16排螺旋CT扫描并MPR在孤立性肺结节影像诊断中的价值

目的探讨16排螺旋CT扫描并多平面重建(MPR)在孤立性肺结节(SPN)影像诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析经病理证实的周围型小肺癌21例和良性SPN 29例的CT影像资料,所有患者均行16排螺旋CT容积扫描并MPR。结果 MPR图像比常规横断位扫描更能显示病灶的特殊征象,如胸膜凹陷、血管集束、小钙化、毛刺征、空泡征、棘状突起等。结论 16排螺旋CT扫描并MPR发现SPN的特殊征象更多,对区分SPN的良恶性具有重要价值。     

肺癌孤立性肺结节患者64排螺旋CT扫描影像特点分析

目的 研究64排螺旋CT对肺癌孤立性肺结节(SPN)的诊断价值.方法 选择2015年5月至2019年5月于我院收治的158例经病理证实伴SPN的肺癌患者为对象,按肺癌不同病理类型分为A组(腺癌,112例)、B组(鳞癌,34例)、C组(小细胞癌,12例),均接受64排螺旋CT扫描.比较三组SPN平扫及增强各序列(增强30...     

螺旋CT对孤立性肺结节的诊断价值

对86例孤立性肺结节(SPN;恶性59例,良性27例)患者的螺旋CT(SCT)影像学特点进行分析.结果 CT征象中深分叶征和棘突或毛刺征多出现于恶性结节,与病理和随访结果对比,该法判断肺小结节性质的准确率、灵敏度、特异性及阳性、阴性预测值分别为75.6%、76.3%、74.1%、86.5%、58.8%.提示SCT薄层扫描并多层面重建及增强扫描对SPN性质的判断有较高价值.     

64层CT扫描后处理技术对孤立性肺结节的诊断价值

孤立性肺结节(solitary pulmonary nodule,SPN)的定义为肺内孤立的类圆形不透光影,有中等明确的边缘,最大直径<3 cm,是影像学诊断中的难题之一[1].有文献报道高分辨CT(HRCT)和CT靶扫描有助于发现SPN,多平面重建(multiple planar reconstruction)和容积显示(volumerendering)有助于提高SPN的诊断准确率[2-4].我们对88例经病理证实的SPN患者进行分析,探讨64层CT扫描后处理技术对SPN的诊断价值.     

CT灌注成像在孤立性肺结节鉴别诊断中的临床价值

目的探讨64层螺旋CT灌注成像技术在孤立性肺结节(SPN)鉴别诊断中的临床价值。方法对47例SPN行64层螺旋CT灌注扫描检查,测定SPN的灌注参数,如血容量(BV)、血流量(BF)、渗透性(P)等,以及时间-密度曲线(TDC)。并在TDC基础上测量SPN的强化值(HU)、结节和动脉强化值比(S/A)及达峰时间(s)。结果良性结节BV、P值明显低于恶性结节和炎性结节(P0.05),各类型结节BF值比较无明显差异性(P0.05);恶性结节和炎性结节的HU及S/A均明显高于良性结节(P0.05),而s明显快于良性结节(P0.05)。结论 64层螺旋CT灌注成像技术对良、恶性及炎性SPN的鉴别诊断具有重要的临床价值。     

高分辨螺旋CT对肺孤立性结节的诊断分析

目的探讨高分辨螺旋CT扫描对肺孤立性结节(SPN)的诊断价值。方法30例在常规螺旋CT扫描基础上进行高分辨螺旋CT扫描及静脉注药高分辨螺旋CT扫描。结果高分辨螺旋CT扫描能充分显示肺孤立性结节内的细微结构。结论高分辨螺旋CT扫描显示肺孤立性结节内部结构、形态等方面优于常规螺旋CT扫描,是区分良,恶性孤立性肺结节有效方法。     

MSCT对恶性孤立性肺结节血管改变的研究

目的 研究恶性孤立性肺结节(SPN)血管形态改变,并探讨MSCT诊断价值.方法 分析41例直径≤3 cm SPN患者,采用多层螺旋CT(MSCT)层厚为2.5mm螺旋靶扫描,经工作站行多平面重建(MPR)、曲面重建(CPR)、及容积再现(VR)后处理方法,重点显示SPN相关的血管形态改变,并与病理检查结果比较.结果 (1)41例恶性SPN中SPN-血管关系形态改变如下:Ⅰ型肺血管于SPN边缘被截断,一支或多支末端呈杵状增粗.Ⅱ型显示为血管切迹征.Ⅲ型肺血管延伸进入或穿过SPN.结论采用MSCT薄层螺旋靶扫描,结合MPR、CPR、VR等重组方法能准确显示恶性SPN-血管形态改变,对恶性SPN诊断有重要价值.     

