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Valrie Feigenbaum Antoinette Glot Philippe Casanova Catherine Daumas-Duport Patrick Aubourg Monique Dubois-Dalcq 《Neurobiology of disease》2000,7(6):600-612
The childhood cerebral form of adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is a fatal demyelinating disease, yet mice deficient in the ALD gene do not show such clinicopathological phenotype. We have therefore investigated in human autopsy tissues whether the ALD gene mutation results in apoptosis of CNS cells. Specimens from telencephalic and brainstem regions of four patients, and three controls were examined for internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, in situ detection of DNA breaks by the TUNEL method, and caspase-3 immunostaining. None of the controls showed significant apoptosis in white matter, while apoptotic nuclei with chromatin alterations were detected in areas of active demyelination in three ALD patients. A large proportion of apoptotic cells were oligodendrocytes and some express activated caspase-3. TUNEL-positive nuclei and/or caspase-3 staining were also detected in perivascular infiltrates and, occasionally, in neurons. We conclude that apoptosis of oligodendrocytes may account, at least in part, for the demyelinating process in the ALD brain. 相似文献
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新型冠状病毒是一种继严重急性呼吸综合征病毒、中东呼吸综合征病毒之后出现并造
成大流行的冠状病毒,主要侵犯呼吸系统,但由于其受体分布广泛,也会可以感染其他系统,包括中
枢神经系统。新型冠状病毒可以通过直接侵犯、激活炎症反应、诱发自身免疫反应等机制影响中枢
神经系统,并导致脑炎、急性脊髓炎、脑病、脑血管疾病、癫痫等一系列并发症,严重影响患者预后。
本文将结合国内外现有文献,对上述并发症进行综合阐述,以供临床同道借鉴参考。
【关键词】 新型冠状病毒;中枢神经系统;并发症 相似文献
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儿童中枢神经系统肿瘤(附766例分析) 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
目的:探讨儿童中枢神经系统肿瘤的发病特点。方法:对华山医院1986~1998年儿童中枢神经系统肿瘤766例,进行回顾性分析。结果:本组占同期中枢神经系统肿瘤病例数的6.14%。部位:颅内725例,其中幕上499例,幕下276例,椎管内41例。组织学分类:前三位分别是:星形细胞性肿瘤(19例,占26.0%);颅咽管瘤(115例,占15.0%);髓母细胞瘤(101例,占13.2%)。性别:男孩多见。发病涉及各年龄组,病例数随年龄的增长而增加。结论:儿童中枢神经系统肿瘤位于幕上者多于幕下,颅内肿瘤以星形细胞性肿瘤最常见,男孩比女孩好发,为1.50:1。 相似文献
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Gavin J Swanson 《Trends in neurosciences》1998,21(12):538-539
edited by R. Nieuwenhuys, H.J. ten Donkelaar and C. Nicholson, Springer-Verlag, 1997. £1060.00, $1644.20 (xvi+2219 pages) ISBN 3 540 56013 0 相似文献
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累及中枢神经系统的血管炎被称为中枢神经系统血管炎。头痛是中枢神经系统血管炎
的非特异表现之一,也是其中最常见的神经系统症状。目前按照2012年Chapel Hill会议(Chapel Hill
consensus conference,CHCC)血管炎分类标准将血管炎按照受累血管大小不同进行分类。血管炎所致头
痛的发病机制不明,血脑屏障及神经血管单元的破坏在血管炎头痛中可能起到重要作用。不同类型
血管炎累及中枢神经系统的发生率以及头痛的发生时机和特点有差异。识别血管炎相关的头痛,并快
速进行诊断至关重要,以免进行不必要的治疗或导致严重神经系统后遗症。 相似文献
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《Seminars in pediatric neurology》2016,23(4):285-289
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Nathaniel C. Swinburne Anmol G. Bansal Amit Aggarwal Amish H. Doshi 《Current neurology and neuroscience reports》2017,17(6):49
Radiologic imaging is often employed to supplement clinical evaluation in cases of suspected central nervous system (CNS) infection. While computed tomography (CT) is superior for evaluating osseous integrity, demineralization, and erosive changes and may be more readily available at many institutions, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has significantly greater sensitivity for evaluating the cerebral parenchyma, cord, and marrow for early changes that have not yet reached the threshold for CT detection. For these reasons, MRI is generally superior to CT for characterizing bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections of the CNS. The typical imaging features of common and uncommon CNS infectious processes are reviewed. 相似文献
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目的:对Eales’病并发中枢神经系统损害的流行病学、临床特点及诊断进行总结和分析。方法:结合文献对1例Eales’病患者并发中枢神经系统损害的流行病学、临床特点和影像学表现进行回顾性分析。结果:该患者Eales’病并发中枢神经系统损害的临床表现为眼前黑点、记忆力减退和头痛;病灶位于视网膜、大脑半球、脑干及脊髓。结论:Eales’病是一种视网膜血管炎,出现眼部症状后数个月至数年并发中枢神经系统损害症状,诊断需结合临床特点、眼底荧光造影及影像学表现。皮质激素及硫唑嘌呤治疗有效。 相似文献
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