运动和抗脂新对动脉粥样硬化的治疗作用

目的：观察有氧运动和中药抗脂新对实验性动脉粥样硬化大鼠血脂，血清过氧化脂质，血浆超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响。方法：应用雄性大鼠进行游泳训练及口服中药抗脂新，检测血脂，超氧化物歧化酶活性。结果：有氧运动和抗脂新均具有调节血脂的作用；抗脂新能降低血清过氧化脂质，提高超氧化物歧化酶活性，两联合作用效果更佳。结论：有氧运动和抗脂新联合作用对动脉粥样硬化有明显的治疗作用。     

运动影响载脂蛋白E基因缺陷小鼠抗氧化和抗动脉粥样硬化的机制

目的探讨有氧运动对载脂蛋白ApoE基因缺陷小鼠动脉粥样硬化斑块形成、血清一氧化氮(NO)浓度、血清及肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性以及胸主动脉脂质过氧化的影响,以及有氧运动调节血脂代谢以外的抗动脉粥样硬化的可能机制。方法10周游泳运动后,测定动脉粥样硬化斑块面积,血清NO浓度,血清及肝脏SOD活性;应用冷Schiff组织化学法结合计算机模拟图像定量分析法检测胸主动脉的脂质过氧化反应,脂质过氧化阳性反应区呈紫红色。常规HE染色;胸主动脉矢状面油红-O大体染色。结果运动组ApoE基因缺陷小鼠动脉粥样硬化斑块平均面积小于对照组(P<0.01);血清NO浓度(P<0.01)及SOD活性(P<0.05)高于对照组,但肝脏SOD活性与对照组相比没有显著性差异(P=0.056);胸主动脉的脂质过氧化程度显著低于对照组(P<0.01);血管壁及内膜损伤程度相对较轻。结论有氧运动通过增强机体抗氧化能力,提高生物活性形式的NO浓度及SOD活性,改善血管内皮功能,延缓动脉粥样硬化斑块的发生发展,可能属独立于血脂调节作用以外的其他抗动脉粥样硬化机制。     

运动影响载脂蛋白E基因缺陷小鼠抗氧化和抗动脉粥样硬化的机制

目的 探讨有氧运动对载脂蛋白ApoE基因缺陷小鼠动脉粥样硬化斑块形成、血清一氧化氮(NO)浓度、血清及肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性以及胸主动脉脂质过氧化的影响，以及有氧运动调节血脂代谢以外的抗动脉粥样硬化的可能机制。方法 l0周游泳运动后，测定动脉粥样硬化斑块面积，血清NO浓度，血清及肝脏SOD活性；应用冷Schiff组织化学法结合计算机模拟图像定量分析法检测胸主动脉的脂质过氧化反应，脂质过氯化阳性反应区呈紫红色。常规HE染色；胸主动脉矢状面油红-O大体染色。结果 运动组ApoE基因缺陷小鼠动脉粥样硬化斑块平均面积小于对照组(P&;lt;0．01)；血清NO浓度(P&;lt;0．01)及SOD活性(P&;lt;0．05)高于对照组，但肝脏SOD活性与对照组相比没有显著性差异(P=0．056)；胸主动脉的脂质过氧化程度显著低于对照组(P&;lt;0．01)；血管壁及内膜损伤程度相对较轻。结论 有氧运动通过增强机体抗氧化能力，提高生物活性形式的NO浓度及SOD活性，改善血管内皮功能，延缓动脉粥样硬化斑块的发生发展，可能属独立于血脂调节作用以外的其他抗动脉粥样硬化机制。     

运动性抗氧化作用对动脉硬化早期病变影响的超微结构观察

以高脂膳食２０周诱导ＳＤ大鼠高胆固醇血症及塑造动脉粥样硬化（ＡＳ）早期病变模型。观察有氧运动对实验性高胆固醇血症大鼠血胆固醇（ＣＨＯ），脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）含量和超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性的影响，扫描结合透射电镜观察腹主动脉血管内膜超微结构改变。发现，高胆固醇血症伴随脂质过氧化反应增强，抗氧化酶活性降低，血管内皮细胞（ＥＣ）损伤呈ＡＳ早期改变特征。运动可明显控制高胆固醇血症，增高ＳＯＤ活性，一定程度上控制和／或减轻脂质过氧化物对ＥＣ损伤。提示，运动性抗氧化能力提高对防治ＡＳ早期病变有积极作用。     

