转基因内皮细胞tpA纤溶活性的变化

利用基因重组技术，将ｔｐＡ ｃＤＮＡ与逆转录病毒载体ＬＮＳＸ重组构成ＬＮＳ－ｔｐＡ，转染病毒包装细胞，形成的重逆转录病毒颗粒再用来感染牛血管内皮细胞。经Ｇ４１８筛选后的单克隆细胞培液，分别经纤维蛋白板法和发色底物法测取活性。结果：经基因转染的ＰＡ３１７细胞和牛血管内皮细胞，在含人纤维蛋白原和凝血酶的纤维蛋白板上出现溶圈；随培养时间的延长，细胞数量增加，ｔｐａdisplay structure     

免疫组化检测转基因内皮细胞TPA基因的表达

从新生小牛的胸主动脉分离血管内皮细胞,经形态学和Ⅷ因子相关抗原免疫染色鉴定,将其培养至一定数量;使用逆转录病毒载体介导的基因转移技术,通过病毒包装细胞,将人tPA(组织型纤溶酶原激活剂)xcDNA导入内皮细胞中,分别用纤维蛋白板法和发色底物法检测到转基因内皮细胞的tPA分泌活性[1].为了对内皮细胞的转基因模型进行更深入地研究,我们又利用免疫组化染色测定了转基因内皮细胞tPA基因的表达.     

逆转录病毒介导人重组骨形态发生蛋白基因转染骨骼肌卫星细胞mRNA的表达

目的：探讨逆转录病毒介导重组人骨形态发生蛋白7（recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein7,rhBMP7)基因转染骨骼肌卫星细胞的可行性及目的基因的表达情况。方法：体外获取和培养大鼠骨骼肌卫星细胞，构建rhBMP7逆转录病毒载体，利用脂质体介导的基因转移技术转染包装细胞PT67，经G418筛选后，制备含目的基因和重组逆转录病毒液，病毒液感染骨骼肌卫星细胞，使用RT－PCR方法检测rhBMP7 mRNA的表达情况。结果：成功地构建了逆转录病毒真核表达载体，逆转录病毒介导rhBM7基因转染的骨骼肌卫星细胞能有效地表达外源性rhBMP7的mRNA。结论：采用逆转录病毒介导的方法可将rhBMP7转染至骨骼肌卫星细胞中，目的基因可在mRNA水平有效表达。     

含人白细胞介素-2基因逆转录病毒载体系统的建立及转染人白血病细胞株的研究

应用逆转录病毒载体LNCIL－2介导人白细胞介素（IL）－2基因经包装细胞PA317包装成重组病毒后，转染人白血病细胞株K562、HL－60，经G418筛选获阳性克隆，阳性克隆上清表达IL－2活性。转染后细胞经Southern检测存在新霉素抗性基因（neoR）。转染IL－2基因的白血病细胞生长速度、克隆形成率均落后于转染空载体或未转染基因的细胞。表明含人IL－2基因逆转录病毒载体系统已成功建立，转染人IL－2基因的白血病细胞增殖活性下降。     

bcl-2基因对血管内皮细胞保护作用的研究

目的探讨转染bcl-2基因对血管内皮细胞的保护作用。方法1.重组真核细胞表达载体:将含编码人bcl-2 cDNA完整开放阅读框的bcl-2 cDNA重组至逆转录病毒载体pLXSN的EcoR Ⅰ位点上,用脂质体包裹重组质粒导入PA317细胞株,并经G418筛选阳性克隆;收集含重组病毒的上清液。2.用含高滴度重组病毒的上清液感染内皮细胞;用PCR法检测转染细胞bcl-2基因和Neo基因,用免疫组织化学方法检测转染细胞bcl-2蛋白表达以证实转染成功。设pLXSN／s-bcl-2、pLXSN、未转染三组。3.观察各组血管内皮细胞在正常培养条件下的生长特征情况,以及在无血清、10％CO2以及10-7M的AngⅡ等不同刺激因素下各组培养血管内皮细胞的生存能力的变化。结果1.成功的重组含bcl-2的真核细胞表达质粒,并经碱基自动测序检测未发现重组的bcl-2基因有碱基丢失或错义配对;2.经PCR检测bcl-2片段和Neo基因片段以及免疫组织化学方法检测转染细胞的bcl-2蛋白表达证实转染成功并获得表达。3.在正常培养条件下各组血管内皮细胞间的形态和生存率无显著差异(p>0.05);4.转染bcl-2基因组血管内皮细胞在无血清、10％CO2以及10-7MAngⅡ等刺激因素下的存活率明显高于转染pLXSN组和未转染组(P<0.05)。结论转染bcl-2基因能显著提高血管内皮细胞的抗损伤能力。     

