TrK C在成年猫脊骨和背根节的分布

采用免疫组织化学方法探讨ｔｒＫＣ在成年猫脊骨Ｌ３，Ｌ５节段和Ｌ６背根节的分布。结果：ｔｒＫＣ的免疫阳性反应物主要分布于脊髓腹角、中间带、背角深部以及背根节的大神经元胞浆内。提示，ｔｒＫＣ可能与成年猫脊髓和ＤＲＧ某些神经元的生理功能有关。     

TrK C在成年猫脊髓和背根节的分布

采用免疫组织化学方法探讨trKC在成年猫脊髓L3,L5节段和L6 背根节的分布 .结果 :trKC的免疫阳性反应物 (trKC -IR)主要分布于脊髓腹角、中间带、背角深部以及背根节 (DRG)的大神经元胞浆内 .此外 ,脊髓Ⅱ板层还可见均质状的trKC -IR ,染色明显深于其它各层 ;而DRG的少数中、小神经元亦呈trKC阳性反应 .提示 ,trKC可能与成年猫脊髓和DRG某些神经元的生理功能有关 .     

NGF在挤压伤脊髓背角表达的时相变化

目的：了解神经生长因子（NGF）在挤压伤脊髓背角表达的变化。方法：采用成年SD大鼠（T13－L1）脊髓挤压伤模型并设正常对照组，分别于术后24小时、7天、21天处死动物。取L3节段脊髓制作20μm厚冰冻连续切片，用抗NGF抗体按ABC法行免疫组织化学染色，观察NGF阳性反应物在正常及挤压伤位点尾侧端（L3）背角的分布，记录其免疫反应强度，计数其免疫阳性神经元和胶质细胞数。结果：NGF阳性反应物主要分布于正常脊髓背角的神经元和胶质细胞。挤压伤后24小时至21天，背角中NGF的免疫阳性细胞数及免疫反应强度均进行性升高（P＜0．01）。结论：脊髓挤压伤后早期，背角NGF的免疫阳性细胞数及免疫反应强度均进行性增加，提示NGF可能在脊髓挤压伤的早期修复中发挥作用。     

NGF在挤压伤脊髓背角表达的时相变化

目的　了解神经生长因子 (NGF)在挤压伤脊髓背角表达的变化。方法　采用成年 SD大鼠 (T1 3-L1 )脊髓挤压伤模型并设正常对照组 ,分别于术后 2 4小时、7天、2 1天处死动物。取 L3节段脊髓制作 2 0μm厚冰冻连续切片 ,用抗 NGF抗体按 ABC法行免疫组织化学染色 ,观察 NGF阳性反应物在正常及挤压伤位点尾侧端 (L3)背角的分布 ,记录其免疫反应强度 ,计数其免疫阳性神经元和胶质细胞数。结果　 NGF阳性反应物主要分布于正常脊髓背角的神经元和胶质细胞。挤压伤后 2 4小时至 2 1天 ,背角中 NGF的免疫阳性细胞数及免疫反应强度均进行性升高 (P<0 .0 1)。结论　脊髓挤压伤后早期 ,背角 NGF的免疫阳性细胞数及免疫反应强度均进行性增加 ,提示NGF可能在脊髓挤压伤的早期修复中发挥作用     

吗啡对大鼠背根节和脊髓抗氟化物酸性磷酸酶活性的影响

经过递增性注射吗啡的大鼠，已对吗啡产生了依赖性。在此基础上，应用酶组织化学方法和图像分析仪（ＭＩＡＳ），观察和测量了对吗啡依赖大鼠背根节小神经元胞体及其传入纤维终末内抗氟化物酸性磷酸酶（ＦＲＡＰ）活性的变化。实验结果显示：实验组大鼠背根节小神经元胞体虽然有ＦＲＡＰ阳性反应染色，但是比对照组大鼠明显减弱。实验组大鼠腰（Ｌ）３、Ｌ４、Ｌ５脊髓Ⅱ板层ＦＲＡＰ阳性反应区染色也明显减弱；两侧Ⅱ板层的阳性反应     

TrkB在成年猫脊髓的表达

采用免疫组织化学方法探讨trkB在成年猫脊髓的分布。结果：trkB的免疫阳性反应物主要分布于脊髓灰质腹角、中间带及背角深浅部的神经元,胞浆染色,表明成年猫脊髓神经元含有trkB,提示trkB可能与成年猫脊髓神经元的生理功能有关。     