茶色素（心脑健）对实验性动脉粥样硬化动物抗脂质过氧化作用的…

用实验性动脉粥样硬化的模型，探讨了茶色素（心脑健）的抗脂质过氧化作用。实验结果表明：实验性动脉粥样硬化动物血脂升高的同时血清脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）水平显著性升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），血清超氧化歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活力水平明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），茶色素可抑制喂高脂饲料动物 血脂和血清ＬＰＯ水平升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。茶色素也可以阻抑喂高脂饲料动物血清ＳＯＤ活力水平的降低，呈明显的量效关系。动脉样硬化与脂质过     

有氧运动及消脂散对高脂膳食诱导大鼠睾丸组织形态结构改变干预作用的研究

目的探讨有氧运动及中药消脂散对高脂膳食所致肥胖大鼠睾丸组织形态学结构改变的干预作用及相关机理。方法雄性SD大鼠随机分为C组(普通膳食组)、HF组(高脂膳食组)、HE组(高脂膳食+运动组)、HZ组(高脂膳食+中药组)、HZE组(高脂膳食+运动+中药组)。运动方案为每周6次60 min无负重游泳运动,进行10周。中药消脂散的剂量为500mg/kg BW·d,灌胃。10周后称取大鼠体质量、睾丸和附睾重、肾周脂和睾周脂重,并测定血清甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)水平用以衡量肥胖程度。睾丸组织HE染色后观察形态学结构,并测量血清和睾丸组织中超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平。结果高脂膳食导致大鼠肾周脂和睾周脂重、TG、TC明显上升,形态学上出现生精小管管壁变薄,各级生精细胞数量减少,排列紊乱现象,血清和睾丸组织SOD明显下降,MDA、TNF-α明显升高。有氧运动或消脂散及运动联合消脂散均能使大鼠睾周脂及肾周脂重量、血清TG、TC下降,血清和睾丸组织SOD明显上升、MDA和TNF-α明显下降,光镜下睾丸组织恢复正常。结论高脂膳食可以诱导大鼠营养性肥胖,并引起脂代谢异常、睾丸组织结构改变。有氧运动和中药消脂散可改善高脂饮食诱导的脂代谢异常,同时调节细胞因子、脂质过氧化代谢进而稳定睾丸组织形态结构。     

PPARα激动剂对高脂饮食致胰岛素抵抗大鼠脂质过氧化的影响

目的:研究PPARα激动剂(非诺贝特)对高脂饲料所致胰岛素抵抗大鼠血浆脂质过氧化的影响,为临床应用PPARα激动剂防治由脂代谢紊乱所致的脂质过氧化损伤相关性疾病提供理论依据和实验资料。方法:应用高脂饮食制作胰岛素抵抗(IR)大鼠模型,非诺贝特灌胃2周,测定各组体重、血糖、血脂变化,以高胰岛素-正常葡萄糖钳夹术评价胰岛素敏感性的变化。结果:非诺贝特可显著降低甘油三酯(TG)和血浆丙二醛(MDA),显著升高血浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT),显著提高葡萄糖输注率。结论:PPARα激动剂能改善脂代谢异常,保护脂质过氧化损伤,改善胰岛素敏感性,因而能有效地预防和减少动脉粥样硬化的发生。     

脂糖舒对2型糖尿病大鼠组织过氧化损伤的保护作用

目的观察脂糖舒对 2型糖尿病大鼠组织过氧化损伤的保护作用. 方法采用小剂量链脲霉素腹腔注射辅以高热量饲料喂养制备 2型糖尿病大鼠模型.分别用二甲双胍、格列齐特和不同剂量的脂糖舒灌胃大鼠 9周,并取健康大鼠作正常对照,测定血糖、血脂和血胰岛素等指标的含量后,处死大鼠,测定心、肝、胰、肾和脑组织的丙二醛 (MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性. 结果脂糖舒、二甲双胍、格列齐特均能显著降低上述各组织的 MDA含量和升高其 SOD活性 (较模型组 P< 0.05或 P< 0.01),大剂量脂糖舒降肝 MDA作用优于格列齐特 (P< 0.05),降胰 MDA作用强于其小剂量组 (P< 0.01),但其余组织 MDA含量和 SOD活性各给药组间无显著性差异 (P >0.05),表明脂糖舒抗组织过氧化效力与二甲双胍或格列齐特几乎相当. 结论脂糖舒有明显的抗 2型糖尿病大鼠组织过氧化损伤的作用.     

