胃食管反流病反流症状程度及相关因素的临床分析

胃食管反流病（gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD）是指胃内容物反流人食管引起不适症状和（或）并发症的一种疾病,包括食管症状（反流症状属于食管症状）以及食管外症状两大类。本研究对轻度和重度反流症状的GERD患者的人口学特征、生活质量、精神心理状态等资料进行了调查,旨在为深人了解GERD并能为临床治疗提供一些帮助。     

胃食管反流病的呼吸系统并发症

胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease，GERD)是由于胃、十二指肠内容物反流入食管引起的反酸、反食、烧心等症状或组织损害，常合并食管炎。临床上，即使有典型的GERD症状。X线、内镜检查亦可无异常发现；有的表现为心绞痛样胸痛或哮喘、咽喉炎等，可能在相当长的时间内不被认识。因而得不到合理的治疗；部分严重者可发展成Barrett食管。甚至癌变。目前，GERD所导致的呼吸系统疾病越来越受到了人们的重视。本文就GERD引起的呼吸系统并发症作一综述。     

胃食管反流病452例分析

目的通过对452例胃食管反流病临床分析、初步探索其发病规律和病因．方法在2000例内镜检查中检出胃食管反流病452例，从发病年龄、性别、临床症状、疾病分类、Hp感染及实验室检查等方面进行综合分析，按一般统计学处理，初步探讨其发病规律和病因．结果从2000例内镜检查中检出452例胃食管反流病，检出率为22．6％，高于广州、四川等地．发病年龄20岁一50岁偏多，男女之比相当，同广州、四川等地．临床症状以反酸、烧心。嗳气、胸痛为主．疾病分类依次为：单纯性胃反流235例（51．7％）；食管、贲门反流92例（20．4％）；胃食管、责门反流44例（9．7％）；胃反流伴胃溃25例（5．8％）；胃反流伴糜烂、出血20例（4．4％），胃反流伴球炎15例（3．3％）；胃反流伴球溃13例（2．9％）；反流性残胃炎8例（1．8％）．经临床检查，综合分析其发病因素，主要是胃肠运动功能障碍，致使食管下段和幽门括约肌张力降低所致胃肠内容物反流引起．同时发现30岁～50岁女性偏多，可能因体内雌性激素紊乱，而引起胃肠运动功能障碍所致；以及部分患者有肝胆疾病或胃、胆手术切除后引起．结论胃食管反流病主要是胃肠功能运动障碍，以及内分泌紊乱、胆疾病引起．     

胃食管反流病

患者：男,58岁。主诉：反酸烧心5年余。 1．病例特点介绍患者诉近5年来间断出现反酸、烧心、胸骨后不适,近期症状加重．故就诊,     

消化内科门诊胃食管反流病诊断问卷诊断胃食管反流病的状况及症状特征分析

目的利用胃食管反流病诊断问卷（Reflux disease questionnaire,RDQ）分析消化专家门诊胃食管反流病（GERD）患病情况及患者症状特征。方法对就诊于我院消化专家门诊的1636例患者进行RDQ问卷调查,得分≥12分者诊断为GERD。根据RDQ内容对GERD患者症状特点进行分析。结果1636例消化专家门诊的患者中,GERD的发生率为10．8％。男女发病无差异（11．0％VS10．5％,P〉0．05）。60岁以上年龄组GERD的患病率最高（14．6％）,而15～30岁年龄组患病率最低（7．7％）。各年龄组内患病率性别间比较差异无显著性。GERD症状中,烧心与反酸为最常见的症状。症状频率积分比严重程度积分更重要（P〈0．05）。结论消化门诊就诊患者GERD患病率较高。GERD患病无性别差异。老年人的GERD患病率高于其他年龄组。烧心和反酸为GERD最常见的症状。症状发生频率比严重程度对GERD的诊断更有意义。     

