复发性腰椎间盘突出症的再手术治疗

目的:探讨椎管彻底减压、后路cage椎间融合、椎弓根系统内固定治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症的效果。方法:对31例采用上述方法治疗的复发性腰椎间盘突出症患者进行回顾性分析,根据术前及术后随访时JOA评分(15分法)、术后患者主观满意度分级及影像学结果评价手术效果,并分析其并发症。结果:31例平均手术时间150±2.3min,平均出血量620±5.6ml。平均随访40个月,手术前后JOA评分有显著差异(P<0.05),JOA评分临床改善率为84.09%,患者主观满意度优良率为87.10%,骨性融合率为97.18%。并发症包括6例硬膜撕破,1例一过性单侧神经根麻痹,1例假关节形成。结论:椎管彻底减压、后路cage椎间融合、椎弓根系统内固定治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症效果满意,无严重并发症发生。     

Barricaid纤维环闭合装置对腰椎髓核摘除术后复发和再手术率影响的Meta分析

目的 :通过Meta分析法探究Barricaid纤维环闭合装置(annular closure device,ACD)对腰椎髓核摘除术术后复发和再手术率的影响。方法:通过检索Medline、EMbase、PubMed和Cochrane Central Register数据库,纳入包含采用Barricaid ACD修复腰椎髓核摘除术后椎间盘缺损预防突出复发和再手术率的文献,检索时限为建库至2020年8月。由2名研究员独立筛选文献、评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,提取腰椎间盘切除术中使用Barricaid ACD(ACD组)与未使用Barricaid ACD(对照组)的术后2年内有关突出复发和再手术率的相关数据,通过RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析;研究ACD组和对照组术后3个月、1年、2年、3年、4年内的突出复发和再手术率,探讨ACD对突出复发和再手术率的影响。结果:共纳入14篇文献,其中6篇文献进行了术后2年内突出复发的分析,共计873例行腰椎髓核摘除术的患者,其中ACD组407例,对照组466例,Meta分析结果显示ACD组术后2年内突出复发明显降低(OR:0.35;95%CI:0.22,0.55;I~2=0%;P0.00001)。4篇文章进行了术后2年内再手术率的分析,共计797例患者,其中ACD组377例,对照组420例,Meta分析结果显示ACD组术后2年内再手术率明显降低(OR:0.46;95%CI:0.29,0.74;I~2=0%;P=0.001)。10篇研究汇总统计了550例腰椎髓核摘除术后的患者,其中ACD组272例,对照组278例,ACD组术后3个月、1年、2年、3年、4年内的再手术率和术后3个月、1年、2年、3年内的突出复发率均小于对照组。结论:腰椎髓核摘除术后采用Barricaid ACD修补椎间盘缺损可以降低术后复发率和再手术率。     

Annular closure in lumbar microdiscectomy for prevention of reherniation: a randomized clinical trial

Background Context

Patients with large annular defects after lumbar discectomy for disc herniation are at high risk of symptomatic recurrence and reoperation.

腰椎间盘突出症术后复发的临床分析

目的:探讨腰椎间盘突出症术后同节段复发的原因、诊断方法及影响二次手术疗效的因素。方法:32例有完整随访资料的椎间盘突出症术后复发病例,按治疗方式分为保守治疗组,椎板加椎间盘切除组与椎板、椎间盘切除加腰椎内固定植骨融合组。对各种治疗方法的适应证、疗效等进行总结,分析椎间盘切除术后可能的复发原因。结果:本组病例均获5个月以上随访,保守治疗组优良率100%,腰椎融合组优良率92.9%,非融合组优良率93.2%。结论:腰椎间盘突出症术后同节段复发的确切原因仍不清楚,对诊断明确并伴有神经根损伤表现的患者可行二次手术治疗,是否采用内固定加植骨融合术视患者不同情况而定。     

显微椎间盘切除治疗术后复发性腰椎间盘突出症

目的 评价显微椎间盘切除治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效. 方法 18例复发性腰椎间盘突出症(再手术组)接受小切口显微腰椎间盘切除术,与30例初次显微手术(初手术组),比较两组手术时间、术中出血量与住院时间.术后疗效评价采用MacNab法. 结果 再手术组手术时间平均75 min;初手术组平均52 min;再手术组术中出血量平均70 ml;初手术组平均50 ml;再手术组术后住院时间平均8.5 d;初手术组平均6.5 d.再手术组术中损伤硬膜1例,2例腰5神经根损害加重,5例术后麻木加重,术后均恢复.初手术组术中硬膜损伤1例.再手术组17例获平均12.1个月随访,优良率为88.2%.初手术组29例获平均11.8个月随访,优良率为93.1%.两组疗效比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05). 结论 小切口显微椎间盘切除治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症能取得与初次手术相近的临床疗效.     

