57例先天性心脏病复合畸形介入治疗临床评价

目的:研究先天性心脏病复合畸形经导管介入治疗策略并评价其疗效。方法:先天性心脏病复合畸形57例,复合类型为:膜部室间隔缺损(VSD)并房间隔缺损(ASD)21例,VSD并动脉导管未闭(PDA)4例,ASD并PDA8例,ASD并肺动脉瓣狭窄(PS)22例,VSD并PS2例。复合畸形同期介入治疗顺序依次为:PS球囊扩张术,VSD封堵术,PDA封堵术,最后行ASD封堵术。结果:57例患者中,除1例因PDA过小,导丝无法通过未闭导管,在VSD成功封堵后放弃PDA封堵。56例患者同期经导管介入治疗均获成功,术中未发生任何重要并发症。术后造影及超声检查VSD、ASD及PDA均无残余分流,封堵器固定好。并发PS的24例患者,跨肺动脉瓣压差由术前(96.0±30.0)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)下降到术后平均(15.6±3.3)mmHg(P<0.01)。术后3d、1个月、6个月及1年分别行经胸超声心动图、心电图、X线检查,全部患者无残余分流,封堵器位置固定良好,跨瓣压差均在正常范围内,无任何并发症发生。结论:先天性心脏病复合畸形经导管介入治疗安全有效,值得推广。     

小儿复合先天性心脏病的介入治疗

目的:探讨小儿复合先天性心脏病(先心病)经导管介入治疗的策略及评价其疗效和安全性.方法:55例复合先心病患儿,先心病类型包括:肺动脉瓣狭窄(PS)合并房间隔缺损(ASD);PS合并动脉导管未闭(PDA);PS合并室间隔缺损(VSD);ASD合并PDA;ASD合并VSD;PDA合并VSD;室间隔完整的肺动脉闭锁(PA/IVS)合并PDA和卵圆孔未闭(PFO);主动脉瓣狭窄合并PDA;PDA合并肺隔离症.分别行射频打孔,经皮球囊肺动脉瓣成形术(PBPV),经皮球囊主动脉瓣成形术(PBAV),VSD封堵术,PDA封堵术,ASD封堵术,侧支血管堵塞术.结果:55例患儿经导管介入治疗均获得成功,术中未发生严重并发症,55例行介入堵闭均未见残余分流,堵闭器位置良好;30例行PBPV术,跨肺动脉瓣压差由术前平均(63.4±36.3)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),下降到术后平均(18.1±13.0)mmHg(P<0.01);1例行PBAV术,跨主动脉瓣压差由术前90 mmHg下降到术后50 mmHg;3例PA/IVS行射频打孔和PBPV术,术后肺动脉瓣开放满意,血氧饱和度维持良好.结论:复合先心病经导管介入治疗疗效确切、安全有效,但手术操作难度大,技术要求高,应该在较大心血管医院开展,并由有较丰富导管操作经验的医师施行.     

经导管同期治疗复合型先天性心脏病的疗效观察

目的研究经导管同期治疗复合型先天性心脏病的策略并评价其疗效。方法34例患者,男12例,女22例。复合类型为:房间隔缺损(ASD)合并肺动脉瓣狭窄(PS)、室间隔缺损(VSD)、动脉导管未闭(PDA)分别是16例、7例、3例,合并二尖瓣狭窄(Lutembacher综合征)2例;VSD合并PDA3例、Taussig-Bing畸形合并PDA1例;2例并发3种畸形(并发ASD、VSD和PDA1例,并发ASD、PS和PDA1例)。经导管介入治疗的原则:先行瓣膜球囊扩张术纠正瓣膜狭窄,其次行VSD封堵术,再次行PDA封堵术,最后行ASD封堵术。术后3d、1个月、6个月分别行经胸超声心动图(TTE)、X线检查评价治疗效果。结果34例复合型先天性心脏病患者均一次性治疗成功。术中未发生任何重要并发症。术后即刻TTE和造影示ASD,VSD,PDA所有封堵器位置良好,无残余分流。16例ASD合并PS者,跨肺动脉瓣平均压差由术前52.6±20.5mmHg下降到术后14.3±9.5mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2例Lutembacher综合征患者,超声心动图测量二尖瓣瓣口面积分别由二尖瓣球囊扩张术前1.0和1.2cm2增加到术后1.9和2.0cm2,平均左房压分别由29和26mmHg降至8和7mmHg。对于1例Taussig-Bing畸形合并PDA者,用18mmASD伞成功封堵16mmPDA,降低肺动脉压,改善患者症状,为二次手术创造条件。术后72h、1个月、6个月TTE示所有患者各水平分流均消失,左心房、左心室进行性地缩小,所有封堵器位置固定良好,无移位及脱落;同时行X线检查,肺血均明显减少,房室内径均明显恢复。结论复合型先天性心脏病经导管同期介入治疗虽较单纯型复杂,技术要求相对较高,但如指征掌握恰当,治疗策略合理,操作规范,同样可获得良好的治疗效果。     

