,为预防和治疗提供依据。方法回顾性分析226例肝功能衰竭患者的临床资料,分析其肺部感染的发生率和病原菌分布,并根据有无肺部感染将病例分为感染组和对照组,比较两组间在性别、年龄、并发症及转归等方面的差异。结果 226例肝功能衰竭患者中有81例合并肺部感染,肺部感染发生率为35.84%(81/226),病原菌以真菌最多见(78.79%,26/33)。60岁以上肝功能衰竭患者肺部感染发生率为52.94%(18/34)显著高于60岁以下患者(32.81%,63/192)。感染组合并其他部位感染及肝性脑病、肝肾综合征的比例均显著高于对照组。疾病转归方面感染组的好转率(46.91%,38/81)低于对照组(61.38%,89/145),差异具有统计学意义(χ2=4.418,P=0.036),但两组患者病死率差异无统计学意义。结论肝功能衰竭患者合并肺部感染多见,尤其是年龄≥60岁的患者较易发生,病原菌以真菌为主。肺部感染常与其他部位感染及其他肝功能衰竭并发症并存,影响预后转归,需采取综合措施来预防和治疗。     

Male Patients Above Age 60 have as Good Outcomes as Male Patients 50–59 Years Old at 1-Year Follow-up After Bariatric Surgery

BACKGROUND: It is estimated that 25% of Americans older than 60 years are obese. Male gender and advanced age are indicators of increased risk for bariatric surgery. Good results have been shown in patients older than 50, but nearly all published studies include a large majority of females, and few include patients >60 years old. In this study, we examined the results of males over 60 years old. METHODS: We reviewed a prospective database of 107 consecutive patients who underwent bariatric surgery between April 2002 and June 2007 at the Palo Alto VA. Of these, 60 patients were males older than 50 and available for follow-up 12 months postoperatively. There were 47 males 50-59 years old (group I) and 13 males older than 60 years (group II). Data were analyzed using Student's t test. RESULTS: Mean preoperative body mass index was similar in both groups (49.4 vs. 47.5 kg/m(2); p = 0.468). Length of hospital stay was similar (3.2 vs. 3.5 days; p = 0.678), but early morbidity was higher in group II patients (30.8% vs. 8.5%; p = 0.037). Morbidity included urinary tract infection, cardiac arrhythmias, and early bowel obstruction. Excess weight loss after 1 year was not significantly different (63.6% vs. 60.6%; p = 0.565). Diabetes resolution or improvement was seen in 87% of group I patients and 90% of group II patients. CONCLUSION: Despite a higher early morbidity rate, obese males >/=60 years old perform as well as male patients 50-59 years old with respect to excess weight loss, mortality, length of stay, and improvement of diabetes, at 1 year postoperatively.     

The role of brief strategic therapy on the outcome of gastric banding

Background:The success of bariatric surgery can be measured in different ways and depends on many factors. The aim of this study was to assess if preoperative Brief Strategic Therapy (BST), a specific psychological support, can positively influence the results (weight loss, improvement in health status and quality of life, QOL) in the short- and long-term. Methods: 500 patients who underwent laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding from 1996 to 1999 were evaluated both objectively (weight loss, health status) and subjectively (improvement in QOL and self-perception). We compared these results with those of a group of 145 patients treated with preoperative BST (6 sessions average). Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the percent of excess weight loss (<40%, 40-60%, >60%). The Moorehead-Ardelt QOL Questionnaire scoring was used. Individual interviews were conducted to understand emotional feelings and to evaluate the actual changes in the QOL and eating habits. Results: Patients treated preoperatively with BST had 46% excess weight loss (EWL) at 1 year which was significally different from patients non-treated (40% EWL). In the following years, treated patients showed better results, although not statistically significant. QOL improved objectively and subjectively Conclusion: Preoperative BST gives a satisfactory result. In addition, good compliance preoperatively corrected eating habits that has been maintained through the years and is a good predictor of long-term success.     

Impact of advanced age on weight loss and health benefits after laparoscopic gastric bypass

BACKGROUND: Advanced age is considered a relative contraindication to primary bariatric surgery at some institutions. As life expectancy is steadily increasing and quality of life is improving in our elderly population, we may need to reconsider the health benefits that obese elderly patients can obtain from bariatric surgery. Therefore, we examine the operative outcomes, weight loss, reduction of comorbidities, and medication requirements in patients older than 60 years compared with those younger than 60 years undergoing laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. HYPOTHESIS: The null hypothesis tested in this study is that patients older than 60 years who undergo laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass experience a medical benefit not significantly different from that experienced by younger patients in terms of the number of medications and comorbid conditions. METHODS: The number of preoperative and postoperative comorbid conditions and the medications required for those conditions were compared between consecutive patients older than 60 years and those younger than 60 years who underwent Roux-en-Y laparoscopic gastric bypass. Early operative outcomes were also assessed. RESULTS: Analysis of 110 patients younger than 60 years compared with 20 patients older than 60 years revealed no difference in complication rate or length of hospital stay. Younger patients lost more weight and had a significantly greater reduction in body mass index. Younger patients also demonstrated more complete resolution of comorbid conditions, although this difference was not significant. Older patients, who had more comorbid conditions requiring more medication at the time of surgery, experienced a greater medication reduction during follow-up, although this was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Patients of advanced age can safely undergo laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Younger patients can be expected to demonstrate greater weight loss and experience more complete resolution of their comorbid conditions. Older patients demonstrated greater overall reduction in medication requirements. Therefore, patients older than 60 years can be considered good candidates for obesity surgery and can be expected to enjoy substantial health benefits similar to those experienced by younger patients.     

