玻璃体黄斑中心凹牵拉的光学相干断层扫描分析

目的 :应用光学相干断层扫描 (opticalcoherencetomography ,OCT)定量分析玻璃体牵拉与黄斑裂孔形成的关系。探讨OCT检查对诊断特发性黄斑裂孔的意义。方法 :OCT显示为玻璃体黄斑中心凹牵拉的 18例 ( 2 0眼 )患者进行随访。垂直和水平线性OCT经过黄斑中心凹 ,分析OCT图像 ,测量黄斑厚度及玻璃体后脱离 ,定量分析黄斑裂孔与玻璃体牵拉的关系。结果 :平均年龄为 63 2± 8 4岁 ( 5 0～ 77岁 ) ,男性 2例 ,女性 16例。临床诊断为临界黄斑裂孔 9眼 ,黄斑囊肿 2眼 ,玻璃体黄斑牵拉 3眼 ,黄斑囊样水肿 3眼 ,视网膜前膜 1眼及诊断不详 2眼。首次OCT图像显示玻璃体后皮质粘连在黄斑中心凹处 ,中心凹变平或隆起 ,神经上皮间呈低反射的囊肿。未形成裂孔眼的玻璃体后脱离逐渐增加 ,中心凹的隆起度亦随之增加。随访视力显著下降 (P =0 0 0 1,配对T检验 ) ;视力与黄斑的隆起度呈负相关 (r2 =0 5 3 ,P =0 0 0 3 ,Pearson相关分析 )。 2 0眼中 8眼 ( 4 0 % )形成黄斑裂孔 ,板层裂孔 1眼 ,Ⅱ期裂孔 5眼 ,Ⅲ期裂孔 2眼。裂孔形成组与未形成组的视力、黄斑厚度及玻璃体后脱离的差异不显著 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 :OCT对分析、诊断、监测玻璃体黄斑牵拉具有非常有意义的临床价值。玻璃体黄斑中心凹牵拉是裂孔形成的原因之一     

光学相干断层成像对黄斑裂孔的诊断意义

目的　评价光学相干断层成像 (optical coherence tomography,OCT)对黄斑裂孔的诊断价值。方法　自 1999年 10月至 2 0 0 0年 2月我院 40例 45只眼临床诊断为黄斑裂孔的患者在双眼散瞳后行 OCT检查 ,并对图像进行测量和分析。结果　 10例 (13只眼 ) OCT显示为板层裂孔 ,其黄斑中心凹处神经上皮厚度平均为 110μm,标准差为 41。全层黄斑裂孔 30例 (32只眼 ) ,5例为双眼黄斑全层或板层裂孔 ,平均裂孔直径为 6 2 1.2μm,标准差为194.1。全层裂孔者 OCT表现为黄斑中心凹处边界清晰的全层神经上皮缺失 ,裂孔周围视网膜增厚为 393.4±10 0 .7μm,并见无反射的暗腔。 5例行手术后裂孔封闭 ,黄斑中心凹正常反射曲线恢复。结论　 OCT是一种非接触性、非侵入性、高分辨率的检测技术 ,临床上对于黄斑裂孔的定性及定量诊断具有非常重要的应用价值。     

特发性黄斑裂孔的光学相干断层扫描图像特征

目的 观察特发性黄斑裂孔的光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography,OCT)图像的形态特征。 方法 对65例直接检眼镜或三面镜检查诊断为特发性黄斑裂孔的患者的70只患眼进行OCT、眼底彩色照相和/或荧光素眼底血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography,FFA)检查,结合临床特征对OCT图像进行分析。 结果 70只眼中,1,2,3,4期黄斑裂孔分别为11,12,36,11只眼。OCT图像特征1期者表现为黄斑中心凹变浅或消失,神经上皮层浅脱离,中心凹平均厚度为(324.55±139.92)μm;2期者为视网膜表层部分缺失伴小的视网膜组织全层缺损,裂孔的表面有一个可贴附的盖,裂孔平均孔径为(241.75±107.08)μm;3期者为神经上皮层全层缺损,游离盖或无盖,裂孔周围可伴有不同程度囊样水肿,裂孔孔径为(699.78±160.99)μm;4期者图像特征与3期相似,但伴黄斑区和视盘玻璃体后脱离,裂孔孔径(631.36±243.46)μm。 结论 OCT能直观、清晰地显示特发性黄斑裂孔的横截面形态特征,同时能精确地测量裂孔的大小。 (中华眼底病杂志, 1999, 15: 205-208)     

