半腱肌腱与同种异体肌腱解剖重建踝关节外侧副韧带治疗慢性踝关节不稳的疗效比较

目的比较自体半腱肌腱与同种异体肌腱重建踝关节外侧副韧带治疗慢性踝关节不稳的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2012-06—2014-12在踝关节镜联合小切口下分别应用同种异体肌腱与自体半腱肌腱解剖重建踝关节外侧副韧带治疗慢性踝关节不稳68例。半腱肌腱组35例,异体肌腱组33例。比较2组手术时间、住院时间、手术费用,以及末次随访时VAS评分、AOFAS评分、IKDC评分、距骨倾斜角和距骨前移距离。结果 68例均获得13~38(22.7±5.2)个月随访。半腱肌腱组手术时间明显长于异体肌腱组,但在住院时间和手术费用方面优于异体肌腱组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。2组末次随访时VAS评分、AOFAS评分、IKDC评分、距骨倾斜角和距骨前移距离比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论同种异体肌腱与自体半腱肌腱重建踝关节外侧副韧带治疗慢性踝关节不稳均能获得良好临床疗效,临床中可根据患肢膝关节健康状况、运动期望值及经济承受能力综合分析,个体化选择移植物。     

踝关节镜下距腓前韧带联合跟腓韧带解剖重建治疗慢性踝关节不稳北大核心CSCD

目的探讨踝关节镜下距腓前韧带（ATFL）联合跟腓韧带（CFL）解剖重建治疗慢性踝关节不稳的手术方法及疗效。方法回顾性分析2012年6月至2016年8月27例（28踝）慢性踝关节不稳患者资料,采用自体半腱肌腱或同种异体肌腱踝关节镜下解剖重建ATFL和CFL,比较患者术前和末次随访时的距骨前移距离、距骨倾斜角、疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）及美国足踝外科协会（AOFAS）的踝一后足评分。结果本组手术时间平均为75．8min（72～104rain）。27例患者术后获平均14．8个月（12～25个月）随访。切口均一期愈合,患者均未出现神经、血管损伤等并发症,无明显踝关节僵硬及活动时疼痛等不良表现。距骨前移距离由术前平均（10．82±3．32）mm减小至末次随访时平均（4．03±1．70）mm,距骨倾斜角由术前平均15．60°±3．86°减小为末次随访时平均6．01°±2．64°,VAS评分由术前平均（5．79±1．79）分降至至末次随访时平均（1．54±1．35）分,AOFAS的踝一后足评分由术前平均（63．64±11．20）分提高为末次随访时平均（90．21±4．48）分,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．001）。结论踝关节镜下ATFL联合CFL解剖重建治疗慢性踝关节不稳,可有效改善踝关节功能,提高踝关节稳定性。     

经皮踝外侧韧带复合体重建治疗慢性踝外侧不稳

[目的]探讨经皮功能重建踝关节外侧韧带复合体治疗慢性踝关节不稳的临床疗效。[方法]2014年1月~2018年2月,符合纳入标准的47例慢性踝关节不稳患者随机分为两组,其中,切开组23例采用常规切开术式重建距腓前韧带(ATFL)和跟腓韧带(CFL),经皮组24例采用超声定位,经皮建立骨隧道重建ATFL和CFL。比较两组间手术时间、围术期并发症、踝背伸-跖屈活动度(ROM)、AOFAS评分、VAS评分,应力位影像测量距骨前移度和倾斜度。[结果]术中切开组2例出现腓浅神经损伤。经皮组手术时间、切口总长度显著小于切开组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。切开组术后4例切口边缘处坏死,而经皮组1例切口渗液。两组患者随访26~30个月,平均(27.39±2.51)个月。术后6个月时,经皮组ROM显著大于切开组(P<0.05)。随时间推移两组患者AOFAS评分均显著增加,而VAS评分显著减少(P<0.001),但是两组相同时间点AOFAS评分和VAS评分的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。应力位X线测量方面,术后两组患者距骨前移距度和距骨倾斜角均较术前显著减少(P<0.001)。但是两组相同时间点在距骨前移距度和距骨倾斜角的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]经皮踝关节外侧韧带复合体重建治疗慢性踝关节不稳的效果与常规开放手术相当,但具有手术时间短、创伤小、并发症少的优点。     

慢性踝外侧不稳镜下清理联合外侧副韧带重建

[目的]评价踝关节镜关节清理联合自体腓骨短肌肌腱解剖重建外侧副韧带治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳的临床疗效.[方法] 2016年10月-2018年10月,对18例慢性踝关节外侧不稳患者,先行关节镜踝关节清理,然后用同侧部分腓骨短肌肌腱解剖重建距腓前韧带和跟腓韧带.采用AOFAS和VAS评分和影像检查评估临床效果.[结果]18例...     

