甘露糖结合蛋白基因多态性与川崎病相关性的研究

目的　探讨甘露糖结合蛋白 (MBP)基因第 5 4号密码子GGC→GAC变异与川崎病 (KD)的关系。方法　采用PCR RFLP法对中国汉族 16 0例健康儿童及 95例川崎病患儿的MBP基因多态性进行检测。结果　中国汉族健康儿童MBP基因多态性分布与文献报道的中国香港地区华人及丹麦高加索人群无统计学差异。川崎病患儿MBP基因GGC/GAC基因型频率明显高于健康对照组 (45 2 %vs 2 5 0 % ,P <0 0 5 ) ,而GGC/GGC基因型频率显著低于健康对照组 (5 1 6 %vs 73 8% ,P <0 0 5 )。川崎病患儿GAC等位基因频率明显高于健康对照组(2 5 8%vs 13 8% ,P <0 0 5 ) ,而GGC等位基因频率明显低于健康对照组 (74 2 %vs 86 2 % ,P <0 0 5 )。结论　川崎病发病受遗传背景影响 ,与MBP第 5 4号密码子基因多态性密切相关。     

甘露糖结合凝集素基因多态性与中国汉族儿童过敏性紫癜的相关性研究

目的：近来有研究认为某些自身免疫性疾病可能与甘露糖结合凝集素(MBL)缺陷有关。MBL基因多态性影响MBL水平。过敏性紫癜(Henoch-Schnlein purpura, HSP)是一种全身性血管炎综合征,其病因被认为可能与免疫损伤有关。该研究探讨MBL基因第54号密码子多态性与中国汉族儿童过敏性紫癜(HSP)的关系。方法：应用聚合酶链反应-限制性内切酶片段长度多态性分析,对160例健康中国汉族儿童及104例过敏性紫癜(HSP)患儿的MBL基因多态性进行检测。结果：①HSP患儿MBL基因GGC/GAC基因型频率明显高于健康对照组(51.9% vs 25.0%)(P<0.05),而GGC/GGC基因型频率显著低于健康对照组(46.2% vs 73.8%)(P<0.05)。HSP患儿GAC等位基因频率明显高于健康对照组(0.279 vs 0.138)(P<0.05),而GGC等位基因频率明显低于健康对照组(0.721 vs 0.862)(P<0.05);GAC等位基因与HSP的发病明显相关(OR=2.46,95% CI=1.32-4.48,P<0.05)。②在HSP患儿中,GAC型等位基因携带者中有前驱感染史者明显多于GGC纯合子(P<0.05)。结论：HSP发病受遗传背景影响,MBL第54号密码子基因多态性可能是HSP易感性标志。     

肿瘤坏死因子α和白细胞介素10 基因启动子区多态性与川崎病的相关性研究

目的探讨肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-ɑ)和白细胞介素10(IL-10)基因启动子区多态性与中国汉族儿童川崎病的易感性和临床表型的关系.方法应用聚合酶链反应-限制性内切酶片段长度多态性分析(PCR-RFLP)方法检测TNF-ɑ和IL-10基因启动子区4个多态性位点,对96例川崎病患儿及160例正常对照儿童进行相关性分析.结果 (1)中国汉族健康儿童TNF-ɑ基因-308(A/G)位点等位基因频率与日本人和美国白人正常人群相近;而IL-10基因-1082(G/A)、-819(C/T)、-592(A/C)3个位点等位基因频率与英国正常人群差异有显著性(P均<0.01);(2)TNF-ɑ基因-308位点等位基因频率在川崎病组和健康对照组间差异无显著性;IL-10 -1082、-819、-592的3个位点等位基因频率和单体型在两组之间比较差异亦无显著性;(3)临床表型分析发现,TNF-α-308 A基因型在静脉注射免疫球蛋白(IVIG)非敏感型川崎病患者中的发生频率高于TNF-α-308 G基因型,比较差异有显著性(67% vs 5%,χc2=90.48,P<0.01),前者发生静脉注射用IVIG非敏感型川崎病的相对危险度(RR)是后者的42.25倍(RR 95% CI=15.81～112.88,P<0.01).IL-10-1082A/-819T/-592A单体型在川崎病合并冠状动脉损伤患者中的发生频率高于Non-ATA单体型, 比较差异有显著性 (52%vs 20%,χ2=18.36, P<0.01), IL-10基因启动子区ATA单体型合并冠状动脉损伤的RR是Non-ATA单体型的4.26倍(RR 95% CI=2.20～8.25,P<0.01).结论 TNF-α、IL-10基因启动子区多态性可能是影响川崎病疗效和预后的重要因素.     

