慢性乙型肝炎乙型肝炎病毒核心启动子区和前核心区基因变异后的预后分析

目的 为了解慢性乙型肝炎患者乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)核心启动子(BCP)区和前核心(前C)区基因变异后的临床转归及其预后。方法 采用DNA序列分析法检测123例HBV DNA阳性的慢性乙型肝炎患者血清HBV BCP区(nt1762、nt1764)和前C区(nt1896)基因序列,并同步进行乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)、乙型肝炎e抗体(抗-HBe)定量及肝功能检测。结果 123例患者HBV BCP区(A1762T、G1764A)和前C区(G1896A)基因变异检出率为76.42％;其中肝炎肝硬化(HLC)患者双变异(A1762T、G1764A)和联合变异(A1762T、G1764A、G1896A)率最高(52．94％与29．41％);慢性重型肝炎患者终止变异(G1896A)率最高(42．86％);HBeAg／抗HBe转换率分别为：双变异组23.91％,终止变异组75．00％,联合变异组84．00％,无变异组13．79％。结论 HBV BCP双变异、前C终止变异和联合变异均可引起慢性乙型肝炎病情加重及肝硬化的发生,但严重肝损伤与这3种变异之间可能无因果关系,只是HBV减少病毒蛋白的产生,逃避免疫监视的一种方式;推测BCP双变异和联合变异可能是引起HLC的重要病因之一;BCP区变异患者时干扰素治疗敏感。     

乙型肝炎病毒基因型与基本核心启动子及前C区变异对疾病进展的影响

目的 应用测序列的方法，探讨乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）基因型在南京地区的流行病学状况和HBV基因型与基本核心启动子（BCP）及前C区变异对疾病进展的影响。方法 选用南京地区94例HBV感染患者血清，其中慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）44例、慢性重型乙型肝炎（CSH）、肝硬化（LC）和肝细胞癌（HCC）50例，应用测序列的方法测定HBV的S基因序列以确定其基因型，测定C基因序列以确定其变异状况。结果 南京地区94例HBV感染患者的HBV基因型以B型和C型为主，分别为40例（42．6％）和54例（57．4％），未发现其他型和混合型，CHB组与HCC、CSH和LC组病毒基因型分布差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），对于不同病情的HBV感染患者，基本核心启动子变异区（T1762／A1764双变异）变异差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；而不同基因型的患者基本核心启动子变异差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。前C区变异（A1896变异）在不同病情和不同基因型的患者中，差异均无统计学意义。结论 南京地区流行的HBV主要基因型是B和C，C型感染可以引起较重的肝病，尤其是BCP发生双变异者；HBV基因型是影响临床表现的重要因素之一。     

HBsAg和HBsAb双阳患者前C/C区基因突变分析

目的 探讨乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)和乙型肝炎表面抗体(HBsAb)同时阳性(以下简称双阳)患者前C/C区基因突变的特点及其与S区基因突变的关系.方法 选取18例双阳患者,对前C/C区及S区基因序列扩增并测序,分析测序结果.结果 18例双阳患者中,检出前C/C区氨基酸突变者7例;前C/C区发生突变与未发生突变者比较,其S区氨基酸的突变次数及突变率明显增加(P<0.05);7例前C/C区氨基酸突变患者中,4例为前C区nt1896突变,其中1例为HBeAg(-),3例为HBeAg(+).结论 双阳患者不仅S区氨基酸突变增多,其前C/C区氨基酸突变也明显增加;双阳患者前C区nt1896突变更常见于HBeAg阳性者,可能与双阳患者病毒株的复杂性有关.     