人DC-SIGN基因克隆及其转基因细胞的构建

目的克隆人DC-SIGN基因,并构建含有该目的基因的重组逆转录病毒载体,获得稳定表达DC-SIGN分子的L929基因转染细胞。方法利用RT-PCR的方法从人外周血单核细胞来源的树突状细胞（DC）总RNA中克隆出人DC-SIGN基因,通过双酶切（EcoRI,BamHI）装入逆转录病毒载体pGEZ-Term中,脂质体法共转染包装细胞293T,用含有完整病毒颗粒的293T细胞的培养上清感染L929细胞,72h后,加入Zeocin进行筛选,挑选出能稳定表达DC-SIGN蛋白的L929细胞株。结果构建了用于表达的含DC-SIGN基因的重组逆转录病毒载体,经转染包装细胞293T后,获得具有感染能力的重组DC-SIGN逆转录病毒和转染L929细胞,继而经RT-PCR、流式细胞仪表型检测,筛选出了稳定表达人DC-SIGN蛋白的L929转基因细胞。结论构建了含人DC-SIGN基因重组逆转录病毒载体和稳定表达人DC-SIGN蛋白的细胞株,为该基因功能的后续研究和单克隆抗体的研制奠定了基础。     

Anti-tumor effect of human endostatin mediated by retroviral gene transfer in nude mice

目的　探讨逆转录病毒介导人血管内皮抑制素基因 (endostatin)对人肝癌细胞的生长抑制作用。方法　利用逆转录病毒载体pLncx构建含有人endostatin基因及信号肽的重组逆转录病毒质粒 ,并将其导入PA317细胞制备重组病毒。用重组病毒感染人肝癌细胞SMMC772 1获得稳定转人endostatin基因细胞株 (SMMC endo)。同样用空白病毒质粒制备对照细胞株SMMC pLncx。免疫组化及Westernblot检测人endostatin基因在转染细胞株中的表达和分泌。应用血管内皮细胞生长抑制试验验证转染细胞株表达的人endostatin的生物学活性。同时对转染细胞株在体内外的生长情况进行观察。结果　免疫组化及Westernblot印迹分析证实转染人endostatin基因的肝癌细胞能表达并分泌人endostatin。与转染空白对照组 (SMMC pLncx)相比 ,表达人endostatin的SMMC772 1浓缩上清可显著抑制人脐静脉血管内皮细胞生长 ,抑制率达 4 8% ,明显高于对照组 10 2 % (P <0 0 1)。体外生长实验显示 ,SMMC endo细胞与对照细胞SMMC pLncx体外生长速率无明显差别。而在转染细胞接种裸鼠 2 2d后 ,转染人endostatin基因的肿瘤细胞生长明显受到抑制 ,仅在部分裸鼠 (3/ 5只 )体内长出肿瘤 ,并且产生的腹侧肿瘤体积较对照组肿瘤缩小 94 5 % (P <0 0 0 1)。结论　逆转     

原发性肝癌基因治疗研究—含人TNF基因重组逆转录病毒转移系统的构建与表达

将人ＴＮＦα基因克隆到重组逆转录病毒载体ｐＲＵＦｎｅｏ，构建了含人ＴＮＦ基因重组逆转录病毒载体ＲＵＦ－ＴＮＦ。将ＲＵＦ－ＴＮＦ转染包装细胞ＦｌｙＡ１３，经药物筛选获得稳定分泌含人ＴＮＦ基因重组逆转录病毒的细胞株ＦｌｙＲＵＦＮ１４。ＦｌｙＲＵＦＮ１４产生的病毒上清液能直接转染靶细胞Ｓａｏｓ－２。本研究建立的逆转录病毒介导的ＴＮＦ基因转移系统为肝癌及其他恶性肿瘤的基因治疗提供了条件。     

逆转录病毒介导人重组骨形态发生蛋白基因转染骨骼肌卫星细胞mRNA的表达

目的探讨逆转录病毒介导重组人骨形态发生蛋白7(recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 7, rhBMP7)基因转染骨骼肌卫星细胞的可行性及目的基因的表达情况。方法体外获取和培养大鼠骨骼肌卫星细胞,构建rhBMP7逆转录病毒载体,利用脂质体介导的基因转移技术转染包装细胞PT67,经G418筛选后,制备含目的基因的重组逆转录病毒液,病毒液感染骨骼肌卫星细胞,使用RT-PCR方法检测rhBMP7 mRNA的表达情况。结果成功地构建了逆转录病毒真核表达载体,逆转录病毒介导rhBM7基因转染的骨骼肌卫星细胞能有效地表达外源性rhBMP7 的mRNA。结论采用逆转录病毒介导的方法可将rhBMP7转染至骨骼肌卫星细胞中,目的基因可在mRNA水平有效表达。     

原发性肝癌基因治疗研究——含人TNF基因重组逆转录病毒转移系…

将人ＴＮＦα基因克隆到重组逆转录病毒载体ｐＲＵＦｎｅｏ，构建了含人ＴＮＦ基因重组逆转录病毒载本ＲＵＦ－ＴＮＦ。将ＲＵＦ－ＴＮＦ转染包装细胞Ｆｌｙ Ａ１３，经药物筛选获得稳定分泌含人ＴＮＦ基因重组逆转录病毒的细胞株ＦｌｙＲＵＦＮ１４。ＦｌｙＲＵＦＮ１４产生的病毒上清液能直接转染靶细胞Ｓａｏｓ－２。本研究建立的逆转录病毒介导的ＴＮＦ基因转移系统为肝癌及其他恶性肿瘤的基因治疗提供了条件。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.