反复呼吸道感染患儿血浆甘露糖结合凝集素水平及其结构基因单核苷酸多态性分析

目的研究儿童甘露糖结合凝集素(MBL)结构基因外显子1区单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)、血浆MBL水平与反复呼吸道感染(RRTI)的关系。方法观察浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院2004-01—2005-10收治的反复呼吸道感染患儿60例,2005-05—2005-08入托体检儿童105名,其血浆MBL质量浓度的检测采用ELISA法,MBL基因SNPs分析采用序列特异性引物PCR法和序列分析法,统计分析采用SPSS软件11.0版。遗传学分析采用SHEsis软件。结果105名健康儿童血浆MBL质量浓度范围为3～6025ng/mL,中位数1065ng/mL;60例RRTI患儿MBL质量浓度范围为1～3633ng/mL,中位数822ng/mL;RRTI组中低血浆MBL的个体所占比例明显高于健康组(χ2=4.05,P<0.050)。健康组和RRTI组结构基因密码子54即 230位点的变异频率分别为0.167和0.283,两组该位点的等位基因分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡,RRTI组的变异频率显著高于健康组(χ2=6.285,P=0.012);密码子52( 223位点)和57( 239位点)无突变,即无C和D型突变体发现。A/A、A/B和B/B型外显子表达的血浆MBL水平依次显著下降(χ2=80.028,P≈0.000)。结论中国汉族人中MBL结构基因C和D型外显子罕见,而54号密码子的变异与小儿反复呼吸道感染之间可能存在相关关系。     

����øԭ�����������者1������������4G/5G��̬���봨�鲡��״�������˵Ĺ�ϵ

目的探讨纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-1(PAI-1)基因启动子区4G/5G多态性与中国汉族儿童川崎病(KD)的关系。方法对2001—2003在深圳市儿童医院就诊的KD患儿126例,用等位基因特异性聚合酶链反应(AS-PCR)检测126例患儿和120名健康儿童PAI-1基因启动子区4G/5G多态性;用发色底物法检测各组PAI-1血浆活性。结果(1)KDⅠ组(合并冠状动脉损伤)和KDⅡ组(无冠状动脉损伤)患儿PAI-1血浆活性均高于健康对照组,差异有显著性(P均<0·05)。KDⅠ组PAI-1血浆活性高于KDⅡ组,差异有显著性(t=9·78,P<0·05)。(2)KDⅠ组和KDⅡ组中4G/4G基因型PAI-1血浆活性明显高于4G/5G基因型和5G/5G基因型,差异有显著性(均P<0·05)。(3)KDⅠ组4G/4G基因型频率显著高于KDⅡ组(P<0·05)和健康对照组(P<0·05)。与非4G/4G纯合子基因型相比,4G/4G纯合子基因型对KD冠状动脉并发症的比值比(OR)为2·80(95%置信区间:1·25~6·29,P<0·05)。结论PAI-1基因启动子区4G/5G多态性与KD冠状动脉损伤密切相关,PAI-1基因启动子区4G/4G基因型可作为KD冠状动脉损伤高危人群的基因标志。     

