安氏Ⅱ类下颌后缩畸形患者颞颌关节窝位置变化的研究

目的：研究恒牙初期安氏Ⅱ类下颌后缩畸形患者颞颌关节窝位置的变化。方法：实验组为31例安氏Ⅱ类下颌后缩畸形恒牙列初期病例,男13例,女18例,年龄12.3±0.5岁,对照组为38例安氏Ⅰ类错恒牙列初期病例,男17例,女21例,年龄11.7±0.7岁。在X线头颅定位侧位片上进行头影测量,比较关节窝的位置变化。结果用独立样本t检验。结果：同对照组安氏Ⅰ类错相比,安氏Ⅱ类错患者的关节窝位置更偏远中（GF-S on FH,GF-Ptm on FH,GF-FMN）（P〈0.05）。结论：下颌后缩时,关节窝可能后移,评估关节窝位置的最佳测量指标是关节窝到前鼻嵴点间的距离（GF-FMN）。     

不同矢状骨面型颞下颌关节窝位置的测量研究

目的：探讨不同矢状骨面型患者颞下颌关节窝的位置。方法：对120例安氏I、Ⅱ、III类骨面型患者治疗前的头颅侧位片进行x线头影测量及统计分析,在周围的骨结构中估计颞下颌关节窝的位置。结果：骨性安氏II类错耠T-Fs＇和T-Ar＇,距离比骨性安氏III类错[牙合]距离长。结论：安氏II类错耠患者TMJ位置（水平距离从T点到Ar’和到Fs’）比安氏III类错[牙合]患者靠后。     

Transverse dimensions of dental arches in subjects with Class II malocclusion in the early mixed dentition

Objective

The purpose of this study was to analyze the transverse dentoalveolar features of subjects with Class II Division 1 malocclusion in mixed dentition when compared to subjects with normal occlusion.

Materials and methods

The study was performed on 192 randomly selected subjects in the early mixed dentition. According to sagittal skeletal and occlusal features the sample was divided into two groups: 88 subjects (53 females and 35 males) with Class II skeletal disharmony and Class II, division 1 malocclusion (Class II Group, mean age 8 years and 10 months ± 11 months) and 104 subjects (66 females e 38 males) with dentoskeletal Class I relationships (Class I Group, mean age 9 ± 1 years). The Class II group was further divided into two subgroups (maxillary protrusion group and mandibular retrusion group) on the basis of the skeletal characteristics. Intermolar and intercanine distances were measured on dental casts in both arches and posterior and anterior transversal discrepancy (PTID and ATID) were calculated.

Results

Subjects with Class II malocclusion showed a significantly greater negative PTID (−2.1 mm) which was associated with a significantly reduced maxillary width with respect to the Class I group (−2.2 mm). The Class II group showed also a significantly greater negative ATID (−1.4 mm) when compared to the Class I group. Subjects with mandibular retrusion showed a significantly greater reduction both in the maxillary intercanine width (−1.7 mm). and in the maxillary intermolar width (−2.7 mm) with respect to the Class I group. Subjects with maxillary protrusion presented with a significantly greater constriction at the maxillary intermolar width (−1.7 mm) when compared to the Class I group.

Conclusions

Class II malocclusion with mandibular retrusion is associated with a significant constriction of the maxillary arch with reduced intercanine and intermolar widths. When Class II malocclusion is due to a maxillary protrusion the constriction at the maxillary arch is limited to the intermolar width.     

Dental,skeletal asymmetries and functional characteristics in Class II subdivision malocclusions

Treatment outcomes of Angle Class II subdivision malocclusions may be compromised because of the uncertainty of the aetiology. Previous studies have reported controversial ideas about the origins, but the existence of a primary contributor still remains unknown. Functional factors have been mentioned as a probable cause, but until now, there have been no supporting data. This study was a cross‐sectional investigation of the characteristics of Angle Class II subdivision malocclusion, including dental, skeletal and functional factors, by comparison of the subdivision group and the normal occlusion group. The evaluations of dental and skeletal asymmetries of both groups were carried out by cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) and analysis of dental casts. The functional deviations were evaluated by cast mounting and measuring. In the subdivision group, the asymmetric position of the glenoid fossa was found to be the most significant skeletal asymmetry. No dentoalveolar asymmetry was found in this group. The most important finding was that, in subdivision malocclusions, functional deviation resulting in pseudoasymmetry occurred in 32·86% of the study participants. This deviation is probably related to the disharmonious arch width between maxillary and mandibular dental arches in the premolar section. The origin of Angle Class II subdivision malocclusion is multifactorial, with dental, skeletal and functional factors included. Functional deviation occurs, probably due to dental arch width disharmony. Asymmetric position of the glenoid fossa may account for most of the skeletal asymmetry.     