脊柱内窥镜下腰椎间盘摘除术远期疗效评价

目的: 评价脊柱内窥镜下腰椎间盘摘除术后的远期疗效。方法: 对 1995 ~1999年间行脊柱内窥镜下腰椎间盘摘除术治疗的 156例腰椎间盘突出症患者进行信件问卷随访。分析患者的术后症状缓解、恢复工作情况。结果: 共收到有效回信 43封, 随访率 27. 6%。临床疗效优良率 81. 4%, 内窥镜组和开窗组疗效比较差异无显著性 (P>0. 05)。术后恢复工作时间平均为 1个月, 恢复原工种, 占 88. 49%。影像学结果表明手术节段椎间隙无明显的高度下降或间隙失稳表现。结论: 脊柱内窥镜下腰椎间盘摘除术是一种有效的治疗方法, 应严格掌握手术适应证。     

腰椎间盘突出症的再手术治疗

目的　探讨腰椎间盘突出症术后再手术治疗的原因、方法和疗效。　方法　 1993年 1月至2 0 0 0年 1月共手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症 76 4例 ,其中再手术者 42例 (5 5 % )。再手术方式为经原椎板间扩大开窗切除椎间盘 2 5例 ,半椎板切除减压椎间盘切除 6例 ,全椎板切除减压椎间盘切除 9例 ,前路经腹膜外椎间盘切除 2例。　结果　 42例均获得随访 ,随访时间 2 0月～ 81月 ,平均 5 2月。按Macnab疗效评定标准 ,优19例 (45 3% )、良 14例 (33 3% )、可 6例 (14 3% )、差 3例 (7 1% )。　结论　腰椎间盘突出症再手术主要原因为术后椎间盘突出复发 ,术前及术中突出节段定位错误 ,术后出现腰椎节段性不稳定以及合并神经根管狭窄、侧隐窝狭窄和中央椎管狭窄。如果再手术时机及再手术方式选择适当 ,腰椎间盘突出症的再手术治疗仍可以获得较为满意的疗效。     

Postoperative intraradicular lumbar disc herniation: A case report

An unusual case is presented in which a fragment of herniated lumbar disc was found within the sheath of the right S-1 nerve root. Diagnosis of intradural and intraradicular lumbar disc herniation is difficult, so that it is rarely suspected preoperatively. Surgical treatment results in a satisfactory clinical outcome.     

Reoperation after lumbar disc surgery: Results in 130 cases

Summary Out of a series of 1850 cases operated upon for lumbar disc herniation 130 underwent re-operation because of persistent or recurrent symptoms. Re-operation was successful in 62%. The prognosis of re-operation was not related to special clinical symptoms and signs but only to the operative findings.Herniations at other levels and recurrences of lumbar disc herniations had the best results (excellent in 98% respectively 54%), but scar formations alone came out much less satisfactory (only 38% excellent results).Computed tomography (CT) findings were less reliable in distinguishing between disc prolapse and fibrosis than magnet resonance imaging (MR). Therefore MR is the diagnostic method of choice in these conditions, and scar formations alone should be considered a contra-indication for re-operation.     

复发性腰椎间盘突出症两种手术方式对比分析

[目的]分析复发性腰椎间盘突出症的病理机制及探讨椎间融合器后路椎间融合内固定治疗的理论依据及优缺点.[方法]将24例有明显腰椎不稳表现的复发性腰椎间盘突出症患者分为内固定组(14例)和非内固定组(10例),分别采用椎间融合器后路椎间融合内固定治疗和重复的髓核摘除术治疗,对临床资料进行总结.[结果]2组病例均获6个月以上,平均18个月的随访,内固定组14例无机械不稳引起的并发症如椎体滑脱,无椎间融合器后退及下沉,无螺钉断裂及松动;根据MacNab疗效评定标准,优良率92.8%.非内固定组10例腰椎不稳仍存在或加重,3例发生腰椎滑脱;根据MacNab疗效评定标准,优良率60%.[结论]复发性腰椎间盘突出症病理机制主要是腰椎不稳,椎间融合器后路椎间融合内固定治疗符合生物力学要求,疗效确切.     

