血清脂联素水平与冠心病严重程度的关系

目的探讨血清脂联素（APN）水平与冠心病及其病变严重程度的相关性。方法选取135例行冠状动脉造影的患者,分别按Gensini积分、冠状动脉病变数目及临床诊断分组,进行血清APN测定。结果Gensini积分0分组（74.53±30.76ng/mL）和〈20分组（62.99±26.51ng/mL）APN水平分别显著高于20～40分组（44.06±15.18ng/mL）和〉40分组（28.96±11.87ng/mL）,P均〈0.01。20～40分组APN水平高于〉40分组（P〈0.05）。APN水平与Gensini积分的对数呈负相关（r=-0.556,P〈0.001）。对照组APN水平显著高于单支、双支和三支病变组（74.14±29.48ng/mL比55.29±23.40ng/mL、49.31±25.61ng/mL和38.39±15.57ng/mL,P均〈0.01）,单支病变组APN水平显著高于三支病变组（P〈0.01）。急性冠状动脉综合征组APN水平显著低于非冠心病组和稳定型心绞痛组（47.59±23.57ng/mL比67.05±31.53ng/mL、62.29±26.62ng/mL,P〈0.01和P〈0.05）。结论APN与冠状动脉狭窄程度、范围以及稳定性显著相关,有助于临床评价冠心病病变程度及其进展。     

血浆N-末端脑钠肽前体水平与冠状动脉病变程度的关系

目的:观察不同程度冠状动脉(冠脉)病变患者的血浆N-末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)水平的变化,探讨血浆NT-proBNP水平与冠脉病变严重程度的关系。方法:入选180例均经冠脉造影术确诊冠心病的患者,根据冠脉病变的程度分为单支组、双支组、多支组;另选30例非冠心病者作对照组。测定各组血浆NT-proB-NP水平和左室射血分数。结果:对照组、单支、双支和多支组血浆NT-proBNP水平分别为(65.53±5.73)、(255.84±28.37)、(442.78±86.43)、(940.00±215.35)ng/L;各冠脉病变组的明显高于对照组(P0.01),且随冠脉病变支数增加而增高。血浆NT-proBNP水平与冠脉病变血管支数(r=0.815,P0.01)及冠脉造影Gensini积分(r=0.870,P0.01)呈显著正相关,与LVEF(r=-0.215,P0.05)呈负相关,多元逐步回归分析显示血浆NT-proBNP水平对冠脉病变程度有独立的预测价值。结论:血浆NT-proBNP水平可以反映冠脉病变程度。     

急性冠脉综合征病人NT-proBNP水平与冠状动脉Gensini评分的相关性研究

目的探讨急性冠脉综合征(ACS)病人N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)水平与冠状动脉病变严重程度的关系。方法选取本院心内科收治的急性冠脉综合征病人75例,分为急性心肌梗死组36例,不稳定型心绞痛组39例,行冠状动脉造影及介入治疗,并测定病人N末端脑钠肽前体水平,与对照组(冠状动脉造影阴性)进行对比研究,分析冠状动脉病变程度Gensini积分与N末端脑钠肽前体的关系。结果 AMI组及UA组NT-proBNP水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01),AMI组NT-proBNP水平高于UA组,差异也有统计学意义(P0.01)。血浆NT-proBNP水平随Gensini积分的增高而增高,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论急性冠脉综合征病人N末端脑钠肽前体水平较高,且随冠脉病变程度增加而增加。     

急性冠脉综合征患者血清氮末端脑钠尿肽原水平与冠脉病变程度的关系

目的:探讨急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者血清氮末端脑钠尿肽原（NT-proBNP）水平与冠脉病变程度之间的关系。方法: 对150例因胸痛入院的患者行选择性冠状动脉造影,其中ACS组78例,稳定型心绞痛(SAP)组33例,冠状动脉造影正常组39例,采用冠状动脉造影Gensini积分评价冠状动脉病变的严重程度,同期测定患者血清NT-proBNP及左室射血分数（LVEF）,分析NT-proBNP基线水平与LVEF及Gensini积分的关系。结果: ①ACS组NT-proBNP浓度明显高于SAP组与正常组（均P<0.05）。SAP组NT-proBNP浓度明显高于正常组（P<0.05）。②ACS患者NT-proBNP水平与Gensini积分呈正相关（Pearson偏相关系数r＝0.84,P<0.01）。③多元逐步回归结果显示,ACS患者,影响NT-proBNP浓度的因素为冠状动脉造影积分和LVEF（冠状动脉造影Gensini积分的偏决定系数R2=0.8327,P<0.01;LVEF 的偏决定系数R2=0.0034,P>0.05）。结论: ACS患者血清NT-proBNP水平与冠脉病变程度高度相关。     

冠心病患者血清可溶性低密度脂蛋白受体、髓系相关蛋白8/14复合物及嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白水平变化及临床意义