Pancherz分析法评价Forsus矫治器治疗发育高峰期下颌后缩畸形的临床疗效

目的观察Forsus矫治器对生长发育高峰期下颌后缩患者牙、、颌面结构的影响。方法应用Forsus矫治器对15例生长发育高峰期的下颌后缩患者进行治疗,采取Pancherz二类错矫正分析方法结合传统测量项目分析治疗前后头颅侧位片。结果下颌体长度增加3.84mm,ANB角减小3.68°,SNB角增加3.20°,覆盖减少5.02mm,磨牙矢状方向改善4.62mm,有显著性差异,且表现为主要的骨性改变和部分的牙性改变。结论 Pancherz分析法可以明确反映下颌后缩患者治疗后颌面部组织在矢状方向上的变化;Forsus矫治器对青春生长发育高峰期患者有明显的下颌骨矫形效果,能促进下颌生长发育,有效地改善覆盖和磨牙关系。     

Longitudinal evaluation of growth changesin class II division 1 subjects

Longitudinal records from the Ohio State University Growth Study were used to compare the skeletal growth changes between Class II division 1 and Class I female subjects between ages 7 and 14. Tensor analysis was used to determine the yearly growth rate and direction. No significant difference was found in cranial base dimension between the Class I and Class II subjects. In Class II subjects, the maxilla (S-N-A) was found to be normally related to the cranial base. However, mandibular position (S-N-B and S-N-Pog) was found to be significantly more retrusive in Class II when compared with Class I subjects. Mandibular length (Ar-Gn) and corpus length (Go-Gn) were found to be shorter in Class II subjects. The ratio of PFH to AFH was found to be smaller in Class II subjects. This is particularly apparent during the pubertal growth period. The y-axis and mandibular plane angle were more open in Class II subjects which also contributed to the retrusive position of the mandible. Maxillo-mandibular difference (A-N-B) between Class I and II subjects was present at age 7 and persisted through puberty, maintaining a greater angle of convexity (A-N-Pg) in Class II subjects. These results suggest that Class II malocclusion can be detected early. The majority of the Class II cases showed mandibular skeletal retrusion or a combination of horizontal and vertical abnormalities of the mandible rather than maxillary protrusion. These skeletal differences remain through puberty without orthodontic intervention. Individual variations were found within each type of malocclusion     

Assessment of skeletal and dental pattern of Class II division 1 malocclusion with relevance to clinical practice

Class II division 1 malocclusion represents the most common skeletal discrepancy which orthodontists see in daily practice. The understanding of the morphology is a key element in planning dentofacial orthopedic treatment for this type of malocclusion. The purpose of the present study was to examine prepubertal children with Class II division 1 malocclusion and to evaluate maxillary and mandibular skeletal positions in comparison with normal growth standards by means of cephalometric measurements used by clinical practitioners. For the study casts and cephalograms of 86 consecutive patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion were used. The Class II division 1 malocclusion demonstrates broad variation in its skeletal and dental morphology. The retrognathic mandible (60%), maxillary prognathism (55.8%) and reduce vertical skeletal jaw relationship is the most common characteristic of Class II division 1 malocclusion. The optimal correction of the anteroposterior and vertical dental and skeletal discrepancies could be designed on the base of individual diagnosis for every Class II division 1 patient.     

骨性Ⅲ类偏颌患者髁突与(牙合)平面特征的CBCT研究

目的 利用锥形束CT(CBCT)测量分析骨性Ⅲ类偏颌患者髁突及(牙合)平面特征。方法 选取符合纳入标准的骨性Ⅲ类成年患者40例,所有个体按照颏下点偏离正中矢状面距离进行分组,分别测量各组左右两侧(牙合)平面角、髁突位置及形态,并对数据进行统计学分析。结果 骨性Ⅲ类偏颌患者的偏侧与对侧相比,(牙合)平面角、关节前间隙、关节上间隙、关节外间隙及髁突内外径差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),偏侧关节后位所占比例较大,下颌骨偏移量与偏侧髁突前间隙及对侧(牙合)平面角均呈正相关(P<0.01)。骨性Ⅲ类非偏颌患者的左右两侧(牙合)平面角、髁突位置及形态指标之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),关节以前位、中位为主。结论 骨性Ⅲ类偏颌患者左右两侧(牙合)平面角、髁突位置及形态不对称,偏侧(牙合)平面角及髁突内外径较小,髁突向后下内方移位,且偏颌程度与(牙合)平面角及髁突位置之间存在相关性。     

