多巴酚丁胺与潘生丁^99mTc—MIBI心肌显像诊断冠心病价值的比较

为比较多巴酚丁胺（Ｄｏｂｕ－ＥＣＴ）和潘生丁（Ｄｉｐｙ－ＥＣＴ）＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ心肌显像诊断冠心病的价值，以冠状动脉造影为标准，对２１０例拟诊与确诊冠心病患者行药物负荷＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ心肌显像，其中Ｄｏｂｕ－ＥＣＴ１００例，Ｄｉｐｙ－ＥＣＴ１１０例。诊断冠心病的敏感性，特异性，阳性预测值和阴性预测值，Ｄｏｂｕ－ＥＣＴ和Ｄｉｐｙ－ＥＣＴ（分别为９３．３％对９５．５％，８０％对８９．２％，     

动脉粥样硬化早期诊断方法的对比分析

目的 探索临床简便易行的动脉粥样硬化早期诊断方法。方法 应用＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＬＤＬＳＰＥＣＴ显像及彩色多普勒Ｂ超对２５例病人进行了血管显像及血管检查。结果 静脉注射＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＬＤＬ，２４ｈ动脉粥样硬化灶显示良好，２５例病人中有１９例可见到沿血管走行的放射性异常聚集区，共检出病变部位４７个，应用彩色多普勒血流图像及两维超声检查，共检出病变部位３０个。结论 ＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＬＤＬＳＰＥＣＴ显像及彩色多     

多巴酚丁胺负荷试验~（99m）Tc－MIBI心肌断层显像的临床应用

为了评价多巴酚丁胺负荷试验９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ心肌单光子发射型计算机断层（ＳＰＥＣＴ）显像检测冠心病的准确性，对比了２１例（２２例次）临床确诊或可疑冠心病患者的多巴酚丁胺负荷试验９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ心肌ＳＰＥＣＴ显像与冠状动脉造影的结果。有明显冠状动脉狭窄的１２例患者，１１例多巴酚丁胺９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ心肌ＳＰＥＣＴ异常；冠状动脉造影正常的７例患者，其中６例心肌ＳＰＥＣＴ正常。多巴酚丁胺９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ心肌ＳＰＥＣＴ检测冠心病的灵敏度为９２％（１１／１２），特异性为８６％（６／７）。初步表明，多巴酚丁胺药物负荷试验９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ心肌ＳＰＥＣＴ显像是安全的，对于检测冠状动脉病变有较高的灵敏度和特异性，具有较好的临床应用前景。     

自主性甲状腺结节显像诊断分析

目的评价９９ｍＴｃ、９９ｍＴｃＭＩＢＩ（甲氧基异丁基异腈）核素显像、Ｂ超在自主性甲状腺结节（ＡＦＴＮ）诊断中的应用。方法３１例患者男９例,女２２例,年龄１５～８７岁。全部病例均完成血清ＦＴ３、ＦＴ４、ＴＳＨ的测定,并进行了Ｂ超甲状腺检查、９９ｍＴｃ以及９９ｍＴｃＭＩＢＩ甲状腺显像。结果３１例患者中,２８例９９ｍＴｃ显像表现为单发“热”结节,３例为多发“热”结节,“热”结节周围的甲状腺组织不显像者共１０例,显像较差者２１例。９９ｍＴｃＭＩＢＩ甲状腺显像结果为,１７例“热”结节外原显像较差或不显像的甲状腺组织均获得一定程度改善,另１４例未见明显变化。在伴有典型甲亢症状的１３例中,ＦＴ３及ＦＴ４均高于正常值上限、ＴＳＨ低于正常值下限的９例。另４例表现为Ｔ３型甲亢。在甲亢症状不典型的１８例中,２例诊断为Ｔ３型甲亢,４例为亚临床甲亢;其余１２例甲状腺功能正常。结论９９ｍＴｃＭＩＢＩ甲状腺显像可以代替ＴＳＨ刺激显像或甲状腺抑制显像而用于ＡＦＴＮ的临床诊断     