Patient expectations for hallux valgus surgery

PURPOSE: To determine preoperative patient expectations and their relative importance for hallux valgus surgery using a patient-derived questionnaire, and whether such expectations are influenced by age, gender, or occupation. METHODS: Two patient-derived questionnaires were developed using open-ended interviews. The 19 most commonly stated expectations were included in the Patient Expectation Questionnaire: 2 related to improvement in appearance, 2 to pain reduction, and 15 to functional improvements in performing daily and recreational activities. The top 9 expectations were included in the Patient Priority Questionnaire for prioritising. RESULTS: 153 eligible patients aged 16 to 79 (mean, 47) years completed the questionnaires; 29 (19%) aged less than 40 years, 84 (55%) aged 40 to 60 years, and 40 (26%) aged more than 60 years. 86% were women and 81% were Caucasian. 62% were housewives or retired pensioners. Overall, the most important expectation was improved walking, followed by reduced pain over the bunion and wearing daily shoes. These expectations varied according to age and gender but not occupation. CONCLUSION: Patient expectations differ from those of surgeons, and vary according to patient age and gender. Understanding preoperative patient expectations is crucial to achieve better clinical outcomes and satisfaction by selecting the most appropriate operation for each patient.     

Durability of results obtained with transurethral microwave thermotherapy in the treatment of men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia

To assess the durability of the results of transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), we have reviewed publications describing trials with at least 3 years of follow-up. For men treated only by TUMT, improvement in symptoms and quality of life appears to be maintained for at least 4 to 5 years. Improvement in peak flow rates is modest but is generally maintained, particularly after higher-energy therapies. These results represent responders, and a crucial question is the need for additional treatments. With lower-energy treatment, this is common: between 50% and 60% within 3 to 5 years. With higher-energy TUMT, the retreatment rate appears to be less, approximating 20% within 3 to 4 years. When comparing these results with those of transurethral resection, it should be noted that there is a significant failure rate with surgery, and even if failure is more common with TUMT, men may be prepared to accept this risk rather than the greater morbidity of prostatectomy.     

Cardiac transplantation in patients over 60 years of age

Cardiac transplant programs have routinely excluded patients over 55 years of age from consideration as transplant candidates. The Texas Heart Institute modified this policy of using age as a contraindication to transplantation. Between July, 1982, and August, 1987, a total of 200 cardiac transplants were performed, 28 (14%) of which were in patients over 60 years of age, the eldest being 66 years old at the time of transplant. Our immunosuppressive regimen consisted primarily of cyclosporine and prednisone. In 1985, azathioprine was added in an effort to decrease dosages of cyclosporine, thereby decreasing its associated nephrotoxicity. The incidences of rejection and infection were 1.2 and 1.4 episodes/patient, respectively, for those over 60 years of age versus 1.7 and 1.3 episodes/patient, respectively, for those less than 60 years of age. Of the 28 patients, 23 are alive and well. Four deaths were caused by infection, and the other by diffuse coronary arteritis. The one-year actuarial survival for patients over 60 years of age was 83%, compared with 75% for the other transplant patients. We conclude that persons over 60 years of age can undergo cardiac transplantation with results equal to or perhaps better than those of other heart transplant patients. Our experience suggests that advanced age should not be considered a major contraindication to cardiac transplantation.     

Definition of the elderly patient. Demographic data

Based on data from INSEE, the French population included in 1982 54,273,200 men and women, 18.5% of whom were more than 60, 13.5% more than 65, 6.5% more than 75 and 1.4% more than 85 years of age. With increasing age the sex ratio men/women changed from 1.2 between 60 and 64 to 3 after 90 years of age. For the year 2000 an increase of 20% of those of more than 60 and of 42% of those of more than 85 years of age is expected.     