采用同种异体肌腱重建踝关节外侧韧带微创治疗慢性踝关节不稳

目的探讨采用同种异体肌腱重建踝关节外侧韧带微创治疗慢性踝关节不稳的疗效。方法回顾性分析自2010-08—2013-07采用同种异体肌腱重建踝关节外侧韧带微创治疗经非手术治疗效果不佳的慢性踝关节不稳10例（12足）。结果本组均获得随访8~26个月,平均12个月。术前AOFAS评分平均70（60~75）分;术后AOFAS评分平均95（90~98）分,优9足,良1足,可2足。结论采用同种异体肌腱重建距腓前韧带,固定方法既简单又牢固,而且肌腱两端均在骨隧道内,有足够大的腱-骨接触面及强度,完全能满足术后踝关节运动稳定的需要。     

部分自体腓骨长肌腱解剖重建踝外侧副韧带

[目的]分析部分自体腓骨长肌腱解剖重建踝外侧副韧带治疗慢性外侧踝关节不稳的疗效.[方法]回顾性分析2019年1月-2021年4月行部分自体腓骨长肌腱进行解剖重建治疗的慢性外侧踝关节不稳19例患者的临床资料.记录围手术期、随访与影像资料.[结果]所有患者均顺利完成手术,手术时间(100.42±18.15)min,术中出血...     

小切口解剖重建踝关节外侧韧带复合体治疗慢性外踝不稳的临床疗效

目的:探讨解剖重建踝关节外侧韧带复合体治疗慢性外踝不稳的临床疗效。方法:自2005年9月至2010年3月,采用解剖重建距腓前韧带及跟腓韧带手术治疗慢性外踝不稳29例,男24例,女5例;年龄15～35岁,平均24岁;病史7个月～10年,平均10个月。主要临床表现为踝关节反复扭伤。查体时29例均有踝关节的内翻增加以及距骨前移增加,内翻活动度比健侧平均增加(12.5±3.2)°。术中先在踝关节镜下处理关节内病变。移植物为自体股薄肌腱,距骨止点以锚钉在骨表面固定,移植物通过腓骨远端的骨隧道,跟骨止点以挤压钉在骨隧道内固定。术后通过观察患者症状的变化、距骨内翻和前移的程度改变以及影像学变化来评价疗效,并以AOFAS后足功能评分评价踝关节功能。结果:所有患者手术成功,无骨折及感染发生。所有患者获得随访,时间16～60个月,平均28个月。终末随访时无踝关节不稳定或活动受限。术后踝关节内翻角度比对侧增加值为(2.5±0.8)°,低于术前(t=12.3,P=0.012);距骨前移距离(3.5±0.8)mm,较术前(16.3±4.0)mm下降(t=18.6,P=0.002);距骨倾斜角(4.5±1.0)°,较术前(17.5±3.6)°下降(t=9.7,P=0.035);AOFAS后足功能评分(92.8±6.2)分,较术前(48.0±6.7)分升高(t=25.3,P=0.001)。所有患者无严重并发症出现,对疗效满意。结论:自体股薄肌腱移植解剖重建踝关节外侧韧带复合体的手术方式符合解剖学重建理念,手术创伤小,术后恢复快,无严重并发症。该手术临床效果可靠,术后踝关节稳定性恢复良好,踝关节功能明显改善。     

外侧副韧带重建结合关节镜下治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳体会

目的评价外侧副韧带重建结合踝关节镜探查清理治疗慢性外踝不稳的临床疗效。方法自2008年9月～2012年2月,对15例慢性踝关节外侧不稳患者行腓骨短肌腱外侧韧带重建合结合踝关节镜探查清理治疗。患者年龄17.0～59.0岁,平均31.5岁,术前病程5.0～37.0个月,平均13.0个月。所有患者既往均有踝关节外侧副韧带不同程度损伤史,术前影像学提示分别不同程度合并有关节滑膜增生、骨赘,前、后踝撞击症,关节软骨损伤等。手术先行踝关节镜探查、清理,外踝下弧形小切口取部分腓骨短肌腱重建外侧副韧带。结果 13例得到随访,患者术后随访3.0～25.0个月,平均13.6个月。美国足踝外科(AOFAS)踝-后足功能评分,术前43～71分,平均(50.2±2.5)分;术后79～93分,平均(86.9±4.1)分。且随访期间未发现踝关节不稳复发或其他并发症。结论外侧副韧带重建结合踝关节镜探查、清理是治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳的一种安全、有效方法。     