胃食管反流病误诊为咽喉疾病48例临床分析

目的探讨胃食管反流病误诊原因,提出防范误诊措施。方法对48例胃食管反流病误诊资料进行回顾性分析。结果48例患者主要表现为咽痛、清咽、咽部阻塞感、咽不适感等胃肠外症状。喉镜检查均见咽喉部黏膜充血、水肿、咽后壁有淋巴小结增生。经胃镜检查、诊断性治疗诊断胃食管反流病。给予质子泵抑制剂及促胃动力药。结论部分胃食管反流病以咽喉症状为主要表现,易误诊为咽喉疾病,应仔细鉴别胃食管反流病,行胃镜检查或24h食管PH值测定及其他寻找胃食管反流证据的检查、给予质子泵抑制剂诊断性治疗,有助于正确诊断。     

小儿胃食管反流病68例临床分析

胃食管反流病（GERD）是危害新生儿和婴儿健康成长的严重病变,它不仅引起胃、食管的损害,还可引起食管内外一系列并发症。2000年1月～2006年6月,我院收治68例0～7岁GERD患儿。现对其临床资料分析如下。     

十二指肠胃食管反流在胃食管反流病中的作用

目的　研究十二指肠胃食管反流 (DGER)在胃食管反流病发病机制中的作用及其对非糜烂性反流病 (NERD)的诊断价值。方法　 95例患者根据内镜检查的结果分为反流性食管炎和NERD组 ,对其均进行 2 4h食管 pH和胆汁联合监测。 结果　反流性食管炎患者DGER的各项指标 :吸光度值 >0 14时间百分比 (% )、总反流次数和反流 >5min的次数分别为 19 0 5± 2 3 4 4、30 5 6±34 0 4和 5 90± 6 37,均显著高于NERD组相应的 7 2 6± 11 0 8、15 6 8± 2 0 92和 2 5 9± 3 5 7(P <0 0 5 ) ,而酸反流差异无显著性 ,随着反流性食管炎的程度加重DGER发生率增高 ;18 2 %的NERD患者存在单纯DGER ,联合胆汁监测可使NERD诊断阳性率由 6 5 9%升高到 84 1%。结论　DGER可以单独发生 ,在引起反流性食管黏膜损伤或症状方面都有作用 ,2 4h食管 pH和胆汁联合监测有助于NERD的诊断。     

胃食管反流病食管动力学研究进展

胃食管反流病（ＧＥＲＤ）是消化科常见多发病，因其有较高的人群相关症状发生率（西方国家约７％～１５％［１］，我国约为７６８％［２］）和较严重的并发症，而受到广泛的关注．在以往的研究中已经认识到，ＧＥＲＤ是以胃食管动力障碍为主要病理机制的疾病，但由于该...     

胃食管反流病合并肺部感染21例临床分析

<正>胃食管反流病(gastroesophageal reflux disease,GERD)是指胃、十二指肠内容物反流至食管、口腔、咽喉及肺部,引起一系列复杂的临床症状及并发症,该病的发生率逐年上升~([1-2]),GERD除了有反酸、烧心、吞咽困难等食管内综合征,还有可能出现慢性咳嗽、气喘等食管外综合征,严重影响患者的工作和生活质量。肥胖、吸烟、饮酒及高龄者是GERD的危险因素,严重者可发生肺部感染。本文对我院2015年1月至2018年12月住院治疗的GERD患者合并肺部感染者21例进行分析,现报道如下。资料与方法一、一般资料     

胃食管反流病胃肌电活动的变化

目的 分析描述胃食管反流病(GERD)患者的胃肌电活动特点,探讨胃肌电活动的变化在GERD发病中的作用,以期有助于临床诊疗.方法 对65例GERD患者和30例健康志愿者进行餐前、餐后体表胃电图监测.根据内镜检查结果,把GERD患者分为反流性食管炎(RE)组、非糜烂性反流病(NERD)组,行组间胃电参数比较,随访19例胃电节律异常的GERD患者,观察治疗前后胃电参数的变化.结果 GERD组的主频(DF)正常慢波节律百分比(N%)、餐前餐后功率比(PR)与对照组相比明显降低(P<0.05或0.01).胃电节律紊乱,以胃动过缓为主.经1周治疗后,GERD异常胃电参数明显正常化(P<0.05或0.01).餐前RE组胃电节律异常的发生率(37.5%)显著高于NERD组(12.1%).餐后胃电节律异常的发生率RE组和NERD组分别为71.9%和60.6%,两者没有统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 GERD患者存在餐前、餐后胃肌电活动异常,异常胃电节律以胃动过缓节律为主,胃电图能为GERD诊断提供依据.     

