谷胱甘肽转硫酶M1、T1基因型及烟酒嗜好与胃癌易感性的关系

[目的]探讨谷胱甘肽转硫酶基因多态性M1（GSTM1）、T1（GSTT1）及烟酒嗜好与胃癌易感性的关系，并对GST基因多态性GSTT1、GSTM1与烟酒暴露在胃癌发生中的交互作用进行分析。[方法]采用1：1配对病例-对照研究方法和PCR技术，检测121例原发性胃癌患者和相应对照的GSTM1和GSTT1基因型，结合研究对象的烟酒嗜好，应用SAS统计分析系统，分析GSTM1和GSTT1基因型及烟酒暴露与胃癌发病的关系，并对基因-基因，基因-烟酒暴露在胃癌发生中的交互作用进行分析。[结果]GSTM1（-）基因型频率在病例组和对照组中分别占44．63％和33．88%，分布无显著性差异（χ^2=2．6436，P〉0．05），GSTT1（-）基因型频率在病例组和对照组中分别为52．89％和44．63名，分布也无显著性差异（χ^2=1．1650，P〉0．05）。吸烟者比非吸烟者发生胃癌的危险高（OR=2．538，95％CI：1．336～4．823）；饮酒者比非饮酒者发生胃癌的危险高（OR=2．097，95％CI：1．025～4．291）。同时携带GSTM1（-）和GSTT1（-）基因型者发生胃癌的危险性高于GSTM1（＋）和GSTT1（＋）基因型携带者（OR=2．097，95％CI：1．025～4．291）；同时有烟酒嗜好的个体发生胃癌的危险性高于无烟酒嗜好者（OR=2．330，95％CI：1．211～4．482）。携带GSTM1（-）和GSTT1（-）且有烟酒嗜好者，发生胃癌的危险显著高于携带GSTM1（＋）和GSTT1（＋）的无烟酒嗜好者（OR=3．600，95％CI：1．025～12．650）。[结论]吸烟、饮酒与胃癌易感性增加有关，GSTM1和GSTT1基因型及烟酒嗜好在胃癌发生中存在一定的交互作用。     

Polymorphisms in the promoter of the tumor necrosis factor-α gene in coal miners

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF) is recognized as a central mediator of mineral dust-induced lung fibrosis, and genetic polymorphisms of the TNF promoter have been reported to influence levels of TNF production. To assess whether polymorphisms within the TNF promoter gene are associated with susceptibility to coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP), the DNA of 78 coal miners was typed for G-to-A transitions at positions −238 and −308. Our results show that frequency of A⁻³⁰⁸ genotype (T2) is significantly overpresented in coal miners with CWP (50%), as compared with miners without CWP (25%) and controls (29%). After correction for cumulative dust exposure and smoking, the A⁻³⁰⁸ transition genotype is still associated with the presence of CWP (OR = 3.0, 95%CI = 1.0–9.0). Both A⁻²³⁸ and A⁻³⁰⁸ transition genotypes were related to TNF release from endotoxin-stimulated blood monocytes; only the A⁻²³⁸ transition and not the A⁻³⁰⁸ transition was associated to coal dust-induced TNF release. In summary, this study shows that the A⁻³⁰⁸ transition is related to CWP, but this relation is not paralleled by a different TNF release in this genotype. A larger number of patients coupled to frequent TNF release are required to evaluate genotype screening to estimate individual health risks for effects of coal mine dust exposure. Am. J. Ind. Med. 34:318–324, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

GSTM1和GSTT1基因多态性与噪声性听力损失易感性的关系

目的探讨GSTM1和GSTT1基因多态性与噪声性听力损失易感性的关系。方法采用病例对照研究方法和多重聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术检测听损组123(118)例和对照组123(114)例的GSTM1和GSTT1基因缺失型频率,以2检验检测听损组和对照组基因型频率的差异。结果GSTM1基因在听损组和正常组的缺失率分别为69.1%和56.1%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。GSTM1(-)基因型携带者发生噪声性听力损失的危险性是携带GSTM1( )基因型者的1.75倍。GSTT1基因在听损组和正常组的缺失率为50.8%和57.9%,差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。联合分析表明,携带GSTM1(-)和GSTT1(-)基因型者发生噪声性听力损失的危险性虽稍高于携带GSTM1( )和GSTT1( )基因型者(OR=1.11,2=0.16,P>0.05),但差异无统计学意义,由此认为GSTM1和GSTT1基因之间可能不存在联合作用。结论GSTM1基因缺失可能是发生噪声性听力损失的易感因素之一。     