血小板活化因子乙酰水解酶基因多态性与儿童哮喘易感性关系的研究

目的　探讨血小板活化因子乙酰水解酶 (PAF AH)基因多态性与儿童哮喘严重程度的关系。方法　采用等位基因特异性聚合酶链式反应 (AS PCR)技术 ,检测 131例不同严重程度的哮喘患儿及 10 4例健康儿童PAF AH基因第 9外显子Val 2 79Phe基因多态性。结果　轻、中度哮喘组与对照组 3种基因型 (Val 2 79Val、Val 2 79Phe、Phe 2 79Phe)在分布频率上差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 ) ,但重度哮喘患儿与轻、中度哮喘组及对照组相比 ,差异显著 (P 均 <0 0 5 ) ;Phe等位基因频率重度哮喘组与轻、中度哮喘组及对照组相比差异显著 (P 均 <0 0 5 )。结论　PAF AH基因 (Val 2 79Phe)突变可能为重度哮喘儿童的易感基因之一。     

川崎病患儿红细胞补体受体1数量基因多态性及红细胞免疫的变化

目的了解川崎病患儿外周血红细胞补体受体1(ECR1)分子在川崎病急性期及恢复期的表达,初步探讨红细胞免疫功能与ECR1数量基因多态性的相关性。方法分别采用红细胞C3b受体花环率和红细胞免疫复合物花环率,并利用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法检测30例川崎病患儿(病例组)和28例健康儿童(对照组)的ECR1活性与ECR1数量基因多态性并进行比较。结果病例组患儿急性期红细胞C3b受体花环率低于对照组(P<0.01),恢复期病例组红细胞C3b受体花环率仍低于对照组(P<0.05),而红细胞免疫复合物花环率则接近对照组(P>0.05)。川崎病患儿HL和LL基因型的分布频率高于正常儿童(P<0.01),两组CR1等位基因的分布频率差异也有统计学意义,川崎病患儿L等位基因的分布频率明显高于正常儿童(P<0.01)。结论川崎病患儿急性期存在红细胞免疫功能低下,这是患儿CR1数量基因呈中低度表达所致,提示CR1基因的多态性可能在决定个体川崎病遗传易感性方面有重要作用。     

川崎病患儿FCGR2A基因单核苷酸多态性的研究

目的：探讨中国汉族儿童FCGR2A基因 rs1801274位点单核苷酸多态性（SNP）与川崎病（KD）易感性及静脉注射免疫球蛋白(IVIG)治疗KD疗效的关系。方法：应用聚合酶链反应（PCR）联合直接基因测序技术对35例KD患儿和25例健康儿童的FCGR2A基因SNP rs1801274位点进行检测和分析,并将KD患儿根据IVIG治疗后有无并发冠脉损害（CAL）分为CAL和无CAL（NCAL）两个亚组。结果：在研究对象中均检测到FCGR2A基因rs1801274位点,该位点存在3种基因型(AA、AG、GG)。该SNP位点的基因型分布及等位基因频率在KD组与对照组及CAL组与NCAL组之间比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。其中携带A等位基因或AA基因型者发生KD的危险性大(分别OR=3.39,95%CI:1.53~7.50;OR=4.93,95%CI：1.61~15.1);携带基因型AG或G等位基因使KD患儿发生CAL的危险性增高（分别OR=5.43,95%CI:1.06~27.8;OR=4.88,95%CI: 1.44~16.5）。结论：FCGR2A基因rs1801274位点SNP可能是影响中国汉族儿童KD易感性以及IVIG治疗KD疗效的一个重要因素。     