Study of Respiratory Disorders in Endoscopically Negative and Positive Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Background/Aim:

The relation between respiratory disorders and reflux symptoms has been debated since the beginning of the last century and the interest in this question has increased during the last few decades. This study aims to investigate the relation between specified respiratory disorders and reflux symptoms and examine the correlations between respiratory disorders and endoscopic findings in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Patients and Methods:

This study included 515 patients evaluated for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) by patient self-report symptom questionnaire; modified four grade Likert scale and endoscopic assessment using endoscopic Los Angeles Classification. All participants were asked about various respiratory symptoms experienced during the past six months and exposed to measuring body mass index (BMI), medical history, pulmonary physical examination, chest X-ray, respiratory function tests and available sleep studies.

Results:

A total number of 515 patients were categorized according to endoscopic findings into two groups; (group1) subjects with normal endoscopic studies (NERD) 118 (22.9%) patients and (group2) subjects with abnormal endoscopic studies (ERD) 397 (77.1%). The proportion of females was significantly higher in ERD group (80.1%) as compared with NERD group (62.7%) (P<0.02). Duration of reflux symptoms found to be significantly prolonged in ERD group (P<0.03). The cases of ERD group were more likely to be overweight (BMI > 25) P<0.02. History of pulmonary symptoms preceding GERD symptoms was found in 15% of patients. There were 294 patients (57.1%) with different pulmonary manifestations. These manifestations were significantly higher among female group (P<0.01) and among obese, above 40 years old (P<0.001, 0.05 respectively). Among all patients with respiratory manifestations the commonest disorders diagnosed were chronic pharyngitis (50.3%), chronic bronchitis (15.8%), bronchial asthma (12.6%) and recurrent pneumonia (3.3%). Obstructive sleep apnea and recurrent hemoptysis were present in 2.7% and 1.5% of the studied patients respectively. There were three cases of chronic lung abscess. There was a significant difference between ERD and NERD groups in their relations to respiratory disorders (P<0.001). There were statistically significant differences in FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC (P<0.02, P<0.05 and P<0.05) respectively in ERD group as compared with NERD group.

Conclusion:

The study confirms the strong link between gastroesophageal reflux symptoms and various respiratory disorders. Endoscopy of the upper digestive tract remains an important exam in the evaluation of GERD. Respiratory symptoms are more prevalent among erosive esophagitis patients with a positive correlation with degree of severity. There is direct relationship between the severity of airways obstruction as detected by FEV₁ and FEV1/FVC and GER symptoms.     

The Effect of Gastroesophageal Flap Valve Appearance on the Management of Patients with Symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Purpose To assess the effectiveness of anti-reflux treatment in gastroesophageal reflux disease patients classified according to esophagogastric junction morphology (Hill classification). Results A symptom score and endoscopic grading of gastrooesophageal flap valve appearance were determined in 49 symptomatic patients (female 26, male 23; mean age 49 years, range 21–76 years). Patients received 8 weeks of continuous rabeprazole at a daily dose of 20 mg and, upon symptom control, continued with on-demand treatment for 3 months. The mean symptom score at 8 weeks was significantly reduced in all groups. However, at the end of the on-demand therapy, patients with Hill grade IV had used more rabeprazole tablets than those in the two other groups (II: 10.86 ± 14.52, III: 14.73 ± 14.58, IV: 25.78 ± 15.85; P = 0.002). Conclusions Continuous treatment is effective in all groups of patients with reflux disease. Grading patients according to the gastroesophageal flap valve appearance is useful as a prognostic factor, especially when on-demand therapy is considered to be an option. The authors who have taken part in this study declare that they have no relationship with the manufacturers of the drugs involved and did not receive funding from the manufacturers to carry out their research. The authors did not receive money from any source to carry out this study.     