牛磺酸对运动大鼠心肌线粒体游离钙、PLA2及脂质过氧化的影响

目的 探讨牛磺酸对运动大鼠心肌线粒体损伤的保护作用.方法 以大鼠力竭运动为模型,观察了牛磺酸对运动后大鼠心肌线粒体脂质过氧化水平、抗氧化酶、游离钙及磷脂酶A2（PLA2）的影响.结果 力竭运动可引起大鼠心肌线粒体脂质过氧化水平和磷脂酶A,活性显著升高,心肌线粒体超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性和游离钙浓度的显著下降,而牛磺酸可抑制人鼠力竭运动后心肌线粒体脂质过氧化水平和磷脂酶A：活性的显著升高,抑制大鼠心肌线粒体SOD的活性和游离钙浓度的显著下降.结论 牛磺酸可减少力竭运动后自由基对心肌线粒体的攻击,具有保护力竭运动后心肌线粒体的功能和防止心肌损伤的作用.     

车前子调整脂代谢及其抗氧化作用

背景抗氧化效能的营养素对脂质过氧化反应的抑制作用和对心血管疾病预防作用正日益受到人们的关注.目的探讨具有清除氧自由基、抗氧化作用的车前子对大鼠脂代谢及抗氧化作用的影响.设计随机对照实验.单位河北省新药药理毒理实验室.对象实验于2004-01/12在河北省新药药理毒理研究实验室完成.40只SD大鼠由河北省实验动物中心提供,健康一级,体质量(210±22)g,雌雄兼用.随机分为5组,空白对照组、阳性对照组、低剂量实验组、中剂量实验组和高剂量实验组,每组8只.方法空白对照组每天以基础饲料喂养,符合AoAc动物营养标准,自由饮水;阳性对照组每天以高脂饲料喂养,自由饮水;车前子低、中、高剂量组在高脂饲料的基础上分别加入2.5 g/kg,5 g/kg和15 g/kg的车前子,自由饮水.每周称重,记进食量,每隔两周采空腹血测定血清总胆固醇,12周后实验结束,麻醉下腹主动脉采血检测血清血脂水平和超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶的活性.取血后,立即取出心、肝进行处理,检测其心肌组织中超氧化物歧化酶的活性和脂质过氧化物的含量及肝组织中过氧化氢酶和谷光甘肽过氧化物酶的活性.主要观察指标大鼠血脂水平和超氧化物歧化酶及过氧化氢酶的活性.结果纳入40只大鼠均进入结果分析.[1]血清总胆固醇车前子高剂量组显著低于阳性对照组[(1.40±0.13,1.83±0.13)mmol/L,(P＜0.05)].[2]血清超氧化物歧化酶活性阳性对照组明显低于空白对照组[(174.29±10.33,193.19±.7813)NU/mg,(P＜0.05)].[3]心肌组织中脂质过氧化物含量阳性对照组显著高于空白对照组[(3.64±0.26,2.91±0.50)mmol/mg,(P＜0.05)];车前子中剂量组显著低于阳性对照组[(3.13±0.26,3.64±0.26)mmoL/mg,(P＜0.05)].[4]肝组织中过氧化氢酶活性阳性对照组明显低于正常对照组[(34.64±3.26,44.72±2.67)NU/mg,(P＜0.05)];车前子中剂量组明显高于阳性对照组[(44.84±3.79,34.96±3.64)Nu/mg,(P＜0.05)].结论车前子可降低大鼠血清总胆固醇、三酰甘油和脂质过氧化物水平并提高超氧化物歧化酶活性,在浓度为15g/kg时车前子清除氧自由基、抗氧化的作用最明显,可减轻脂质代谢紊乱.     

