人胚细胞提取物拮抗环磷酰胺诱发小鼠骨髓微核的研究

本文研究了人胚细胞提取物（胚提物）对小鼠自发和环磷酰胺（ＣＰ）诱发骨髓嗜多染细胞（ＰＣＥ）微核的影响．结果表明：①胺腔注射０．３，３和３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ．体重的胚提物，小鼠骨髓ＰＣＥ微核率（ＭＮＦ）与对照组相比无显著差异．②ＣＰ可诱发ＰＣＥ的ＭＮＦ显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）．③注射ＣＰ和上述剂量的胚提物，可使ＭＮＦ呈剂量依赖性下降，当剂量达３和３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ．体重时，ＭＮＦ下降显著（Ｐ＜０．０５和＜０．０１）．上述结果提示；胚提物无诱发小鼠骨髓微核作用，而对ＣＰ诱发小鼠ＰＣＥ微核则有拮抗作用，这一结果在临床肿瘤化疗上有潜在的应用价值．     

全甲注参胶囊对环磷酰胺致畸和抑瘤作用

目的 观察全甲洋参胶囊（ＱＪＹＳ）对环磷酰胺（ＣＰ）引起的荷瘤小鼠骨髓嗜多工细胞微核形成（ＭＮＦ）和对ＣＰ抑瘤作用的影响，探讨其临床应用的合理性。方法 以荷瘤（Ｓ１８０）小鼠为动物模型，分别观察单纯给予不同剂量的ＱＪＹＳ，单纯给予ＣＰ，同时给予ＱＪＹＳ和ＣＰ对小鼠肿瘤生长和骨髓嗜多工细胞ＭＮＦ的影响，并与对照组进行比较。结果 单纯给予ＱＪＹＳ各剂量组小鼠肿瘤平均重量及ＮＭＦ均略低于对照组，但无显著     

强化全营养乳对环磷酰胺致突变和移植性肿瘤的抑制作用

汉小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验评价了强化全营养乳（Ｆｏｒｔｉｆｉｅｄ Ｆｕｌｌ－Ｎｕｔｒｉｔｉｏｎａｌ Ｍｉｌｋ，ＦＦＮＭ）抑制间接诱变剂环磷酰胺（Ｃｙ－ｃｌｏｐｈｏｓ ｐｈａｍｉｄｅ，ＣＰ）的诱变作用，并观察了ＦＦＮＭ对小鼠移植性Ｓ１８０肉瘤、艾错腹水癌（Ｅｈｒｌｉｃｈ Ａｓｃｉｔｅｓ Ｃａｒｃｉｎｏｍａ， ＥＡＣ）及可移植性小鼠膀胱癌ＢＳＴ７３９生长的影响。结果表明，预防性给予ＦＦＮＭ可以明显抑制ＣＰ     

神通营养液（JYD）降低香烟凝集物诱发微核率的研究

本文以小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率（ｍｉｃｒｏｎｕｃｌｅｉ ｐｏｌｃｈｒｏｍａｔｉｃ ｅｒｙｔｈｒｏｃｙｔｅｓ ｏｆ ｍｏｕｓｅ ｂｏｎｅ ｍａｒｒｏｗ，ＭＮＰＣＥ）为指标，测定神通营养液（ＪＹＤ）降低香烟凝集物诱发微核率的研究，结果表明，ＪＹＤ高、低剂量分别加进香烟凝集物（ｃｉｇａｒｃｔｔｅ ｓｍｏｋｅ ｃｏｎｄｅｎｓｅ，ＣＳＣ）与阳性对照组比较，差异极显著（Ｐ〈０．０１），揭示ＪＹＤ可能具有降低     