Effect of Cholecystectomy on Gastric and Esophageal Bile Reflux in Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Symptoms

Epidemiologic data have shown that cholecystectomy is associated with a moderately increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. The study objective was to evaluate the role of refluxed bile. A total of 696 patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms were included in the study, of whom 55 had a history of cholecystectomy (CHE). Bilirubin exposure was measured in percent time above absorbance 0.25 in the stomach and above 0.14 in the esophagus. Total gastric and esophageal bilirubin exposure was similar in both groups. Supine gastric bile reflux was slightly increased after cholecystectomy (30.6 ± 30.2 vs. CHE: 37.1 ± 29.5, P < 0.05). In patients with erosive esophagitis or Barrett’s esophagus, there were differences in total gastric exposure (24.3 ± 22.6 vs. CHE: 36.7 ± 26.8, P < 0.05) but not in esophageal exposure. Cholecystectomy slightly augments bile reflux into the stomach without detectable differences in the esophagus. Therefore, increased esophageal bile reflux following cholecystectomy as a potential cause for the associated cancer risk could not be substantiated.     

联合应用雷贝拉唑、铝碳酸镁和莫沙比利治疗难治性胃食管反流病202例疗效观察

目的 探讨联合应用雷贝拉唑、铝碳酸镁和莫沙比利治疗难治性胃食管反流病(rGERD)的临床疗效.方法 将202例rGERD患者随机分为A(n=72)、B(n=68)和C组(n=62),分别采用雷贝拉唑+铝碳酸镁+莫沙比利、雷贝拉唑+莫沙比利及铝碳酸镁+莫沙比利治疗.4及8周后评价临床症状,8周后评价内镜下有效率.结果 治疗4周后,A、B和C组患者临床症状总改善率分别为88.9%、79.4%和61.3%,A组与B、C组相比差异显著(X2=7.3531,P<0.05).治疗8周后,A、B和C组患者临床症状总改善率分别为97.2%、88.2%和71.0%,内镜下有效率分别为94.4%、85.3%和67.7%,A组临床症状总改善率和内镜下有效率与B、C组相比存在显著性差异(X2=9.6079,P<0.01;X2=8.6496,P<0.05).结论 雷贝拉唑联合铝碳酸镁和莫沙比利治疗rGERD有良好的临床疗效.     

Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Symptoms and Uninvestigated Dyspepsia in Korea: A Population-Based Study

Various reports on the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and uninvestigated dyspepsia have been conducted in Western countries. We sought to determine the frequency of GERD symptoms and uninvestigated dyspepsia in Korea. Telephone interviews were conducted with 1,044 individuals. Of all subjects, 7.1% reported that GERD symptoms were present at least once a week, and 3.8% at least twice a week. The prevalence of heartburn according to educational level and acid regurgitation according to age was significantly different (P < 0.05). The prevalence of uninvestigated dyspepsia was reported as 12.2%. Dyspepsia was divided into subgroups of 34% ulcer-like, 56% dysmotility-like, and 10% nonspecific. The occurrence of dyspepsia did not vary according to age, gender, educational level and household income. As frequency of GERD symptoms increased, quality of life significantly decreased. We concluded that GERD symptoms and uninvestigated dyspepsia were prevalent in Korea. The prevalence was similar to that of other Asian countries.     

Presenting Symptoms of Nonerosive and Erosive Esophagitis in Pediatric Patients

Children and adolescents with symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and erosive esophagitis (EE) of grade ≥2 (n=45) or nonerosive esophagitis (NEE) (n=45) were assessed to determine the relationship between presenting symptoms, esophagitis severity, and patient age. Overall, regurgitation/vomiting, abdominal pain, and cough were the most frequent symptoms. The prevalence and severity of anorexia/feed refusal was significantly greater in EE versus NEE children; this symptom was also significantly more prevalent in younger (1–5 years) children (both NEE and EE groups) compared to older children. Cough was significantly less severe in NEE adolescents than in younger children. Cough, anorexia/feed refusal, and regurgitation/vomiting were more severe and heartburn was less severe in EE children aged 1–5 years compared with older patients. In conclusion, GERD in children manifests differently than that in adults and symptoms vary with patient age. Symptoms were not predictive of presence or lack of mucosal damage.