OCT定性定量视网膜静脉阻塞性黄斑水肿

目的 强调OCT多个扫描及分析程序联合应用,定性定量分析视网膜静脉阻塞所致黄斑水肿(RVOME)的性质与程度的作用.方法 对36例36只眼视网膜中央静脉、分支静脉及半侧静脉阻塞波及黄斑的患眼进行OCT检查:作经过黄斑中心凹多径线线性扫描,成比例处理程序定性分析;作黄斑厚度地形图扫描,容积与厚度分析程序定量研究,记录黄斑中心凹,黄斑中心1 mm直径圆形区域视网膜平均厚度及其容积和黄斑总容积等参数,研究这些参数与最佳矫正视力的关系.结果 OCT定性分析发现RVOME有6种基本改变即视网膜神经上皮下积液、黄斑囊样水肿、视网膜海绵样肿胀、象限性视网膜厚度变薄、神经上皮浆液性脱离、黄斑前膜等,一眼常同时发生以上2~3种改变.OCT定量研究发现36只眼RVOME黄斑地形图中白、红、黄、绿、蓝颜色分布不一,象限性视网膜厚度变薄患者,受累黄斑区域呈纯蓝色样改变;中心凹,中心凹1mm直径圆形区域视网膜平均厚度及其容积,黄斑总容积分别为(447.61±197.47)μm3,(451.78±192.19)μm3, (0.35±0.15)μm3及(10.20±3.53)μm3,它们分别都与最佳矫正视力呈直线负相关趋势,但P值均大于0.05.结论 OCT定性分析可以发现RVOME黄斑区视网膜内及视网膜下出血、水肿、液体积聚、囊腔形成等细微形态特征;OCT定量研究可以得到黄斑区总体及局部水肿分布图及中心凹,中心凹1mm直径圆形区域视网膜平均厚度及其容积和黄斑总容积等多个水肿严重程度的判定指标.多个扫描和分析程序联合应用可以快速全面评判黄斑水肿的性质与程度,减少RVOME漏诊、量化疗效和随访观察的指标.但与糖尿病性黄斑水肿不同,RVOME中心凹,中心凹1 mm直径圆形区域视网膜平均厚度及其容积和黄斑总容积等参数与最佳矫正视力之间无统计学意义关系.     

光学相干断层扫描在特发性黄斑前膜手术前后的临床应用

目的　评价光学相干断层扫描 (OCT)在特发性黄斑前膜 (IMEM)手术前后的临床应用价值。方法　 3 6只患眼行玻璃体切割联合黄斑前膜剥膜、气液交换手术。手术前后行裂隙灯显微镜、眼底照相及OCT检查。术后随访平均 8 5 ( 3～ 14 )个月。结果　术前 15眼 ( 4 2 % )OCT图像表现为与视网膜内层局灶黏附的条带状强反光 ,其大部与视网膜内层分离 ;另 2 1眼 ( 5 8% )表现为与视网膜内表面完全紧密粘连的增强增宽的反光带或局部反光团。IMEM可伴黄斑全层裂孔、板层裂孔、假性裂孔、黄斑囊样水肿或视网膜神经上皮层浅脱离。术者根据OCT所示指导剥膜过程。术后视网膜表面异常反光条带或反光团均消失 ,黄斑中心凹平均厚度由术前 419μm± 10 5 μm( 2 65 5～ 689μm)降低为 3 0 0 μm± 65 μm( 185～ 5 11μm)。 12眼 ( 3 2 % )黄斑中心凹曲线术后达到或接近正常形态 ,2 4眼 ( 67% )黄斑中心凹曲线仍不存在 ,呈浅平或略前凸。结论　OCT在IMEM术前定量评估手术指征、监测病情变化以及术后评价手术疗效等方面具有重要的临床应用价值。     