先天性心脏病介入治疗临床效果分析

目的观察介入治疗先天性心脏病(CHD)的临床疗效,总结治疗经验。方法选取2004—2012年我院收治的行介入治疗的CHD患者76例,其中继发孔型房间隔缺损(ASD)33例、室间隔缺损(VSD)18例、ASD合并VSD 1例、动脉导管未闭(PDA)21例、肺动脉瓣狭窄(PS)3例。ASD、VSD及PDA封堵术均采用国产蘑菇伞Amplatzer法。观察患者治疗效果。结果患者均无严重并发症发生,无死亡。封堵成功73例患者(除1例ASD患者,1例VSD患者和1例PDA患者)。随访1~24个月无残余分流及严重心脏事件。结论介入治疗CHD创伤小、安全、可靠、成功率高,值得进一步推广。     

先天性心脏病介入治疗1016例临床疗效分析

目的探讨先天性心脏病介入治疗的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析1016例行先天性心脏病介入治疗的先天性心脏病患者的临床资料,着重分析手术方法和结果。其中动脉导管未闭（PDA）364例,房间隔缺损（ASD）199例,室间隔缺损（VSD）270例,肺动脉瓣狭窄（PS）107例,房间隔缺损合并动脉导管未闭22例,室间隔缺损合并动脉导管未闭11例,肺动脉瓣狭窄合并动脉导管未闭8例,房间隔缺损合并肺动脉瓣狭窄27例,房间隔缺损合并室间隔缺损3例,法洛四联症合并侧支5例。结果技术成功率98．6％（1002／1016）,全组无死亡。随访1～6个月,封堵器位置固定,无移位或破损。结论先天性心脏病介入治疗具有成功率高、创伤小、并发症低,操作简单,疗效确切,恢复快等特点,是治疗先天性心脏病的理想手段之一。     

经导管同期治疗复合型先天性心脏病的疗效和安全性

目的:探讨经导管介入同期治疗复合型先天性心脏病的可行性、方法及疗效.方法:13例患者,男5例,女8例.其中房间隔缺损(ASD)合并肺动脉瓣狭窄6例,ASD合并动脉导管未闭(PDA)4例,ASD合并膜部室间隔缺损2例,PDA合并肺动脉瓣狭窄1例.ASD合并其他畸形的患者,均先治疗其他畸形,最后行ASD封堵.PDA合并肺动脉瓣狭窄者,先行肺动脉瓣狭窄球囊扩张术,最后封堵PDA.结果:13例患者均经导管一次治疗成功.ASD合并肺动脉瓣狭窄6例,跨肺动脉瓣压差由术前平均(138.3±41.4)mmHg下降到术后平均(12.0±5.6)mmHg,有显著性差异(P＜0.01).所用ASD封堵器直径为8～24 mm.ASD合并PDA4例,PDA最窄径2～5 mm,封堵器直径为6～8 mm;ASD封堵器直径为8～28 mm.ASD合并膜部室间隔缺损2例,室间隔缺损直径分别为3.5 mm和5.0 mm,用直径6 mm和8 mm的双盘状室间隔缺损封堵器封堵成功,所用ASD封堵器的直径为12 mm和18 mm.1例PDA合并轻度肺动脉瓣狭窄,用聚乙烯球囊扩张、PDA用4 mm封堵器治疗成功.结论:经导管介入同期治疗复合型先天性心脏病具有技术上的可行性、安全性和良好的治疗效果.     