GSTT1和GSTM1基因多态性与人体砷甲基化代谢水平关系探讨

目的探讨GSTT1、GSTM1基因多态性与人体砷甲基化代谢水平之间的关系。方法选择某工业性砷污染区的247名成年常住居民为研究对象。采用多重PCR法检测GSTM1和GSTT1基因多态性。离子色谱氢化物发生原子荧光法(IC-HG-AFS)测定尿中无机砷(iAs)、一甲基胂酸(MMA)和二甲基胂酸(DMA)。结果GSTT1缺失基因型人群与GSTT1非缺失基因型人群尿中iAs比例、DMA比例和MMA比例相比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。GSTM1缺失基因型人群与GSTM1非缺失基因型人群尿中iAs比例、DMA比例和MMA比例相比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。四组不同GSTT1和GSTM1联合基因型人群尿中iAs比例、DMA比例和MMA比例相比较,四组间差异也均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论本研究未发现GSTT1、GSTM1基因多态性与砷代谢水平之间存在显著关联。     

Identification and classification of high risk groups for Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis using an artificial neural network based on occupational histories: a retrospective cohort study

Background  

Coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) is a preventable, but not fully curable occupational lung disease. More and more coal miners are likely to be at risk of developing CWP owing to an increase in coal production and utilization, especially in developing countries. Coal miners with different occupational categories and durations of dust exposure may be at different levels of risk for CWP. It is necessary to identify and classify different levels of risk for CWP in coal miners with different work histories. In this way, we can recommend different intervals for medical examinations according to different levels of risk for CWP. Our findings may provide a basis for further emending the measures of CWP prevention and control.     

Study on the relationship between GSTM1, GSTT1 gene polymorphisms and arsenic methylation level

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of GSTT1, GSTM1 and arsenic methylation level. METHODS: 247 residents in an industrial arsenic polluted village were randomly selected as subjects. The genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were detected by multiple PCR method. Urinary inorganic arsenic (iAs), monomethylarsenic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsenic acid (DMA) concentrations were determined by ion chromatogram combined with HG-AFS. RESULTS: No significant differences in the relative proportion of urinary iAs, MMA and DMA were observed between the individuals with GSTT1 positive genotype and the individuals with GSTT1 null genotype. No significant differences in the relative proportion of urinary iAs, MMA and DMA were observed between the individuals with GSTM1 positive genotype and the individuals with GSTM1 null genotype. And no significant differences in the relative proportion of urinary iAs, MMA and DMA was observed among the individuals with different GSTM1 and GSTT1 associated genotype. CONCLUSION: The polymorphisms of GSTT1 and GSTM1 were not associated with arsenic metabolism level in the studied population.     

Pneumoconiosis and advanced occupational lung disease among surface coal miners--16 states, 2010-2011

Coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) is a chronic occupational lung disease caused by long-term inhalation of dust, which triggers inflammation of the alveoli, eventually resulting in irreversible lung damage. CWP ranges in severity from simple to advanced; the most severe form is progressive massive fibrosis (PMF). Advanced CWP is debilitating and often fatal. To prevent CWP, the Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969 established the current federal exposure limit for respirable dust in underground and surface coal mines. The Act also established a surveillance system for assessing prevalence of pneumoconiosis among underground coal miners, but this surveillance does not extend to surface coal miners. With enforcement of the exposure limit, the prevalence of CWP among underground coal miners declined from 11.2% during 1970-1974 to 2.0% during 1995-1999, before increasing unexpectedly in the last decade, particularly in Central Appalachia. Exposure to respirable dust is thought to be less in surface than underground coal miners. Although they comprise 48% of the coal mining workforce, surface coal miners have not been studied since 2002. To assess the prevalence, severity, and geographic distribution of pneumoconiosis among current surface coal miners, CDC obtained chest radiographs of 2,328 miners during 2010-2011 through the Coal Workers' Health Surveillance Program of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Forty-six (2.0%) of 2,257 miners with >1 year of surface mining experience had CWP, including 37 who had never worked underground. Twelve (0.5%) had PMF, including nine who had never worked underground. A high proportion of the radiographs suggested silicosis, a disease caused by inhalation of crystalline silica. Surface coal mine operators should monitor worker exposures closely to ensure that both respirable dust and silica are below recommended levels to prevent CWP. Clinicians should be aware of the risk for advanced pneumoconiosis among surface coal miners, in addition to underground coal miners, to facilitate prompt disease identification and intervention.     