白内障超声乳化手术后黄斑区光学相干断层扫描

目的:观察白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术后黄斑中心凹厚度的改变。方法:对行白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术,且术前、术中无并发症患者56例56眼,行术前及术后1,3mo黄斑区OCT检查,观察术眼黄斑中心凹厚度变化及视力变化。结果:56眼黄斑中心凹视网膜平均厚度术前为241.3±9.9μm,术后1mo为(260.7±16.8)μm,术后3mo为(245.6±17.6)μm,术后1mo与术前比较,差异有显著性意义(P=0.000),术后3mo与术前比较,差异无显著性意义(P=0.137)。术后1mo,2眼出现黄斑囊样水肿,术后3mo,1眼黄斑囊样水肿消退,另1眼黄斑囊样水肿较前略降低,其余眼未出现黄斑囊样水肿。结论:白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术后1mo黄斑中心凹厚度明显增加,术后3mo大部分黄斑水肿消退。     

糖尿病视网膜病变黄斑水肿的检查比较

目的运用裂隙灯前置镜、眼底荧光血管造影(FFA)及光学相干断层扫描术(OCT)对正常人及糖尿病视网膜病变黄斑水肿(DME)进行检测,客观定量分析糖尿病性黄斑水肿,以期早期发现糖尿病性黄斑水肿。方法正常对照组20例(40只眼)。回顾性分析我院2003年5月~2005年10月间非增生性糖尿病患者76例(114只眼),分别行裂隙灯前置镜、FFA和OCT检查。裂隙灯前置镜、FFA检查按常规进行,OCT测量以黄斑中心凹为中心的6mm直径区域内视网膜形态及厚度,对各种检查记录进行比较。结果所有眼均行裂隙灯前置镜检查,肯定有DME者75只眼(65%),怀疑有者9只眼(8%),肯定无者30只眼(18%)。FFA确诊有DME者89只眼(78%),未发现DME者25只眼(22%),其中黄斑局限性水肿占18%,弥漫性水肿占32%,弥漫性水肿伴囊样变性占28%。用OCT检查正常对照组黄斑中心凹6mm直径区域内视网膜平均厚度为(157±10)μm,在糖尿病组同样区域内无黄斑区视网膜增厚者10只眼(9%),有黄斑区视网膜增厚者104只眼(90%),局限性水肿组视网膜平均厚度为(257±43)μm,弥漫性水肿伴囊样变性组视网膜平均厚度为(379±122)μm。经比较,OCT检查的敏感性大大高于裂隙灯前置镜检查,FFA检查无DME组中有15只眼经OCT检查与正常对照组间比较,有显著性差异(P<0.05),另外局限视网膜病变荧光渗漏组、弥漫性荧光渗漏伴囊变组间两两比较也均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论对于糖尿病视网膜病变黄斑区水肿,OCT检查其敏感性大大高于裂隙灯前置镜检查,并随着病程的延长,黄斑水肿加重,视网膜厚度及形态改变明显。OCT与FFA检查相互配合,才能较准确评估DME的发生及发展。     

年龄相关性特发性黄斑裂孔自愈一例

患者,女,70岁。于2006年10月8日因右眼视力下降3个月就诊。眼科检查：视力右眼0．1,左眼1．0,双眼外眼未见异常,角膜透明,晶状体皮质轻度混浊,有眼黄斑区疑似全层裂孔,视网膜其他部位未见异常。左眼眼底正常。光学相干断层扫描仪（OCT）检查,右眼黄斑中心凹有囊样变性,中央部较大的囊腔顶有一小裂孔,直径155μm,孔底直径758μm,玻璃体不完全性后脱离（图1）。临床诊断：右眼年龄相关性特发性黄斑裂孔。患者未同意行玻璃体切割裂孔封闭手术,故门诊观察。于2008年12月15日再次来诊,视力右眼0．5,左眼1．0,右眼黄斑区裂孔封闭,黄斑中心凹平伏,余同术前。OCT检查黄斑中心凹裂孔封闭,留有视网膜色素上皮局限性断裂,玻璃体后脱离表现同前（图2）。     