Long-term application of chincup force alters the morphology of the dolichofacial Class III mandible

The conventional orthopedic Milwaukee brace exerts a large and continuous force that induces malocclusion and a significant deformation of the mandible. Our previous chincup study examined its use in moderately severe mandibular prognathism without retrusion of the maxilla. The orthopedic force was approximately 500 g at the center of chin and was applied during sleep for 6 to 24 months. For mandibular prognathism subjects (means, 1.0 degrees and -1.3 degrees of ANB angle in the prepubertal and pubertal subjects), the resultant changes were maintained after retention. However, research reported that the changes obtained during chincup treatment (average, 4 (1/2) years' use) were often not maintained in severe skeletal Class III malocclusion. The aim of this clinical study was to investigate the immediate and long-term effects of prolonged use (mean, 7 years 2 months) of chincup appliances in subjects with dolichofacial Class III mandibles. Thirty-six female subjects with severe skeletal Class III malocclusions, associated with large gonial angles, were selected from the dental records of a private clinic. At posttreatment (T1, 65 months' duration) and postretention (T2, 56 months after T1), Ar-Me and Wits appraisal cephalometric parameters were significantly different (P <.01) between patients and control subjects (n = 230). Furthermore, the Go-Me parameter in treated subjects was longer than that of the controls at T0 but became significantly shorter at T2 (P <.01). Treatment was associated with a finding that the Ar-Go parameter increased less than the controls at T2. Our results indicate that long-term use of the chincup appliance (>5 years) is effective in subjects with severe skeletal Class III abnormality.     

Cephalometric evaluation of nongrowing females with skeletal and dental Class II, division 1 malocclusion

Studies evaluating maxillary and mandibular skeletal and dental positions and the vertical components of Class II patients have reported conflicting results. In addition, no common results have been found regarding cranial base configurations. However, few studies have evaluated nongrowing subjects. The aim of this study was to establish whether patients with skeletal and dental Class II division 1 malocclusion have specific craniofacial features. For this, 40 nongrowing females were evaluated cephalometrically. Wide variations were observed for almost all measurements of Class II division 1 patients. However, a posteriorly positioned and rotated mandible, protrusive mandibular incisors, and an increased cranial base angle were all mean characteristics of Class II division 1 patients.     

Temporomandibular joint remodeling in adolescents and young adults during Herbst treatment: A prospective longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging and cephalometric radiographic investigation

The aim of this prospective study was to analyze and compare the temporomandibular joint adaptive mechanisms in 25 adolescent and 14 young adult Class II malocclusions treated with the Herbst appliance. Temporomandibular joint remodeling was analyzed by magnetic resonance imaging. In each subject, 4 magnetic resonance images of both temporomandibular joints were available: before treatment, at the start of treatment (when the Herbst appliance was placed), during treatment (6 to 12 weeks after appliance placement), and after treatment (when the appliance was removed). Furthermore, effective temporomandibular joint changes (the sum of condylar remodeling, fossa remodeling, and condyle-fossa relationship changes) were analyzed with the aid of lateral cephalometric radiographs from before and after treatment. All subjects were treated to Class I or overcorrected Class I dental arch relationships, and their mandibles became significantly (P <.001) more prognathic. After 6 to 12 weeks of Herbst treatment, signs of condylar remodeling were seen at the posterosuperior border in 48 of the 50 adolescent condyles and in 26 of the 28 young adult condyles. Bilateral remodeling of the mandibular ramus could be detected in 1 adolescent and 2 young adult patients. Signs of glenoid fossa remodeling at the anterior surface of the postglenoid spine were noted in 36 adolescent and 22 young adult temporomandibular joints. Effective temporomandibular joint changes during treatment were more horizontally directed and larger in both adolescents and young adult patients treated with the Herbst appliance than in an untreated group of subjects with ideal occlusion (Bolton standards). The increase in mandibular prognathism accomplished by Herbst therapy in both adolescents and young adults seems, in particular, to be a result of condylar and glenoid fossa remodeling. Because the Herbst appliance is most successful in Class II patients also at the end of the growth period, the treatment method could be an alternative to orthognathic surgery in borderline skeletal Class II cases. Magnetic resonance imaging renders an excellent opportunity to visualize the temporomandibular joint remodeling growth processes.     

