肾小球系膜细胞与单核细胞趋化蛋白-1的关系

肾小球系膜细胞是最活跃的细胞固有成分,单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,MCP-1）是一种对单核细胞具有特异趋化功能的细胞因子,系膜细胞可表达MCP-1及其特异性受体,两者相互作用对多种肾小球病理生理过程发挥重要影响。本文简要地叙述了肾小球系膜细胞及MCP-1的生物学作用,重点分析介绍影响系膜细胞MCP-1表达的因素以及干预治疗对MCP-1表达的影响。     

EGR-1基因转染对环境中小鼠肾小球系膜细胞TGF-β及PDGF-B表达的影响

目的:观察EGR-1基因转染对高糖环境中小鼠肾小球系膜细胞TGF-β及PDGF-B表达的影响,探讨EGR-1在糖尿病肾病发病机制中的作用。方法:高糖环境中培养小鼠肾小球系膜细胞,采用LipofectamineTM2000瞬时转染EGR-1质粒,于培养12、24、48小时末,应用MTT法检测细胞增殖程度,免疫细胞化学和Western印迹法检测系膜细胞EGR-1、TGF-β及PDGF-B蛋白表达水平,酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测细胞培养上清Ⅳ型胶原浓度。结果:高糖环境中肾小球系膜细胞EGR-1、TGF-β及PDGF-B表达增强,细胞增殖明显,细胞上清液中Ⅳ型胶原浓度升高,EGR-1基因转染后上述变化较高糖组更加显著。结论:EGR-1可上调TGF-β及PDGF-B表达,促进系膜细胞增殖及系膜外基质积聚,是加速肾小球硬化的可能机制之一。     

细胞间黏附分子-1基因多态性与缺血性心脑血管疾病

细胞间黏附分子-1在炎症早期介导白细胞与受损内皮细胞的黏附，由于其基因多态性影响了缺血性心脑血管疾病的发生和预后，成为研究热点。本文就该研究领域的新进展做一综述。     

高浓度的糖刺激人肾小球内皮细胞表达单核细胞趋化蛋白-1的影响

目的 :探讨高浓度的糖对培养的人肾小球内皮细胞 (HUGEC)表达单核细胞趋化蛋白 1(MCP 1)的影响 ,以及HUGEC的条件培养基对单核细胞 (MC)的趋化作用及抗MCP 1抗体对MC迁移的影响。方法 :采用原位杂交技术和细胞ELISA法 ,观察MCP 1的表达 ;用改良的Boyden小室微孔滤膜法 ,测定高浓度的糖刺激HUGEC后的条件培养基 ,对MC的趋化作用 ,以及抗MCP 1抗体对MC迁移的影响。结果 :(1)在低浓度的糖(含 5 .5mmol/LD 葡萄糖 )条件下培养的HUGECMCP 1mRNA呈弱表达。高浓度的糖 (含 2 5mmol/LD 葡萄糖 )刺激后 ,8h即出现MCP 1表达增强 ,于 16h达高峰。(2 )高浓度的糖刺激HUGEC后的条件培养基 ,对MC具有明显的趋化作用 ;抗MCP 1抗体可抑制其作用。结论 :在高浓度的糖诱导下 ,人HUGECMCP 1的表达增强 ,其条件培养基对MC具有趋化作用 ,从而可能招引单核细胞迁入内皮下间隙。     

细胞间黏附分子-1基因多态性与疾病易感性

细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)属于免疫球蛋白超家族成员之一，是一种细胞表面单链糖蛋白，它表达于多种细胞表面，通过识别其受体LFA-1、MAC-1、P150、P95介导细胞-细胞间的黏附，参与多种炎症反应及免疫过程。不同种族和地区研究证实ICAM-1基因多态性与人类多种疾病相关。     

细胞间黏附分子-1的研究概况及临床意义

细胞间黏附分子-1( ICAM-1)是一种细胞表面的跨膜糖蛋白,可介导细胞与细胞间或细胞与细胞外基质之间的相互作用.ICAM-1广泛地参与细胞黏附、炎症的发生发展、信号转导和肿瘤转移等多种重要的生理及病理过程.在临床上,ICAM-1可作为多种炎症或肿瘤发展和预后的重要生物标记物之一.以ICAM-1为靶点的药物或能预防和治疗多种急、慢性炎症引起的组织损伤和肿瘤等.     