螺旋CT三维及多平面重建图像中孤立性肺结节形态、边缘的观察及意义

目的　探讨螺旋CT三维及多平面重建图像中孤立性肺结节 (SPN)形态与边缘的特征及其对SPN的诊断价值。方法　选择 5 6例SPN患者 ,对病灶采用高分辨螺旋CT扫描后于SUN工作站进行三维重建及多平面重建 ,观察图像中SPN的形态与边缘。对患者的SPN进行针吸活检或手术或随访观察 ,进行对比分析。结果　①SPN的形态 :87 5 %的原发性肺癌为球状分叶型及不规则型 ,而 6 6 7%的转移癌、6 4 3%的结核球为球状无分叶型 ,91%的炎性假瘤为不规则型。②SPN边缘 :晕征厚度为炎性假瘤 >结核球 >肺癌 >转移癌。毛刺分别为 85 %的原发性肺癌为长短混合型毛刺 ,5 0 %的结核球含毛刺 ,且大多为细长毛刺 ;73 7%的炎性假瘤含粗长毛刺。结论　SPN的性质与其形态及边缘存在密切关系 ,螺旋CT三维重建及多平面重建对诊断SPN有重要价值。     

28例小肺癌患者的CT动态薄层扫描特征分析

小肺癌指肺内直径〈2．0cm。没有小气道阻塞、不伴有淋巴结及远处转移的早期原发恶性肿瘤，其缺少典型症状及特异性生化诊断指标。诊断主要靠影像学检查。近年来，我们共对46例肺内发现孤立结节（SPN）患者行CT动态薄层扫描，其中诊断为小肺癌28例，现分析其CT扫描特征。     

MDCT容积灌注扫描联合HRCT对孤立性肺结节的诊断价值

目的探讨多层CT(MSCT)容积灌注扫描联合多排CT(Mdct)对孤立性肺结节(SPN)良恶性诊断的应用效果及临床价值。方法 2013年2月到2017年3月选择在我院诊治的178例SPN患者为研究对象,给予MDCT容积灌注扫描联合HRCT检查,记录HRCT征象特征与灌注扫描参数,并与病理检查结果进行SPN良恶性判定。结果 178例SPN患者中,病理诊断为恶性SPN 38例,良性SPN 140例。恶性SPN患者的毛刺征、空泡征、钙化征、胸膜牵拉征、分叶征等发生率明显高于良性SPN患者(P 0. 05)。恶性SPN患者的BF、BV、PS值均高于良性SPN(P 0. 05),不同SPN结节患者的MTT值对比差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。MDCT容积灌注扫描联合HRCT对SPN良恶性的鉴别诊断敏感性与特异性分别为100. 0%和98. 6%。结论MDCT容积灌注扫描联合HRCT在SPN诊断的应用具有很好的征象特征,可以同时实现灌注成像,有利于鉴别诊断SPN良恶性状况。     

State of knowledge of helminth fauna of freshwater fishes of Poland

A total 89 fish and lamprey species has been recorded from Polish freshwater habitats. Twenty-seven of them (30.3%) have not been surveyed for parasitic helminthes. Some of the latter fishes are either rare or not easily accessible. Other live only in specific habitats in scattered localities. An important obstacle for studying parasite faunas of some fishes may be their status on an endangered species. Among the non-surveyed fishes, are those which have been relatively recently introduced to Poland or migrated there on their own. The present paper attempts to review all hitherto not studied helminthologically fish species, their habitats, localities and current protection status.     

Lack of correlation of degree of villous atrophy with severity of clinical presentation of coeliac disease

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Both the clinical presentation and the degree of mucosal damage in coeliac disease vary greatly. In view of conflicting information as to whether the mode of presentation correlates with the degree of villous atrophy, we reviewed a large cohort of patients with coeliac disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We correlated mode of presentation (classical, diarrhoea predominant or atypical/silent) with histology of duodenal biopsies and examined their trends over time. RESULTS: The cohort consisted of 499 adults, mean age 44.1 years, 68% females. The majority had silent coeliac disease (56%) and total villous atrophy (65%). There was no correlation of mode of presentation with the degree of villous atrophy (p=0.25). Sixty-eight percent of females and 58% of males had a severe villous atrophy (p=0.052). There was a significant trend over time for a greater proportion of patients presenting as atypical/silent coeliac disease and having partial villous atrophy, though the majority still had total villous atrophy. CONCLUSIONS: Among our patients the degree of villous atrophy in duodenal biopsies did not correlate with the mode of presentation, indicating that factors other than the degree of villous atrophy must account for diarrhoea in coeliac disease.     

Investigation of mode of action of biofeedback in treatment of fecal incontinence

A study was carried out in 25 incontinent patients to evaluate some of the factors thought to be responsible for the success of retraining for fecal incontinence. Subjects were initially allocated to one of two groups; one group was trained to perceive small rectal volumes (active retraining), the other group carried out the same maneuvers but were not given any information or instruction. Active sensory retraining reduced the sensory threshold from 32 +/- 8 to 7 +/- 2 ml (P less than 0.001), corrected any sensory delay that was present (P less than 0.004), and reduced the frequency of incontinence from 5 +/- 1 to 1 +/- 1 episodes per week (P less than 0.01). Sham retraining caused a modest reduction in the sensory threshold (from 29 +/- 9 to 20 +/- 8; P less than 0.05) but did not significantly reduce the frequency of incontinence. Subsequent strength and coordination training did not significantly improve continence, although at the end of the study, 50% of patients had no incontinent episodes at all and 76% of patients had reduced the frequency of incontinence episodes by more than 75%. This improvement in continence was not associated with any change in sphincter pressures or in the continence to rectally infused saline but was associated with significant improvements in rectal sensation. The functional improvement was sustained over a period of two years in 16 of the 22 patients available for follow-up. In conclusion, the results support the use of retraining in the management of fecal incontinence and suggest that retraining may work by enhancing rectal sensitivity and instilling confidence.