极外型腰椎间盘突出症7例

目的　探讨极外型腰椎间盘突出症的诊断及手术治疗方法。方法　对 7例根据临床表现及CT检查诊断为极外型腰椎间盘突出症的患者行椎板间开窗、神经根管探查、髓核摘除术治疗。结果　 7例随访 6个月～ 4年 ,基本恢复正常 ,能从事原体力工作 ,效果满意。结论　CT扫描是诊断极外型腰椎间盘突出症的较好方法。一旦确诊宜尽早手术     

Clinical instability of the lumbar spine after microdiscectomy

Summary A total of 190 patients treated micorsurgically for a virgin single level lumbar disc herniation were examined physically after a mean follow-up period of 3 years (range 21–68 months). Included were 99 (52%) men and 91 (48%) women with a mean age of 42 years. During the observation period, sciatica had completely recovered or markedly diminished in 172 (90%) patients, and 142 (75%) patients had returned to work. However, as many as 29% of the patients occasionally suffered from low back pain.Clinical examination revealed various signs and symptoms of segmental instability of the lumbar spine in 22% of the surgical patients. There was a significant association between postoperative instability and unsatisfactory long-term outcome: of the 42 patients with instability, 62% suffered from low back pain and 45% were on sick leave or retired because of the back, while the corresponding numbers for those patients without instability were 20% and 8%, respectively (p<0.0001). Moreover, the mean value of the Oswestry index in instability patients was as high as 34% (SD 12), indicating moderate disability, whereas a significantly (p=0.0001) lower Oswestry Index 16% (SD 13), indicating minimal disability, was detected in patients without instability.     

腰椎间盘突出症术后再发的治疗及因素分析

1991年1月-2006年10月,我院对腰椎间盘突出症术后复发36例患者进行再手术治疗,报道如下。     

经皮内窥镜下腰椎间盘切除术治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症并发症的Meta分析

目的 :通过Meta分析评价经皮内窥镜下椎间盘切除术(percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy,PELD)治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症(RLDH)的临床相关并发症发生率,评估手术安全性。方法 :计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、The Cochrane Library、CBM、WanFang Data和CNKI数据库,搜集有关PELD治疗RLDH相关并发症的临床研究,检索时限均为建库至2019年8月。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用RevMan5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入13个临床研究,包括1个随机对照试验和12个队列研究,共计患者1252例。Meta分析显示,PELD手术总体并发症[OR=0.46,95%CI(0.25,0.87),P=0.02]、硬脊膜撕裂发生率[OR=0.16,95%CI(0.05,0.56),P=0.004]低于椎板开窗髓核摘除术(P0.05),但与MED、MIS-TLIF相比,术后总体并发症发生率、硬脊膜撕裂、神经根损伤、髓核摘除不彻底发生率差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:PELD治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症较椎板开窗髓核摘除术并发症发生率低,安全性较高,在排除影像学腰椎失稳的情况下,是一种较为安全有效的治疗手段。     

不同术式治疗复发性单节段腰椎间盘突出症的疗效分析

目的:比较单纯髓核摘除与360°融合术治疗单节段腰椎间盘突出症术后复发的远期疗效。方法:开窗或半椎板切除髓核摘除术后同一间隙复发患者99例,平均复发时间为术后69个月(8～130个月),再次手术时55例采用单纯扩大切除椎板髓核摘除术或双侧开窗髓核摘除术(非内固定组),44采用全椎板切除减压髓核摘除360°融合内固定术(内固定组)。术后平均随访66个月(36～96个月),比较两组患者的基本情况和临床效果。结果:两组患者总的临床结果优良率为81.8%,其中非内固定组为80.0%,内固定组为84.1%,两组优良率差异无显著性。两组出血量、手术时间、术后住院时间相比有显著性差异,非内固定组优于内固定组。结论:腰椎间盘突出症术后复发再次手术是必要的,单纯髓核摘除术是较理想的方法。     

肌间隙入路通道下固定融合治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症

目的:探讨肌间隙入路通道下单侧椎弓根螺钉联合对侧椎板关节突螺钉固定并椎间融合器植骨治疗复发性腰椎间盘突出症的临床价值和安全性.方法:回顾性分析2012年6月至2017年12月收治的51例复发性腰椎间盘突出症的临床资料.男32例,女19例;年龄34～64(51.11±7.28)岁;L4,538例,L5S113例;均有腰痛...     