Effects of non-surgical treatment on temporomandibular joint of adult low-angle subjects with severe skeletal class III deformity]

OBJECTIVE: To investigate effects of non-surgical treatment on temporal mandibular joint(TMJ) of adult low-angle subjects with severe skeletal Class III deformity. METHODS: Thirteen low-angle patients with severe skeletal Class III malocclusion (male 5, female 8) were included in the study. The average age was 21.3 years old. They were treated with OPA-K straight wire technique. Helkimo index evaluation was made before and after treatment. Lateral cephalometric films and corrected TMJ lateral cephalometric radiograghs were taken before and after treatment, and linear and area measurement were observed. All data were analyzed with SPSS 12.0 software. RESULTS: After non-surgical treatment, Helkimo indexes of all patients redistributed. The line distance and area of anterior space in TMJ increased while the posterior space decreased. Linear percent decreased from 20.81% to 8.04%, and area proportion decreased from 1.62 to 1.01. Anterior space was the same as the posterior. Condyles and mandibles were retruded. CONCLUSION: After non-surgical therapy in adult low-angle subjects with severe skeletal Class III malocclusion, condyles remove posteriorly from more anterior position to normal concentric position, and temporo-mandibular disorders symptom is relieved and cured effectively.     

The pattern and prevalence of hypodontia in Koreans

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the pattern and prevalence of hypodontia in the Korean population along with its association with the dental and skeletal polymorphisms. Subjects and materials: The diagnostic materials including casts, panoramic radiographs, and lateral cephalograms of 1622 Korean subjects (611 males, 1011 females) were used to evaluate the pattern and prevalence of hypodontia as well as its association with the congenital absence of the third molar. The changes in the tooth size and skeletal characteristics of the hypodontia group were evaluated using cast/cephalometric analysis and compared with the standard values of normal occlusion in Koreans. Results: The prevalence of hypodontia in Koreans was 11.2%. The mandibular lateral incisor and second premolar were the most frequently absent. Congenital absence of the third molar was observed more frequently in the hypodontia group than in the non‐hypodontia group. The prevalence of hypodontia in Class III malocclusion was significantly higher than in Class I or Class II malocclusion. Conclusion: The pattern and prevalence of hypodontia can vary in different ethnic groups. In Koreans, the special features of hypodontia were its association with a higher level of congenital missing third molars and skeletal Class III malocclusion.     

Retrognathic maxilla in individuals born with oral clefts is due to intrinsic factors and not only due to early surgical treatment

ObjectivesTo determine if the skeletal form of individuals born with oral clefts was associated with maxillary position.Materials and MethodsLateral cephalometric radiographs of 90 individuals 8 to 12 years old born with or without cleft lip and palate paired by age and sex were used. Skull base length, cranial base angle, cranial deflection angle, and maxillary skeletal length and position were studied. Also, mandibular skeletal length and position, lower anterior facial height, and dental position were defined. Individuals were divided into three groups: 30 individuals born with cleft lip and palate with Class III malocclusion (UCLP Class III), 30 individuals born with cleft lip and palate with Class I malocclusion (UCLP Class I), and 30 individuals born without cleft lip and palate with Class III malocclusion (non-cleft Class III).ResultsWhen comparing the UCLP Class III group with the UCLP Class I group, there were differences in maxillary position (P < .001) and mandibular position (P = .004) found. No differences were found when comparing the UCLP Class III group with the non-cleft Class III group.ConclusionsThere are intrinsic factors that affect craniofacial morphology of individuals born with cleft lip and palate.     

Postpubertal assessment of treatment timing for maxillary expansion and protraction therapy followed by fixed appliances.