羧乙基锗倍半氧化物（Ge—132）的抗诱变作用研究

本研究用果蝇伴性隐性致死（ＳＬＲＬ）实验，鼠伤寒沙门氏菌回复突变实验（Ａｍｅｓ）实验，小鼠骨髓细胞微核（ＭＮ）实验分别检测了Ｇｅ－１３２的抗诱变作用。结果表明：Ｇｅ－１３２在低浓度一定范围内（０．１％，０．０１％）对甲基磺酸乙酯诱发果蝇ＳＬＲＬ突变具有较弱的抗诱变作用Ｇｅ－１３２对２－氨基芴诱发的ＴＡ９８，ＴＡ１００回变无抗诱变作用，对环磷酰胺诱发小鼠髓细胞微核效应呈现剂量反应关系的抗诱变作用，但     

羧乙基锗倍半氧化物（Ge－l32）的抗诱变作用研究

本研究用果蝇伴性隐性致死（ＳＬＲＬ）实验，鼠伤寒沙门氏菌回复突变实验（Ａｍｅｓ）实验，小鼠骨髓细胞微核（ＭＮ）实验分别检测了Ｇｅ－１３２的抗诱变作用，结果表明：Ｇｅ－１３２在低浓度一定范围内（０．１％，０．０１％）对甲基磺酸乙酯诱发果蝇ＳＩＲＬ突变具有较弱的抗诱变作用Ｇｅ－１３２对２－氢基芴诱发的ＴＡ９８．ＴＡ１００回变无抗诱变作用，对环磷酰胺诱发小鼠髓细胞微核效应呈现剂量反应关系的抗诱变作用，但由于Ｇｅ－１３２处理组微核率仍远远离于阴性对照组，故认为抗诱变作用有限，并认为除在特殊适应症人群中可适量应用Ｇｅ－１３２外，健康人群中不提倡使用。     

A STUDY OF THE TNM STAGING SYSTEM FOR NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA (NPC)

ＡＳＴＵＤＹＯＦＴＨＥＴＮＭＳＴＡＧＩＮＧＳＹＳＴＥＭＦＯＲＮＡＳＯＰＨＡＲＹＮＧＥＡＬＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡ（ＮＰＣ）ＬｉＣｈａｎｇｑｉｎｇ；李长青ＬｉａｏＬｉｎｇｘｉａ；廖玲霞（ＨｕｂｅｉＣａｎｃｅｒＨｏｓｐｉｔａｌ，Ｗｕｈａｎ，４３００７０）Ａｂｓ...     

大蒜、大蒜绿茶合剂对MNNG诱发实验性胃癌及癌前病变PBL微核率的影响

本文研究大蒜、大蒜绿茶合剂对ＭＮＮＧ诱发大鼠胃癌及癌前病变过程中ＰＢＬ微核率的影响。结果显示，ＭＮＮＧ组（ＭＧ）ＭＮＦ在１０月与１６月时无明显差异，但较对照组（ＣＧ）始终显著增高（Ｐ＜０．００１），胃癌及癌前病变均高于ＣＧ（Ｐ＜０．００１），癌前病变明显低于胃癌（Ｐ＜０．００１），预防组（ＰＧ）、治疗１（ＴＧⅠ）与Ⅱ组（ＴＧⅡ）皆低于ＭＧ（Ｐ＜０．００１），ＰＧ在１６月较１０月时显著降低（Ｐ＜０．００１），与ＴＧⅠ无明显区别，而ＴＧⅡ较ＰＧ１０月时差异明显（Ｐ＜０．００５），但与ＰＧ１６月时和ＴＧⅡ无差异。证明ＭＮＮＧ的致突变、致癌变性可持续作用，大蒜、绿茶具有明显的抗突变、抗癌变效果，微核先于胃癌出现于癌前病变，从而检测ＰＢＬ微核可作为胃癌危险和早期的新标志。     

EBV转化淋巴细胞与EBV相关细胞核基质蛋白分析

（目的）研究脐淋巴细胞与ＥＢＶ转化淋巴细胞（ＬＣＬｓ），ＥＢＶ相关细胞核基质蛋白（ＮＭＰｓ）之间的关系，分析鉴定ＥＢＶ感染细胞后的ＮＭＰｓ特异性改变，探讨了ＮＭＰｓ与ＥＢＶ转化及肿瘤形成的关系，（方法）ＥＢＶ转化淋巴细胞，改良方法提取ＮＭＰｓ；制备ＮＭＰｓ免疫小鼠血清ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳及双波长蛋白薄层扫描方法分析ＮＭＰｓ，免疫蛋白印迹分析ＮＭＰｓ与抗ＮＭＰｓ的阳性血清之间的反应性，（结果）获得Ｅ     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（BFGF）诱变性研究