目的 观察冠心病患者血清可溶性低密度脂蛋白受体(sLR11)、髓系相关蛋白8/14复合物(MRP8/14)及嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白(ECP)水平的变化,探讨其与冠状动脉病变程度及斑块稳定性的关系.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附法检测71例急性冠状动脉综合征患者、51例稳定型心绞痛患者及53例健康对照者血清sLR11、MRP8/14及ECP的水平.所有入组者均行冠状动脉造影,计数冠状动脉病变Gensini积分及冠状动脉病变支数,并与血清sLR11、MRP8/14及ECP水平进行相关分析.结果 急性冠状动脉综合征组、稳定型心绞痛组sLR11、MRP8/14及ECP水平显著高于对照组(P<0.01);急性冠状动脉综合征组sLR11(30.50±10.48 ng/L比22.13±6.33 ng/L)、MRP8/14水平(40.30±12.59 ng/L比29.12±10.27 ng/L)明显高于稳定型心绞痛组(均P<0.05),ECP水平略高于稳定型心绞痛组,但差异无显著性(29.47±7.16 μg/L比23.73±5.67 μg/L,P>0.05).冠状动脉3支病变组血清sLR11、ECP水平明显高于2支病变组和单支病变组(均P<0.05),而2支病变组与单支病变组差异无显著性(P>0.05).sLR11、ECP水平与冠状动脉病变Gensini积分呈正相关,而MRP8/14水平与冠状动脉病变支数、冠状动脉病变Gensini积分无显著相关(P>0.05).结论 冠心病患者血清sLR11、ECP水平与冠状动脉病变支数及狭窄程度相关,ECP与斑块的生长稳定有关,MRP8/14水平的提高可能提示动脉粥样硬化斑块的不稳定性,可预测急性冠状动脉事件的发生.冠心病患者sLR11、MRP8/14及ECP水平明显升高,对判断冠心病的类型及病情演变有重要意义,有望成为冠心病患者新的生物标志物.     

非糖尿病急性冠状动脉综合征与急性高血糖的关系

目的:分析冠状动脉的病变程度与应激性高血糖水平的关系.方法:选择126例接受冠状动脉造影的非糖尿病急性冠状动脉综合征住院患者并监测其入院后24 h内血糖水平.根据冠状动脉病变的程度分为单支病变组、双支病变组和多支病变组.结果:多支病变组入院24 h内血糖值显著高于双支病变组[(9.9±1.0 )mmol/L∶(7.6±1.3 )mmol/L]及单支病变组[(9.9±1.0) mmol/L∶(5.9±0.4 )mmol/L],均P＜0.01.双支病变组入院24 h内血糖值同样显著高于单支病变组[(7.6±1.3) mmol/L∶(5.9±0.4 )mmol/L),P＜0.01.结论:在非糖尿病急性冠状动脉综合征患者中,急性期血糖值在一定程度与冠状动脉病变程度相关.     

左心室射血分数正常的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者氨基末端B型利钠肽原水平与冠状动脉病变的关系

目的:探讨左心室射血分数(LVEF)正常的且无明显舒张性心力衰竭症状的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者血浆氨基末端B型利钠肽原(NT-proBNP)浓度与冠状动脉(冠脉)狭窄程度、冠脉病变数量及左前降支病变的关系。方法:收集符合条件的STEMI患者280例,在入院24 h内检测其血浆NT-proBNP浓度,并对其根据Gensini评分系统评估冠脉病变狭窄严重程度,分为Gensini评分30分组(n=94),Gensini评分30~60分组(n=87),Gensini评分60分组(n=99);根据冠脉病变的数量分为单支病变组(n=78)、双支病变组(n=105)及三支病变组(n=97);根据罪犯血管是否为前降支分为前降支组(n=146)和非前降支组(n=134),对各组结果进行比较分析。结果:血浆NT-proBNP浓度Gensini评分60分组显著高于Gensini评分30分组和Gensini评分30~60分组,Gensini评分30~60分组显著高于Gensini评分30分组;冠脉病变的支数越多,血浆NT-proBNP浓度越高(pg/ml,336.90±176.70vs 608.70±331.20 vs 1176.70±492.50);前降支组血浆NT-proBNP浓度高于非前降支组(pg/ml,1199.40±725.00 vs607.40±244.20),上述比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。血浆NT-proBNP浓度与Gensini积分Pearson相关分析显示两者呈正相关(r=0.278,P0.05)。结论:STEMI患者血浆NT-proBNP浓度与冠脉病变严重程度呈正相关,对其三支血管病变及前降支血管是否为罪犯血管具有一定预测价值,常规检测NT-proBNP浓度有助于STEMI患者的危险分层及临床诊疗。     

ACS患者血浆vWF和PAI-1水平与冠状动脉狭窄的相关性研究

目的探讨血浆假性血友病因子(vWF)、组织型纤溶酶原激活物抑制物(PAI-1)水平与冠状动脉狭窄的相关性。方法测定58例急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者vWF和PAI-1含量,按造影结果分为单支病变与多支病变组,Gensini法计算冠脉造影积分。结果多支病变组与单支病变组的vWF水平分别为(160.39±35.07)%与(134.06±24.91)%,PAI-1水平分别为66.42 ng/mL±14.10 ng/mL与54.30 ng/mL±10.32 ng/mL,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);vWF、PAI-1水平与冠脉病变数及积分有明显相关性。结论 vWF,PAI-1水平与急性冠脉综合征患者冠状动脉狭窄相关。     