关节镜下自体半腱肌肌腱解剖重建踝关节外侧副韧带

目的 探讨关节镜下自体半腱肌肌腱重建踝关节外侧副韧带治疗慢性踝关节不稳定的方法及初期临床疗效。方法 将2015年12月至2017年2月我院收治的16例慢性踝关节不稳定病人纳入研究,其中男14例,女2例,年龄为（28.1±6.4）岁;术前应力位X线片提示距骨倾斜25.5°±5.5°（18°~35°）,距骨前移（10.1±1.8） mm（7~14 mm）。采用2.7 mm 30°短踝关节镜经前外侧入路观察,经前外侧辅助入路于腓骨远端和距骨外侧面距腓前韧带足印区制作骨隧道,跟骨外侧壁跟腓韧带止点处经皮透视制作骨隧道,取自体半腱肌肌腱对折编织成“Y”型,将移植物引入骨隧道,腓骨端使用袢钢板悬吊固定,距骨及跟骨端使用5.0 mm界面螺钉固定。术后早期功能锻炼,末次随访应用美国足踝外科医师协会（American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society, AOFAS）踝与后足功能评分系统评价踝关节功能;采用疼痛视觉模拟量表（visual analogue scale, VAS）评估疼痛情况;采用Sefton外侧副韧带重建疗效评价系统评估踝关节稳定性。结果 本组16例病人术后随访（16.8±4.3）个月（12~24个月）,均于术后3个月恢复正常体育活动,末次随访未观察到踝关节不稳定复发。AOFAS评分为（89.2±4.8）分,VAS评分为（0.7±0.6）分。依据Sefton评价标准：优9例,良5例,可2例,优良率为87.5%。结论 关节镜下自体半腱肌肌腱解剖重建踝关节外侧副韧带治疗慢性踝关节不稳定的近期疗效理想,并发症较少。     

人工LARS韧带在慢性踝关节外侧不稳定中的应用

目的 探讨人工LARS韧带在慢性踝关节外侧不稳定中的应用疗效。方法 回顾性分析北部战区总医院骨科2018年1月至2019年12月收治的30例慢性踝关节外侧不稳病例的临床资料,均为男性,年龄为（23.1±5.3）岁（18~27岁）,左踝19例,右踝11例。由同一位医生采用仰卧位全关节镜下行外踝Y形人工LARS韧带重建术。观察术后2周切口愈合情况,术前及术后12个月内翻应力位距骨倾斜角度。记录术前及末次随访时美国足踝外科医师协会（American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society,AOFAS）踝与后足功能评分系统、踝关节功能Kofoed评分、疼痛视觉模拟量表（visual analogue scale,VAS）评分。术后指导病例行相关康复锻炼。结果 病人随访时间为（12.6±1.7）个月（12~24个月）,全部病例踝关节切口愈合情况佳,无感染等并发症发生,术后恢复满意。AOFAS评分和Kofoed评分分别由术前（42.20±5.98）分、（66.17±3.31）分提升至术后（80.63±5.39）分、（81.60±4.35）分,VAS评分由术前（7.63±0.85）分降至术后（1.03±0.67）分,内翻应力位距骨倾斜角度由术前14.73°±1.46°缩小至术后12个月的2.83°±1.01°,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。术后各项康复锻炼均达到预期目标。结论 应用人工LARS韧带治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳疗效满意,具有踝关节稳定性好,快速恢复运动等优点,有效避免下肢深静脉血栓形成及肌肉萎缩,值得在临床上推广。     

Surgical reconstruction for chronic lateral instability of the ankle

We have treated 56 patients (56 ankles) for symptomatic chronic lateral ankle instability by the surgical reconstruction procedure. The operation included lateral shift of the entire lateral capsule-ligament complex, suture to anterior border of fibula, and reinforcement by an elevated periosteal flap of distal fibula. These patients were reviewed at a mean period of 3.1 years (range, 9 months to 5 years) after the operation. There were 29 males and 27 females with an average age of 29 years (range, 16-49 years). The clinical results were graded according to the AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot scales. There were 35 patients who were excellent (above 90 points), 16 who were good (between 76 and 90 points), 4 who were fair (between 60 and 75 points), and 1 who was poor (below 60 points). The excellent and good results amounted to 91.1% (51/56). Therefore, we concluded that symptomatic chronic lateral ankle instability could be successfully managed with this easy and effective surgical reconstruction method.     