Sequential accumulation of the basal core promoter and the precore mutations in the progression of hepatitis B virus-related chronic liver disease

OBJECTIVES: Despite the pathogenic role of the basal core promoter (BCP) and the precore mutations in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, their role in the progression of liver disease is still controversial. We analyzed whether the accumulation of these mutations might enhance the progression of HBV-related chronic liver disease. METHODS: Forty consecutive patients at each clinical status were analyzed. Clinical statuses were as follows: HBeAg-positive asymptomatic carrier (HBeAg(+) ASC) (defined as HBeAg(+), anti-HBe(-), HBV-DNA(+) by hybridization, normal ALT); inactive HBsAg carrier; chronic hepatitis B; liver cirrhosis. The genotype and the BCP/precore regions were determined by PCR using genotype specific primers and direct sequencing, respectively. RESULTS: All patients except one were infected with genotype C. The A to T mutation at nucleotide 1762 and/or G to A mutation at nucleotide 1764 were found in 30% in HBeAg(+) ASC, 65.7% in inactive HBsAg carrier, 95% in chronic hepatitis B, and 90% in liver cirrhosis (p < 0.001). The prevalence of the G to A mutation at nucleotide 1896 was 5% in HBeAg(+) ASC, 22.5% in inactive HBsAg carrier, 32.5% in chronic hepatitis B, and 50% in liver cirrhosis, respectively (p < 0.001). The T to C/A mutation at nucleotide 1753 in the BCP and G to A mutation at nucleotide 1899 in the precore were more frequent in liver cirrhosis than in the other clinical statuses (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Sequential accumulation of mutations in the BCP/precore has an important role in the progression of HBV-related liver disease.     

乙肝病毒E抗原和抗体双阳性者中病毒X及前C基因变异热点研究

目的：了解乙型肝炎患者HBeAg和HBeAb双阳性状态下X区及前C区基因热点变异情况，探讨T1762与T1764及A1896热点变异与HBe转换时相的关系。方法：采用时间分辨荧光免疫分析方法定量检测乙肝5项标志物，对HBeAg/HBeAb双阳性标本采用巢式聚合酶链反应扩增，其包括X区及前C区在内的DNA片段，并对阳性的PCR产物直接标记测序，测序结果和Genbank中登录的标准序列相比较。结果：对15例HBeAg和HBeAb双阳性患者血清中HBV DNA进行了检测，阳性11例，测序结果显示，11例HBV DNA阳性者均存在T1762和A1764的突变，但仅有4例患者出现了A1896的突变。结论：在乙型肝炎HBe转换过程中均伴有BCP区T1762和A1764的突变，部分存在A1896位点的突变，T1762和A1764的突变要早于A1896的突变，而A1896的突变主要在E抗体产生过程中或产生以后。     

G1862T mutation among hepatitis B virus-infected individuals: association with viral genotypes and disease outcome in Kolkata, Eastern India

OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence of G1862T mutation in hepatitis B virus (HBV) isolates among Eastern Indian patients and its relationship with genotypes, HBeAg status and disease manifestation. METHODS: HBV DNA was isolated from patients, amplified by nested PCR and sequenced directly. RESULTS: Of the 102 patients, 32 were HBeAg positive and 70 HBeAg negative; 55, 24 and 23 isolates were infected with genotypes D, A and C, respectively. G1862T was detected in 18 samples, 15 (83%) of them belonged to genotype A (subgenotype HBV/A1), 3 (17%) to genotype D. This mutation was more frequent in HBeAg-negative than in HBeAg-positive patients (21 vs. 9%), whereas in HBV/A1 it was as common in HBeAg-positive as in HBeAg-negative patients and significantly associated with T1762/A1764 mutation. The mean viral load was lower in patients with G1862T mutation. Furthermore, this mutation was common in various clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION: In our community, G1862T mutation was predominantly found in HBV/A1 isolates irrespective of HBeAg status. Moreover this mutation could not be correlated to the clinical outcome. These findings indicate that the G1862T mutation is probably a part of the natural variability of HBV/A1.     