Beneficial effects of water-based exercise in patients with chronic kidney disease

The possible beneficial effect of regular aquatic exercise on cardiorespiratory, renal lipid parameters and oxidative stress status was studied in patients with mild to moderate renal failure. The exercise group did low-intensity aerobic exercise in the pool during a period of 12 weeks, twice a week, with sessions lasting for 30 min. Matched control participants remained sedentary. The results showed that in the exercise group all cardiorespiratory functional parameters improved and resting blood pressure lowered significantly. Proteinuria and cystatin-C were diminished significantly and glomerular filtration rate was enhanced. To evaluate the changes in oxidative stress status in the serum, products of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and serum glutathione values were measured. LPO was reduced significantly and reduced glutathione levels showed significant improvement after the exercise-conditioning programme. In the control group the data either remained the same or worsened in the same period of time. In conclusion, regular water-based exercise has beneficial effects on the cardiorespiratory, renal functional parameters and oxidative stress status in patients with moderate renal failure, and can be used in the complex rehabilitation of chronic renal failure patients, together with blood pressure control, dietary consultation, encouragement and education to prevent physical worsening and to postpone cardiovascular and renal atherosclerotic complications.     

Protective vascular effect of angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)

To determine the mechanism of protective vascular effect of angiotensin receptor blocker(ARB), the effect of candesartan on blood pressure(BP), ultrasonographically assessed carotid intima-media thickness(IMT), plasma superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), and lipid peroxides(LPO) were measured, and compared with the effects of diuretics in 20 patients with essential hypertension. Candesartan significantly reduced BP similarly with diuretics. However, IMT was significantly reduced by candesartan, but not by diuretics. Also, candesartan increased SOD, and decreased LPO. There were significant relationship between changes in IMT and SOD, and LPO. These results suggest that protective vascular effect of ARB may be through its effect on angiotensin induced oxidative stress independent of BP reduction.     

Effects of self-monitored exercise on selected blood chemistry parameters of end-stage renal disease patients

The effects of exercise on patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is relatively unexplored. Of the complications associated with kidney failure, anemia and abnormal blood lipids profiles are among those that exercise may alter. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a self-monitored exercise program on the blood chemistry status in ESRD patients. The program consisted of aerobic activity maintained for a minimum of 15 min at least three times per week at an intensity of 10.8 +/- 2.13 on the Borg rating of perceived exertion scale (this scale correlates with heart rate and is used in cases where heart rate is not a reliable predictor of exercise intensity such as hemodialysis patients). Monthly blood samples were taken to assess the patients status regarding anemia and blood lipids. Results indicate no significant differences (P greater than 0.05) were seen from the beginning of the program until the end of the eighth month as seen below: [table; see text] Values are X +/- SEM. These data indicate that a self-monitored exercise program of moderate intensity may not be beneficial in helping regulate the anemia and altered blood lipid status of ESRD patients. Thus, since no physiological benefits are apparent with a self-monitored exercise program of low intensity, it is important to realize the potential risk involved with patients undertaking an unsupervised exercise program. These data illustrate that ESRD patients need supervised exercise programs in order to elicit a physiological training response.     

有氧联合阻抗运动对脑卒中患者运动功能及生活质量的影响

目的探讨有氧联合阻抗运动对脑卒中患者运动功能及生活质量的影响。方法选取80例脑卒中患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组(有氧运动+常规康复模式)与观察组(常规康复模式+有氧运动+阻抗运动),比较2组运动功能情况、血糖、血脂及血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、血沉(ESR)的变化。结果观察组RMI、S-MFFM(上肢)、S-MFFM(下肢)、生活质量评分显著高于对照组(P0.05),生活质量评分也显著高于对照组(P0.05)。2组干预前后血糖、血脂水平及Hcy、hs-CRP、ESR均显著改善(P0.05),且观察组改善程度更为显著(P0.05)。结论脑卒中患者采取有氧联合阻抗运动能有效改善其运动功能及生活质量。     

旋磁场并高压氧对脑卒中患者自由基代谢的影响

旋磁场并高压氧对脑卒中患者自由基代谢影响的研究结果表明，采用０．１ＭＰａ高压氧，每日１次，４０分钟，连续治疗１０次为１疗程，高压氧升高血浆过氧化脂质（ＬＰＯ）含量和抑制红细胞超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性的作用不明显（Ｐ〉０．０５），但能明显降低红细胞谷胱甘肽（ＧＳＨ）含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨｐｘ）的活性（Ｐ〈０．０５）。旋磁场，磁片两块异名极并置，磁感应强度为０．２５Ｔ，旋转（２５００ｒ／     