Studies on sexual activity in Japanese males based on inquiry about sexual behavior: especially in association with advancing age

To study the changes in sexual function, especially potency in males with age, 3,389 married male patients who visited the urological department were inquired about their sexual behavior, and the following results were obtained. Sexual intercourse was performed once a week or more in 95.2% of those aged under 30 years, 84.2% of those aged between 30-39 years, 55.2% of those aged between 40-49 years, 26.3% of those aged between 50-59 years, and 10% or less of those aged 60 years or more. Conversely, the percentage of those reporting no sexual intercourse increased with age, especially markedly after 50 years of age: 10% or less in those under 50 years, 21.1% in the 6th decade, 44.8% in the 7th decade, and 69.5% in the 8th decade. The awareness of morning erection decreased gradually with age. In those 60 years or older, the percentage of those without morning erection was higher than those with morning erection. The association between the testicular volume and potency was unclear in those under 50 years of age. However, in those between 50-69 years, potency tended to be reduced with the decrease in the testicular volume. The frequency of sexual intercourse in infertile patients with testicular dysfunction was nearly equal to that in those with normal testicular function. The decrease in sexual activity with age appears to be complicated associated with sociological and psychological factors in addition to aging. In a society where the proportion of the aged is increasing, evaluation from various aspects is needed.     

Information yield from routine pre-operative chest radiography and electrocardiography.

Studies in First-World settings suggest that routine pre-operative investigations are of minimal usefulness. A retrospective study of 797 case records determined the yield of significant information from routine chest radiography and ECG in a provincial general hospital serving a broad socio-economic sector. The results were in agreement with those of other studies, viz. that routine investigation may be worthwhile only in older patients. Routine chest radiographs showed an overall positive yield of 6%; 17% in those over 60 years but only 2% in those under 60 years. Routine ECGs showed a positive yield of 7% overall; 7.4% in those older than 40 years and 4.5% in those under 40 years. Investigations indicated by history or physical examination had a significantly greater yield: 34% for chest radiography and 31% for ECGs. Positive results of indicated investigations were more evenly spread across the age groups. The pre-eminence of clinical skills in determining which patients require special investigations is reaffirmed.     

Total ossiculoplasty with footplate removal.

OBJECTIVE: We reviewed the results and management of cases in which total ossiculoplasty requires footplate removal. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We conducted a retrospective review of 10 patients who underwent total ossiculoplasty with footplate removal between 1999 and 2002. These 10 patients represented 5.4% of those undergoing stapedectomy (n = 91) and ossiculoplasty (n = 93) during these years at a tertiary otologic referral center. RESULTS: A total of 10 patients were evaluated, with a mean 17-month follow-up. Closure of air-bone gap (ABG) to within 20 dB was achieved in 6 of 10 patients (60%). Mean postoperative ABG was 21.7 dB (500 to 4000 Hz) with an average 4-frequency pure tone improvement of 20.7 dB. Operative findings included extensive tympanosclerosis, partial obstruction of oval window by facial nerve, and changes from prior surgery. There were no patients with postoperative sensorineural hearing loss. CONCLUSIONS: The need to open the footplate in cases of total ossiculoplasty is uncommon. This may be accomplished with good improvement in hearing with minimal risk.     

Quality of Life following Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding – the Swedish Band and the Moorehead-Ardelt Questionnaire

Background: Although weight loss is an important immediate outcome after gastric banding operations, quality of life (QOL) has been shown to be an equally important outcome measure. Methods: From 1996 to May 2002, 125 consecutive patients have been operated laparoscopically for morbid obesity at our institution with the Swedish Adjustable Gastric Band (SAGB). We compared the Moorehead-Ardelt QOL scores of the first 60 patients, operated at a median of 2 years earlier, with a group consisting of the following consecutive 65 patients, who answered the questionnaire preoperatively. Results: The QOL scores among the operated patients were significantly better (P<0.0001, unpaired t-test) on all domains of the Moorehead-Ardelt questionnaire compared to those not yet operated. Conclusions: Laparoscopic banding with the SAGB has been a safe procedure, with satisfactory weight loss and significant improvement in QOL scores 2 years postoperatively.     

阴茎癌患者年龄和腹股沟淋巴结转移概率的关系

目的：探讨阴茎癌患者年龄和腹股沟淋巴结转移概率的关系。方法：我们回顾性分析110例腹股沟淋巴结临床阴性的阴茎鳞状细胞癌患者。通过局部加权回归散点平滑法（LOWESS）分析年龄和腹股沟淋巴结转移概率的关系。根据欧洲泌尿外科阴茎癌指南,将患者分为不同的转移风险组,随后比较不同转移风险组下各个年龄段的淋巴结转移概率。结果：本组患者中位年龄为54岁,最小者20岁,最大者75岁。淋巴结转移的概率大致呈现抛物线的形状：在〈40和〉60岁时较高,40～60岁时较为稳定。在淋巴结转移风险中危组和高危组,〈40岁和〉60岁组的淋巴结转移概率均高于40-60岁组。结论：阴茎癌的淋巴结转移概率随年龄变化而呈现〈40岁和〉60岁组增高的趋势,进一步的研究需要揭示不同年龄段肿瘤的特定分子生物学改变。