Precore wild-type hepatitis B virus with G1896 in the resolution of persistent hepatitis B virus infection

OBJECTIVE: Factors influencing the resolution of persistent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection were sought for. METHODS: The loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) from serum was correlated with mutations in HBV DNA for a hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-minus phenotype in patients infected with HBV genotype C and positive for HBeAg at presentation. RESULTS: HBeAg turned negative in all the 22 patients in whom HBV infection resolved, but only in 11 of the 25 patients with severe liver diseases (100 vs. 44%, p = 0.0001). The precore wild type (G1896) persisted significantly more frequently in the 22 patients in whom HBV infection resolved than in the 11 patients who developed decompensated liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (15/22 or 68% vs. 1/11 or 9%, p = 0.005). The double mutation in the core promoter (T1762/A1764) was comparably frequent in the two groups of patients at presentation (14/22 or 64% vs. 7/11 or 64%) and >15 years thereafter (18/22 or 82% vs. 10/11 or 91%). CONCLUSION: The precore wild type (G1896) would seem to facilitate the resolution of HBV infection, while the precore mutant (A1896) may induce severe liver diseases in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis who have lost HBeAg from serum.     

乙型肝炎病毒前C区1896、基本C区启动子区1762／1764变异对拉米夫定抗病毒疗效的影响及其临床意义

目的研究乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）前C区G1896A变异和基本C区启动子（BCP）区A1762T／G1764A双变异对拉米夫定（LAM）抗病毒疗效的影响及其临床意义。方法收集上海及其周边地区34例慢性乙型肝炎患者,单用LAM或LAM＋聚乙二醇干扰素α-2a进行抗病毒治疗共48周,应用TrugeneHBVgenotyping试剂盒测定分析治疗前（0周）、治疗过程中（24周）、治疗结束时（48周）及随访结束时（72周）RT区YMDD变异;采用HBV基因多态性检测芯片试剂盒测定前C区1896、BCP区1762／1764位点的变异情况。结果在治疗前有9例患者检测出前C区G1896A变异,均为HBVe抗原（HBeAg）阴性慢性乙型肝炎患者;9例前C区G1896A变异患者中7例治疗应答（77．8％,7／9）,BCP区A1762T／G1764A变异在治疗应答者与无应答者中差异无统计学意义;3例患者分别在治疗24和48周时检测到YMDD变异,对治疗均无应答。结论慢性乙型肝炎患者治疗前血清HBVDNA变异状态可能影响LAM抗病毒治疗应答及YMDD耐药变异株的复制能力。     

Mutations and deletions in core promoter and precore stop codon in relation to viral replication and liver damage in Singaporean hepatitis B virus carriers

BACKGROUND: The core promoter of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is crucial for the viral replication and mutations may lead to the establishment of chronic infection and development of liver diseases. We analysed this region in Singaporean HBV carriers and assessed their association with viral replication and liver damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-three Singaporean HBV carriers were selected. Serological markers for HBV infection and indicators for liver functions were analysed using commercial kits. Among these patients, 17 were chronic carriers, 10 had cirrhotic livers and 6 others had hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The region on the HBV genome covering the entire core promoter and core gene was amplified for each patient by polymerase chain reaction. The amplified DNA fragments were sequenced and analysed. RESULTS: The incidence of mutations in the core promoter or the precore gene product (stop codon at amino acid 28) was not significantly higher compared with the wild type sequences in patients with liver damage. Most mutations in either the core promoter or precore gene significantly reduced the viral replication, as indicated by HBV DNA levels. High levels of HBV DNA were found in three mutants with deletion in the same region, presumably the binding site of liver enriched factor, within the core promoter. CONCLUSION: Our findings revealed a different mutation pattern in the core promoter in Singaporean HBV carriers. While most mutations may not be directly associated with the development of liver diseases, deletions in the core promoter could contribute to enhanced viral replication and should be studied further.     