GSTM1和GSTT1基因多态性与女性肺癌易感性的关系

目的：探讨谷胱苷肽硫转移酶M1（glutathione S-transferaseM1,GSTM1)和T1（glutathione S-transferaseT1,GSTT1)基因多态性与女性肺癌遗传易感性的关系。方法：采用病例－对照研究方法和多重PCR技术检测女性肺癌病例组42人和健康对照组55人的GSTM1和GSTT1基因缺陷型的频率，并评价GSTM1和GSTT1基因型以及他们之间的交互作用与肺癌遗传易感性的关系。结果：在本次研究的人群中，病例组GSTM1和GSTT1基因缺陷型的频率分别为66．7％和45．2％，对照组为54．5％和38．2％，GSTM1基因缺陷型和GSTT1基因缺陷型的频率在病例组和对照组之间均无显性差异（P＞0．05）。在不吸烟的女性人群中，GSTM1基因缺陷型携带患肺癌的危险性是GSTM1基因功能型携带的2．557倍（P＝0．046）；GSTT1基因缺陷型则有女性肺癌的发生无显关联（P＝0．557）。此外，GSTT1基因型与GSTM1基因型之间亦无明显的交互作用（P＞0．05）。结论：GSTM1基因缺陷型可能是非吸烟女性患肺癌的重要危险因素。GSTT1基因缺失则可能与肺癌的发生无关，在女性肺癌的发生过程中GSTM1和GSTT1可能不存在交互作用。     

Relations between occupational exposure to coal mine dusts,erythrocyte catalase and Cu++/Zn++ superoxide dismutase activities,and the severity of coal workers' pneumoconiosis

OBJECTIVES: To better understand the relations between occupational exposure, blood antioxidant enzyme activities, total plasma antioxidant concentration, and the severity of coal workers'' pneumoconiosis (CWP). METHODS: Blood samples were obtained from miners without CWP exposed to low dust concentrations for > or = 4 years at the time of the study (n = 105), or exposed to high dust concentrations for > or = 14 years at the time of the study (n = 58), and from retired miners with CWP (n = 19). Miners without CWP were classified into three subgroups according to their estimated cumulative exposure to dust. Chest x ray films were obtained for each miner. Miners were classified in five subgroups according to their International Labour Organisation (ILO) profusion grades. Univariate tests were completed by multiple linear regression analyses. RESULTS: The estimated cumulative exposure to dust was strongly positively related to erythrocyte catalase activity and strongly negatively related to Cu++/Zn++ SOD activity only in miners exposed to high dust concentrations for > or = 14 years at the time of the study (F tests p = 0.006 and p = 0.004 respectively). Moreover, catalase activity was strongly related to the severity of CWP expressed as five subgroups of ILO profusion grades (F test p = 0.003); the greatest difference in the mean values was found between the group of 1/1 to 1/2 ILO profusion grades and the group of 2/1 to 3/3 ILO profusion grades. CONCLUSION: These results are in good agreement with the hypothesis that production of reactive oxygen species may be an important event in the exposure to coal mine dusts and the severity of CWP. Erythrocyte catalase and Cu++/Zn++ SOD activities are more closely related to recent exposure to high dust concentrations than to cumulative exposure, and could be considered as biological markers of exposure rather than as markers of early adverse biological effect.       

An investigation into the relationship between coal workers' pneumoconiosis and dust exposure in U.S. coal miners.

The National Study of Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis (NSCWP) is a large, continuing epidemiologic study of the respiratory health of U.S. coal miners. By using information from the study, prevalence of coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) was related to indexes of dust exposure obtained from research and compliance sampling data. Clear relationships between prevalences of both simple CWP and progressive massive fibrosis (PMF) and estimated dust exposure were seen. Additional effects independently associated with coal rank (% carbon) and age were also seen. Logistic model fitting indicated that between 2% and 12% of miners exposed to a 2-mg/m3 dust environment in bituminous coal mines would be expected to have Category 2 or greater CWP after a 40-yr working life; PMF would be expected for between 1.3% and 6.7%. The risks for anthracite miners appeared to be greater. There was a suggestion of a background level of abnormality, not associated with dust exposure, but increasing with age. Although there are certain weaknesses in the data used to derive these exposure estimates, the results are in general agreement with, but somewhat greater than, some recent findings for British coal miners.     