特发性黄斑视网膜前膜的光学相干断层扫描

目的观察特发性黄斑视网膜前膜(idiopathic macular epireti nal membranes, IMEM)的光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography, OCT)图像 特征,探讨IMEM患眼黄斑中心凹厚度与视力之间的关系。方法对67例73只经直接或间接检眼镜、三面镜、眼底彩色照相或荧光素眼底血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiogrphy, FFA)检查诊断为IMEM的患眼进行经黄斑中心凹的OCT线性扫描, 测量黄斑中心凹厚度,并与视力进行相关分析。结果32只眼表现为视网膜前膜(Epiretinal menmbrabces, ERMs)伴黄斑水肿;20只眼表现为增生性ERMs,14只眼表现为ERMs伴假性黄斑裂孔;7只眼表现为ERMs伴板层黄斑裂孔。73只眼中27只眼可见ERMs与视网膜内层分离,占38.36%。增生性ERMs者黄斑中心凹厚度 最厚,ERMs伴板层黄斑裂孔者黄斑中心凹厚度最薄。黄斑中心凹厚度与视力呈负相关(r=－0.454,P=0.000)。结论IMEM 的 OCT图像主要有ERMs伴黄斑水肿、增生性ERMs、ERMs伴假性裂孔与板层裂孔改变;ERMs患者黄斑中心凹厚度越厚视力越差。(中华眼底病杂志,2001,17:115-118)     

黄斑水肿的光相干断层扫描分析

目的 观察黄斑水肿的光相干断层扫描（OCT）图像特征；探讨黄斑中心凹厚度与最佳矫正视力之间的关系。 方法 对50例正常对照者以及47例54只经直接、间接检眼镜、三面镜及荧光素眼底血管造影（FFA）诊断为黄斑水肿的患眼进行OCT检查，通过黄斑中心凹的水平或垂直方向线性扫描，测量黄斑中心凹的厚度，对比分析两组受检者的黄斑形态及中心凹厚度值，根据形态学特点对黄斑水肿者的OCT图像进行分类并将其中心凹厚度与其最佳矫正视力进行相关分析。 结果 正常对照组与黄斑水肿组黄斑形态及中心凹厚度差异有显著性的意义。黄斑水肿患眼的OCT图像表现为3种特征，20只眼表现为黄斑区视网膜海绵样肿胀，占37.1%；26只眼表现为黄斑囊样水肿，占48.1%；8只眼表现为浆液性视网膜神经上皮脱离，占14.8%。黄斑水肿者黄斑中心凹厚度与其最佳矫正视力呈负相关（r=－0.569, P=0.000）。 结论 黄斑水肿的OCT图像主要包括视网膜海绵样肿胀、黄斑囊样水肿及神经上皮浆液性脱离。黄斑水肿患者的黄斑中心凹厚度明显增厚，黄斑中心凹厚度越厚，视力越差。 （中华眼底病杂志，2004，20：152-155）     

Optical coherence tomography and focal macular electroretinogram in eyes with epiretinal membrane and macular pseudohole

PURPOSE: To determine the morphology of macular pseudoholes (MPHs) and the relationship of morphology to macular function. DESIGN: Observational case series. METHODS: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed on 42 eyes of 42 consecutive patients with an epiretinal membrane (ERM) and an MPH. The diameters of the MPH, and the thickness of the foveal and parafoveal retina were measured. Of these 42 eyes, focal macular electroretinograms (FMERGs) were recorded from 22 eyes of 22 patients with a 15 degree stimulus; FMERGs were also recorded with a 5 degree stimulus from 9 eyes of these 22 eyes. RESULTS: In 42 eyes, the mean +/- Standard deviation (SD) diameter (437.7 +/- 172.8 microm) and geometrical shape of the MPHs were not significantly correlated with the visual acuity. The MPHs were divided into 2 types from the OCT images at the base of MPHs; group A had normal thickness (100-199 microm; n = 29), and group B (n = 13) had thicknesses of >or= 200 microm, or thickness < 100 microm, or irregular base. The visual acuity in group A (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution [log MAR] mean +/- SD:.083 +/-.144) was significantly better than group B (log MAR,.407 +/-.212, P <.0001). There was a significant reduction in the amplitude of all components of FMERGs elicited by the 15 degree stimulus in the affected eyes (mean +/- SE, A-wave: 1.26 +/-.12 microv, B-wave: 3.07 +/-.27 microv, oscillatory potentials: 1.23 +/-.25 microv) compared with the normal fellow eyes (A-wave: 1.58 +/-.13 microv, B-wave: 4.14 +/-.27 microv, oscillatory potentials: 2.35 +/-.29 microv). A significant correlation was found between the relative amplitudes of the B-wave elicited by the 5 degree stimulus and the visual acuity (r =.918, P =.0005). CONCLUSIONS: In eyes with an ERM and an MPH, the visual acuity is generally correlated with the OCT images. Macular function of eyes with an MPH resembles eyes with an ERM without an MPH. The effect of the ERM appears to be different on the base and parafovea of the MPHs.     