本文应用活体小鼠骨髓细胞染色体畸变（ＣＡ）试验及骨髓嗜多染红细胞（ＰＣＥ）微核（ＭＮ）试验，对碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ＢＦＧＦ）的诱变活性进行为期ｌＷＫ、２ＷＫ及４ＷＫ的实验研究。结果表明：经ＢＦＧＦ处理的实验各组微核率与正常对照组比较无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），但是，染色体畸变试验结果揭示，其与对照组比较显示出一定的诱变活性。ＣＡ及ＭＮ两种方法测定结果均无剂量效应关系。     

洛铂联合多西他赛行肿瘤细胞减灭术加腹腔热灌注化疗治疗腹膜癌的临床观察

目的 分析洛铂联合多西他赛行肿瘤细胞减灭术（cytoreductive surgery, CRS）加腹腔热灌注化疗（hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, HIPEC）治疗腹膜癌（peritoneal carcinoma, PC）的围手术期安全性及疗效。 方法 PC患者行CRS+HIPEC治疗,药物为洛铂50 mg/m2、多西他赛60 mg/m²,加入12 000 ml 0.9%氯化钠溶液加热至（43±0.5）℃持续灌注60 min。记录术后6天体温和心率变化、围手术期不良事件、血常规及血生化指标、术后患者恢复情况及生存结果。结果 90例PC患者行95次CRS+HIPEC,手术时间180~450 min (中位数485 min）;术后6天最高体温、心率分别为36.4℃~38.6℃（中位数37.5℃）、76~124 bpm（中位数100 bpm）,严重不良事件16例,包括围手术期死亡2例。中位生存期20.8月（95%CI: 13.1~25.8月）,1、3、5年生存率分别为75.6%、45.6%、43.3%。 结论 洛铂联合多西他赛进行CRS+HIPEC治疗PC安全性可接受,有助于延长患者生存期。     

Endoscopic Endonasal Dacryocystorhinostomy: Best Surgical Management for DCR

EEDCR is a highly rewarding Endoscopic procedure for management of dacryocystitis when epiphora does not respond to medications or repeated syringing of nasolacrimal duct. It is a simple, less time consuming, safe but skilful, highly satisfying surgery both for the patients as well as the surgeons. There is very big advantage of EEDCR, it is close 100% successful procedure, even if there is recurrence of epiphora it is again correctable fully with no residual affects. EEDCR is far more superior to External DCR/Laser DCR and there are definite reasons for it. A total number of 578 cases have been operated by me from April 1, 2005 to March 31, 2011, only very few reoccurrences were there and they were corrected easily so much so that it can be said that it is a close 100% successful procedure and best surgical management of DACRYOCYSTITIS up to date. The successful outcome was defined as symptomatic relief from epiphora and dacryocystitis and a patent nasolacrimal duct upon syringing at the end of procedure and on follow up of patient.     