GSTM1和GSTT1基因多态性与大气污染的交互作用对哮喘的影响

目的研究GSTM1和GSTT1基因多态性与大气污染的交互作用对哮喘发病的影响,为哮喘的预防、诊断和治疗提供理论依据.方法在大气污染程度不同的重污染区和轻污染区分别选择21和33例哮喘患者;同时分别选择性别相同、年龄相近、居住地区相同的19和34例非呼吸系统疾病患者为对照组,运用PCR技术进行GSTM1和GSTT1基因型分布检测,并进行流行病学调查.结果哮喘病例组和对照组GSTM1野生型和突变型的构成比分别为33.3%,66.7%和47.2%,52.8%,差异无统计学意义;GSTT1野生型和突变型的构成比分别为46.3%、53.7%和47.2%、52.8%,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).在大气污染相对较轻的情况下,GSTM1基因呈突变型的人群哮喘发病危险性是野生型基因携带者的2.667倍;暴露于大气重污染环境中的GSTM1基因呈野生型的人群哮喘发病危险是暴露于大气轻污染环境中GSTM1基因呈野生型的人群的2.125倍;既暴露于大气重污染环境中,而GSTM1基因又呈突变型的人群哮喘发病危险是暴露大气轻污染环境中GSTM1基因呈野生型的人群的2.061倍,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论该研究尚未发现GSTM1、GSTT1基因多态性和大气污染的交互作用对哮喘发病有显著性影响.     

GSTT1基因、GSTM1基因多态性与乳腺癌易感性的病例-对照研究

目的探讨女性乳腺癌人群中,雌激素代谢酶GSTT1基因、GSTM1基因多态性与乳腺癌易感性的关系。方法采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)对天津市105例正常对照者和100例乳腺癌患者的GSTT1基因、GSTM1基因多态性进行检测,Logistic回归分析评估单个、联合基因以及雌激素暴露相关因素对罹患乳腺癌的危险度。结果GSTT1基因缺失型在两组间分布频率的差别有统计学意义(χ2=13.766,P=0.000),GSTM1基因在两组间分布频率的差别有统计学意义(χ2=13.135,P=0.000);联合基因型分析显示,随着GSTT1或GSTM1基因型缺失情况的出现,个体罹患乳腺癌的危险性增加(趋势性检验,χ2=27.011,P=0.000);GSTM1基因和GSTT1基因同时缺失的人群OR(95%CI)为12.338(3.621～22.042);多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示:GSTT1基因和GSTM1基因缺失与乳腺癌的发生相关。结论雌激素代谢酶相关基因多态性与乳腺癌发生相关。     

谷胱甘肽硫转移酶M1和T1基因多态性与噪声性听力损失易感性的关系研究

目的探讨谷胱甘肽硫转移酶M1和T1(GSTM1和GSTT1)的基因多态性与噪声性听力损失易感性之间的关系。方法采用横断面流行病学研究方法,对194名噪声暴露作业工人进行调查和听力测试,按听力学评价的结果将其分为听力损失组和听力正常组。用多重PCR方法检测其GSTM1和GSTT1的存在空白基因多态性。结果GSTM1和GSTT1的存在空白基因型分布在93名噪声性听力损失与101名听力正常工人之间差异无显著性(P>0.05)。采用多元Logistic回归分析对两组间年龄、性别、吸烟状况、爆震史和累积噪声暴露量等因素进行校正后,发现GSTT1空白基因型组与GSTT1存在基因型组相比噪声性听力损失的危险度显著性升高(P<0.05),调整OR值为1.952(95%可信区间为1.017～3.746);GSTM1存在与空白基因型之间发生噪声性听力损失的相对危险度差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论谷胱甘肽硫转移酶T1基因多态性可能在噪声性听力损失的发病过程中起一定作用,携带GSTT1空白基因型的个体对噪声性听力损失的易感性升高。     