MRI appearance of the lateral fibulotalocalcaneal ligament complex injury in the patients with chronic lateral ankle instability

BackgroundThe anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) comprises the superior and inferior fascicles. The inferior fascicle is connected to the calcaneofibular ligament, and forms “lateral fibulotalocalcaneal ligament (LFTCL) complex”. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of diagnosing LFTCL complex injuries in patients with chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI).MethodsForty-eight ankles (35 with CLAI and 13 without CLAI) underwent arthroscopic surgery, and preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was conducted with 0.8 mm- thick axial and oblique slices. The diagnostic accuracy of injuries to the superior fascicle and LFTCL complex was evaluated by two observers.ResultsThe sensitivity and specificity of the LFTCL complex injury were 94.7% and 92.3% for observer 1 and 84.2% and 84.6% for observer 2, respectively.ConclusionsMRI with 0.8 mm slices could detect LFTCL complex injury in patients with CLAI. Diagnosing the LFTCL complex injury on MRI will improve outcomes of an arthroscopic isolated ATFL repair.     

自体肌腱移植解剖重建慢性踝关节外侧不稳定

目的 探讨采用自体半腱肌肌腱移植对不同类型慢性踝关节外侧不稳定患者进行韧带解剖重建的临床疗效.方法 2008年10月至2009年10月收治16例慢性踝关节外侧不稳定患者,男8例,女8例;年龄19～47岁(平均28.2岁).首先在麻醉下对慢性踝关节外侧不稳定患者进行应力X线片评估:对于前抽屉应力片距骨前移大于4 mm的患者,采用距腓前韧带重建,共9例;对于距骨倾斜应力片距骨倾斜角度大于10°的患者,采用距腓前韧带和跟腓韧带重建,共7例.韧带移植物采用自体半腱肌肌腱,用带线锚钉固定移植物于腓骨端,用可吸收界面螺钉固定韧带于距骨端或跟骨端.采用美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)踝与后足评分系统对患者手术前、后的结果进行评估.采用标准应力X线片对患者手术前、后客观结果进行评估.结果 16例患者术后获6～18个月(平均12.1个月)随访.16例患者AOFAS踝与后足评分由术前的(70.50±3.98)分改善为末次随访时的(93.06 ±4.78)分,差异有统计学意义(t=-24.010,P=0.000);距骨前移距离由术前的(8.75±3.38)mm改善为末次随访时的(3.51±1.63)mm,差异有统计学意义(t=7.028,P=0.000).7例患者距骨倾斜角度由术前的16.18°±7.30°改善为术后的5.57°±2.99°,差异有统计学意义(t=5.661,P=0.001).16例患者中仅1例背屈受限10°,无严重并发症发生.结论 解剖重建外踝韧带治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳定是一种有效的治疗方法,其具有解剖重建、固定牢固、对腓骨和腓骨肌腱影响小、能够有效节省游离肌腱的长度等优点.     

Early mobilization following elective ankle lateral collateral ligament reconstruction in adults

BackgroundEmergency departments in the UK are overwhelmed with musculoskeletal trauma, 50 % of which resulting from ligamentous injuries. Of these, ankle sprains are the most prevalent, however with poor rehabilitation in the recovery period, 20 % of patients may develop chronic instability that may necessitate operative reconstruction. At present, there are no national guidelines or protocols to help direct postoperative rehabilitation and determine weightbearing status. Our aim is to review the existing literature that investigated postoperative outcomes following different rehabilitation protocols in patients with Chronic Lateral Collateral Ligament (CLCL) instability.MethodsA literature search was performed via Medline, Embase and Pubmed databases using the terms ‘ankle’, ‘lateral ligament’, ‘repair’. ‘reconstruction’ and ‘early mobilisation’. A total of 19 studies were identified after filtering that they were English language papers. A gray literature search was also performed using the Google search engine.ResultsBased on the literature reviewed, patients undergoing early mobilisation and Range Of Movement (ROM) following lateral ligament reconstruction for chronic instability seem to have better functional outcomes and earlier return to work and sports. This is however in the short-term, and there are no medium to long-term studies evaluating the effects of early mobilisation on ankle stability. Furthermore, there may be an increased risk of postoperative complications, mainly wound related, with early mobilization compared to delayed mobilization.ConclusionFurther randomized studies and long-term prospective studies with larger cohorts of patients are required to improve the level of evidence available but based on current literature it would appear that controlled early ROM and weight-bearing is advisable in patients undergoing surgery for CLCL instability.     