Low HBeAg serum levels correlate with the presence of the double A1762T/G1764A core promoter mutation and a positive response to interferon in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation of serum hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) levels with the presence of core promoter (CP) mutations, hepatitis B virus (HBV) viremia and the response to interferon (IFN) in patients with chronic hepatitis B. METHODS: Fourteen HBeAg-positive patients received alpha-2a IFN. Diluted serum samples of responders were tested for HBeAg positivity at dilutions of 1:40, 1:160 and 1:640 at the following time points: T0 (before starting IFN), T1 [at peak alanine aminotransferase (ALT) preceding HBeAg seroconversion], T2 (at ALT normalisation) and T3 (end of treatment). Nonresponder samples were similarly tested at times T0 and T3. The HBV CP and precore regions were sequenced at the same time points as for HBeAg testing. RESULTS: Six of 14 patients (43%) responded to IFN treatment and had lower HBeAg levels than nonresponders at T0 (p = 0.003). Five of 6 responders (83%) and none of the nonresponders had the A1762T/G1764A CP mutations (0/8, p < 0.003). At T0, HBeAg was negative at the 1:640 dilution in 5 of the 6 responders, who also had lower HBV DNA levels than nonresponders (p = 0.003). During IFN treatment, HBeAg levels decreased and HBV DNA became negative at T1 in responders. CONCLUSIONS: Low serum HBeAg and HBV DNA levels correlate with the presence of CP mutations and response to IFN treatment and can be considered as predictive markers of response to IFN.     

自贡地区HBV基因BCP区1762/1764及前C区1896位点突变与HBV相关性肝癌的相关性研究

目的通过分析自贡地区乙肝患者乙型肝炎病毒HBV基因BCP区1762/1764及前C区1896位点的突变情况,探讨其与HBV相关性肝癌的关系。方法收集2015年9月至2018年6月141例经本院确诊的乙肝性相关疾病患者血清标本(HBV DNA≥103IU/mL):慢性乙肝(CHB组)50例、肝硬化(LC组)45例、肝癌(HCC组)46例,并收集临床相关资料。采用荧光定量PCR法检测患者的HBV DNA水平,多通道荧光PCR法检测HBV基因型,然后采用ARMS-PCR法检测HBV基因BCP区1762/1764及前C区1896突变情况。采用SPSS17.0软件对数据进行统计学分析。结果HCC组和CHB组在e抗原阳性率、HBV DNA水平及HBV DNA>105IU/mL方面对比发现差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);HCC组和LC组在e抗原阳性率方面比较发现差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而HBV DNA水平方面差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性、女性乙肝患者HBV基因BCP区1762/1764位点突变率分别为67.0%、57.1%(P>0.05),前C区1896位点突变率分别为61.6%、66.7%(P>0.05)。HCC组患者、LC组患者、CHB组患者的HBV基因BCP区1762/1764突变率分别为91.3%、84.4%、22%,HCC组与CHB组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),而HCC组与LC组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);HBV基因前C区1896突变率分别为84.8%、62.2%、42.0%,HCC组与CHB组、LC组比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。HCC组患者的HBV基因前C区1896和BCP区1762/1764位点同时突变率为78.3%,要高于LC组和CHB组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。HBV基因型方面比较,无论是基因B型还是C型的乙肝相关患者,疾病进程较重(HCC组、LC组)的受试者携带BCP区1762/1764突变型或前C区1896突变型的比例都要高于慢性乙肝患者(CHB组)。结论自贡地区HBV基因BCP区1762/1764和前C区1896突变率高,无性别和基因型差异,其中HBV基因BCP区1762/1764位点和前C区1896位点联合突变与HBV相关性HCC发生可能存在一定关系。     