煤尘职业接触者和早期煤工尘肺BAL液中表面活性物质研究

目的 探讨煤尘职业接触者和早期煤工尘肺患者BAL液中表面活性物质含量改变特点及其意义。方法 采煤工人23人,按X线诊断煤工尘肺期别分为0期（煤尘接触者）组7人、0^ 组8人和I期组8人,并取健康农民7人为对照组。经纤维支气管肺泡灌洗（BAL）收集BAL液,测定表面活性蛋白A(SP－A）和磷脂（PL）及其组分含量。结果 0期组BAL液中SP－A含量、SP－A／PL和PG／PI明显高于对照组（P＜0．01）,且随煤工尘肺期别增加而有降低趋势。结论 BAL液中SP－A含量、SP－A／PL和PG／PI升高可能是煤尘接触的早期效应指标。     

Epidemiological evaluation of release of monocyte TNF-alpha as an exposure and effect marker in pneumoconiosis: a five year follow up study of coal workers.

OBJECTIVES--To determine (a) reproducibility with previous cross sectional findings, and (b) the predictive value of initial release of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) towards later progression of coalworkers' pneumoconiosis (CWP). METHODS--Release of monocyte TNF-alpha after in vitro stimulation with coal mine dust, silica, and endotoxin was measured in 104 retired miners and was related to stage of CWP (chest radiograph) and cumulative exposure. A subgroup of 46 miners was screened by high resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Prospective analysis of TNF-alpha (40 out of 104 miners involved in the previous TNF-alpha study) was done by relating initial TNF-alpha to five year progression of CWP measured by comparison of paired chest radiographs. RESULTS--As observed previously, dust stimulated release of TNF-alpha was increased in miners, especially in the early stages of pneumoconiosis. Cumulative exposure was related to pneumoconiotic stage but not to release of TNF-alpha. This excluded TNF-alpha as an exposure marker. Initial concentrations (1987) of TNF-alpha were related to later progression of CWP. Miners who showed abnormally high dust stimulated release of TNF-alpha had an increased risk of progression in CWP (relative risk 8.1). CONCLUSIONS--These results show (a) the significant involvement of TNF-alpha in pneumoconiosis in humans induced by coal dust and (b) that this routine test possibly constitutes a powerful tool to estimate individual prognosis of pneumoconiotic disease, even after the end of occupational exposure.     

谷胱甘肽转硫酶M1和T1基因型与新疆哈萨克族食管癌的关系

目的 为探讨与致癌物代谢有关的谷胱甘肽转硫酶(GST)Tl和Ml基因多型性与哈萨克族食管癌易感性的关系。方法 采用聚合酶链(PCR)技术，分析新疆食管癌高发民族中GSTMl和GSTTl基因型分布的差异。结果 GSTMl基因在食管癌、癌旁正常粘膜对照组中缺失率分别为41．46％(17／41)、34．15％(14／41)；GSTTl基因缺失率的分别为48．78％(20／41)、51．22％(21／41)，差别均无显性。同时，在食管癌组织的高分化组、中低分化组中GSTTl和GSTMl基因缺失率分别为61．54％(8／13)、42．86％(12／28)、l5．38％(2／l3)、53．57％(14／28)，其中GSTMl基因缺失率在高、中低分化组中差别有统计学意义。结论 提示GSTMl基因多型性与哈萨克族食管癌组织病理分级相关。     

GSTM1及GSTT1基因多态性与宫颈癌关系的研究

目的：探讨GSTM1及GSTT1基因多态性与宫颈癌发生的关系.方法：采用以医院为基础的病例对照及分子流行病学研究方法,应用多重PCR技术检测125例宫颈癌病例和125例子宫肌瘤对照的GSTM1和GSTT1基因型.结果：病例组GSTM1基因纯合缺失率为58.4%,显著高于对照组43.2%（x^2=5.777,P=0.016）;GSTT1基因纯合缺失率在病例组和对照组分别为53.6%和44.0%,差别无统计学意义（x^2=2.305,P=0.129）;GSTM1和GSTT1联合缺失者患宫颈癌的危险性是两基因同时存在者的2.588倍（95%CI=1.285～5.212）.结论：GSTM1基因纯合缺失或GSTM1、GSTT1联合缺失可能与宫颈癌的发生有关.     