细胞间黏附分子-1基因多态性与疾病易感性

细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)属于免疫球蛋白超家族成员之一,是一种细胞表面单链糖蛋白,它表达于多种细胞表面,通过识别其受体LFA-1、MAC-1、P150、P95介导细胞-细胞间的黏附,参与多种炎症反应及免疫过程。不同种族和地区研究证实ICAM-1基因多态性与人类多种疾病相关。     

细胞间黏附分子-1基因多态性与缺血性心脑血管疾病

细胞间黏附分子-1在炎症早期介导白细胞与受损内皮细胞的黏附,由于其基因多态性影响了缺血性心脑血管疾病的发生和预后,成为研究热点。本文就该研究领域的新进展做一综述。     

细胞间黏附分子-1基因K469E多态性与冠心病关系的研究

目的：探讨细胞间黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）基因K469E多态性在冠心病及正常人群中的分布，初步分析其基因型及血清水平与冠心病的关系。方法：采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR—RFLP）技术和DNA序列测定法，检测了225例冠心病患者和230例对照者的ICAM-1基因K469E多态性，并用酶联免疫吸附试验检测了ICAM-1的血清水平。结果：冠心病组血清ICAM-1水平显著高于对照组（P〈0．01），ICAM-1基因型及等位基因的分布频率在冠心病组和对照组间比较差异具有显著性（P〈0．05），K等位基因携带者患冠心病的相对风险度是E等位基因的1．430倍（与对照组相比），而患心肌梗死的相对风险度是1．816倍（与心绞痛组相比）。结论：ICAM-1基因K469E多态性与冠心病的发生、发展及该疾病的严重程度密切相关，其中K等位基因可能是冠心病发病的遗传易感基因。     

尘螨抗原对支气管上皮细胞单核细胞趋化蛋白-1表达的影响

目的探讨屋尘螨（Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus，Derp）抗原对支气管上皮细胞单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）表达的影响。方法使支气管上皮细胞BEAS-2B暴露于系列不同浓度（0．02、0．2．2、20μg／ml）的Derp抗原24h至96h，分别观察各时间点细胞的表现，然后用酶联免疫法（ELISA）检测其细胞上清MCP-1的浓度表达。结果正常为未加Derp抗原。表现为单层细胞完全平铺；实验各组在抗原的刺激下，表现为随着浓度和时间的增加，细胞逐渐变瘦长，细胞间距逐渐增大；在无抗原刺激因素培养条件下的对照组，MCP-1释放水平很低，而在加入Derp抗原组，引起细胞分泌MCP-1蛋白水平的显著增加，并随着时间和浓度增加，MCP-1蛋白的表达水平呈上升趋势，特别是在高浓度组，即20μg／ml抗原组，各时间点MCP-1的表达差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论Derp抗原刺激气道上皮细胞，引起支气管上皮损伤和脱落等气道炎症反应，激发单核巨噬细胞产生大量的MCP-1，促成和加重气道炎症反应，因此认为MCP-1可能参与哮喘疾病的某些过程。     

Megsin基因转染对糖尿病小鼠肾脏炎症反应的影响及其机制研究

目的观察megsin基因转染对糖尿病小鼠肾组织单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)及细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)表达的影响,探讨megsin在糖尿病肾病发病机制中的作用。方法制备糖尿病小鼠模型,成模后随机选取10只作为糖尿病组(B组),剩余30只每周1次经尾静脉分别注射空质粒(C组),megsin表达质粒(D组),并设立正常对照组(A组)。实验共4周,于第4周末收集各组小鼠肾组织标本,分别应用Western blot和免疫组织化学染色测定肾组织中megsin、MCP-1、ICAM-1的表达;应用电镜观察肾小球超微结构的改变。结果糖尿病小鼠肾组织megsin、MCP-1及ICAM-1表达增强,基底膜普遍增厚,系膜区基质增多,上皮细胞足突融合;megsin基因转染后上述变化趋势更加显著。结论 megsin可上调MCP-1及ICAM-1表达,促进系膜细胞增殖及系膜外基质积聚,是加速肾小球硬化的可能机制之一。     

缬沙坦对高糖环境中肾小球系膜细胞Megsin表达的影响

目的观察缬沙坦对高糖环境中小鼠肾小球系膜细胞megsin、p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38MAPK)信号通路、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)及细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)表达的影响,探讨缬沙坦对糖尿病肾病的防治作用。方法高糖环境中培养小鼠肾小球系膜细胞,于培养12 h、24 h、48 h末,应用MTT法检测细胞增殖程度,分别应用免疫细胞化学和Western印迹法检测系膜细胞megsin、p-p38MAPK、MCP-1、ICAM-1蛋白表达水平,酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测细胞培养上清Ⅳ型胶原浓度。结果高糖环境中小鼠肾小球系膜细胞megsin、p-p38MAPK、MCP-1及ICAM-1表达增强,细胞增殖明显,细胞上清液中Ⅳ型胶原浓度升高,缬沙坦干预组上述变化明显减弱。结论缬沙坦可下调megsin、p-p38MAPK、MCP-1及ICAM-1表达,抑制系膜细胞增殖及系膜外基质积聚,发挥其独立于降压之外的肾脏保护作用。     