In this cephalometric investigation, we evaluated the correction of Class III malocclusion in subjects who had attained postpubertal skeletal maturity and considered whether treatment timing influenced favorable craniofacial modifications. All subjects (n = 50) were treated with an initial phase of rapid maxillary expansion and protraction facemask therapy, followed by a second phase of preadjusted edgewise therapy. The treated sample was divided into an early treated group (early mixed or late deciduous dentition, 33 subjects) and a late treated group (late mixed dentition, 17 subjects). Mean treatment duration times were 7 years 2 months for the early treatment group and 4 years 5 months for the late treatment group. The treated patients were matched to untreated controls (early control group, 14 subjects; late control group, 10 subjects) on the basis of race, sex, mean age at first observation, mean age at second observation, mean observation intervals, and type of malocclusion. A modified version of Johnston's pitchfork analysis, with additional angular and linear measures for mandibular size and shape and for vertical skeletal relationships, was performed. Analysis of variance was used to evaluate the difference in means for each cephalometric variable in the treated groups compared with the corresponding control groups. The findings showed that orthopedic treatment of Class III malocclusion was more effective when it was initiated at an early developmental phase of the dentition (early mixed or late deciduous) rather than during later stages with respect to untreated Class III control groups. Patients treated with rapid maxillary expansion and facemask therapy in the late mixed dentition, however, still benefited from the treatment, but to a lesser degree. Early treatment produced significant favorable postpubertal modifications in both maxillary and mandibular structures, whereas late treatment induced only a significant restriction of mandibular growth. Significant changes in mandibular size were associated with significant changes in mandibular shape only in early treated subjects. The main contribution to overall occlusal correction was related to skeletal modifications rather than dental changes in both early and late treated groups.     

Correlation of the cranial base angle and its components with other dental/skeletal variables and treatment time

Many authors have studied the correlation of cranial base flexure and the degree of mandibular prognathism and classification of malocclusion. This indicates that the cranial base flexure may or may not have an effect on the degree of mandibular prognathism and classification of malocclusion. This study evaluates the correlation of the pretreatment cranial base angle and its component parts to other dental and skeletal cephalometric variables as well as treatment time. The sample consisted of 99 Angle Class II and Class I malocclusions treated in the mixed dentition with cervical headgear and incisor bite plane. Thirty of the patients required full appliance treatment. Treatment duration averaged 4.3 years (SD, 1.5 years). Only the starting cephalograms were used to acquire linear, proportional, and angular cranial base dimensions using Ba-S-N (total cranial base), Ba-S/FH (posterior cranial base), and SN/FH (anterior cranial base). Pearson product moment correlation coefficients were computed and used to assess the association of the following skeletal and dental variables: N-Pg/FH, MP/FH, Y-axis/FH, U1/L1, L1/MP, A-NPg mm, A-Perp, B-Perp, and treatment time with the cranial base measurements. Significance was determined only when the confidence level was P < .05. Although there was no significant correlation of BaSN or SN/FH with NPg, the angular BaS/FH, linear BaS mm, and proportional length of BaS %BaN were all statistically negatively correlated to the facial angle. This indicates that the posterior cranial base leg is the controlling factor in relating the cranial base to mandibular prognathism.     

替牙期假性安氏Ⅲ类错He的牙颌特征

目的研究替牙期假性安氏III类错(牙合)的牙颌特征,为早期诊断提供依据.方法假性安氏III类错(牙合)组包括替牙期拍摄的36张头颅侧位片.该组为追踪观察至生长发育期后确定为假性安氏III类错(牙合)的患者(女15名,男21名),替牙期拍摄头颅侧位片时的平均年龄为10.7±2.0岁.选择标准为①安氏Ⅰ类磨牙关系,前牙反(牙合);②功能性下颌前移位.真性安氏III类错组包括替牙期拍摄的40张头颅侧位片.该组为追踪观察至生长发育期后确定为真性安氏III类错并接受正颌手术治疗的患者(女21名,男19名),替牙期拍摄头颅侧位片时的平均年龄为9.7±2.2岁.选择标准为安氏III类磨牙关系,前牙反(牙合).安氏Ⅰ类错(牙合)组包括31名安氏Ⅰ类错(牙合)患者(女17名,男14名),平均年龄为11.2±1.4岁.选择标准为①安氏Ⅰ类骨面型,②覆(牙合)覆盖正常,③轻度或中度牙列拥挤,④正中(牙合)位时为直面型.结果假性安氏III类错组中,女性"A"点到N perp的距离平均值为-1.63mm,与安氏Ⅰ类错(牙合)女性平均值0.52 mm相比,差异有显著性(P＜0.05).假性安氏III类错(牙合)组上切牙较直立.结论替牙期假性安氏III类错(牙合)组的牙颌特征为①面中部长度(Co-A)稍短,②下颌功能性前移位,但下颌长度正常,③上前牙舌倾,下前牙倾斜度正常,④垂直向生长发育正常.     