广西壮、汉族哮喘儿童人类白细胞抗原-B、-DR基因的多态性

目的 探讨广西壮、汉族人类白细胞抗原(HLA)-B、-DR位点的基因多态性与儿童哮喘发病的关联性.方法 将3代居住广西南宁地区无血缘关系的84例哮喘儿童(汉族57例,壮族27例)和168例无哮喘和特应性疾病的健康人(汉族83例,壮族85例)纳入研究.所有哮喘儿童应用强生法玛西亚系统检测其血清总IgE水平、10种吸入性变应原皮肤点刺试验和肺功能检测.利用基因芯片法检测HLA-B的40个和HLA-DR的26个等位基因.分别计算汉族和壮族人群中哮喘和健康对照组基因频率,进行x2检验,分别比较组间基因频率差异和危险性分析,计算基因与哮喘的关联强度比值比(OR值).结果 HLA-B位点共检出27个等位基因,HIA-DR检出21个等位基因.HLA-B46、HLA-DRB1～0.983)、7.885(0.896～69.399)和2.782(1.188～6.516),且HLA-DR B1*070X等位基因在本组壮族人群中未见出现.壮族人群中,HLA-B56、-861和-DRB1*1001等位基因在哮喘与健康对照组间有分布差异,哮喘与健康对照组比较有显著差异,组间HLA-B56经x2检验有统计学意义(x2=6.588 P<0.01),HLA-DRB1*1001经Fisher精确概率法检验有统计学意义(P=0.043);HLA-B56和HLA-DRB1*1001的OR值(95%CI)分别为9.432(1.713～51.932)和10.50(1.044～105.590).而HIA-B61等位基因在壮族哮喘患者中未见出现.结论 HLA-B和HLA-DR的基因多态性在壮、汉族间分布有差异;HLA-B56和HLA-DRB1*1001等位基因可能为壮族人群的哮喘易感基因;而汉族人群中HLA-DRB1*070X和HLA-DRB1*11XX等位基因是易感基因,HLA-B46等位基因可能为保护基因.*070X和HLA-DRB1*11XX等位基因仅在汉族的哮喘与健康人群分布有差异,哮喘与健康对照组比较有显著差异(Pa<0.05),OR值(95%CI)分别为0.388(0.153     

内皮细胞型一氧化氮合酶基因多态性与川崎病冠状动脉损伤易感性的相关性

目的 探讨内皮细胞型一氧化氯合酶(eNOS)基因第4内含子a/b和第7外显子G894T多态性与儿童川崎病(KD)发病及并冠状动脉损伤(CAL)的相关性.方法 选择住院KD患儿69例(KD组),其中CAL 39例(CAL组),无冠状动脉损伤(NCA)30例(NCA组).同期选择健康体检儿童90例作为健康对照组.采用PCR方法 和聚合酶链反应限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术检测各组基因型与等位基因频率.结果 KD组和健康对照组eNOS基因内含子4基因型aa加ab:bb分布分别为0.30∶0.70和0.32∶0.68;等位基因a∶b频率分别为0.18∶0.82和0.17∶0.83,二组基因型及等位基因频率比较均无显著性差异(Pa>0.05),KD CAL组与NCA组基因型aa加ab:bb分布分别为0.33∶0.67和0.30∶0.70;二种等位基因a∶b频率分别为0.15∶0.85和0.19∶0.81,二组基因型及等位基因频率比较均无显著性差异(Pa>0.05).KD组eNOS基因第7外显子G894T基因型GT:GG频率显著高于健康对照组(0.26∶0.74 vs 0.13∶0.87 P<0.05),KD组T等位基因频率较健康对照组高,但无统计学意义(0.19 vs0.17 P>0.05),KD CAL组和NCA组GT基因型及T等位基因频率比较差异均无统计学意义(0.26 vs 0.20,0.83 vs 0.79 Pa>0.05).危险度分析结果 为GT基因型的个体患KD的风险是健康对照组的1.96倍,其差异有统计学意义(OR=1.96,95%GI1.086～4.481 P=0.048);eNOS基因4a/b各基因型与KD发病无明显相关性(OR=0.92,95%CI 0.468～1.811 P=0.864).结论 eNOS基因第7外显子G894T多态性的GT基因型可能与KD发病有关,第4内含子a/b及第7外显子G894T多态性与KD CAL可能无关.     