Transradicular lumbar disc herniation: An extreme variant of intraradicular disc herniation

Intradural or intraradicular lumbar disc herniation (IDH) is a relatively rare condition often diagnosed intraoperatively. We encountered an extreme variant of IDH - a transradicular herniation as the disc material extruded through the lumbar nerve root through a split essentially transecting the nerve root. While failure to recognize intradural and intraradicular disc herniation can lead to failed back surgery, the variant described in the present case could lead to iatrogenic injury and complication if not recognized. A unique case of transradicular lumbar disc herniation in a 25-year-old patient is presented with the depiction of intraoperative images supplementing the text.     

Three-level thoracic disc herniation: Case report and review of the literature

A rare case of three-level thoracic disc herniation with associated neurological impairment, including motor, sensor and urinary disturbances, is reported. The diagnosis and localization of the level of cord compression were mainly based on the clinical examination supported by the findings of magnetic resonance imaging and somatosensory evoked potentials. An anterolateral transthoracic approach at the uppermost affected level was selected for removal of all herniated discs, with the use of a surgical microscope; the resected rib was used for intervertebral fusion. An improvement in the patient's subjective and neurological condition was already apparent a few months after the operation, and solid fusion was roentgenographically found at all operated levels. The use of a surgical microscope allows complete removal of the herniated disc while avoiding wide vertebrectomy and associated iatrogenic damage to the spinal cord.     

Microsurgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation: Follow-up of 237 patients

Summary We have reviewed retrospectively the results of 237 consecutive patients who underwent microsurgical discectomy for a virgin lumbar disc herniation. Included were 128 (54%) men and 109 (46%) women, with the mean age of 42 years. Intra-operatively, protrusion was found in 60 (25%) patients, prolapse in 127 (54%) patients and sequestration in 50 (21%) patients. The median post-operative follow-up time was 2 years.During the observation period, sciatic pain had completely recovered or markedly diminished in 218 (92%) patients, and 187 (79%) patients had returned to work. The mean duration of preoperative sciatica was 3.8 months in those patients who finally returned to work. In contrast, it was as long as 6.3 months in those patients who lost their working capacity as a consequence of low back pain. The patients operated on for a prolapse or a sequestrum recovered better than those who underwent surgery for a protrusion. Of the patients operated on for a protrusion, 68% returned to work, while 76% of those operated on for a sequestrum and 85% of those operated on for a prolapse returned to work during the follow-up. Difference was seen also in the occupational outcome: only 37% of the patients operated on for a protrusion reported to manage their work well, while 47% of those with a prolapse and 58% of those with a sequestrum managed well. Surgical complications were in-frequent in this study. Dural tear appeared in 10 (4%) patients and post-operative discitis in 4 (1.7%) patients. Of all patients, 9 (4%) required re-operation for a true recurrent disc.     

Diaphragmatic herniation after 3 years of penetrating trauma managed through laparotomy: A case report

IntroductionDiaphragmatic rupture is an uncommon trauma complication and it is associated with chronic diaphragmatic herniation, especially in the left side. Chronic diaphragmatic herniation is usually due to white weapon injury and as consequence of low suspicious and absence of proper investigation.Case reportWe report a chronic diaphragmatic herniation after three years of a stab in the left thoracoabdominal transition, managed through laparotomy.DiscussionTraumatic diaphragmatic rupture is a rare trauma consequence, most common in the left side. The herniation occurs gradually because of negative pressure of the thoracic cavity that works as a suction of the abdominal organs.ConclusionTraumatic diaphragmatic ruptures diagnosis is difficult and might go unnoticed without high suspicious and proper investigation. Chronic herniation is associated with higher morbimortality.