冠状动脉造影与~（99m）Tc－MIBI心肌灌注断层显像诊断冠心病对比分析

为比较冠状动脉造影和９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ心肌灌注断层显像在诊断冠心病中的作用。１１６例患者均行冠状动造影和９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ心肌灌注断层显像。最终诊断：冠心病９１例，其他心脏病１５例，无器质性心脏病者１０例。９１例冠心病中，有９０例核素心肌显像呈阳性，１０例无器质性心脏病患者９例核素心肌显像呈阴性。提示：对于诊断冠心病，心肌灌注单光子发射计算机断层显像（ＳＰＥＣＴ）的敏感性和特异性分别为９９％和９０％。冠状动脉造影与心肌ＳＰＥＣＴ均阳性者，冠心病确诊无疑；均阴性者，可予排除；单纯冠状动脉造影阳性或ＳＰＥＣＴ阳性者，临床上需细心诊断     

链激酶溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死对左心室功能的改善作用

为评价链激酶溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死（ＡＭＩ）对左心室功能的影响，应用二维超声心动图对２６例接受链激酶溶栓治疗的ＡＭＩ患者和２７例未溶栓的ＡＭＩ患者，分别在急性期及６个月后随访时测量并计算左心室容积（ＥＤＶ和ＥＳＶ），射血分数（ＥＦ）以及室壁运动指数（ＧＷＭＩ和ＲＷＭＩ）。以上各项指标在急性期时比较各组无显著性差异；在随访期再通组ＥＦ值明显高于未通组和未溶栓组，再通组左室容量减小。急性期各组心功能无差异，随访时再通组心功能较未通组显著改善。提示:链激酶溶栓能明显减轻ＡＭＩ患者的左心室扩张，改善左心室功能和长期预后     

链激酶溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死对左心室功能的改善作用

为评价链激酶溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死（ＡＭＩ）对左心室功能的影响，应用二维超声心动图对２６例接受链激酶溶栓治疗的ＡＭＩ患者和２７例未溶栓的ＡＭＩ患者，分别在急性期及６个月后随访时测量并计算左心室容积（ＥＤＶ和ＥＳＶ），射血分数（ＥＦ）以及室壁运动指数（ＧＷＭＩ和ＲＷＭＩ）。以上各项指标在急性期时比较各组无显著性差异；在随访期再通组ＥＦ值明显高于未通组和未溶栓组，再通组左室容量减小。急性期各组心功能无差     

急性心肌梗塞静脉溶栓治疗改善左心室功能的作用

为评价急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）静脉溶栓再灌注对左心室功能及重塑的影响，应用二维超声心动图（２ＤＥ）对６１例ＡＭＩ接受静脉溶栓治疗的患者，分别在急性期及６个月后随访时测量并计算左心室容积（ＥＳＶ和ＥＤＶ），射血分数（ＥＦ），左心室内膜弧长（ＡＳＬ和ＰＳＬ）以及室壁运动指数（ＧＷ－ＭＩ和ＲＷＭＩ）。结果显示，以上各项指标急性期时两组比较差异均无显著性，在６个月后的随访中，再通组ＥＦ值明显高于未通组，再通组左室容量减小、变形减轻。急性期两组的心功能无差异，随访时再通组心功能较未通组显著改善。提示溶栓再灌注能明显减轻左心室的扩张及抑制左心室重塑，改善患者的心功能和预后。     

~(99m)锝-双半胱乙酯SPECT预测致死性缺血性脑水肿

在卒中发生后最初几小时内，从病人的非特异性症状中很难断定其预后，预后不良的病人在早期常缺乏严重症状。用影像技术预测致死性脑水肿的研究极少，而临床上迫切需要这些信息。作者的目的是确定９９ｍ锝双半胱乙酯（９９ｍＴｃＥＣＤ）ＳＰＥＣＴ在急性卒中发生最初...     

新的肾功能显像剂~（99m）锝—双半胱氨酸的临床研究

一个新的肾功能显像剂９９ｍ锡一双半胱氨酸（９９Ｔｃ－ＥＣ）首先在国内研制成功，并进行了临床研究。结果表明：９９ｍＴｃ－ＥＣ的肾动态显像的２０ｍｉｎ清除率明显高于９９ｍＴｃ－ＤＴＰＡ。与数字减影血管造影（ＤＳＡ）比较，其对肾血管性高血压病的诊断符合率达到９０％以上。９９ｍＴｃ－ＥＣ是一种肾小管排泌型的药物，９９ｍＴｃ－ＤＴＰＡ是肾小球过滤型药物。在临床上二者互相补充，可更好地如实反映肾脏功能的情况。     

Pre-hospital and hospital thrombolytic therapy of acute myocardial infarction. Evaluation of initial myocardial ischemia and its reversibility by methoxy isobutyl isonitrile computed tomographic scintigraphy