特发性和继发性黄斑前膜频域OCT的对比研究

目的：应用频域光学相干断层扫描（optical coherence tomography,OCT）对特发性和继发性黄斑前膜（macular epiretinal membrane,ERM）的形态特征、黄斑中心凹厚度及其与视力的关系进行对比研究。方法：应用频域OCT观察用裂隙灯显微镜、荧光素眼底血管造影（fundus fluorescein angiography,FFA）及OCT确诊为特发性ERM（92例112眼）、继发性ERM（78例96眼）的患者,观察前膜的形态特征、定量测量前膜及其下视网膜厚度、分析黄斑中心凹厚度与视力的关系。结果：ERM的OCT图像表现为视网膜神经上皮层表面厚薄不一的高反射光带,主要表现为前膜与视网膜内表面出现局灶及大部分粘连,其次表现为黄斑中心凹变浅或消失、神经上皮层增厚、黄斑水肿。特发性ERM患者视网膜平均厚度为398.32±112.07μm,前膜的平均厚度为52.28±9.65μm;继发性ERM患者视网膜平均厚度为416.87±104.17μm,前膜的平均厚度为57.05±10.33μm。两组间的差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。在相同视力区间,两组黄斑中心凹厚度比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。而分别在两组及同组不同视力区间之间,黄斑中心凹厚度差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：OCT可以客观地显示ERM及黄斑部组织结构的改变,并能定量检测ERM、中心凹视网膜厚度变化,是ERM可靠的检测手段。     

Structural and functional outcomes after treatment of uveitic macular oedema: an optical coherence tomography and multifocal electroretinogram study

Background: The aim was to evaluate the correlation between the anatomical and functional outcomes before and after treatment of uveitic macular oedema. Methods: Thirty‐three eyes of 33 patients with uveitic macular oedema were included in the present study. Visual acuity (VA), optical coherence tomography (OCT) and multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) were measured before and after treatment of the macular oedema. Correlation analyses between VA, OCT and mfERG parameters were performed. Results: The VA and mfERG measurements showed statistically significant improvement after treatment of the macular oedema (p < 0.01) and OCT‐measured central foveal thickness decreased significantly from 434 ± 135 µm before treatment to 267 ± 92 µm after treatment (p < 0.001). Correlation analyses showed that uveitic central foveal thickness before treatment was correlated with mfERG N1 response amplitude of area 1 (Spearman's r = ‐0.62, p < 0.001). VA (logMAR) after treatment had a negative correlation with the mfERG N1 response amplitude of area 1 (Spearman's r = ‐0.56, p = 0.001). Also, there was no correlation between the final VA and pre‐treatment OCT and mfERG measurements. Conclusion: This study deals with cystoid macular oedema associated with recurrent uveitis. In cystoid macular oedema, the value of mfERG before treatment is related to the central foveal thickness and VA. In contrast, after treatment the decrease of macular thickness is not always followed by an improvement of mfERG and VA. This supports the view that in uveitic macular oedema, the decrease in macular thickness after treatment may not be used as a predictor of improvement of macular function.     

Diagnosis of macular pseudoholes and lamellar macular holes by optical coherence tomography