重组人β2糖蛋白1第一结构域对抗磷脂抗体综合征患者血清诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞产生ICAM-1、MCP-1的影响

目的：探讨重组人β2糖蛋白1第一结构域（hrβ2GPⅠDⅠ）对抗磷脂抗体综合征（APS）患者血清诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞产生细胞间黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）的影响。方法：应用hrβ2GPⅠDⅠ二聚体处理前后的APS患者血清分别与人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVEC）共孵育，细胞EL／SA和RT-PCR方法分析处理前后HUVEC表达ICAM-1、MCP-1的变化。结果：hrβ2GPⅠDⅠ二聚体处理后的APS患者血清较处理前相比，与其孵育的HUVEC表达ICAM-1、MCP-1在蛋白和mRNA水平均明显降低。结论：邮：GPⅠDⅠ可中和APS患者血清中的大部分致病性抗β2GPⅠ抗体（anti-β2 GPⅠ）。     

内皮素-1对人系膜细胞表达MMP-3及TIMP-1的影响

目的研究内皮素-1(ET-1)对人系膜细胞(MC)基质金属蛋白酶-3(MMP-3)及其组织抑制剂-1(TIMP-1)表达的影响。方法采用体外MC培养,应用细胞ELISA法测定MC内MMP-3、TIMP-1蛋白的表达。结果ET-1促进MC内MMP-3、TIMP-1蛋白表达,但MMP-3/TIMP-1比值呈剂量及时间依赖性下降。结论ET-1可能是人系膜细胞内MMP-3/TIMP-1比值下降的原因之一,这与肾小球细胞外基质降解受抑密切相关。     

MCP-1对培养的人肾小球内皮细胞表达ICAM-1的影响

目的研究单核细胞趋化蛋白 - 1(MCP- 1)对培养的人肾小球内皮细胞 (HU GEC)表达细胞间粘附分子 - 1(ICAM- 1)的影响。方法采用细胞 EL ISA法。结果 1培养的 HU GEC表面有少量 ICAM- 1表达 ,在 10 ng/ m L MCP- 1刺激后 ICAM- 1表达量增多 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,6 h即有 ICAM- 1表达增强 ,12 h达高峰 ,不同浓度的 MCP- 1(10、2 0、40 ng/ m L)刺激HU GEC18h后 ,ICAM- 1表达与对照组比较差异显著 (P<0 .0 1) ;2加入抗 MCP- 1抗体后 ,ICAM- 1表达量下降 ,与对照组比较无差异 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论 MCP- 1可刺激 HU GEC表达 ICAM- 1增加。     

ERK 1/2介导结缔组织生长因子刺激系膜细胞产生MCP-1

目的检测结缔组织生长因子（CTGF）是否刺激大鼠肾小球系膜细胞分泌单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）,并探讨其作用机制。方法应用CTGF刺激静息的培养的系膜细胞,在刺激后不同时间点应用RT-PCR方法测定MCP-1的mRNA表达,应用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）测定上清液中MCP-1,应用趋化试验测定上清液对单核细胞（THP-1）的趋化作用。应用Western blot测定CTGF对细胞外信号调节激酶（ERK）1／2磷酸化的作用。应用ERK1／2抑制剂PD98059预处理,观察CTGF对上清液中MCP-1分泌的影响。结果应用CTGF刺激后,系膜细胞的MCP-1的mRNA表达上升,上清液中分泌量增加。MCP-1抗体可部分阻止上清液对单核细胞的趋化作用。CTGF诱导ERK1／2磷酸化,而PD98059可抑制这一作用,并部分抑制CTGF诱导的上清液中MCP-1的分泌。结论CTGF可引起系膜细胞分泌MCP-1,其作用机制部分依赖于ERK1／2的磷酸化。     

Binding capacity and pathophysiological effects of IgA1 from patients with IgA nephropathy on human glomerular mesangial cells