参麦注射液对阿霉素所致大鼠心肌损伤保护作用的实验研究

目的　观察参麦注射液 (SMI)对阿霉素 (ADM )诱导大鼠心肌损伤的保护作用和抗氧化作用。方法　选用ADM诱导大鼠心肌损伤模型。SD大鼠 60只 ,随机分为 3个组 ,每组 2 0只 ,分别为正常组、治疗组、对照组。正常组 :实验第 1～ 9天注射生理盐水 ,每天 3ml/kg ,1次 /天。治疗组 :实验第 1～ 9天注射参麦注射液 ,每天 3ml/kg ,1次 /天 ,第 4天注射阿霉素 ,隔天 1次 ,连用 3次 ,用生理盐水配置成 1mg/ml,每次 3mg/kg。对照组实验 1～ 9天注射生理盐水 ,每天 3ml/kg ,1次 /天。第 4天注射阿霉素 ,以后隔天 1次 ,连用 3次 ,用生理盐水配置成 1mg/ml,每次 3mg/kg。到期测定血丙二醛 (MDA )含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD )活性 ,并进行心肌病理检查。结果　对照组MDA水平明显高于治疗组 ,对照组SOD水平则显著低于治疗组 ,即加用SMI可提高SOD活性 ,降低MDA含量。SMI能明显减轻大鼠心肌损伤 ,对照组与治疗组比较 ,治疗组心肌损伤明显减轻 ,治疗组与正常组比较无显著性差异。参麦注射液有抗氧化作用 ,与对照组比较 ,血SOD水平升高 ,MDA水平降低 ,心肌病理计分下降。结论参麦注射液有抗氧化作用和对阿霉素所引起的心脏毒性具有保护作用 ,为临床寻找有效的阿霉素所致心肌损伤保护药物提供良好的客观依据 ,值得临床推广应用     

Denosumab in patients with cancer and skeletal metastases: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

We conducted a systematic review of the literature to determine the efficacy and safety of denosumab in reducing skeletal-related events (SRE) in patients with bone metastases.

Methods

A literature search using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and The Cochrane Collaboration Library identified relevant controlled clinical trials up-to-March 14, 2012. Two independent reviewers assessed studies for inclusion, according to predetermined criteria, and extracted relevant data. The primary outcomes of interest were SRE, time to first on-study SRE, and overall survival. Secondary outcomes included pain, quality of life, bone turnover markers (BTM), and adverse events.

Results

Six controlled trials including 6142 patients were analyzed. Compared to zoledronic acid, denosumab had lower incidence of SRE with a risk ratio (RR) of 0.84 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.80–0.88), delayed the onset of first on-study SRE (RR 0.83; 95% CI 0.75–0.90) and time to worsening of pain (RR 0.84; 95% CI 0.77–0.91). No difference was observed in overall survival with pooled hazard ratio of 0.98 (95% CI 0.90–1.0). For total adverse events, denosumab was similar to zoledronic acid (RR 0.97; 95% CI 0.89–1.0). No significant differences were observed in the frequency of osteonecrosis of the jaw (RR 1.4; 95% CI 0.92–2.1). Patients on denosumab had a greater risk of developing hypocalcemia (RR 1.9; 95% CI 1.6–2.3).

Conclusions

Denosumab was more effective than zoledronic acid in reducing the incidence of SRE, and delayed the time to SRE. No differences were found between denosumab and zoledronic acid in reducing overall mortality, or in the frequency of overall adverse events.     

体内诱导艾氏腹水瘤细胞的耐药性研究

肿瘤细胞耐药性的存在是临床化疗失败的主要原因之一。本实验在小鼠体内用阿霉素（ADR）诱导艾氏腹水瘤细胞（EHR）的耐药性，探讨细胞产生耐药性的机理。HPLC法测定细胞内药物浓度．结果表明耐药细胞─—EHR/ADR细胞内ADR积聚低于EHR细胞，而对ADR外排快于EHR细胞；异博定（VER）增加EHR／ADR细胞对ADR的摄取并阻滞其外排．而对EHR影响不大，揭示EHR／ADR细胞具有MDR特性。     

Oxygen for relief of dyspnoea in mildly- or non-hypoxaemic patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of palliative oxygen for relief of dyspnoea in cancer patients. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for randomised controlled trials, comparing oxygen and medical air in cancer patients not qualifying for home oxygen therapy. Abstracts were reviewed and studies were selected using Cochrane methodology. The included studies provided oxygen at rest or during a 6-min walk. The primary outcome was dyspnoea. Standardised mean differences (SMDs) were used to combine scores. Five studies were identified; one was excluded from meta-analysis due to data presentation. Individual patient data were obtained from the authors of the three of the four remaining studies (one each from England, Australia, and the United States). A total of 134 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Oxygen failed to improve dyspnoea in mildly- or non-hypoxaemic cancer patients (SMD=-0.09, 95% confidence interval -0.22 to 0.04; P=0.16). Results were stable to a sensitivity analysis, excluding studies requiring the use of imputed quantities. In this small meta-analysis, oxygen did not provide symptomatic benefit for cancer patients with refractory dyspnoea, who would not normally qualify for home oxygen therapy. Further study of the use of oxygen in this population is warranted given its widespread use.     