PURPOSE: To assess the usefulness of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for better differential diagnosis of macular pseudoholes (MPH) and lamellar macular holes (LMH). DESIGN: Observational case series. METHODS: setting: Institutional practice. patients: We reviewed the files of 71 eyes of 70 consecutive patients who were diagnosed as having a pseudohole or lamellar hole on OCT examination. All patients referred for suspected pseudohole or lamellar hole on biomicroscopy were evaluated by OCT. main outcome measures: Each eye underwent six radial 3-mm OCT scans centered on the macula, one 6-mm vertical and one 6-mm horizontal scan. Retinal thickness was measured at the foveal center and 750 microm from the center, vertically, and horizontally. The diameter of the macular contour was also measured on vertical and horizontal scans. RESULTS: In 40 cases, OCT showed a macular profile characteristic of MPH: a steepened foveal pit combined with thickened foveal edges and a small foveal pit diameter. Central foveal thickness was normal or slightly increased (167 +/- 42 microm). Mean perifoveal thickness was greater than normal (363 +/- 65 microm). In 29 other cases corresponding to LMH, OCT showed a profile characterized by a thin irregular foveal floor, split foveal edges, and near-normal perifoveal retinal thickness. Central foveolar thickness was thinner than normal (72 +/- 19 microm). Mean perifoveal thickness was near normal (283 +/- 36). Optical coherence tomography did not allow the classification of the remaining two cases. CONCLUSIONS: Optical coherence tomography is very useful in distinguishing MPH attributable to epiretinal membrane contraction from LMH because of partial opening of a macular cyst.     

白内障术后黄斑区光学相干断层扫描动态观察

目的：观察白内障术后黄斑厚度的改变。方法：将126例白内障患者分为两组,分别行常规白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术64例和小切口非超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术62例。两组术前、术中无并发症,术前及术后1,3mo黄斑区行OCT检查,观察两组术后黄斑厚度及视力变化。本研究采用SPSS 17.0统计学软件处理,每组术前、后采用配对t检验对数据进行统计学处理; 两组间术前、后分别采用独立样本t检验对数据进行统计学处理,取α=0.05检验水准。结果：两组术后黄斑厚度变化：超声乳化组：术前、术后1,3mo黄斑厚度分别为241.3±10.9, 279.7±16.5,245.6± 12.6μm。术后1mo与术前比较差异有显著差异（P〈0.01）; 术后3mo与术前比较,差异无统计学差异（P〉0.05）; 术后1mo与3mo比较有统计学差异（P〈0.05）。有3例术后1mo出现黄斑囊样水肿,2例术后3mo完全消退。小切口非超声乳化组：术前、术后1,3mo黄斑厚度分别为240.5±11.9,280.9±16.8,246.6±13.2μm。黄斑厚度术后1mo与术前比较有显著统计学差异（P〈0.01）; 术后3mo与术前比较,无统计学差异（P〉0.05）; 术后1mo与3mo比较有统计学差异（P〈0.05）。有2例术后1mo出现黄斑囊样水肿,2例术后3mo完全消退。超声乳化组与小切口非超声乳化组,两组间术前、术后1,3mo分别比较均无统计学差异（P均〉0.05）。结论：无论选择白内障超声乳化还是小切口非超声乳化白内障联合人工晶状体植入,术后1mo黄斑厚度明显增加,证明术后造成黄斑水肿; 术后3mo厚度基本恢复术前。黄斑增厚与术式选择无明显关系。     

玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德联合激光治疗视网膜黄斑分支静脉阻塞黄斑水肿

目的:观察玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德(triamcinolone ace-tonide,TA)联合激光治疗视网膜黄斑分支静脉阻塞黄斑水肿的临床疗效。方法:将经过视力、眼压、眼底检查、眼底彩色照相、荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)、光相干断层扫描(OCT)检查确诊的164例164眼视网膜黄斑分支静脉阻塞伴黄斑水肿患者纳入治疗。男90例90眼,女74例74眼,年龄20～80(平均59.7)岁。矫正视力0.02～0.6,logMAR视力为0.778±0.347。病程3d～2a。平均眼压15.22mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)。FFA检查黄斑区晚期均有荧光素蓄积;OCT示平均黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度442.41±74.07μm。表面麻醉下给予4mgTA玻璃体腔注射,2wk后进行黄斑区光凝治疗。治疗后第1,3,6mo随访。结果:164例患者治疗后1,3,6mo的平均logMAR最佳矫正视力(BCVA)分别提高至0.49±0.34,0.44±0.34,0.43±0.33,与治疗前比较,差异均有统计学意义。治疗后6mo视力提高135眼(82.3%),其中视力提高≥2者103眼(62.8%);治疗后1,3,6moFFA检查黄斑区晚期荧光素蓄积均有减轻或消失,治疗后1,3,6mo,OCT检查平均黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度分别为253.99±63.99μm,239.84±53.74μm,234.55±51.32μm;与治疗前比较,差异均有统计学意义。治疗后6mo,黄斑水肿改善者147眼(89.6%)。玻璃体腔注药后3d之内有4眼发生假性眼内炎,观察及治疗后恢复至可行激光治疗,治疗后3mo时有11眼眼压高于正常,用药后均恢复至正常范围。结论:玻璃体腔注射TA联合激光治疗视网膜黄斑分支静脉阻塞引起的黄斑水肿疗效较好,明显提高视力,改善视功能,促使黄斑水肿消退或减轻。     