A comparison of arch widths in adults with normal occlusion and adults with class II, Division 1 malocclusion

This study compares arch widths and other cast and cephalometric measurements of 36 normal-occlusion subjects (19 males, 17 females) with 39 Class II, Division 1 subjects (20 males, 19 females). None of the subjects had received orthodontic treatment. Analysis of variance demonstrated that subjects with normal occlusion had larger maxillary molar widths, maxillary canine widths, and maxillary alveolar widths than subjects with malocclusion; only male subjects with normal occlusion had larger mandibular molar widths and mandibular alveolar widths than the malocclusion subjects; the normal occlusion and malocclusion groups had similar mandibular canine widths; and when the lower molar and alveolar widths were subtracted from corresponding upper widths, the remainders of the Class II group were negative instead of positive, contrary to the normal group. This revealed a posterior crossbite tendency in the Class II group.     

Twin-block矫治下颌后缩患者前、后的气道变化

目的: 探讨安氏Ⅱ类1分类下颌后缩患者Twin-block矫治前、后上气道的变化,观察不同舌位置患者矫治前、后气道的变化。方法: 选择下颌后缩的安氏Ⅱ类1分类患者33例,平均年龄（11.3±0.89）岁,分为对照组（12例）和试验组（21例）,试验组按锥形束CT（CBCT）显示的舌位置又分为舌低位组及舌高位组。试验组使用Twin-block矫治器进行治疗,对照组不矫治。试验组于治疗前及治疗8个月后拍摄CBCT,对照组在第1个月和第8个月拍摄CBCT。利用Dolphin软件对收集的数据进行三维重建,并测量口咽处气道体积以及最小横截面积的变化。采用SPSS 24.0软件包对数据进行配对t检验和单因素方差分析。结果: 8个月后,对照组口咽处气道体积及最小横截面积均无显著变化,而试验组口咽处气道体积及最小横截面积均显著增大（P<0.001）。舌高位组气道体积及最小横截面积比治疗前显著增加（P<0.01）,舌低位组气道体积及最小横截面积与治疗前相比也显著增加（P<0.05）。结论: Twin-block能够显著增加安氏Ⅱ类1分类下颌后缩患者口咽处气道体积及最小横截面积;下颌前移与气道改善不呈正相关,但在前移过程中,舌位正常有助于气道开放。     

成人骨性Ⅲ类错口咽气道容积大小和舌骨位置的锥形束CT研究

目的:应用锥形束CT（cone-beam computed tomography,CBCT）和Invivo5软件测量成人骨性Ⅲ类错口咽气道容积大小和舌骨位置,分析上、下颌骨的位置对气道的影响,为正畸临床评估口咽气道容积及舌骨位置提供理论依据。方法:随机筛选CBCT资料,按纳入标准和上、下颌骨矢状位置,将研究对象分为3组,筛选出60例骨性Ⅰ类错作为对照组;将成人骨性Ⅲ类错分为上颌后缩组和下颌前突组,每组60例。采用第三方软件Invivo5将CBCT扫描数据进行三维重建,建立三维坐标系,应用测量工具测量口咽气道及舌骨位置,采用SPSS19.0软件包对上述3组进行两两比较。结果:成人骨性Ⅲ类下颌前突组分别较上颌后缩组、骨性Ⅰ类组口咽气道容积大（P<0.05）,但骨性Ⅲ类上颌后缩组与骨性Ⅰ类组口咽气道容积无显著差异（P>0.05）;舌骨矢状向位置由前到后为骨性Ⅲ类下颌前突组、骨性Ⅲ类上颌后缩组、骨性Ⅰ类组（P<0.05）;舌骨垂直向位置,骨性Ⅲ类下颌前突组显著高于上颌后缩组、骨性Ⅰ类组（P<0.05）,但骨性Ⅲ类上颌后缩组与骨性Ⅰ类组无显著差异（P>0.05）。结论:成人不同骨性错畸形上气道三维特征不同,下颌骨矢状位置、长度较上颌骨对口咽气道容积、形态、走向、舌骨矢状位置影响更为显著。CBCT及Invivo5是评价上气道的实用工具,可为正畸临床评估骨性错患者上气道三维结构及舌骨位置、制订合理有效的治疗方案提供指导。