In order to assess initial myocardial perfusion, 20 mCi of Tc 99m MIBI were administered to 39 patients with suspected myocardial infarction less than 6 hours old. The injection was given on admission to the coronary care unit (n = 19) or by the emergency ambulance service at the patient's house (n = 20). For immediate availability, this myocardial tracer was labelled throughout the 24 hour period for 1 month and distributed to 4 emergency ambulance teams. The diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction was confirmed in 30 cases and 19 thrombolytic therapies were started either at home or on hospital admission. Myocardial scintigraphy was abnormal in all cases with confirmed infarction, in some cases before the ECG changes, and the results correlated perfectly with those of early angiography (36 hours). Repeat myocardial scintigraphy performed at 72 hours was used to assess response to therapy. The fixation of MIBI increased significantly after thrombolysis (p less than 0.001) but also after heparin alone (p less than 0.05). The scintigraphic improvement demonstrated the presence of viable myocardium at an earlier stage than analysis of wall notion but the presence of a stable defect at 72 hours did not indicate absence of viability. MIBI tomoscintigraphy is a non-invasive method for evaluating the benefits of thrombolytic therapy. It could be used to compare the efficacy of different thrombolytic agents or to appreciate the value of pre-hospital thrombolytic therapy with respect to thrombolysis started on hospital admission.     

Dipyridamole stress echocardiography and ultrasonic myocardial tissue characterization in predicting myocardial ischemia, in comparison with dipyridamole stress Tc-99m MIBI SPECT myocardial imaging

The purpose of this study was to validate whether dipyridamole stress ultrasonic tissue characterization with cyclic variation of integrated backscatter (CVIBS) compared with dipyridamole stress echocardiography and dipyridamole stress Tc99m-MIBI SPECT myocardial perfusion scintigraphy could predict myocardial ischemia in patients with chronic coronary artery disease. Twenty patients (16 M, 4 F) who had coronary angiography for stable angina pectoris were included in the study. Mean age was 62 +/- 8 years. The left ventricle was divided into 16 segments. Regional wall motion analysis and CVIBS measurements were obtained from 16 myocardial segments at rest and after dipyridamole (0.84 mg/kg) infusion. After 10 minutes, Tc-99m MIBI (10 mCi) was injected and SPECT myocardial imaging was performed. After 3 hours, 25 mCi Tc-99m MIBI was reinjected and rest images were obtained. A total of 320 ventricular wall segments were evaluated. Two hundred and six ventricular wall segments were supplied by stenotic coronary arteries and 114 segments were supplied by normal coronary arteries. Dipyridamole stress Tc-99m MIBI SPECT studies showed abnormal myocardial perfusion in 176 segments and normal perfusion in 144 segments. Transient regional wall motion abnormality was detected in 116 segments. A significant decrease in CVIBS after dipyridamole stress was detected in 184 segments. The sensitivity and specificity of dipyridamole stress echocardiography, Tc-99m MIBI SPECT, and CVIBS were 56% and 100%, 85% and 92%, and 89% and 100%, respectively, compared with the results from coronary angiography. Dipyridamole stress ultrasonic tissue characterization with CVIBS may provide more sensitive detection of myocardial ischemia than dipyridamole stress echocardiography and may be as valuable as dipyridamole stress myocardial perfusion scintigraphy.     

硝酸甘油介入~(99m)Tc-甲氧基异丁基异腈心肌灌注断层显像评估存活心肌

目的　评估静息及硝酸甘油介入99mTc 甲氧基异丁基异腈 (99mTc MIBI)心肌灌注断层显像在存活心肌检测中的应用价值。方法　对心肌梗死 2 0例于血管重建术前分别行静态及硝酸甘油介入显像 ,血管重建术后 1个月重复静息心肌显像并进行对比分析。结果　 2 0例共有 1 4 4个异常灌注的心肌节段 ,硝酸甘油介入后有 72个心肌节段灌注改善 ,血管重建术后有 77个心肌节段灌注改善。硝酸甘油介入改善的 72个节段术后有 62个节段改善 ;而术前无改善的 72个节段术后只有 1 5个节段改善 ,硝酸甘油介入99mTc MIBI心肌灌注显像对存活心肌预测的阳性预测值为 86 .1 % ,阴性预测值为 79.2 % ,预测准确率为 82 .6%。结论　硝酸甘油介入99mTc MIBI心肌灌注断层显像是可供临床检测心肌存活的安全、有价值的方法     