肝癌患者血清中乙型肝炎病毒前C和BCP区基因变异的临床研究

目的了解常州地区乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)DNA前C区(1896)、BCP区(1762/1764)基因的变异,探讨与肝癌的相关性。方法运用基因芯片和核苷酸序列分析技术,对HBVDNA进行分析。结果前C区1896位、BCP区1762/1764位突变普遍存在。(1)在39例HBeAg( )标本组中1896突变为5例(12.8%),1762/1764突变为15例(38.5%);在75例HBeAg(-)组中1896突变为26例(34.7%),1762/1764突变为55例(73.3%)。(2)在114例标本中,慢性乙型肝炎、慢性重型乙型肝炎、乙肝肝硬化、肝癌组中前C区1896、BCP区1762/1764位的总突变率分别为55.9%、71.4%、75.7%、88.9%。结论前C区1896、BCP区1762/1764位突变与HBeAg(-)显著相关,两者总突变率在肝癌患者中显著升高,尤其前C1896、BCP区1762/1764同时突变与肝硬化和肝癌密切相关。     

Hepatitis B virus precore mutation and fulminant hepatitis in the United States. A polymerase chain reaction-based assay for the detection of specific mutation.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) variants with precore mutation(s) resulting in the absence of HBeAg production have been associated with the occurrence of fulminant hepatitis in Japan, Israel, and southern Europe, where the prevalence of this HBV strain appears common. In areas such as United States, where HBV infection is not endemic, the role of this mutant virus in fulminant hepatitis is unknown. We developed an amplification refractory mutation detection system to detect specifically the presence of the G to A mutation at nucleotide position 1898, which is the most frequently observed mutation resulting in a precore stop codon. In addition, this method provided a quantitative measurement of the relative ratio of one strain to the other. Using this system, we tested HBV strains for the presence of the stop codon mutation in sera from 40 cases of fulminant hepatitis B occurring in the United States. Serum HBV DNAs from 28 patients were analyzed successfully. A mixture of wild-type and mutant strains in various ratios were observed in 15 patients, wild type exclusively in 11, and mutant exclusively in 2. Four of these patients had undergone liver transplantation for HBV-associated cirrhosis and developed fulminant HBV-associated hepatitis after transplantation. Pre- and posttransplant serum samples from one patient were analyzed: a mixture of wild-type and mutant HBV strains was detected in both samples. Our study demonstrated that both wild-type and mutant HBV strains are associated with fulminant hepatitis, and that in some patients in the United States, factors other than precore mutations contribute to the development of fulminant hepatitis.     

乙型肝炎病毒C基因启动子和前C终止变异与乙型肝炎标志物模式的关系及临床意义

目的研究乙型肝炎病毒C基因启动子和前C基因终止变异与乙型肝炎标志物模式的关系,并分析其临床意义。方法通过基因测序法分析检测104例乙型肝炎患者血清中C基因启动子和前C基因终止变异情况,采用微粒子发光分析法和荧光定量聚合酶链法(PCR),分别检测血清中乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)和乙型肝炎病毒脱氧核糖核酸(HBV—DNA)含量,并进行比较分析。结果乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、HBeAg、乙型肝炎核心抗体(抗-HBc)阳性患者1762T／1764A双变异率显著高于HBsAg、乙型肝炎e抗体(抗-HBe)、抗-HBc阳性患者,而1896G→A终止变异率和联合变异(双变异合并终止变异)率显著低于HBsAg、抗-HBe、抗-HBc阳性组,73例HBsAg、HBeAg、抗-HBc阳性患者中32例无变异者,其HBeAg定量值显著高于其他有变异者．31例HBsAg、抗-HBe、抗-HBc阳性患者中有4例无双变异和终止变异,其HBV-DNA定量值显著低于其他患者。结论1762T／1764A双变异和1896G→A终止变异可使HBeAg含量显著下降,其变异株并不影响病毒的复制。1762T／1764A双变异和1896终止变异株的优蛰积累并逐渐取代野生株是HBeAg向抗抗-HBe转化的原因之一．     

Significance of viral load, core promoter/precore mutations and specific sequences of polymerase gene in HBV-infected patients on 3-year lamivudine treatment