同期介入治疗先天性心脏病复合畸形30例的疗效观察

目的探讨经导管同期介入治疗先天性心脏病复合畸形的方法及疗效。方法先心病复合畸形30例,男性14例,女性16例,平均年龄（17．9±13．5）岁,平均体重（38．8±22．0）kg。复合类型为：房间隔缺损（ASD）并动脉导管未闭（PDA）7例,ASD并室间隔缺损（VSD）10例,ASD并肺动脉瓣狭窄（PS）6例,VSD并PDA5例,PDA并PS1例,VSD并PDA并ASD1例。经导管治疗原则：先行瓣膜球囊扩张术纠正瓣膜狭窄,其次行VSD封堵术,再行PDA封堵术,最后行ASD封堵术,可根据具体情况相应调整。术后2d、1个月、3个月、6个月、1年复查超声心动图及心电图。结果30例复合型先天性心脏病患者均一次治疗成功。7例合并PS患者,跨肺动脉瓣压差由术前（46．1±15．1）mmHg下降到术后（17．6±3．8）mmHg（P〈0．01）,1例室间隔缺损术后心电图提示不完全右束支传导阻滞,1例室间隔缺损术后心电图提示完全右束支传导阻滞,1例室间隔缺损术后心电图提示不完全左束支传导阻滞,给予地塞米松治疗后,心电图复查正常。1例VSD并ASD患者术前心电图提示双束支传导阻滞,术后观察10d仍存在,给予置人心脏永久起搏器。2例VSD并PDA患者术后超声心动图提示心室水平微量分流,6个月时随访分流消失。所有患者随访无不良并发症发生。结论对先天性心脏病复合畸形,严格掌握介人治疗适应证,选择正确的操作顺序和方法,可以取得良好的效果。     

经导管介入治疗小儿先天性心脏病复合畸形

目的　探讨经皮动脉导管未闭 (PDA)、房间隔缺损 (ASD)、室间隔缺损 (VSD)封堵术以及肺动脉瓣成形术(PBPV)在小儿复合先天性心脏病介入治疗中联合应用的可行性。方法　自 1998年 11月至 2 0 0 3年 12月 ,共 2 8例患有复合先天心血管畸形的住院患儿施行联合介入治疗 ,其中联合进行ASD封堵和PBPV术 15例 ,PDA封堵 (其中包括弹簧圈法和蘑菇伞法 )和PBPV术 7例 ,ASD和PDA封堵术 5例 ,VSD封堵和PBPV术 1例。结果　本组病例均为一次心导管术程中同时进行 2种介入治疗 ,成功率为 10 0 % (2 8/ 2 8) ,取得满意的治疗效果 ,无严重并发症 ,经 3个月至 4年随诊证实疗效确切。结论　在病例选择恰当的情况下 ,对小儿先天性心脏病复合畸形进行联合介入治疗是安全、可行的     

经导管同期治疗复合型先天性心脏病的安全性及疗效观察

目的:研究经导管同期治疗复合型先天性心脏病的可行性、方法及疗效.方法:2001-07-2007-10共30例复合型先天性心脏病患者,男11例,女19例.复合类型为:房间隔缺损(ASD)伴室间隔缺损(VSD)、动脉导管未闭(PDA)、肺动脉瓣狭窄(PS)分别为13例、7例、3例,伴二尖瓣狭窄(Lutembacher综合征)3例;VSD伴PDA 2例;PS伴PDA 2例;经导管治疗的原则:先行瓣膜球囊扩张术纠正瓣膜狭窄,其次行VSD封堵术,再次行PDA封堵术,最后行ASD封堵术.术后48 h、1个月、6个月分别行经胸超声心动图(TTE)、X线及心电图检查评价治疗效果.结果:30例复合型先天性心脏病患者均一次性介入治疗成功,术中未发生任何重要并发症.术后即刻TTE和造影示ASD、VSD、PDA所有封堵器位置良好,无残余分流.ASD和PDA伴肺动脉瓣狭窄(PS) 5例,跨肺动脉瓣平均压差由术前(56.4±15.2)mmHg(1 mmHg=0. 133 kPa)下降至术后(13.1±8 9) mmHg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).3例Lutembacher综合征患者,超声心动图测量二尖瓣口面积分别由二尖瓣球囊扩张术术前0.98、1.1和1.26 cm2增加到1.7、1.92和2.0 cm2,平均左房压分别由31、28和27降至9、8.5和7 mmHg.术后48 h、1个月、6个月经TTE检查示所有患者各水平分流均消失,扩大的房室内径进行性缩小,所有封堵器位置固定良好,无移位及脱落;同时X线检查,肺血明显减少,房室内径明显恢复;心电图检查无房室传导阻滞及左右束支阻滞;无其他并发症.结论:只要严格掌握适应证,术中采取适当的治疗策略,操作规范,复合型先天性心脏病同期介入治疗是可行的、安全的,可获得满意的临床效果.     