邻近腋窝的上皮样血管内皮瘤1例报道

We described a case of a 71-year-old woman with an epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) in her left axilla,a rare location which hasn't been reported yet. The patient suffered from numbness, pain and decreased muscle strength of her left upper extremity. Sonography revealed a hypoechoic mass surrounded the axillary artery and brachial artery. No obvious capsule was demonstrated. CT showed a soft-tissue mass with some calcifications and peripheral ring-like en-hancement. The MRI indicated a mass with mainly intermediate signal intensity on Tl-weighted imagine and intermediate signal intensity on T2-weighted imagine. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathologic examination after surgery. There are some correlations of these imaging features with its histopathologic characters.     

GF方案与TP方案一线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床对照研究

Objective  

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacies of initial gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GP) and paclitaxel plus cisplatin (TP) 1st-line chemotherapies for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and observe their side effects.     

鼻咽癌患者放射性骨坏死引起的正电子显像假阳性结果1例及文献复习

目的:探讨鼻咽癌(NPC)患者放射性骨坏死(osteoradionecrosis,ORN)引起正电子假阳性结果的原因及避免因此引发诊断错误的方法。方法:回顾性分析1例放疗后的鼻咽癌患者,行鼻咽部MRI及正电子显像后,再行组织病理学检查,对三种结果进行分析、比较。结果:MRI及正电子显像均诊断患者颅底区域肿瘤复发,组织病理学结果则显示鼻咽部病灶为放射性骨坏死。因此正电子扫描结果为假阳性结果。结论:鼻咽癌患者放疗后所致的放射性骨坏死容易引起正电子显像假阳性结果并可能引发不必要的治疗,因此NPC患者的正电子图像,对于可能的局限性肿瘤复发诊断,应该非常慎重。     

Bortezomib-related neuropathy may mask CNS relapse in multiple myeloma: A call for diligence

Background: Neuropathy is a common adverse effect of bortezomib. Isolated central nervous system (CNS) relapse in MM remains exceedingly rare and carries a dismal prognosis. We present an unusual case of bortezomib related neuropathy masking a CNS relapse of MM. Case presentation: A 57-year-old female was diagnosed with standard-risk MM with clinical and cytogenetic features not typically associated with CNS involvement. She was treated with 4 cycles of bortezomib/cyclophosphamide/dexamethasone (VCD) and achieved a VGPR, after which she underwent an autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) followed by bortezomib maintenance. Six months after ASCT she developed symptoms suggestive of peripheral neuropathy which was attributed to bortezomib. However the symptoms persisted despite discontinuation of bortezomib. Imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis subsequently confirmed a CNS relapse. Discussion: CNS involvement in MM (CNS-MM) is uncommon and is considered an aggressive disease. Recently published literature has reported biomarkers with prognostic potential. However, isolated CNS relapse is even less common; an event which carries a very poor prognosis. Given the heterogeneous neurologic manifestations associated with MM, clinical suspicion may be masked by confounding factors such as bortezomib-based therapy. The disease may further remain incognito if the patient does not exhibit any of the high risk features and biomarkers associated with CNS involvement. Conclusion: In the era of proteasome inhibitor (PtdIns)/immunomodulator (IMID)-based therapy for MM which carries neurologic adverse effects, it is prudent to consider CNS relapse early. This case further highlights the need for more robust biomarkers to predict CNS relapse and use of newer novel agents which demonstrate potential for CNS penetration.