BACKGROUND: Comprehensive study on viral factors predicting treatment responsiveness to lamivudine is lacking. AIMS: To define the significance of various viral factors and changes of viral population with lamivudine treatment. Patients and methods: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels at baseline, week 24, 52 and year 3 were measured in 80 patients on continuous lamivudine therapy for 3 years. Genotypes, core promoter/precore mutations, YMDD mutations, polymorphic sequence of polymerase gene (rt91 I/L, rt256S/C) were determined at baseline, week 12, 24 and 52. YMDD mutations were also determined at year 3. RESULTS: High alanine aminotransferase levels and presence of core promoter/ precore mutations at baseline were associated with higher chance of achieving HBV DNA <1,000 copies/ml (good response) and higher rate of hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion at week 52. Achieving HBV DNA levels <1,000 copies/mi at week 24 as well as baseline core promoter/precore mutations were associated with higher chance of achieving good response, higher rate of HBeAg seroconversion and lower rate of YMDD mutations at year 3. Lamivudine reversed core promoter mutations to wild type in 25% of patients. All 5 patients with rt256C had poor HBV DNA response, persistent HBeAg and YMDD mutations by year 3. There was no difference in treatment response between patients with genotype B and C. CONCLUSIONS: Achieving HBV DNA levels <1,000 copies/ml at 24 week is the best target for short- and long-term treatment efficacy. Core promoter and precore mutations were associated with better treatment outcome, and rt256C polymorphism in the polymerase gene with poor response.     

快速检测乙型肝炎病毒C基因启动子联合点突变

目的　研究聚合酶链反应限制性片段长度多态性分析（ Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ Ｒ Ｆ Ｌ Ｐ） 法检测乙型肝炎病毒（ Ｈ Ｂ Ｖ） Ｃ 基因启动子区 Ｔ１７６２／ Ａ１７６４ 联合点突变的有效性。方法　将４４ 份慢性乙型肝炎患者的血清 Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ Ｒ Ｆ Ｌ Ｐ结果同测序结果进行综合分析。结果　在４４ 份慢性乙型肝炎患者的血清中,有１２ 份血清 Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ Ｒ Ｆ Ｌ Ｐ的结果为单纯突变株感染;１０ 份为突变株与野生株混合感染;２２ 份为单纯野生株感染,与测序结果相吻合。结论　 Ｐ Ｃ Ｒ Ｒ Ｆ Ｌ Ｐ检测 Ｈ Ｂ Ｖ／ Ｃ 基因启动子区 Ｔ１７６２／ Ａ１７６４ 联合点突变具有快速、简便以及敏感性高、特异性强等优点,且可用于观察 Ｔ１７６２／ Ａ１７６４ 变异株的动态变化。但是此法也有一定的局限性。     

Clinical significance of the genotype and core promoter/pre-core mutations in hepatitis B virus carriers

It has been shown that clinical and virological characteristics vary among hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes. In this study, we measured the virus level, disease severity, and presence or absence of core promoter (CP)/pre-core (PC) mutations in 241 HBV carriers, and investigated the clinical significance of measuring the HBV genotype. In genotype C HBV carriers, the proportion of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive patients was significantly higher than that in genotype B HBV carriers (0 vs. 34.4%, p < 0.05), and the virus level was higher (4.9 vs. 4.05 LGE/ml). In the genotype B HBV carriers, the incidence of PC mutation was significantly higher (69 vs. 34%, p < 0.05). In the genotype C HBV carriers, the incidence of CP mutation was significantly higher (13 vs. 78%, p < 0.05). We compared patients with the wild (W)/mutant (M) pattern in the CP/PC regions to those with the M/W pattern in the CP/PC regions among the genotype C HBV carriers. Both the proportion of HBeAg-positive patients (65.8 vs. 15.4%, p < 0.05) and the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level (48 vs. 21.5 IU, p < 0.05) were higher in the patients with the M/W pattern in the CP/PC regions, and the disease severity was deteriorated. In conclusion, genotype B HBV may more frequently induce HBe seroconversion via PC mutation compared to genotype C HBV. Among the genotype C HBV carriers, hepatitis activity and the deterioration of the disease severity were significantly inhibited in the group in which PC mutation initially occurred, in comparison to the group in which CP mutation initially occurred.     