先天性心脏病介入治疗疗效观察

目的探讨导管介入治疗先天性心脏病的临床临床效果,评价治疗方式的疗效。方法采用回顾性分析我院2008年10月一2010年9月43例采用导管介入治疗先天性心脏病临床资,患者有动脉导管未闭（PDA）封堵的21例,有室间隔缺损（VSD）封堵的13例,有房间隔缺损（ASD）封堵的9例。结果43例采用导管介入治疗先天性心脏病患,其中动脉导管未闭（PDA）封堵的21例,封堵成功19例,成功率90．5％;室间隔缺损（VSD）封堵的13例,封堵成功12例,成功率92．3％;房间隔缺损（ASD）封堵的9例,封堵成功9例,成功率100％。结论在导管介入术后,随访1～3个月,未发现复发患者,患者对疗效满意结论导管介入治疗技术的发展成熟,在治疗先天性心脏病具有高效、安全、恢复快的特点,值得临床推广应用。     

Treatment of patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome with Bosentan

We treated prospectively 14 patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome, with a mean age of 10 years, ranging from 3 to 18 years. Treatment continued for 12 months, and demonstrated a lasting symptomatic improvement, but no improvement in terms of mean saturation of oxygen over 24 hours. Exercise capacity, as judged by peak uptake of oxygen, worsened in the six patients able to perform a treadmill test. The symptomatic benefit from dual blockage of endothelin receptors in these patients may be due to mechanisms other than selective pulmonary vasodilatation alone.     

Satisfaction with ambulatory care of persons with AIDS

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation of patient characteristics and site of care to the perception of ambulatory care quality by persons with AIDS (PWAs). DESIGN: Patient surveys and medical record review were used to determine PWAs’ perceptions of their ambulatory care, self-perceived health status, primary care relationships, sociodemographic characteristics, and severity of illness. SETTING: A public-hospital HIV clinic, an academic group practice, and a staff-model health maintenance organization (HMO) that together care for 20% of all Massachusetts PWAs. PATIENTS: All active patients as of February 12, 1990, and all new AIDS patients at each of the three sites during the subsequent 13 months. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN BESULTS: The primary outcome measure was a six-item scale of patient-rated quality of care (PRQC), a newly developed measure that combined patients’ ratings of their physician care, nursing care, involvement in medical decisions, and overall quality of care. Multiple logistic regression was carried out with low PRQC (lowest quart He) as the dependent variable, to identify correlates of patient perceptions of poor quality. Patients who had a primary nurse were significantly less likely to have low PRQC scores (OR=0.50, 95% CI=0.26 to 0.97). Black patients and patients who used injection drugs were significantly more likely to rate their care in the lowest quartile (OR=2.22, 95% CI=1.04 to 4.78; and OR=2.43, 95% CI=1.13 to 5.23, respectively), as were those who had lower self-perceived health status, after controlling for confounders; no association was found by site or severity. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that primary nursing may be an important determinant of how PWAs rate the quality of their ambulatory care. Furthermore, PWAs who are black or who are injection drug users are less satisfied than are others with the quality of their ambulatory AIDS care. Presented in part at the annual meeting of the Society of General Internal Medicine, April 30, 1993, Arlington, Virginia. Supported by the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, grant number HS06239.     

Experience with the treatment of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with obsidan and isoptin

Forty-five patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were examined clinically and echocardiographically. The results of their treatment with obsidan and isoptin in relation to various types of central hemodynamic disorders are presented. The data have been obtained making it possible to treat patients differentially with regard to the form of the disease. The treatment of this category of patients requires the echocardiographic monitoring of the parameters of the central hemodynamics and myocardial contractility.     

分析老年糖尿病患者应用甘精胰岛素联合阿卡波糖治疗的效果

目的探讨甘精胰岛素联合阿卡波糖在老年糖尿病患者中的临床疗效。方法选取该院2018年7月—2019年7月收治的113例老年糖尿病患者作为研究对象,经随机数字表法,划分A组(n=56,阿卡波糖)和B组(n=57,甘精胰岛素+阿卡波糖),比较两组临床疗效、血糖指标。结果B组患者临床治疗总有效率显著高于A组;经治疗,B组患者空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)水平明显低于A组。两组之间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在老年糖尿病患者中应用甘精胰岛素+阿卡波糖,临床疗效显著,使患者的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白等指标得到了明显改善,安全性强。     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.