Association between mannose binding lectin polymorphisms and predisposition to bacterial meningitis

The aim of this study was to examine the presence of any association between mannose binding lectin (MBL) gene variants and bacterial meningitis. Codon 54 (B allele) and codon 57 (C allele) polymorphisms in exon 1 of the MBL gene were investigated in 50 healthy controls and 31 patients diagnosed as purulent meningitis. Codon 57 polymorphism was not found in our patient and control groups. B allele frequency was significantly higher in the patient group (22%) compared to the control group (3%). AB genotype was determined in 39% and 6% of patient and healthy control groups, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant. AA genotype was determined in 61% of the patient group and in 94% of the control group, and it was statistically low in the patient group. These results suggest that codon 54 polymorphism in the MBL gene may play a role in susceptibility to bacterial meningitis in children.     

甘露糖结合凝集素基因多态性与幼年特发性关节炎的相关性

目的 探讨甘露糖结合凝集素（MBL）基因外显子1多态性与幼年特发性关节炎（JIA）易感性的关系。方法 采用聚合酶链反应．限制性片段长度多态性（PCR，RFLP）法分析93例JIA和48名正常健康儿童MBL基因外显子1第54和57位密码子的多态性。结果 1．JIA及健康儿童均未发现有57位密码子突变。2．JIA患儿第54位密码子野生型基因型频率为71．0％（66／93），杂合子型为25.8％（24／93），突变纯合子型为3．2％（3／93）；正常对照儿童野生型75．0％（36／48），杂合子型为25．0％（12／48），未发现突变纯合子基因型；各基因型与JIA组比较无差异（P〉0．05）。结论 MBL基因外显子1多态性与JIA无相关。     

The effect of mannose-binding protein gene polymorphisms in recurrent respiratory system infections in children and lung tuberculosis

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is able to bind pathogens as an opsonin and plays an important role in the innate immunity. The aim of the present study was to determine the frequencies of the MBL gene variants in the Turkish population and to examine the presence of any association between MBL variants and development of tuberculosis (TB) in adults and recurrent respiratory tract infections in children. Two structural gene mutations in exon 1 of MBL gene (codon 54 and codon 57) were studied. The overall distribution of genotypes did not significantly differ between controls and TB patients/children with recurrent respiratory system infections. The frequency of allele B was calculated as 0.14, 0.09 and 0.06 for control, TB patients and children with recurrent respiratory system infections, respectively. It was found to be significantly lower in children with recurrent respiratory system infections than in controls (chi2: 4.68, d.f: 1, p: 0.030).     

Genetic association study between mbl2 and asthma phenotypes in Chinese children

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL), a member of the innate immune system, initiates complement deposition on microbial surfaces. MBL deficiency is associated with severe respiratory infections. Polymorphisms in the MBL gene (mbl2) were associated with the susceptibility and severity of autoimmune diseases. This study investigated whether mbl2 polymorphisms at positions -550 and -221 and at codon-54 are associated with asthma phenotypes in Chinese children. Asthmatics aged 5-18 yr and non-allergic controls were eligible, and their plasma total and allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentrations were measured by micro-particle immunoassay and fluorescent enzyme immunoassay. mbl2 polymorphisms were genotyped by restriction fragment length polymorphism. Three hundred and seventeen asthmatic children and 140 controls were recruited, with their mean (s.d.) log-transformed plasma total IgE being 2.61 (0.61) and 1.77 (0.77), respectively (p < 0.0001). Polymorphisms at -550 and codon-54 (p < 0.0001 for both) but not at -221 (p = 0.534) of mbl2 were significantly associated with plasma MBL concentrations. mbl2 genotypes were not associated with asthma, atopy, sensitization to individual aeroallergens or spirometric variable. Subjects with LYB haplotype had the lowest plasma MBL concentrations (p < 0.0001), but two- and three-loci mbl2 haplotypes were also not associated with asthma diagnosis. However, patients with LY and LYB haplotypes were less likely to be atopic (p = 0.006 and 0.031). Subjects with LY and LYA were also less likely to be sensitized to cockroach (p = 0.035 and 0.047). The latter three associations became insignificant when adjusted for multiple comparisons. Despite the importance of MBL in innate immunity, our mbl2 polymorphisms only show weak association with asthma and atopy in children.     