Impact of OCT scan-patterns in identifying morphological features of lamellar macular holes and macular pseudoholes

AIM: To evaluate the impact of the optical coherence tomography (OCT) scan patterns on the detection of the features associated with lamellar macular hole (LMH) and macular pseudohole (MPH). METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of 100 consecutive eyes with LMH (n=41) and MPH (n=59) having at least three of the following OCT features, which include mandatory criteria for the diagnosis of LMH and MPH: Epiretinal membrane, epiretinal proliferation, verticalization, intraretinal cystoid spaces, foveoschisis, irregular foveal contour, foveal cavity with undermined edges, and ellipsoid line disruption. Primary outcome measurement was the detection frequency of the features in three different OCT scan patterns: 1) volume scan; 2) six radial scans (R6); and 3) vertical and horizontal radial scans (R2). RESULTS: Of the total eight features, the maximal detection frequency was found as 4.45±1.45, 4.35±1.47, and 3.70±1.59, by the volume, R6 and R2, respectively. R2 was inferior to the other patterns in detection of the total features (P<0.001), whereas R6 and volume patterns were found comparable (P=0.312). CONCLUSION: The physician should be aware that the selection of the OCT-scan pattern may influence the detection of mandatory morphological criteria for the diagnosis of LMH and MPH.     

Relationship between perifoveal capillaries and pathomorphology in macular oedema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion

Purpose

To study the relationship between macular ischaemia on fluorescein angiography (FA) and pathomorphology at the foveal centre delineated by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) in macular oedema (MO) associated with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).

Methods

One hundred and five consecutive eyes of 105 patients with MO (centre point thickness (CPT) ≥300 μm) associated with BRVO in which FA using Heidelberg Retinal Angiography 2 and Spectralis OCT were performed on the same day were retrospectively reviewed. We evaluated the foveal pathomorphology using OCT images and the association with macular ischaemia.

Results

Within 1 year from symptom onset, 94 eyes were classified with perfused macula (34 eyes) or non-perfused macula (60 eyes). Eyes with perfused macula had better visual acuity and less CPT than those with non-perfused macula (P=0.024 and P<0.001, respectively). Fourteen eyes with perfused macula had serous retinal detachment (SRD) alone at the presumed foveal centre (SRD type); seven, a sponge-like swelling at that area (retinal swelling type); 11, foveal cystoid spaces alone (cystoid MO (CMO) type), and 2, with both SRD and foveal cystoid spaces (SRD+CMO type). However, 58 eyes with non-perfused macula had foveal cystoid spaces (42 of CMO type and 16 of SRD+CMO type), with a significant association between them (P<0.001). Among 11 eyes with symptoms exceeding 1 year, 6 eyes had perfused macula, and none had the SRD type.

Conclusion

Most eyes without foveal cystoid spaces have perfused macula in MO associated with BRVO.     

特发性黄斑前膜的3D光学相干断层扫描特征

目的应用3D光学相干断层扫描（OCT）观察特发性黄斑前膜（IERM）的形态特征及其与视力的关系。方法应用3D-OCT观察IERM118例（136眼）,分析中心凹形态、中心凹厚度、感光细胞（IS/OS）情况及与视力的关系。结果在136眼中,板层裂孔者18眼,假性黄斑裂孔者19眼,囊肿者7眼,弥漫水肿者57眼,中心凹正常者35眼。弥漫水肿组的视力为0.48±0.28,明显低于中心凹正常组的视力0.75±0.27,2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。感光细胞完整组的中心凹厚度为（276±96）μm,不完整组为（467±172）μm,2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。感光细胞完整组的视力为0.64±0.28,不完整组的为0.30±0.20,2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论3D-OCT能提供更多的特发性黄斑前膜中心凹形态的信息,感光细胞完整患者的视力明显好于不完整者。