腓骨骨膜瓣重建跟腓韧带治疗慢性踝关节不稳疗效观察

目的观察腓骨骨膜瓣翻转重建跟腓韧带治疗慢性踝关节不稳的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2012-03—2014-08采用腓骨骨膜瓣翻转重建跟腓韧带治疗慢性踝关节不稳15例。根据术前应力位X线片明确为距腓前韧带及跟腓韧带损伤,采用腓骨骨膜瓣翻转重建跟腓韧带。术后12个月进行AOFAS踝关节功能评分、前抽屉试验和内翻应力位试验,同时观察应力位X线片上距骨倾斜角的变化情况。结果 15例术后均获得随访12~38个月,平均18.6个月。术后1例出现腓浅神经损伤。术后踝关节不稳、肿胀、疼痛均缓解,内固定锚钉稳固,2例踝关节背伸活动轻度受限。术前距骨倾斜角为(15.6±4.4)°,术后12个月距骨倾斜角为(7.4±2.6)°,差异有统计学意义(t=6.930,P=0.026)。术后12个月AOFAS评分由术前(43.5±6.9)分增加至(69.8±7.1)分,差异有统计学意义(t=-3.230,P=0.032)。结论腓骨骨膜瓣翻转重建跟腓韧带在慢性踝关节不稳的治疗中可取得较为满意的效果,其优势在于创伤较小,在不破坏正常肌腱的情况下达到解剖重建。     

自体半腱肌腱重建距腓前韧带和跟腓韧带治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳

目的对应用自体半腱肌腱解剖重建距腓前韧带和跟腓韧带治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳的疗效进行评价。方法采用自体半腱肌腱解剖重建距腓前韧带和跟腓韧带治疗慢性踝关节不稳12例,术后将踝关节固定于中立略外翻位6周．第7周开始去石膏行踝关节功能锻炼。末次随访时采用AOFAS评分对疼痛、功能、外形进行评价。结果疼痛评分：术前0～30分,平均（20．83±7．93）分;术后30～40分,平均（32．50±4．52）分;术后较术前明显提高,差异有统计学意义（t=-7．000．P〈0．001）。功能评分：术前14～39分,平均（28．08＋9．19）分;术后40—50分,平均（48．17±3．41）分;术后较术前明显提高．差异有统计学意义（t=-9．413,P〈0．001）。外形无明显变化,手术前后评分均为10分。总分：术前26—79分,平均（58．08±16．76）分;术后80～100分,平均（90．67±6．48）分;术后较术前明显提高,差异有统计学意义（t=-9．475,P〈0．001）。结论采用自体半腱肌腱解剖重建距腓前韧带和跟腓韧带是治疗慢性踝关节外侧不稳的可靠方法。     

Delayed reconstruction of lateral complex structures of the ankle

Lateral ankle instability is one of the most common and well-recognized conditions presenting to foot and ankle surgeons. It may exist as an isolated entity or in conjunction with other concomitant pathology, making it important to appropriately diagnose and identify other conditions that may need to be addressed as part of treatment. These associated conditions may be a source of chronic pain, even when the instability has been appropriately treated, or may lead to failure of treatment by predisposing the patient to ankle inversion injuries. The primary goal of this editorial is to provide a brief summary of the common techniques used in the delayed reconstruction of lateral ankle ligamentous injuries and present a method we have successfully employed for over 15 years. We will also briefly discuss the diagnosis and treatment of the more common associated conditions, which are important to identify to achieve satisfactory results for the patient. We present the outcomes of 250 consecutive reconstructions performed over the last 10 years and describe our operative technique for addressing lateral ankle ligamentous injuries.