晚期糖基化终产物与冠状动脉病变程度的相关性分析

目的 分析血清糖基化终末产物(AGEs)水平与冠心病及冠状动脉病变程度的相关性,探讨其在冠状动脉粥样硬化病变中的作用.方法 队列选取行冠状动脉造影术的患者共120例,分为糖尿病组与非糖尿病组,两组分别根据冠状动脉造影结果分为无病变组、单支、多支病变三个亚组(单支、多支病变合为冠心病亚组),检测AGEs水平,同时对冠状动脉造影结果进行评价及Gensini积分.结果 非糖尿病组冠心病患者AGEs较无病变组升高[(43.25 ± 16.36) mg/L比(33.35±13.17) mg/L,P=0.006],但不同病变支数组间比较未见统计学差异.糖尿病组中无病变组、单支、多支病变组AGEs水平依次升高[(35.73±21.25)ng/L,(46.45±11.52) ng/L,(68.44±33.52) ng/L,均为P＜0.05],糖尿病患者AGEs与Gensini积分呈正相关(r=0.244,P=0.009).Logistic回归分析显示,AGEs是冠心病的独立危险因素(OR =0.064,95％ CI:1.024 ～1.111,P=0.002).结论 AGEs促进冠状动脉粥样硬化的发生、发展,且与糖尿病患者冠状动脉病变程度呈正相关.     

同型半胱氨酸与冠脉病变程度及斑块的关系

目的探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hey）水平与冠状动脉病变程度及斑块稳定性的关系。方法对200例可疑冠心病患者行冠状动脉造影,根据冠状动脉造影结果分为冠状动脉造影正常的对照组（54例）和冠心病组（146例）;冠心病组根据临床类型分为急性冠状动脉综合征组（ACS组,115例）和稳定型心绞痛组（SAP组,31例）。以Gensini积分评价动脉粥样硬化病变程度,以临床类型评价斑块稳定性。检查所有患者血浆Hcy、高敏C-反应蛋白（hs—CRP）等指标,分析Hey、hs—CRP与Gensini积分、斑块稳定性的关系。结果ACS组和SAP组Hcy水平均显著高于对照组[（28．8±6．5）mol／L比（10．2±4．1）mol／L,（16．3±5．7）mol／L比（10．2±4．1）mol／L,P均〈0．05],而且随着冠状动脉病变Gensini积分的增加而逐渐升高;ACS组Hey水平较SAP组高（P〈0．05）。结论冠心病患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与冠状动脉粥样硬化病变程度明显相关,且与斑块稳定性呈正相关。     

Coronary Sarcoidosis Presenting as Acute Coronary Syndrome

Sarcoidosis is a systemic disorder of uncertain etiology characterized by noncaseating granulomatous inflammation. The disease often involves the heart on autopsy, but the antemortem diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis is frequently missed. Cardiac involvement usually includes granulomatous inflammation or fibrosis of the myocardium, conduction system, or pericardium. We now describe a case of epicardial coronary involvement by sarcoidosis, where the diagnosis was made by surgical biopsy of the coronary artery in an African American man presenting with acute coronary syndrome and recurrent symptomatic restenosis following coronary intervention. The case extends the spectrum of common cardiac syndromes that cardiac sarcoidosis can masquerade as and highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for early recognition and instituting specific treatment that might improve prognosis. A review of the literature also suggests the need for improvement in diagnostic approaches and prospective clinical trials to establish the best management strategy for this disease. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Coronary Atherosclerotic Precursors of Acute Coronary Syndromes

Background

The association of atherosclerotic features with first acute coronary syndromes (ACS) has not accounted for plaque burden.

Coronary Thromboembolism with Fatal Outcome Following Coronary Angiography

ABSTRACT A case of fatal thromboembolic occlusion of the left coronary artery at selective coronary arteriography is described. The course of events and the findings at autopsy suggest that thrombotic material was deposited on one intravascular catheter and transferred to a second catheter inserted over the same guide wire. Contrast injection through the second catheter into the left coronary ostium resulted in immediate and fatal occlusion of the two major branches of the left coronary artery.     

Spontaneous Multivessel Coronary Spasm During Diagnostic Coronary Angiography

Acute vasospastic angina, formerly known as Prinzmetal angina, is characterized by transient electrocardiographic changes that are not related to exertion. Its atypical presentation makes it difficult to establish the diagnosis, so it is probably underrecognized and therefore mismanaged. We treated a 49-year-old woman who presented with a 2-day history of chest pain associated with palpitations. Abnormal radionuclide stress test results prompted diagnostic coronary angiography, during which the patient reported chest pain and became hemodynamically unstable. Active coronary vasospasm at multiple sites was treated with intracoronary nitroglycerin and nicardipine, leading to immediate recovery.Our case highlights the importance of accurate, timely diagnosis of vasospastic angina, and of early recognition and management of spontaneous coronary spasm during angiography.     

Coronary collaterals

A 79-year-old man with onset of typical angina pectoris wasreferred to our institution for suspected coronary artery disease.We performed non-invasive coronary angiography using