冠状动脉造影正常的心肌梗塞患者核素心肌灌注显像

目的 :分析冠状动脉造影正常的心肌梗塞患者核素心肌灌注显像表现。　　方法 :回顾总结了 18例冠状动脉造影正常的心肌梗塞患者 99m锝 -甲氧基异丁基异腈 (99m Tc- MIBI)静息心肌断层显像。　　结果 :18例心肌梗塞患者心肌灌注显像均显示异常 ,12例有节段性缺损 ,6例未见缺损但可见心肌节段性稀疏。心肌灌注显像对心肌梗塞的定位与心电图 Q波比较 ,显示病变部位更明确。　　结论 :心肌灌注显像提供了冠状动脉造影正常的心肌梗塞患者心肌损伤部位及程度。     

~(99m)Tc-MIBI心肌显像心肌活力评估及在冠脉成形术中的应用研究

目的　探讨有效提高常规静息９９ｍＴｃ－甲基异丁基异腈（ＭＩＢＩ）心肌显像检测存活心肌的方法,评价该方法在血管成形术中评估存活心肌的价值。方法分别对２０例、３０例和１０例冠心病病人血管成型术前和术后进行,（１）静息－含服硝酸甘油介入,（２）静息－门控,（３）静息－延迟（４ｈ）９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ心肌显像。结果 ３种方法评估存活心肌阳性预测值分别为９５．９％、６８．５％和８４．１％;阴性预测值分别为６８．２％、９０．１％和９０．０％;预测准确率分别为８２．５％、７７．３％和８７．２％。结论（１）～（３）种显像方法有效地提高了常规静息９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ心肌显像为血管成形术适应证的选择和临床评估其疗效提供了客观依据。     

Diagnosis of coronary artery disease with Tc 99m-methoxy isobutyl isonitrile and transesophageal pacing.

Recently the use of a new radioactive agent with physical and biological properties more favorable than those of thallium 201, methoxy-isobutyl-isonitrile (MIBI) labeled with technetium 99m (Tc 99m), has permitted simultaneous performance of perfusion and function studies in ischemic cardiopathy. Transesophageal atrial pacing (TAP) technique has evolved as an alternative provocative test of ischemia. The authors compared the capability of Tc 99m-MIBI myocardial scintigraphy, combined with TAP, with that of Tc 99m-MIBI, combined with maximal stress test, in the diagnosis of ischemic cardiopathy. They studied 11 patients with a clinical history of angina pectoris. Myocardial scintigraphy was performed at rest, after stress test, and after TAP. Finally, all the patients underwent coronary angiography. The analysis of myocardial perfusion images on both Tc 99m-MIBI associated with TAP and with stress demonstrated, in 165 myocardial segments examined: 143 normal, 20 reversible defects, 2 irreversible defects. The concordance of localization between coronarographic data and scintigraphic reversible and irreversible defects was 85%. In conclusion TAP proves to be a valid and sensitive provocative test of ischemia when combined with myocardial scintigraphy and with Tc 99m-MIBI.     

Tc99m-sestaMIBI uptake in nonsecretory multiple myeloma

Staging and monitoring of multiple myeloma (MM) is mainly based on monoclonal component quantification; the absence of such a parameter renders difficult follow up of patients with nonsecretory MM (nsMM). In this study our aims were to determine the specificity and sensitivity of Tc99m-sestaMIBI scintigraphy at diagnosis and during follow up of nsMM patients. Nine nsMM patients were prospectively studied at diagnosis and during treatment for a mean time of 33 months (range: 12–65 +). Tc99m-sestaMIBI (MIBI) scintigraphy was compared to conventional imaging (CI: X ray with CAT or NMR details) at diagnosis and during follow up. At diagnosis, CI and MIBI were concordant in three patients; CI showed more focal lesions than MIBI in four patients, while MIBI revealed more focal lesions than CI in two patients. During the follow up, MIBI uptake was normal in the four patients who achieved remission. Five patients did not achieve remission: CI and MIBI were concordant in three, while MIBI was falsely negative in two patients. In conclusion, Tc99m-sestaMIBI scintigraphy has high sensitivity (no false positive cases) and 78% specificity (2/9 false negative cases) in tracing active nsMM lesions; it should be considered complementary to CI for monitoring this rare disease.     