Influence of the order of aerobic and resistance exercise on hemodynamic responses and arterial stiffness in young normotensive individuals

AimsTo investigate the effects of a combination of aerobic and resistance exercises and the inverse sequence on the hemodynamic parameters and indicators of arterial stiffness in healthy young adult subjects.MethodsFifteen subjects were randomized in a crossover procedure according to two experimental conditions: combined aerobic exercise (30 min of treadmill running, 75–80% – peak VO₂) followed by resistance exercise (5 exercises, 3 sets – 10 RM) (AR) or vice versa (RA). Data of the hemodynamic parameters and arterial stiffness were obtained at baseline and after exercise (post-10, post-20, and post-30 min). Two-way ANOVA for repeated measurements was performed with the Newman–Keuls post-hoc. The significance level adopted was p < 0.05.ResultsThe results of the two-way ANOVA for repeated measures were not statistically significant for brachial and central systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively, or arterial stiffness indicators: reflected wave indicators and pulse wave velocity (P > 0.05). Statistically significant interactions were observed before and after the exercise sessions for heart rate and rate pressure product (P = < 0.001).ConclusionThe performance order of aerobic exercise followed by resistance exercise (AR) and the reverse order (RA) present similar changes in blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness. However, resistance exercise before aerobic exercise promotes increases in heart rate and rate product pressure.     

Jogging: cardiovascular benefits and risks

The cardiovascular benefits and risks of jogging are frequently debated. This article presents information on the effects of jogging and other aerobic exercise on heart rate, cardiac output, tissue oxygen consumption and blood pressure. The indirect effects of jogging on cardiac risk factors, such as serum lipids, blood clotting and glucose metabolism, are discussed. Along with the positive outcomes from jogging, the risks to the cardiovascular system are presented. These risks include a sudden drop in blood pressure at the cessation of intense jogging, cardiac arrhythmias and ischemia. The primary care nurse practitioner can play an important role in prescribing a level of exercise that is safe and will enhance physical fitness, particularly cardiovascular fitness. Guidelines for prescribing an exercise program for a variety of patient populations are reviewed, and the need for exercise monitoring by the individual is stressed.     

有氧运动疗法对高血压伴有糖尿病患者的疗效

目的探讨有氧运动疗法对高血压并发糖尿病患者的疗效。方法按“3,5,7"方案对43例高血压伴有糖尿病的患者进行心率控制下的慢跑运动,观察运动前后血压、血糖、血脂及临床症状的变化。结果2个疗程后,病人血压、血糖、血脂等有不同程度下降(P<0.01),临床症状消失或减轻(P<0.05);随访6个疗程后发现,坚持运动可以保持运动效果。结论慢跑作为一种中等强度的有氧运动可控制高血压伴有糖尿病者的病情,长期规律运动效果更佳。<P>     

冠心病患者脂质过氧化反应与血液流变学关系的探讨

对２２例冠心病患者的血浆过氧化山质（Ｌｉｐｏｐｅｒｏｘｉｄｅｓ，ＬＰＯ）含量、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶（Ｓｕｐｅｒｏｘｉｄｅ　Ｄｉｓｍｕｔａｓｅ，ＳＯＤ）活力、全血谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（Ｇｌｕｔａｔｈｉｏｎｅ　ｐｅｒｏｘｉｄａｓｅ，ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活力及血液流变学部分指标的测定，结果表明：红细胞ＳＯＤ及全血中ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活力与血浆ＬＰＯ含量呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．４３３，Ｐ＜０．０５；ｒ＝－０．４９０，Ｐ＜０．０５），红细胞ＳＯＤ活力与血浆比粘度呈显著负相关（ｒ＝－０．７０５，Ｐ＜０．００１），与全血粘度及红细胞压积呈正相关（ｒ＝０．４６０，Ｐ＜０．０５；ｒ＝０．４３７，Ｐ＜０．０５），全血ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活力与血浆比粘度呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．４５７，Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示冠心病患者机体抗氧化能力降低，自由基代谢紊乱可能是高血粘度的重要因素之一。