眼镜蛇毒神经生长因子对去部分背根猫脊髓背角内GAP-43表达的影响

目的观察眼镜蛇毒分离纯化出的神经生长因子(NGF)对去部分背根猫脊髓背角内生长相关蛋白-43(GAP-43)表达的影响。方法对45只成年雄性家猫切除一侧L1-L5、L7-S2背根节,保留L6背根及背根节为备用背根,按给药剂量将动物分成小剂量NGF组(1μg/kg)、大剂量NGF组(2μg/kg)和生理盐水对照组,每组15只,术后分别存活3、6、12d,对L6节段脊髓作GAP-43免疫组织化学检测。结果术后术侧GAP-43阳性反应产物主要分布在脊髓、、板层的神经终末;中央管室管膜细胞呈阳性反应;脊髓前角神经毯呈阳性反应,整个脊髓板层未见阳性反应的神经元。术后3d,三组术侧、、板层即有GAP-43阳性神经纤维的表达;术后6d,三组GAP-43阳性神经纤维数量明显增多,至术后第12d,神经纤维数量增加达高峰,治疗组神经终末数量增加明显,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),不同时间段均以大剂量组的增多尤为显著。结论蛇毒NGF能有效诱导脊髓损伤修复过程中神经元GAP-43的合成而促进保留背根的侧支出芽,其密度与蛇毒神经生长因子的治疗剂量有关。     

吗啡对大鼠背根节和脊髓抗氟化物酸性磷酸酶活性的影响

经过递增性注射吗啡的大鼠，已对吗啡产生了依赖性。在此基础上，应用酶组织化学方法和图像分析仪（ＭＩＡＳ），观察和测量了对吗啡依赖大鼠背根节小神经元胞体及其传入纤维终末内抗氟化物酸性磷酸酶（ｆｌｕｏｒｉｄｅｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｔａｃｉｄｐｈｏｓｐｈａｔａｓｅ，ＦＲＡＰ）活性的变化。实验结果显示：实验组大鼠背根节小神经元胞体虽然有ＦＲＡＰ阳性反应染色，但是比对照组大鼠明显减弱。实验组大鼠腰（Ｌ）３、Ｌ４、Ｌ５脊髓Ⅱ板层ＦＲＡＰ阳性反应区染色也明显减弱；两侧Ⅱ板层的阳性反应物的分布范围虽然对称，但其面积比对照组大显减少１０％。本文结果表明：吗啡可能有抑制背根节神经元合成ＦＲＡＰ的作用，从而导致其胞体及其传入纤维终末的ＦＲＡＰ活性降低     

BDNF和p75 NTR在成年大鼠脊髓与背根神经节中的分布

目的 :研究脑源性神经营养因子 (Brain -DerivedNeurotrophicFactor ,BDNF)和低亲和力 75kD神经营养素受体 (LowAffinity 75kDNeurotrophinReceptor ,p75NTR)在正常成年大鼠脊髓和背根节中的分布 ,以探讨BDNF在神经系统中的作用方式。方法 :免疫组化ABC法观察BDNF和p75NTR在大鼠背根节和脊髓中的分布与表达。结果 :BDNF阳性免疫反应产物存在于背根节中、小神经元及脊髓前角运动神经元胞浆。p75NTR阳性免疫反应产物位于大部分背根节神经元的胞核及脊髓灰质神经元胞核。结论 :BDNF和p75NTR在脊髓和背根节中的不同表达与分布提示BDNF可能通过不同受体介导信号途径发挥其生物学作用。     

NT-3在挤压伤脊髓背角表达的时相变化

目的：了解NT-3在挤压伤脊髓背角表达的变化。方法：制作成年SD大鼠T13-L1节段脊髓挤压伤模型并设正常对照组。分别于术后24h，7d，21d处死动物。取L3节段脊髓制作20胛厚冰冻连续切片，用抗NT-3抗体行免疫组织化学ABC法染色，观察NT-3在背角的表达，记录其免疫反应强度，计数其免疫阳性神经元数和胶质细胞数。结果：NT-3的阳性反应物主要分布于脊髓背角的神经元和胶质细胞，挤压伤后NT-3的表达从术后24h至术后7d进行性减少，而术后21d时则增加并高过正常者水平。结论：NT-3不仅参与脊髓的正常生理活动，而且可能与脊髓挤压伤的早期修复有关并具有双向效应。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.