Simultaneous assessment of left ventricular wall motion and myocardial perfusion at rest and during exercise by technetium-99m methoxy isobutyl isonitrile.

First-pass radionuclide ventriculography followed by myocardial SPECT with technetium-99m methoxy isobutyl isonitrile (Tc-99m MIBI) was performed on 12 patients with suspected coronary artery disease at rest and during exercise. Left ventricular wall motion and myocardial perfusion were assessed simultaneously and compared on a segment-by-segment basis. Segmental agreement between Tc-99m MIBI and Tl-201 with regard to the presence of perfusion defects was 95% (57/60) at rest and 93% (37/40) during exercise. With respect to the assessment of myocardial ischemia and/or infarction, abnormalities in regional wall motion agreed with the presence of myocardial perfusion defects in 18 out of 21 segments (86%). Simultaneous evaluation of regional wall motion and myocardial perfusion by Tc-99m MIBI may provide useful information for the assessment of myocardial ischemia.     

Tc99m-sestaMIBI uptake in nonsecretory multiple myeloma

Staging and monitoring of multiple myeloma (MM) is mainly based on monoclonal component quantification; the absence of such a parameter renders difficult follow up of patients with nonsecretory MM (nsMM). In this study our aims were to determine the specificity and sensitivity of Tc99m-sestaMIBI scintigraphy at diagnosis and during follow up of nsMM patients. Nine nsMM patients were prospectively studied at diagnosis and during treatment for a mean time of 33 months (range: 12-65+). Tc99m-sestaMIBI (MIBI) scintigraphy was compared to conventional imaging (CI: X ray with CAT or NMR details) at diagnosis and during follow up. At diagnosis, CI and MIBI were concordant in three patients; CI showed more focal lesions than MIBI in four patients, while MIBI revealed more focal lesions than CI in two patients. During the follow up, MIBI uptake was normal in the four patients who achieved remission. Five patients did not achieve remission: CI and MIBI were concordant in three, while MIBI was falsely negative in two patients. In conclusion, Tc99m-sestaMIBI scintigraphy has high sensitivity (no false positive cases) and 78% specificity (2/9 false negative cases) in tracing active nsMM lesions; it should be considered complementary to CI for monitoring this rare disease.     

Planar myocardial scintigraphy with 99mTc sestamibi for the evaluation of the infarct area and the efficacy of the thrombolytic therapy]

BACKGROUND: Nuclear cardiology permits the estimation of myocardial infarction size and the result of the thrombolytic therapy. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the feasibility of the planar myocardial scintigraphy with tecnetium-99m-sestamibi in the coronary intensive care unit for the early identification of the infarct size and the results of the thrombolytic therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 15 patients affected by a first acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 10 anterior and 5 inferior wall, treated with thrombolysis (APSAC 30U i.v.) within and interval of 3 hours from the symptoms onset, tecnetium-99m-sestamibi was injected before thrombolysis and after 3 +/- 1 hours the planar imaging was registered with a mobile gamma-camera. Scintigraphic evaluation was repeated after 24 hours and before patient discharge. Within 48 hours from the thrombolytic therapy the coronary angiography was performed for the demonstration of patency of the infarct-related artery. The left ventricle myocardial perfusion was divided in the 3 planar projections into 13 segments. The perfusion in each segment was evaluated with a perfusion score: 0 = normal, 1 = moderately reduced, 2 = severely reduced, 3 = absent. The sum of the hypoperfused segments represented the infarct size. A perfusion score improvement greater than 40% was considered a marker of reperfusion. RESULTS: The infarct size involved 4.2 +/- 1.5 segments in the anterior and 2 +/- 0.8 segments in the inferior wall infarctions (p < 0.05). The scintigraphic imaging made 24 hours after AMI allowed the diagnosis of coronary reperfusion in 10 patients. The coronarography demonstrated the infarct related artery patency in 14 patients. The nuclear imaging at patient discharge provided the diagnosis or reperfusion in 11 cases and demonstrated an improvement of the myocardial perfusion score in 8 cases. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with AMI treated with thrombolysis the scintigraphic imaging with tecnetium-99m-sestamibi is feasible with a mobile gamma-camera in the intensive coronary care unit. The quality of planar imaging is good and allows the evaluation of myocardial infarct size and the efficiency of thrombolytic therapy. An earlier scintigraphic imaging should be taken into consideration for a more timely non-invasive evaluation of patients who need coronary angiography and, if necessary, a rescue-PTCA.