IgA deposition in glomerular mesangium and the interaction with mesangial cells may well be the final common pathway to IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Altered hinge-region O-glycosylation of IgA1 from patients with IgAN may predispose to mesangial deposition and activation of the mesangial cell (MC) by IgA1, via a novel IgA1 receptor, and may be a key event in the pathogensis of IgAN. The aim of this study was to investigate the binding capacity and biological effects of IgA1, from both patients with IgAN and healthy controls, on human mesangial cells (HMC). Serum IgA1 was isolated with jacalin affinity chromatography, heated to aggregated form (aIgA1) and labelled with (125)I. Binding capacity of aIgA1 in vitro to cultured primary HMC was evaluated by a radioligand binding assay and the specificity of binding was determined by a competitive inhibition assay. Intracellular calcium release was studied by confocal analysis and phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was determined by Western blot analysis. Change of cell cycles was demonstrated by flow cytometry and HMC proliferation was evaluated by direct cell count. Expression of TGF-beta mRNA and production of supernatant fibronectin were tested by RT-PCR and indirect competitive ELISA, respectively. aIgA1 from both the patients with IgAN and normal controls bound to HMC in a dose-dependent, saturable manner, and was saturated at approximately 500 pmoles per 0.5 ml of aIgA1. aIgA1 from patients with IgAN, however, bound to HMC at a higher speed and Scatchard analysis revealed a Kd of (8.89 +/- 2.1) x 10(-8)m versus (4.3 +/- 1.2) x 10(-7)m for aIgA1 from healthy controls (P = 0.026).The binding was specific because it was only inhibited by unlabelled Mono-IgA1 (mIgA1) and not by serum albumin or IgG. aIgA1 from patients with IgAN could induce release of intracellular calcium, phosphorylation of ERK, DNA synthesis, proliferation of HMC, expression of TGF-betamRNA and secretion of fibronectin in HMC in a similar time-dependent manner as aIgA1 from healthy controls, but the effects were much stronger and the durations were much longer (P < 0.05, respectively). We conclude that aIgA1 from patients with IgAN has a higher binding capacity to HMC and stronger biological effects than aIgA1 from healthy controls. This suggests that direct interaction between IgA1 and HMC and subsequential pathophysiological responses may play an important role in the pathogenesis for IgAN.     

Interferon-gamma stimulates the secretion of IL-1, but not of IL-6, by glomerular mesangial cells.

IL-1 activity in culture supernatant and cell lysate from rat mesangial cells stimulated with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) was measured by a thymocyte proliferation assay. While IFN-gamma alone had no effect on the secretion or the intracellular pool of IL-1, the enhancement by IFN-gamma of IL-1 secretion in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was observed. The stimulatory effect of culture supernatant on thymocyte proliferation was abrogated by preincubation with the anti-IL-1 antibody. At least 4-h incubation with IFN-gamma and LPS was required to detect enhancing effect of IFN-gamma. The addition of as little as 1 U/ml IFN-gamma significantly increased IL-1 secretion in the presence of 10 micrograms/ml LPS. The IL-6 activity in culture supernatants was determined by measurement of thymidine uptake in mouse IL-6-dependent cell line (MH60.BSF2). Mesangial cells secreted IL-6 in culture supernatant without additional stimuli and LPS distinctly increased it as described previously. However, in contrast to IL-1 production, no effect of IFN-gamma on IL-6 secretion was observed in the presence or absence of LPS. Moreover, we determined whether enhanced IL-1 release is associated with Ia expression on mesangial cells. IFN-gamma alone and the combination with LPS induced marked expression of Ia antigen, whereas LPS alone did not. We conclude that IFN-gamma stimulates the production of IL-1, but not IL-6, by mesangial cells and suggest an important role of IFN-gamma in the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis by regulating the mesangial production of IL-1 and the accessory cell function of mesangial cells.     

抗Fas抗体诱导人肾小球系膜细胞凋亡

研究抗Ｆａｓ抗体对人肾小球系膜细胞的致凋亡作用,探讨Ｆａｓ－ＦａｓＬ在肾脏损务中的作用。方法：常规方法分离,培养人肾小球系膜细胞,并传代鉴定,用不同浓度的抗Ｆａｓ抗体刺激４－６代Ｍｃｓ１６ｈ后,荧光染色观察Ｍｃｓ凋亡变化,二苯胺法和ＤＮＡ凝胶电泳方法定量和定性分析ＭｃｓＤＮＡ片段化变化。     

C3 and C4 gene expression and interferon-gamma-mediated regulation in human glomerular mesangial cells.

The glomerular mesangial cell (GMC) plays a key role in the maintenance of glomerular structure and function and in the mediation of glomerular injury. To explore the potential of this cell to produce complement and react to local inflammatory signals, we studied the synthesis and regulation of the third and fourth components of complement in cultured human GMC. Using metabolic labelling and immunoprecipitation, we found that C3 and C4 polypeptide chains were synthesized and secreted by GMC. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) led to an increase in C4 protein synthesis, but not C3 synthesis. There was a corresponding increase in C4 mRNA in IFN-gamma-activated cells, but no increase in C3 mRNA, as determined by semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) estimation. These results demonstrate that human GMC can synthesize C3 and C4 proteins, and that regulation of expression of the C4 gene is mediated by IFN-gamma. We hypothesize that GMC production of complement could influence the clearance of immune aggregates by the kidney and the mediation of glomerular injury.