The role of polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferases GSTM1, M3, P1, T1 and A1 in susceptibility to alcoholic liver disease

AIMS AND METHODS: Oxidant stress is proposed to be an important pathogenic factor in liver damage related to alcohol. The glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a group of polymorphic enzymes that are important in protection against oxidant stress. As there is evidence for genetic susceptibility to alcohol-related liver disease we have compared the frequency of polymorphisms of GSTM1, M3, P1, T1 and A1 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on leucocyte DNA in patients from North Staffordshire, Birmingham and Liverpool with alcohol-related chronic liver disease heavy drinking and normal local controls. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in GSTM1, GSTM3 or GSTP1 genotype frequencies among patients, drinking and non-drinking controls from the three centres. There was a significant increase in the GSTT1 null Liverpool alcoholic liver disease (ALD) patients compared with corresponding non-drinking controls (26.3 and 14.6%, respectively; P = 0.044, odds ratio (OR) = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.1-4.7) though this was not repeated in the Birmingham and North Staffordshire cohorts. For GSTA1, the -69 CC genotype was associated with increased risk of ALD in the Liverpool group, but a reduced risk in the North Staffordshire group. CONCLUSIONS: We have failed to demonstrate within the limitation of a case-control study a reproducible significant association of GST polymorphisms with susceptibility to ALD but there are suggestions that GSTA1 and GSTT1 warrant further study.     

湖南人群CYP1A1、GSTM1、GSTT1基因多态性与急性白血病易感性关系研究

目的分析生物代谢酶Ⅰ相酶细胞色素P4501A1（CYP1A1）和Ⅱ相酶谷胱甘肽转硫酶GSTM1、GSTT1基因的遗传多态在湖南人群急性白血病患者和健康人群中的分布。方法采用病例对照研究方法，应用聚合酶链反应及聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术对112例急性淋巴细胞性白血病（ALL）患者和120例急性非淋巴细胞性白血病（ANLL）患者以及204名健康个体的CYP1A1 MspⅠ多态（3801 T—C突变）、GSTM1和GSTT1等基因的多态分布进行分析。结果ALL组与ANLL组的CYP1A1基因3801位点等位变异的频率分别为74．1％、70．8％，高于对照组（63．3％），但其差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；ALL组GSTM1缺失基因型（GSTM1-／-）的频率为60．7％，与对照组（55．4％）比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；ANLL组GSTM1-／-基因型频率为68．3％，与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。ALL组、ANLL组及对照组的GSTT1缺失基因型（GSTT1-／-）的频率分别为50．9％、55．0％和49．0％，病例组与对照组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。GSTM1-／-和GSTT1-／-联合基因型在ALL、ANLL患者组和对照组中的频率分别为33．0％、40．0％和27．5％，其中ANLL组与对照组比较，其差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。同时携带CYP1A1 MspⅠ多态突变基因型（杂合突变型或纯合突变型）与GSTM1-／-、GSTT1-／-基因型的个体患ANLL的风险增加（OR=1．890，95％CI：1．084～3．295）。结论单一的CYP1A1 MspⅠ多态突变基因型或GSTT1-／-基因型与急性白血病易感性不相关；GSTM1-／-基因型及其与GSTT1-／-基因型、CYP1A1 MspⅠ多态突变基因型（杂合突变型或纯合突变型）同时存在时增加患ANLL的风险。提示GSTM1-／-可能是ANLL发病的易感因素之一，且与其他缺陷基因型存在协同作用。     

谷胱甘肽S转移酶M1、T1和P1基因多态与肝癌易感性研究

目的 探讨谷胱甘肽S转移酶M1、T1和P1基因多态与肝癌的关系.方法 应用PCR技术对84例肝癌患者和144例健康对照的谷胱甘肽S转移酶M1、T1和P1基因多态进行检测.结果 病例组GSTM1和GSTT1空白基因型频率分别为66.67%和40.48%,对照组则分别为47.92%和25.00%,两组差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05);病例组GST13种基因型频率分别为64.29%,33.33%和2.38%,对照组分别为61.80%,34.03%和4.17%,两组差别无统计学意义.平衡性别因素后其比值比分别为2.20,1.93和0.94.同时携带GSTM1空白基因型和GSTT1空白基因型的个体患肝癌的危险性显着增加.结论 GSTM1和GSTT1基因是筛检肝癌高危人群的有用指标.