HBV-pre-C区段变异患者血清前S1抗原检测的临床价值分析

目的探讨HBV-pre-C区段(nt1896)变异阳性患者血清HBV-pre-S1抗原检测的临床价值.方法选取病毒复制为阳性的乙肝血清76份,其中,HBeAg(-)且HBV-pre-C区段(nt1896)变异阳性的46份;HBV-pre-C区段(nt1896)变异阴性的30份;体检正常对照30例.以ELISA法检测其血清乙肝病毒前S1抗原(HBV-pre-S1),同时检测血清中谷氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)活性.结果HBV-pre-C区段(nt1896)变异阳性血清中82.6%(38/46)HBV-pre-S1检测为阳性,其中92.1%(35/38)伴血清ALT活性异常增高;HBV-pre-C区段(nt1896)变异阴性的血清中83.3%(25/30)HBV-pre-S1检测为阳性,92.0%(23/25)伴血清ALT活性异常增高;正常对照组中HBV-pre-S1检测为阴性,血清ALT活性均正常.HBV-pre-C区段(nt1896)变异阳性组与阴性组,HBV-pre-S1检出率差异无显著性(P=2.1387,P＞0.05),HBV-pre-S1阳性血清中伴ALT异常增高率在两组间差异也无显著性(P=3.4211,P＞0.05).结论当HBV发生基因变异时,HBeAg不能正常表达,血清中HBV-pre-S1抗原的检测可基本避免基因变异的干扰,大致反映病毒基因的复制及活动.     

Infectious source factors affecting the severity of sexually transmitted acute hepatitis due to hepatitis B virus genotype C

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify clinical features and virological aspects of infectious sources that are related to the severity of sexually transmitted acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in patients, especially in cases of genotype C. METHODS: Nineteen patients with acute HBV infection, 10 classified with severe acute hepatitis (SH) (prothrombin time; PT <40%) and 9 with typical acute hepatitis (AH) (PT >40%), and their infectious sources (all were sexual partners) were studied. Infectious source factors were analyzed in relation to the severity of hepatitis in the patients' partners. RESULTS: The nucleotide homology of HBV-DNA between each pair was >/=98.9%. Sixteen were infected with HBV genotype C. Among the 16 infectious sources, age, numbers with elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT, 7/9 vs. 1/7), anti-HBe positivity (8/9 vs. 1/7) and core promoter mutations at nt 1762 (7/9 vs. 1/7), nt 1764 (8/9 vs. 1/7) and precore mutation at nt 1896 (8/9 vs. 1/7) were significantly higher in the sources of SH than in those of AH. CONCLUSION: Higher age, elevated ALT, anti-HBe positivity and core promoter/precore mutations were possible risk factors for an infectious source of the severe form of sexually transmitted acute hepatitis due to HBV genotype C.     

乙肝病毒基因变异和基因型(亚型)与肝细胞癌的关系

目的 初步探讨乙肝病毒基因变异、基因型及亚型与HCC发病的相关性。 方法 特异探针杂交法检测乙肝病毒C启动子变异，分别用特异探针杂交和特异引物PCR两种方法鉴定病毒基因型，限制性酶切片段长度多态性法鉴定部分HCC乙肝病毒的基因亚型。用SPSS10.0进行统计分析其中相关性。 结果 HCC组与NHCC组HBV-DNA载量无显著差异，两组HBV中A1762T/G1764A变异株分别占77.8%和44.4%。B和C型为HBV主要基因型，基因型B和C在HCC患者中分别为3例（11.11%）和24例（88.89%），在NHCC患者中分别为29例（42.65％）和21（50.85％），HCC组24例基因型C的HBV中21例为C2亚型。 结论 乙肝病毒C启动子A1762T/G1764A双变异、基因型C与HCC的发生密切相关，HCC患者HBV基因亚型主要为C2亚型。