������������Ⱦ��ͯѪ���¶���ǽ��������ˮƽ��54�����ӻ���ͻ��ɸ��

目的了解反复呼吸道感染(RRTI)儿童血清甘露聚糖凝集素(MBL)水平及第一外显子54密码子的突变率,探讨血清MBL水平与RRTI的关系。方法用ELISA方法检测2000～2003年在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院就诊的65例RRTI儿童和238名正常儿童血清MBL水平,测定其中11例低MBL血症的RRTI儿童的免疫学指标(IgG、IgA、IgM、C3、C4),并用聚合酶链反应(PCR)限制性内切酶片段长度多态性分析(RFLP)方法与55名正常儿童MBL第一外显子54密码子基因多态性进行分析。结果RRTI儿童出现低血清MBL水平频率明显多于正常儿童(χ2=6.96,P<0.05),其MBL54密码子突变率亦明显增高(P<0.05),低血清MBL血症导致RRTI主要在2岁以前,血清MBL水平越低,感染频率越高,其C3、C4水平也越高。结论儿童MBL54密码子突变导致低MBL血症在2岁以前有反复呼吸道感染的倾向,MBL水平越低,感染机率越高。     

MPO基因多态性与川崎病及其临床表型的相关性分析

目的探讨我国中部汉族人群中MPO基因的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)位点(rs2333227,—643G/A)多态性与川崎病(KD)及其临床特点的相关性。方法采用病例对照研究方法,选取237例典型KD患儿和249例正常儿童作为研究对象。利用PCR-RFLP的方法测定SNP位点多态性分布;并收集KD患儿临床资料。结果 KD患儿SNP位点(rs2333227)的基因型(GG、GA、AA)频率与正常儿童相比差异有统计学意义(P=0.039),且等位基因频率差异亦存在统计学意义(P=0.012),G等位基因为风险因子。该SNP位点GG基因型的患儿手足水肿的比例高于其他基因型的患儿,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.029)并与腹腔积液的特点相关(P=0.028);该SNP位点多态性与结膜充血、皮疹、冠状动脉损伤肝脏肿大、脾脏肿大、小叶性肺炎等影像学特点无关(P0.05)。结论 MPO基因SNP位点(rs2333227)与KD的易感性相关,G等位基因为风险因子;且该SNP位点多态性可能与部分临床特点相关。     

Mannose-binding lectin polymorphisms and recurrent respiratory tract infection in Chinese children

In order to establish the reference value of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) serum level in children and to investigate the correlation between the polymorphisms of MBL2 gene and serum MBL level in healthy Chinese of Han ethnic group and in children of Chinese Han ethnic group with recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTI), the concentration of oligomerized MBL was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and MBL2 gene polymorphisms were analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism of polymerase chain reaction and polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer. The median MBL levels in the 470 normal children were 2536 ng/ml, and the P_2.5–P_97.5 was 161–5,070 ng/ml. Our research showed that two promoter polymorphisms at −550, −221 of start codon and coding variants at codon 54 of MBL2 gene affected the protein level significantly and the most frequent genotype in Hans is HYPA/HYPA. Our results also showed that serum MBL level was significantly lower in recurrent respiratory tract infections patients compared with healthy controls (Z, −3.04, P = 0.002). The frequency of the promoter LXP haplotype and the B allele was significantly higher in RRTI patients than in controls (χ ² 4.05, P < 0.05; OR 1.63, 95%CI 1.01∼2.62; χ ² 4.27, P < 0.05; OR 1.94, 95%CI 1.02∼3.68). Conclusion: We have established that the reference value of serum MBL level in Chinese aged between 0 and 6 years (161–5,070 ng/ml), and we found that LXP and the B are risk factors for RRTI.